Double Cloth Research Articles

Mechanical characteristics of blended Renova®/polyester microfiber double cloth woven fabrics for active sportswear applications

Purpose This study aims to accommodate the mechanical characteristics that comply with the spectra of active sportswear by taking the innovative features of double-layered fabric (double cloth) and polyester yarn. The research focused on blending two types of polyester: Renova® and polyester microfiber with different weave structures in both face and back layers for fabricated fabrics. Force resistance was investigated through several properties, the mass per unit area and thickness properties were also considered. Design/methodology/approach The research was divided into two phases. The first phase included three samples with the same double cloth structure and different weft materials to detect the most preferable performance. The second phase included three samples with the same materials and different double cloth structures. Several mechanical properties were tested in accordance with standard test methods, and the results were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed using a chart line, an ANOVA test with a p-value = 0.05, a calculated least significant difference (value) and a radar chart area. Findings The results assigned that blending Renova®/polyester microfiber develops mechanical properties than using them individually, considering the increase in polyester microfiber ratio. The double cloth with different plain structures has a significantly different effect on the examined properties, except for elongation and thickness. Originality/value According to the radar chart area, the double cloth with a plain rib structure achieved better performance, and in the same vein, the results showed that the plain with a warp rib structure enhanced fabric behavior more than the weft rib.

Incorporating Variable Porosity into the Determination of Effective Permeability in Interchanging Double Cloth Woven Fabrics Using Darcy's Law.

Woven fabrics are widely used for thermal protection due to their porosity, which provides thermal insulation and breathability. This research focuses on investigating the influential parameters in the thermal protective properties of layer interchanging double cloth, including the woven structure and varying yarn fineness. The properties affecting the protective properties and comfort of multilayered woven fabrics include the fabric thickness, fabric porosity, and air permeability. Darcy's law is applicable for determining the effective air permeability of woven fabrics. By understanding and controlling fabric porosity, it becomes possible to develop thermal protective clothing that combines improved comfort, cost-efficiency, and effectiveness. This study represents a novel approach for the clarification of airflow permeability behavior in complex structures of elastic multilayer woven fabrics using Darcy's law. This innovative approach expands the understanding of permeability in fabrics beyond single-layer fabrics with vertical pores or 3D fabrics used in resin injection processes.

The Design and Development of Woven Textile Solar Panels.

Over the past few years, alternative power supplies to either supplement or replace batteries for electronic textile and wearable applications have been sought, with the development of wearable solar energy harvesting systems gaining significant interest. In a previous publication the authors reported a novel concept to craft a yarn capable of harvesting solar energy by embedding miniature solar cells within the fibers of a yarn (solar electronic yarns). The aim of this publication is to report the development of a large-area textile solar panel. This study first characterized the solar electronic yarns, and then analyzed the solar electronic yarns once woven into double cloth woven textiles; as part of this study, the effect of different numbers of covering warp yarns on the performance of the embedded solar cells was explored. Finally, a larger woven textile solar panel (510 mm × 270 mm) was constructed and tested under different light intensities. It was observed that a PMAX = 335.3 ± 22.4 mW of energy could be harvested on a sunny day (under 99,000 lux lighting conditions).

Estimation of permeability properties of technologically developed jacquard fabrics

The study investigated how certain design parameters affect the permeability properties of jacquard fabrics. Six woven samples were made on the same cotton warp and with the same loom setting. The fabrics were made from two different types of weft yarns (cotton and Lyocell Clima), in two different pattern sizes (with larger and smaller monochrome areas), and two groups of double twill weaves (self-stitched double cloth, interchanging double cloth). We proved the importance of the size and distribution of the pattern/motif, the type of weave and the type of yarns used in the jacquard fabrics and the influence they have on the permeability properties in close relation to the aesthetic function. All patterns with interchanging double weave have significantly higher air permeability than patterns with self-stitched weave. For thermal conductivity, the influence of the raw material and the size of the pattern/motif is obvious. For fabrics with patterns with larger geometric areas, where the presence of weft threads on the surface is greater, the thermal conductivity is higher. The pattern size, on the other hand, does not affect the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), unlike the raw material from which it is made.

Multifunctionality of Thermal Protective Layer Interchanging Double Cloth Conditioned by Influential Parameters.

The proportion of woven fabrics in the broad field of protective textiles is extremely high. By various procedures (surface treatments, fabric lamination, composite production), fabric properties that meet the requirements defined by standards are achieved. However, simultaneously, these procedures cause negative effects in the form of fabric thickness, stiffness, impermeability, non-breathability, and thus, discomfort. Therefore, there are valid and justified reasons to approach the design process of making such woven fabrics using more complex construction solutions-layer interchanging double cloth. In addition, by applying fibres with integrated desired properties and other structural fabric parameters, it is possible to influence the achievement of the properties of multi-purpose multilayer fabrics for protection, which is the aim of this research. The application and combination of aramid and modacrylic/cotton fibres and use of different yarn fineness resulted in different intensities of protection. The correlative values of mentioned parameters and thermal and thermo-physiological properties indicate their strong connection, and thus the effectiveness of the developed woven fabric samples.

TRIGGERED FACTORS OF GRINGSING TENGANAN DOUBLE IKAT COMMODIFICATION IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA

The double woven cloth of Gringsing, Tenganan, Karangasem Bali serves as a ritual medium in traditional, religious, marriage activities, is sacred, and weaving skills are inherited from generation to generation (habitus) from their ancestors. Globalization and the entry of the tourism industry have influenced the development of the Gringsing double ikat fabric. Development is carried out by commodifying form and meaning, so as to create products with new meanings. The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the factors that cause the commodification of double ikat fabrics in Gringsing Tenganan, Karangasem in the era of globalization. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The techniques used in data collection, namely observation techniques, in-depth interview techniques, and document studies. The collected data were analyzed using analytical techniques, verified (data display), and concluded in narratives, tables, photos, and charts. The theory used in this research is the commodification theory of Barker and Piliang. The results of the study, namely the commodification of double ikat fabrics in Gringsing Tenganan, Karangasem in the era of globalization occurred due to internal and external factors. Internal factors that support the commodification of the Gringsing double ikat fabric are the economic orientation of the Tenganan community, the orientation of equality and freedom of life as well as ideology and outlook on life. External factors such as globalization and tourism development in Tenganan Pagringsingan Village, Karangasem.
 Keywords: commodification, gringsing double ikat, globalization

Study on the float-control weaves application algorithms of computer-aided jacquard graph designing for different figured fabrics

In the graph designing of jacquard figured fabrics, it is essential to edit the motif outline perfectly as per the required shape. It also needed that the weave mark applied should control the long floats and should be avoided where there is no longer floats to retain the perfection of the edited outline. In the manual graph designing, the designer decides the types of weave marks given for controlling the floats and applies them in the selected parts. While applying the marks, he retains the perfection of boundary by avoiding the marks wherever it is not required. In the ‘Computer-Aided Jacquard Graph Designing’, sequences of steps are followed to avoid the binding weave marks in the required boundary of the motif. In this study, the different types of controlling of binding weave mark required while preparing the jacquard graph design for different figured fabric varieties viz. double cloth, extra warp, extra weft, and single cloth are analyzed. The possibilities of using the ‘all directional color contour option’ and ‘selective directional color contour option’ for the float control application of binding weaves in the jacquard graph designing to get a perfect boundary of figure and ground are explored. The algorithms followed for preparing the jacquard graph for different fabric varieties using these two contour options are developed. A new procedure is also derived to identify the corner pixels for preparing the graph for single cloth figured fabric using the ‘Selective directional color contour option’, ‘Layer merging option’, and ‘Transparent color option’. It is observed that the systematic use of the appropriate color contour option applies the binding weave marks only in the essential places and avoids it in the non-required edges and corners of the figure and ground portions of the jacquard graph design. Because of this, after applying the binding weave marks, the edited design boundary is retained without any distortion in shape. The float length is also controlled throughout the figure and ground as required. The algorithms derived in the study are useful for the flawless application of binding weave for any intricate figured graph designs.

Investigation of the damp-heating processing of multilayer fabric

With the global industrial technology development, technological processes in the textile and clothing industry areconstantly evolving. These rapid rates of development necessitate the need for continuous research and analysis toestablish optimal operating modes for various technological processes. The damp-heating processing/DHP is one of themain technological processes in the sewing industry. The quality of the sewing article depends to a large extent on thequality of the performance of operations in the damp-heating processing. The wide variety of textile materials, each withdifferent composition, structure and properties, is a prerequisite for conducting extensive research to refine manageablefactors of the DHP process. In recent years, textile materials with an increasingly complex structure and multi-component composition have become increasingly important. Of particular interest are the so-called double wovenfabrics. Therefore, the subject of this study is the damp-heating processing of an innovative textile fabric tissue –amultilayer weave type “double cloth”. One of the main controllable factors of the damp-heating processing is the amountof moisture introduced into the processed textile materials. The aim of this paper is to determine the limit values for theamount of steam used in the damp-heating processing of a tissue –a multilayer weave type “double cloth”.

Investigation of the damp-heating processing of multilayer fabric

With the global industrial technology development, technological processes in the textile and clothing industry areconstantly evolving. These rapid rates of development necessitate the need for continuous research and analysis toestablish optimal operating modes for various technological processes. The damp-heating processing/DHP is one of themain technological processes in the sewing industry. The quality of the sewing article depends to a large extent on thequality of the performance of operations in the damp-heating processing. The wide variety of textile materials, each withdifferent composition, structure and properties, is a prerequisite for conducting extensive research to refine manageablefactors of the DHP process. In recent years, textile materials with an increasingly complex structure and multi-component composition have become increasingly important. Of particular interest are the so-called double wovenfabrics. Therefore, the subject of this study is the damp-heating processing of an innovative textile fabric tissue –amultilayer weave type “double cloth”. One of the main controllable factors of the damp-heating processing is the amountof moisture introduced into the processed textile materials. The aim of this paper is to determine the limit values for theamount of steam used in the damp-heating processing of a tissue –a multilayer weave type “double cloth”.

Weave Structure Development to Improve the Current Design Capability for Double Cloth Fabrication via Digital Jacquard Weaving

This study aims to improve the current design capability for double cloth fabrication by exploring weave structures via digital Jacquard weaving. New double cloth weave structures are developed as follows. First, a basic plain weave structure is employed to explore a traditional double cloth weaving technique via digital Jacquard weaving. The core principle lies in a weave structure design that interweaves several sets of warps and wefts into separate layers. Second, based on the plain weave experiment result, a feasible weave structure for double cloth fabrication is expanded to a sateen to investigate its possibility to realize complex pictorial images on both sides of a fabric. As a sateen weave can generate varied lengths of thread floats in a stable condition, the weave structure is not only capable of generating delicate details of an image, but it also maintains an appropriate structural balance in production. Therefore, the basic form is developed into a shaded weave structure series to align with complex images in a double cloth format. To verify the relevance of the newly developed weave structures, it is essential to produce an actual Jacquard sample. This study explains the details of double cloth weave structure experiments necessary to improve the design capability via digital Jacquard weaving.

Peripheral oxygen saturation is not influenced by the use of face masks in exercise

In many cities worldwide the use of face masks in public spaces became mandatory to prevent dissemination of COVID-19. The closure of public parks, gymnasiums and other areas designed for the practice of physical exercise may contribute do inactivity. Objective: The aim of this experience report was to evaluate peripheral oxygen saturation with the use of different face masks at rest and at outdoor exercise. Methods: A single healthy female subject (41 years old, body mass index 18.5 kg/m2), experienced in outdoor jogging, was subjected to running sessions with 4 different types of face masks (surgical, double cloth, triple cloth and N95) and without mask, in 5 non-consecutive days. Sessions lasted 50 minutes, where 5,8km were covered at an average speed of 7km/h. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2, %) and heart rate (HR, bpm) were registered at rest, at every 5 minutes of exercise and after 5 minutes of recovery. Results: Data revealed that no desaturation occurred at any moment with any mask, even at high intensity. There were no differences in mean SpO2 or HR with either type of face mask during exercise when compared to the use of no mask. Conclusion: Setting aside the discomfort of training with face masks and the possible interference of this in performance, face masks seem not to prevent adequate gas exchange during exercise in healthy subjects.

The Effect of sewing techniques on functional and appearance Properties of double cloth

The aim of the research is to achieve the best standards of sewing double cloth in order to improve quality, efficiency and appearance of the product by examining the effect of some sewing techniques. Stitches were used (301, 516), seams were (

Development of Double Cloth Structure to Facilitate Versatile Application of Denim Fabric

Denim is the most popular dress material to any age of people. Day by day its demand increasing swiftly because of western life style and fashion has been accelerated with the trends of casualization across the globe. Nowadays, the present structure of denim (regular, stretch) cannot cover the versatile field of human needs owing to its comfort and stiffness problem. So it is very important to diversification of denim fabrics according to the customers demand and also acquisition the consumer. The main goal of the study is to develop double cloth structure in denim using 30s/1 and 20s/1 cotton (CW) yarn by some selected structures. Moreover, it will create new era by promoting versatility keeping with comfort factors. Here, some denim fabric has been manufactured by using double cloth structure that will give versatility and it affects thermo-physiological comfort. The warmth of a fabric has been found due to the trapping air into the structure and such applications like top garments, baby and kids wear, jacket, coat, cloth for winter season etc. Eventually, the samples have been tested and compared with regular denim on the basis of visual appearance, GSM, tensile strength, shrinkage and stiffness. The developed samples provided satisfactory level compared to regular. Most importantly, findings come due to dissipation the yarn into two layers along with finer count rather than regular denim.

The Construction Principle of Double Cloth

Abstract PDF Full-Text e-Pub Semi-moist or intermediate moisturized foods with water activity in the range of 0.60-0.85 are primarily susceptible to mold contamination and mite infestation. Additionally, cross contamination of pathogenic bacteria from food contact surfaces can occur in processing facilities. Synthetic preservatives, fumigants and chemical sanitizers had been traditionally used to mitigate these contaminants; however, they could be potentially unsafe for health and environment in the long term. There is an increasing demand from consumers for natural and clean label antimicrobials to replace these synthetic components. This paper presents a review of food safety issues in semi-moist foods and some of the natural and clean label mitigation strategies to enhance food safety and shelf-life.

The Construction Principle of Double Cloth and Its Properties

The Construction Principle of Double Cloth and Its Properties

大正期の服装改善運動で考案された広幅物を用いた和洋折衷服

大正期の服装改善運動で考案された広幅物を用いた和洋折衷服

A Research and Development on Jacquard Woven Fabric Design with Three Dimensional Surface Using Double Cloth Structure

A Research and Development on Jacquard Woven Fabric Design with Three Dimensional Surface Using Double Cloth Structure

Relief Effects of Woven Elastic Fabrics in View of Crafted Surfaces

The fashion silhouettes had been replaced by the material oriented hand-made looks of surfaces of the textile materials after the 1980s when the plurality of styles started to appear in fashion industry. Textile designers have begun to explore relief effects taking their inspirations from traditional craft techniques of pleating, printing, crochet, shibori and smocking. Nowadays, crafted textiles are highly popular due to their distinctive prominent appearance, hi this study, a survey is executed to obtain relief effects on pictorial fabric surfaces by using elastic yarns combined with yarns of low elasticity, and with different weave structures such as brocade, double cloth, and overshot on hand jacquard weaving loom. As the pieces are hand-woven on jacquard loom, they reveal the weaver's respect to the craft of weaving. The paper concludes with the presentation of fabrics for use as clothing and with implications for fashion design.

Improved performance of CEA microbial fuel cells with increased reactor size

The performance of an over 10 times larger microbial fuel cell (MFC) with double cloth electrode assemblies (CEAs) during 63 days of continuous operation demonstrates that the excellent performance of CEA-MFCs can be further improved during scale-up. With a new separator material and U-shaped current collectors, the larger MFC produced a maximum power density of 4.30 W m−2 at a current density of 16.4 A m−2, corresponding to a volumetric power density of 2.87 kW m−3 at 10.9 kA m−3 for a double CEA-MFC. The high current density led to a high average coulombic efficiency (CE) of 83.5% as well as a high potential COD removal rate of 93.5 kg m−3 d−1. Energy efficiency is estimated in the range of 21–35%, depending on the operating voltage. The low-cost non-woven cloth separator further reduced the anode–cathode spacing and internal resistance, greatly enhancing the power generation. The enhanced self-production of bicarbonate buffer, which can be manipulated by adjusting hydraulic retention time and substrate concentration, also contributed to the improved performance. The results demonstrate the great potential of MFC technology in competing with methanogenic anaerobic digestion for waste-to-electricity and wastewater treatment.

Scotch carpets at Stirling: Thomas Gilfillan's Cash Book and Ledger 1764 - 1770

Scotch carpets were a popular form of domestic furnishing for close to 200 years. The name suggests that this kind of pile-less, reversible, woollen double cloth, used as a floor covering, was widely sold outside Scotland. It was also known as Ingrain carpet and made at Kidderminster and several places in the north of England and in Ireland, from the 18th century onwards. Thomas Gilfillan's business books provide rare and early documentary evidence of a working carpet manufactory and raise questions about whether this style of carpet was part of a wider tradition centred in the wool-manufacturing areas of England or an example of a more local tradition.