Emulsifier Dosage Research Articles

A New Emulsifier Behavior of the Preparation for Micro-emulsified Diesel Oil

Diesel oil emulsified with water can reduce diesel engine emissions, enhance fuel combustion efficiency, and save oil resources. However, the emulsions are not thermodynamically stable, which limits its commercial application. The micro-emulsion technique application improves stabilization of diesel-water system. The RW emulsifier was synthesized with oleic acid and amine, and methanol acts as co-emulsifier. The optimal composition of micro-emulsified diesel oil is 82% 0# diesel oil, 10% water, and 8% emulsifier and co-emulsifier, and the ratio of emulsifier and co-emulsifier is 5:1. The characterizations of the micro-emulsified diesel oil meet the commercial application. With the emulsifier dosage increasing, the stabilization of micro-emulsified diesel oil increased, and the co-emulsion enhanced the micro-emulsion stabilization.

Synthesis and properties of acrylate latex modified by vinyl alkoxy siloxane

Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emulsifiers at (78±2)°C. The effects of different factors, such as the emulsifier, C-1706 monomer and its feeding manner on the properties of acrylate latex modified by C-1706 were investigated. The particle size distribution and the structure, the configuration, the weather durability and stain resistance of copolymer latex were characterized by particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and ultraviolet aging instrument respectively. The results show that SDS to OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers can lead to coordinated efficiency, the optimal emulsifier dosage is 2.4%–3.2% (mass fraction), and the mass ratio of SDS to OP-10 is 1:1–1:2. The seeded emulsion polymerization can effectively introduce a organic-siloxane bonding in a macromolecule inter polymer, and the obtained acrylate latex modified by organic-siloxane possesses narrow distribution of particle size with mean diameter of 51.8–76.6 nm and has the excellent properties in weather durability and stain-resistance especially.

An experimental study of stability of oil–water emulsion

There has been much interest in alternative fuels made from coal which is much more abundant than oil. The coal–oil–water slurry is a new type of oil-based synfuel composed of finely pulverized coal, oil and water. It has lower viscosity, lower ignition point and higher heating value than coal–water slurry. The preparation of stable water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion is critical for the success of production of stable coal–oil–water slurry. The present study was undertaken to experimentally investigate the effects of different process variables on emulsion stability. The emulsion was prepared using 100 ml colloid mill with sorbitan monooleate (SM) as emulsifier. The variables studied include emulsifier dosage, ratio of oil to water, stirring intensity, emulsifying temperature and mixing time. The results showed that the optimum process conditions are: emulsifier dosage, 0.5%; oil to water ratio, 1:1; stirring intensity, 2500 rpm; and mixing temperature, 30 °C.