In order to improve the antibacterial activity of TiO2 nano-material, a series of carbon or/and boron doped TiO2 nano-materials were prepared and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), X-ray photoelectron (PL) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR). The antibacterial activities of the prepared TiO2 were investigated by the shaking flask method. The results under visible light irradiation show that the carbon and boron co-doping TiO2 nano-material has enhanced antibacterial activities compared with single doped TiO2, exhibiting significant synergistic antibacterial effect.