Dose Of NPK Fertilizer Research Articles

PENGARUH PUPUK NPK DAN NANO PESTISIDA SERAIWANGI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.)

Experiments on the influence of NPK fertilizers and citronella pesticides nano on the growth and yield of red chili (Capsimum annuum L.) were carried out on dry land in Korong Pasar Baru village, Nansabaris District, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra from February - June 2020. The research objective was to determine the interaction of NPK fertilizer and citronella pesticide on growth, yield and disease attack rates in red chilies. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was the dosage of NPK fertilizer consisting of 3 levels, namely: 0 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, and 150 kg/ha. The second factor is the concentration of citronella pesticide nano, namely: 0 ml/L, 3 ml/L, 6 ml/L and 9 ml/L. Based on the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that NPK fertilizers and citronella pesticides can increase the growth and yield of chili plants and suppress curly disease 83.4%.

Growth and Yield of Rice Planted in a Tidal Soil Under NPK in situ and Cow Manure Application

The specific location fertilization or in situ fertilization rate is a dynamic application and management method dynamically adapted to the plant’s need according to location and season related to soil chemical properties and aims to increase farmer profit. This greenhouse experiment aimed to evaluate the NPK fertilizer dose based on in situ soil chemistry of tidal swamp compared to NPK recommendation combined with cow manure from the local farm. These pot experiments were conducted from June to October 2019 in a Greenhouse of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra. This experiment used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was NPK fertilizer rate consisting of two levels (200 kg ha-1 Urea, 100 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 100 kg ha-1 KCl) from recommended fertilizer, and (102 kg ha-1 Urea, 0 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 66 kg ha-1 KCl) from the in situ soil analysis. The second factor was cow manure with four levels (2, 6, 8, and 10 Mg ha-1). The result showed that recommended NPK combined with 10 Mg ha-1 cow manure was the best for rice production in tidal lowland and produced 2.5 Mg ha-1. However, this result was not significant compared to NPK specific locations combined with the same rate of cow manure.

Growth and Yield of Okra Using Bio-Stimulant of Golden Apple Snails Extracts and Fertilizer on Ultisol

Cultivation of okra on ultisol soils having poor physical, chemical and biological soil properties can be improved by administering a bio-stimulant extract of golden snails and combined with NPK fertilizer. This research objective was to study a combination of bio-stimulant treatment of golden apple snail extract and NPK fertilizer dosage in increasing the growth and yield of okra on ultisol soil. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was Bio-stimulant golden apple snails extract consisting of 4 treatment, and the second factor was levels of NPK fertilizer consisting of 3 treatment. Fertilizers had a significant effect on increasing overall plant growth. The bio-stimulant extracts of golden apple snails contain organic materials that can improve physical properties (increasing aggregation, moisture retention, soil hydraulic conductivity), chemical (increasing soil organic carbon content) and biology (increasing soil microbial biomass). The nutrient content in NPK fertilizers can increase nutrients; the availability of nutrients in the soil is balanced and can be absorbed by plants so that the photosynthesis process in plants can run well and increase on growth and yield of okra. The combination of bio-stimulant extract of golden apple snails of 20 mL/L water and NPK fertilizer of 150 kg/ha (1 g/polybag) had the highest resulted in the average value of growth and yield of okra on the ultisol soils.

Effect of NPK Fertilization Method on the Physiology and Fruit Products of Myristica fragrans in North Maluku, Indonesia

Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the optimal fertilizing method and NPK fertilizer dosage for plant physiology and nutmeg yield.
 Study Design: The experimental design was a completely randomized block design (CRBD) in a 4x3 factorial arrangement with three replicates. The first factor was four NPK fertilizer doses: 1, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5kg NPK (15:15:15)/tree/year. The second factor was the manner of fertilizer application: (1) fertilized in spot, (2) fertilized in-furrow trenches trunked and (3) fertilized in hole.
 Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in Tobelo North Halmahera (1°44'45.3"-1°44'54.4" N, 127°59'54.4"-127°59'53.2" E), North Maluku, Indonesia from January 2019 to May 2020.
 Methodology: The nutmeg trees used was 30 years old. The population of trees plants in the study area was 40 trees. Observation parameters on leaves are chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrate reductase activity (NRA), N, P, K, proline content, number of young and old fruits.
 Results: The fertilization treatment with the fertilizer application method into the crack/hole fertilizer with a dose of 2.5 kg NPK significantly produced high levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll of leaves and old fruit. The number of old fruits is positively correlated with chlorophyll a content (0.615*), chlorophyll b (0.663*), total chlorophyll (0.634*) and number of young fruits (0.748 **). The application of fertilizer hole produces plants that recover quickly from drought stress, as evidenced by the highest proline content.
 Conclusion: NPK fertilization using the hole method and at doses of 2.0-2.5 kg/tree/year are recommended for improving plant physiology and yield.

Enhancing bush beans quality by applying Brown Algae (Ascophyllum sp) organic fertilizer

Agriculture could be a solution for climate change by the widespread adoption of mitigation and adaptation actions. This happens with the help of best management practices such as organic fertilizer. The types of organic fertilizer will affect beans’ production and their quality characteristics, both physically and their nutrient content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brown algae extracts as organic fertilizer applied to bush beans’ quality. The study was conducted in October 2017, on IVEGRI’s experimental field, Lembang, Indonesia about 1200 m above sea level. The experiment used 10 treatments and 3 replications), which were a variation dose of NPK and Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF). The physical and chemical characteristics of testing consisted of length, diameter, texture, water content, TSS, fibre, and vitamin C. The quantitative and qualitative analyses were used to determine the beans’ shelf life. Freshness test parameters were consisting of colour, texture, and appearance. Panelists provided a score of 1 (strongly like) to 5 (strongly dislike). Data were statistically analysed, followed by Tukey’s test (5%). The results showed that LOF with standard NPK dosage can increase vitamin C and fiber content of bush beans. Higher LOF dose usage can reduce the change rate of bush beans’ quality on shelf life. LOF from brown algae can reduce the chemical fertilizers used in the soil, so it will slowly create environmentally friendly vegetable production.

Performance of paddy crop in swampland under organic pellet fertilization from Azolla and vermicompost

This study aimed to examine the effect of applying organic pellet fertilizers from vermicompost and Azolla using coal fly ash as an adhesive on paddy crop response in swampland. The research was performed in a pot experiment using a completely randomized factorial design with two treatment factors. The organic pellet fertilizer doses were: 0 ton ha-1 (a control); 10 ton ha-1; 20 ton ha-1; and 30 ton ha-1 as the first factor. In the second factor, the different NPK fertilizer dose was applied: the absence of NPK fertilizer as a control; 0.5 and 1 time of the recommended dose. The results showed that the application of organic pellet fertilizer significantly improved soil pH but not significant on soil organic C and N levels. There was tendency of increased on soil pH, C-organic, and N-total with the increased doses of organic pellet fertilizers applied. The NPK fertilizer application significantly improved plant height, tiller number and plant biomass as the dose were rised up. The organic pellet fertilizer application significantly improved plant height, number of tillers, and plant biomass. Applying organic pellet fertilizer at a dose of 10 tons ha-1 should be sufficient as no further improvement with the increasing doses.

Effect of boron fertilization on soil chemical properties, nutrients status in the soil and yield of crops under cauliflower-cowpea okra sequence in North East India

ABSTRACT This field investigation was conducted to assess the implication of the direct and residual effect of the applied differential level of boron on the dynamics of the soil chemical properties, nutrient status in soil and yield of crops under cauliflower–cowpea-okra cropping sequence in an Inceptisol of North East India. The imposed treatments comprise five levels of boron viz., 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 & 2.0 kg ha−1 with four replications. To assess the direct effect of boron fertilization in soil, cauliflower crop was grown as a test crop. While for further assessment of concomitant residual effects of boron fertilization, cowpea and okra were grown as a test crop wherein boron fertilization was phased out in both the crops. The recommended dose of NPK fertilizer along with FYM was uniformly applied to all the crops in the cropping sequence. The experimental findings showed that amongst the applied differential levels of boron, application of 2 kg B ha−1 was realized as the most prominent boron dose responsible for increasing the maximum content of soil chemical properties, nutrient status in soil and yield of crops while the control plots recorded the lowest for all the three crops in the sequence. Principal component analysis executed in respect of soil chemical properties and soil nutrient status in cauliflower-cowpea-okra sequence explained the data variation to the tune of 77.03%, 76.52% and 70.74% of the total variability. Similarly, multiple linear regressions performed to figure out the best fitting model showed that response variable potassium attributed the highest up to 52.05% in augmenting yield of cauliflower while nitrogen accounted for 72.04% in cowpea and zinc contributed 89.55% in okra, respectively. Overall, the present findings indicated thatapplication of 2 kg B ha-1 was found to be the best treatment in improving the soil chemical properties, nutrient status in soil and yield of crops under cauliflower–cowpea- okra cropping sequence.

The incorporation of lime and NPK fertilizer on shallot production in peat soil

High acidity level and low nutrient availability are the most challenging factors of shallot production in peat soils. The purpose of this study was to find out the best lime material and the level of NPK fertilizer on shallot production in peat soil in Central Borneo, Indonesia. The experiment used was a Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot was three types of lime material: 3 t ha−1 dolomite, 3 t ha−1 agriculture limestone and 1.5 t ha−1 calcium hydroxide. The subplots were ten combinations of NPK fertilizers. The results showed that lime materials and doses of NPK fertilizer had a significant effect on shallot growth and yield. Hydrated lime doses 1.5 t ha−1 and NPK fertilizer dose 100 kg N ha−1, 100 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 100 kg K2O ha−1 gave the highest bulb yield (7 t ha−1) compared to other trials. However, this bulb yield was lower compared to different adaptive cultivars from previous studies. Further experiments using higher levels of lime and adapted varieties are necessary to get the optimum bulb yield.

Effectiveness of biofertilizer formula on soil chemical properties and shallot productivity in tidal swamp land

Low productivity is one of the main problems to increase shallot productivity in tidal swamp lands. Biofertilizer is an alternative to increase soil fertility, plant productivity, inorganic fertilizer efficiency, and decrease environmental pollution. The aim of this research was to test the biofertilizer formula containing decomposer (Trichoderma sp), P-solubilizer (Bacillus sp), and N-fixer (Azospirillium sp and Azotobacter sp) to increase soil chemical properties and shallot productivity in tidal swamp lands. This research was conducted from July – September 2018 in Wanaraya District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan. The treatments involved (A) No fertilizer, (B) NPK (recommendation dose), (C) Biofertilizer, (D) Biofertilizer + NPK (50% of recommended dose), (E) Biofertilizer + NPK (75% of recommended dose). The treatment was arranged by randomized completely block design with four replications. Recommended dose of NPK fertilizer was NPK compound 500 kg ha−1, SP-36 150 kg ha−1, dan KCl 200 kg ha−1. Research results showed that biofertilizer formula combined by inorganic NPK fertilizer as much as 50 to 75 % of recommended dose could increase soil chemical properties and yielded as much as 2.39 to 6.19% compared to NPK fertilizer with recommended dose. For further development, this biofertilizer need to be tested at several locations with broader plot size.

The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) Made from Rabbit Urine and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L. Subsp. chinensis)

Fertilizer is one of the most important needs for plants. Fertilizing can be done by using inorganic fertilizers or organic fertilizers. Long term fertilizing by using inorganic fertilizers without adding the organic matter could potentially reduce soil fertility and lead to not optimal growth of the plant. This study aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from rabbit urine, NPK fertilizer, and the combination of both fertilizers on the growth of bok choy, and to determine the best fertilizer dosage for the growth of bok choy. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 2 factors, the dose of rabbit urine LOF and dose of NPK fertilizer; 4 dosage levels each in triplicates. Data was analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT Test. The results indicates that the application of LOF made from rabbit urine, NPK fertilizer, and the combination of both fertilizers increases plant height, leaves number, leaf area, wet weight, dry weight, and chlorophyll total of bok choy. DMRT (a 5%) test shows the best dosage applied for enhancing growth parameter are 6 ml of LOF plus 0,4 gram of NPK for plant height, wet weight, and dry weight, the 4 ml of LOF plus 0,6 gram of NPK for leaves number and leaf area, and the 4 ml of LOF plus 0,4 gram NPK for chlorophyll total.

Effects of the Selected Combination of Boron and Zinc in Presence of Different Doses of NPK Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Okra Seed

The experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Research Centre of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, during April to September 2013to investigate the effects of boron, zinc, and NPK on the yield and quality of okra seed subjected to improve the micronutrient management practices on quality seed production. There were four levels of boron and zinc (0 kg B + 0 kg Zn/ha, 1.5 kg B + 2.0 kg Zn/ha, 2.0 kg B + 4.0 kg Zn/h and 2.5 kg B + 6.0 kg Zn/ha) and three levels of NPK fertilizers (50% less than the recommended dose of NPK, recommended dose of NPK and 50% more than the recommended dose of NPK). Different selected levels of boron and zinc application separately and in combination with NPK fertilizers influenced the yield and quality of okra seed. Application of 2 kg B/ha and 4 kg Zn/ha in combination with the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers demonstrated the highest seed yield (2.69 t/ha), seed germination (97.00%), seedling vigour index (2845.01) and seed protein content (19.89%) whereas the lowest seed yield (1.93 t/ha.), seed germination (78.50%), seedling vigour index (1953.86) and seed protein content (16.30%) were found from 0 kg B/ha and 0 kg Zn/ha with 50% less than the recommended dose of NPK application. Maximum yield and good quality of okra seed can be obtained from the application of 2 kg B and 4 kg Zn/ha, in combination with the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers.

Effect of different doses of NPK fertilizer on rainfed shallow low land rice

A field experiment was laid out at Crop Research Station, Ghaghraghat, (ANDUAT), Bahraich, U.P. to evaluate the effect of different nutrients (N) level on agronomic traits of newly developed rainfed shallow lowland rice varities. The experiment was comprised of five rice genotypes viz., IET 26692, Dhanrasi, Pooja, Savithri and Sambha-Sub 1 and two levels of NPK viz., 60:30:30 and 90:45:45 kg/ha. In this trial, 150% of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) was found to be promising and also exhibited higher nutrient recovery efficiency. IET 26692 was found to be promising in terms of grain yield and nutrient response at the location. Among the genotypes maximum grain yield was recorded for IET 26692 (3.63t/ha RDF & 3.94 t/ha of 150% RDF) followed by Sambha-Sub1 (3.22t/ha RDF & 3.28 of 150% DF). The study showed that yield of rice. Increases under elevated 150% of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF).

Rhizobacterial inoculation in combination with mineral fertilizer improves maize growth and yield in poor ferruginous soil in central Benin.

The use of biotechnological approaches to increase soil fertility and productivity allows to obtain sustainable agriculture with lesser use of chemical fertilizers. The present study aimed to determine whether the inoculation of Bacillus panthothenicus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas syringae, or Serratia marcescens combined with reduced doses of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilizer can improve the growth and yield of maize on poor ferruginous soils under field conditions in central Benin. For this purpose, maize seeds of the EVDT 97 STR C1 variety were inoculated with 10 ml suspension of five plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains, and the plots were fertilized at seeding with the recommended doses (0, 25, 50, 100%) of 200 kg/ha of NPK and 100 kg of urea for corn cultivation. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with 3 replicates. The results showed that except for P. syringae , which induced the highest fresh aerial biomass (94.51%) and dry aerial biomass (63.63%), all other parameters were positively improved with inoculation associated with reduced doses of NPK + urea. The best height, leaf area, fresh underground biomass, and grain yield were recorded in response to the application of P. syringae + 50% NPK + urea, with an increase of 26.82, 32.23, 107.57, and 30.64%, respectively, compared to those of the control. The inoculation of seeds with P. syringae + 50% NPK + urea can be considered to be an environmentally sustainable strategy for maize cultivation.

Effect of Silicon Application on Growth, Yield and Uptake of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Two Different Soils

Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of silicon application on growth, yield and uptake of rice plant, to observe the response of silicon fertilization in relation to two different soils and to evaluate the optimum rate of silicon fertilizer for rice production in each soil during dry and wet season, 2019 at Department of Soil and Water Science, YAU. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications. The main plots were soil types; Shwebo and Yezin soils and sub plots were levels of silicon with Si 0, Si 100, Si 150, Si 200 and Si 250 kg·ha-1. Urea, T-super and Potash fertilizers were applied at recommended dose of DAR (85:12:31 kg·ha-1 NPK). The calcium silicate fertilizer was used as a silicon source. In dry season, Shwebo soil provided the higher tiller numbers, grain yield, straw yield and nutrient uptake than Yezin soil. In both seasons, panicle numbers per hill were higher in Shwebo soil and panicle length and spikelets per panicle were higher in Yezin soil. The effect of silicon application on grain yield and Si uptake was found in the second season. The maximum grain yield was achieved from the application of Si 250 kg·ha-1 which was not statistically different from the application of Si 200 kg·ha-1. According to this study, the application of Si 200 kg·ha-1 in combination with the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers could be used to give the optimum grain yield in two soils. Silicon uptake of rice was significantly increased by all the silicon levels compared to control in two soils. A significant interaction was not observed in all parameters in this study.

Response of growth and production of potato plants to application of NPK fertilizer

Fertilizer is one of the determining factors for the success of potato cultivation. Various types of fertilizers have been produced, but those that are suitable for regional conditions in North Sulawesi do not yet exist. The decreasing of potato production in North Sulawesi is due to the limited use of quality and certified seeds, as well as inappropriate fertilizer dosages. This research objective was to see the effect of NPK fertilization on the production of Medians potato plants. The research was conducted from August to December 2020, in Rurukan Village, East Tomohon District, Tomohon City, North Sulawesi. The experimental design used was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven treatments, namely the NPK fertilizer dosage of 0 kg ha-1 (P0), 150 kg ha-1 (P1), 300 kg ha-1 (P2), 450 kg ha-1 (P3), 600 kg ha-1 (P4), 750 kg ha-1 (P5) and 900 kg ha-1 (P6). Each treatment was repeated three times and resulting in 21 treatment plots. The results showed that application of NPK fertilizer of 450 kg ha-1 resulted the highest yields on the components of weight of fresh plant, tuber diameter, and potato productivity.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa dan Pupuk NPK Terhadap Hama dan Penyakit pada Padi Gogo

Pest and disease control for the upland rice cultivation needs to be done ecologically with the proper dose of fertilizer. Coconut shell as natural waste can be converted into wood vinegar which is useful for a biopesticide. The application of coconut shell wood vinegar as biopesticide combined with different NPK fertilizer doses needs to be examined in controlling pests and diseases in the upland rice crop. The objective of this study was to know the effect of NPK fertilizer rate and coconut shell wood vinegar application on pests (locusts and leaf folder), and on pathogen infection (Cercospora) on upland rice. The experiment was conducted in Klampok Sub-district, Banjarnegara Regency from April to July 2017. A split plot design was used replicated three times. The main plot was NPK fertilizers viz. 50% and 100% recommendation dosage, and the sub plots were concentration of coconut shell wood vinegar viz. 0% 1%; 1.25%; 1.67%; 2.5% and 5%. The intensity of pest attack, namely locusts and leaf folder, and pathogen infection of Cercospora brown spot disease were observed. Results showed that application of coconut shell wood vinegar suppressed the intensity of locust and leaf folder pests, and lower the intensity of Cercospora pathogen infection. To reduce the intensity of pests and pathogenic infections in upland rice, the application of coconut shell wood vinegar is suggested along with the use of low dose of NPK, for more effective and efficient pest control in environmentally friendly manner.

Vegetative Growth of Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Due to Different Dose of Bokashi and NPK Fertilizer

Pakcoy is one of popular vegetable croop in Indonesia. Effort to increase the growth of pakcoy can be done by fertilizing. Research on the vegetative growth of fakcoy due to different dosages of bokashi and NPK fertilizer has been carried out in Terong Tawah Village, Wes Lombok Regency. The objectives of this research were to determaine: (1) vegetatif growth of pakcoy due to different dose of bokashi, (2) vegetatif growth of pakcoy due to different dose of NPK fertilizer, (3) the effect of the interaction between bokashi and NPK fertilizer on pakcoy growth. In this research a two factor design was used. The first factor was the dose of bokashi and the second was the dose of NPK fertilizer. The growth parameters were plant height, number of leaves, leaf lenght and leaf width of pakcoy. The research data was analyzed using analaysis of variance. The result showed that: (1) different dose of bokashi significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, leaf lenght and leaf width of pakcoy, (2) different dose of NPK fertilizer significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, leaf lenght and leaf width of pakcoy, (3) interaction between bokashi and NPK fertilizer has no significant effect on all measured growth parameters.

Maximizing yields and economics by supplementing additional nutrients for commercially grown menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) cultivars

Supplementation of nutrients plays a vital role in the growth yields and quality attributes of the crops. An experiment and demo trials were conducted in CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) research farm and at farmers’ field(s) simultaneously, to study the adequacy of additional nutrients application in menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L. cv. Kosi and Kranti) for improving productivity and profitability. Results of both trials clearly indicated that NPK (recommended dose) and micronutrients based fertilizers eventually leads to accrue the net income. Commercially grown menthol mint farmers benefitted by consequently improvising fresh herbage, oil content, oil yield, gross returns, net income and benefit-cost ratio (B:C ratio) (50.86%, 3.45%, 55.04%, 55.04%, 207.80%, and 50.75%, respectively in cv. Kosi) in treatment T4 [NPK (100:60:40 kg ha−1) + ZnSO4.7H2O @ 25 kg ha−1)] concerning the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers T1 [NPK (100:60:40 kg ha−1)]. Simultaneously, for the second demo trial, conducted in the farmer’s fields, forty two farmers were selected for the cultivation of menthol mint. From the results, it was revealed that recommended dose of NPK fertilizers with the addition of zinc sulphate found significantly maximum yield and net returns in the plots; an increase of oil yields, gross returns, net income, and B:C ratio was 37.05%, 37.05%, 111.18%, and 32.88%, respectively in T2 [NPK (100:60:40 kg ha−1) + ZnSO4.7H2O @ 25 kg ha−1)]. Data attained from soil analysis distinctly showed that moreover increasing the yields and return of menthol mint cultivation, the integration of vermicompost, macro-micro nutrients, and bio inoculants with the recommended dose of NPK remarkably upgrades the soil fertility status in terms of organic carbon, available N, P, and K.

Effect of Rabbit Compost and NPK on The Growth and Yield of Zucchini (Cucurbita Pepo L.)

This study aims to determine the effect of the type of rabbit compost and the dose of NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of zucchini plants. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors, namely: The first factor is rabbit compost (K) which consists of 4 levels of treatment, namely: K0 = 0 tonnes / ha, K1 = 10 tonnes / ha, K2 = 20 tonnes / ha, K3 = 30 tonnes / ha. The second factor, NPK pearl fertilizer dosage (D) consists of 4 levels, namely: D0 = 0 kg / ha-1, D1 = 100 kg / ha-1, D2 = 200 kg / ha-1, D3 = 300 kg / ha -1. Thus, there were 16 combination treatments, each of which was repeated 3 times so that there were 48 experimental plots. The research data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance. For a single treatment that has a real to very real effect, it is followed by the BNT test at 5% level, the results showed that the interaction between rabbit compost dose and NPK (KxD) had no significant effect (P≥0.05) on all variables. The highest fresh fruit weight was obtained at the rabbit compost dose of 30 tons / ha (K3), namely 2463.64 grams, an increase of 16.09% when compared to the treatment without compost dose of 0 tons / ha (K0), namely 2084.30 grams . The high fresh weight was supported by the number of harvests per plant (r = 0.821 *), fruit length (r = 0.935 **) and fruit diameter (r = -0.975 **). The highest fruit fresh weight was obtained at the NPK fertilizer dose of 300 kg / ha (D3), namely 2488.95 grams. The fresh weight of the fruit increased by 18.23% when compared to the NPK fertilizer dose of 0 ton / ha (D0), which was 2104.87 grams. The high fresh weight of fruit was supported by the number of harvests per plant (r = 0.923 **)

Response of pipeline Nepalese maize hybrids to different doses of chemical fertilizers under varying plant densities

Low plant population and inadequate fertilizer application are constraints for maize production among farmers in Nepal. In order to identify the integrated effects of plant density and fertilizer dose for production of hybrid maize, series of on station experiments were carried out at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal using strip plot design with three replications during winter seasons in two consecutive years 2016/17 and 2017/18. Two promising Nepalese hybrids namely RML-95/RML-96 and RML-86/RML-96 were taken as vertical factor whereas five densities viz. 55,555 ha-1(D1), 66,666 ha-1 (D2), 77,519 ha-1 (D3), 87,719 ha-1 (D4) and 98,039 ha-1 (D5) in combination with two doses of NPK fertilizers i.e. recommended and rational as horizontal factor. Recommended dose of NPK for maize was 120:60:40 kg ha-1 and the rational doses for above mentioned densities were calculated based on bench mark of fertilizer recommendation for 53,333 plants ha-1. Derived rational doses of NPK for D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 were 125:63:42, 150:75:50, 174:87:58, 197:99:66, 221:110:74 kg ha-1 respectively. Genotypic variation of two tested hybrids for growth, yield attributes and grain yield were found statistically similar. However, planting the hybrids in various densities and fertilizer doses significantly influenced grain yield ranging from 5.63 to 7.91 t ha-1. Significantly higher grain yield (7.91 t ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.21) were observed when plant population was maintained at 77,519 ha-1 with fertilizer dose 174:87:58 NPK kg ha-1. Applying fertilizer as rational dose enhanced the yield up to the density of 77519 plants ha-1 then the yield gradually declined as the density increased. Whereas recommended dose of fertilizer with increasing plant density from 55,555 to 87,719 ha-1 had statistically similar yield and declined more at 98039 ha-1. The present recommended dose of fertilizer application is inadequate for higher plant density to increase the grain yield of hybrid maize