Dose Of Sesame Oil Research Articles

Daily sesame oil supplementation attenuates local renin-angiotensin system via inhibiting MAPK activation and oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by which increases cardiac morbidity and mortality. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and oxidative stress are important in RAS-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. Sesame oil, a potent antioxidant, attenuates hypertension-dependent LVH. We examined the protective role of sesame oil on RAS-mediated MAPK activation and oxidative stress in rats. We induced LVH using a hypertensive model by subcutaneously injecting deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA; 15 mg/ml/kg in mineral oil; twice weekly for 5 weeks) and supplementing with 1% sodium chloride drinking water (DOCA/salt) to uninephrectomized rats. Sesame oil was gavaged (0.5 or 1 ml/kg/day for 7 days) after 4 weeks of DOCA/salt treatment. Cardiac histopathology, RAS parameters, expression of MAPKs, reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation were assessed 24 h after the last dose of sesame oil. Sesame oil significantly decreased the size of cardiomyocytes and the levels of cardiac renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II. In addition, sesame oil down-regulated the expression of angiotensin type 1 receptor, JNK and p38 MAPK and apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1, c-Fos and c-Jun in rats receiving DOCA/salt. Furthermore, the induction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical and lipid peroxidation by DOCA/salt were inhibited by sesame oil. Sesame oil modulates cardiac RAS to ameliorate LVH by inhibiting MAPK activation and lowering oxidative stress.

Abstract 2720: Toll-like receptor 4 immunoreactivity in mammary tumors chemically induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats

Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential type I transmembrane glycoproteins that play a major role in inflammation and innate immune system. TLRs have been investigated in cancer research due to their dual role in tumor progression. The TLRs signaling pathways can promote survival, cell proliferation and apoptosis and its stimulation may either enhance or inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. The role of TLR4 in cancer biology has been studied but the direct relation between TLR4 and development of many cancer types, including breast cancer, is still obscure. Thus, more studies about TLR4 expression in breast cancer can help to better understanding the involvement of TLR4 in this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of TLR4 in a rat mammary carcinogenesis model. At 51 days of age, female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups: Groups 1 and 2 (n = 12 each) were initiated for mammary carcinogenesis by a single i.g. dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) (80mg/kg) and Group 3 (n = 6) received a single i.g. dose of sesame oil (DMBA vehicle, 1 ml/kg). Also, group 2 received five s.c. injections per week of Tamoxifen (100 μg/kg) and groups 1 and 2 received similar injections of sesame oil (Tamoxifen vehicle, 0.5 ml/kg) during 12 weeks. At week 13, the animals were euthanized and mammary tumor (groups 1 and 2) and non-altered mammary glands (group 3) were collected and processed for histophatological analysis and TLR4 expression by immunohistochemistry. The TLR4 expression was classified as weak, moderate or strong and the incidence of intensity scores in tumor samples/group was analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Significant differences when p<0.05. Most of mammary tumors were classified as adenocarcinomas with tubular, papillary, cribriform or mixed patterns. Also, the tumors presented an expansive growth pattern with local invasive areas but without metastasis. Besides, a tumor inflammatory response was more intensively observed in G2. The immunoreactivity for TLR4 was significantly stronger in non-altered alveolar and ductal epithelial cells (G1) than in mammary tumor epithelial cells (groups 1 and 2) (p< 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively). The TLR4 immunoreactivity was more intense in mammary tumor epithelial cells from tamoxifen-treated group than in positive control group (G1), but without a significant difference. In the tumor stroma the positivity for TLR4 was observed mainly in mononuclear inflammatory cells, showing a strong positivity for this marker in groups G1 and G2 when compared to the stromal cells from non-altered mammary tissue (G1, p = 0.028, p< 0,001). This present study show that there is a significant reduction in TLR4 expression in tumor epithelial cells when compared to the normal compartment in this rat DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis model. Besides, the intensity of the inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment can alter the immunoreactivity for TLR4. Citation Format: Joyce Regina Zapaterini, Muriele Bertagna Varuzza, Nelci Antunes Moura, Maria Aparecida Marchesan Rodrigues, Luis Fernando Barbisan. Toll-like receptor 4 immunoreactivity in mammary tumors chemically induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2720. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2720

Putative antioxidant property of sesame oil in an oxidative stress model of myocardial injury

BackgroundSesame oil is a potent antioxidant dietary source for human health. Oxidative stress through generation of free radicals damages the myocardium in different experimental condition. The present research was designed to evaluate the antioxidant property of chronic oral administration of sesame oil against isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. Methods and resultsMale Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6) and treated as per treatment protocol with two different doses of sesame oil (5 and 10 ml/kg b.w.) orally for thirty days. At the end of the treatment all the rats (except control rats) were administered with isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) two consecutive days and subjected to biochemical and histopathological estimation. Isoproterenol (group ISO) induced the oxidative myocardial damage via alteration in the endogenous antioxidant enzymes and myocardial marker enzymes. Sesame oil in both the dose (group S1 and S2) shows protective mechanism via decreasing thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and enhancing the endogenous antioxidant enzymes (reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase). Sesame oil also increased the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate transaminase (AST) as a myocardial marker enzyme in heart homogenate. As histologically evident isoproterenol induced myocardial injury was well preserved by the chronic administration of sesame oil. The protective role of sesame oil was compared with the reference standard α-tocopherol (group S3) also showing the similar effect. ConclusionFrom this finding it has been concluded that chronic administration of sesame oil offers cardio protective action via putative antioxidant property.

Sesame Oil Therapeutically Ameliorates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating Hypokalemia in Hypertensive Rats

Hypokalemia and hypertension are common manifestations of preclinical cardiovascular conditions that have a predictive value for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiac hypertrophy, an important risk factor in heart failure, is attributed to long-term hypokalemia and hypertension. Sesame oil is rich in nutrients and possesses potent antihypertensive activities. We investigated the therapeutic potential of sesame oil using a hypertensive model created by subcutaneously injecting deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA; 15 mg/mL/kg in mineral oil; twice weekly for 5 weeks) and supplementing with 1% sodium chloride drinking water (DOCA/salt) to uninephrectomized rats. Sesame oil was administered by oral gavage (0.5 or 1 mL/kg/d for 7 days) after 4 weeks of DOCA/salt treatment. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), electrocardiography (ECG), and K(+) and Mg(2+) levels were assessed 24 hours after the last dose of sesame oil. Heart tissue was collected for histologic analysis. Sesame oil effectively reduced the SBP/DBP and ECG abnormalities and increased the serum levels of K(+) and Mg(2+) while limiting the urinary excretion of K(+) in DOCA/salt-induced hypertensive rats. In addition, sesame oil decreased the heart mass, the thickness of the left ventricle, and the diameter of cardiomyocytes, indicating the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in the hypertensive rats. We demonstrate that sesame oil therapeutically ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy by regulating hypokalemia in hypertensive rats.

Sesame oil protects against hepatic injury via the inhibition of neutrophil activation in thioacetamide-treated rats

Thioacetamide (TAA) is a potent hepatotoxicant in acute and chronic hepatic injury. The study examined the protective effect of sesame oil against TAA-induced hepatic injury in rats. Hepatic injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg of TAA for 24 h. Triple doses of sesame oil (1, 2, or 4 mL/kg) was given orally 0, 6, and 12 h after TAA treatment. TAA significantly increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Sesame oil decreased serum AST and ALT levels and significantly inhibited hepatic lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels compared with TAA-alone group. Further, sesame oil significantly inhibited TAA-induced hepatic neutrophil activation marker myeloperoxidase activity. However, sesame oil did not affect hepatic tumor necrosis factor, IL-1β and IL-10 generation in TAA-treated group. In conclusion, sesame oil protects against TAA-induced hepatic injury and oxidative stress via the inhibition of neutrophil activation. However, inflamm...

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of a Subcutaneous Injection of Sesame Oil Against Iron‐Induced Acute Renal Injury in Mice

Iron intoxication causes acute nephrotoxicity in animals and humans. Sesame oil, a healthful food, increases resistance to lipid peroxidation and protects against multiple organ injury in various animal models. The authors examined the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of a subcutaneous injection of sesame oil against iron-induced acute renal injury in mice. Iron intoxication in mice was induced with an intraperitoneal injection (2 mg/kg) of ferric-nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA). Various doses of sesame oil (0, 1, 2, and 4 mL/kg, subcutaneously) were given immediately after (prophylactic) or 30 minutes after (therapeutic) the Fe-NTA injection. Renal injury was assessed by the rise in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) levels 3 hours after the Fe-NTA injection. One hour after the Fe-NTA injection, serum BUN and CRE levels were significantly higher in Fe-NTA-treated mice than in saline-treated controls; 3 and 6 hours after the Fe-NTA injection, they were dose-dependently and significantly lower in all sesame oil-treated groups than in the group treated only with Fe-NTA and saline. A subcutaneous injection of sesame oil had both prophylactic and therapeutic effects against iron-induced acute renal injury in mice.

Immunohistochemical detection of gonadotropin-like material in the pituitary of brown hagfish ( Paramyxine atami) correlated with their gonadal functions and effect of estrogen treatment

Since hagfish are members of the most primitive group of living vertebrates, studies on their reproduction are indispensable for understanding phylogenetic aspects of vertebrate reproductive system. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the reproductive physiology of the hagfish, especially of the pituitary–gonadal axis, is almost completely lacking. In the present study, the relationship between the amount of immunoreactive gonadotropin (GTH)-like material in the pituitary gland and gonadal conditions was examined in the brown hagfish, Paramyxine atami. First, pituitary sections were stained immunohistochemically with anti-ovine LHβ, and the degrees of the accumulation of GTH-like material were compared among three different groups of gonadal conditions; juveniles and adults with and without developing gonads. Immunoreactive GTH-like material was heavily accumulated in adults with developing gonads, whereas it was not or only weakly accumulated in juveniles or adults without developing gonads. Thus, there was a strong positive correlation between the amount of GTH-like material and gonadal conditions. Second, effect of estradiol benzoate on GTH-like material was examined using three groups of juvenile hagfish: initial control, sham control, and experimental animals. Experimental animals received estradiol benzoate resolved in sesame oil intraperitoneally every third day for 1 month, whereas sham control animals received the same doses of sesame oil. GTH-like material was heavily or moderately accumulated in most estrogen-treated animals, whereas it was not or weakly accumulated in initial or sham control animals. Thus, estrogen treatment in juvenile hagfish resulted in the large increase in the amount of GTH-like material. From these results, it is suggested the presence of not only GTH but also the hypophysial–gonadal feedback system in the hagfish.