Door-to-door Research Articles

The Prevalence of Epilepsy in the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan

Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder in which those afflicted can gain benefit from specific treatments based on their genetics and geographic location. Currently the prevalence of epilepsy is estimated at 0.5-3% of the world-wide population, and is increasing in developing countries. In order to make more accurate assessments of the prevalence of epilepsy, we applied the capture-recapture method in a 12-month study of epilepsy in a population from the Sharur district of Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaijan with 114,451 people from sixty nine villages and towns. The following methods were applied to determine epilepsy: Door To Door (DTD) survey, Non-Medical Source (NMS), and Medical Source. Using these three techniques, 1,032 patients with epilepsy (9.02/1000) were included in our study. The DTD survey determined 627 patients with epilepsy (5.48/1000) and 247 (2.16/1000) from the NMS methods versus 158 (1.38/1000) from the Medical Source (MS) methods. Applying the capture-recapture method, NMS, and DTD methods, the number of epilepsy cases increased to 1,330 (11.62/1000) [95% CI: 10.21-13.03]. The combinations of these methods show that 887 people (7.75/1000) have a diagnosis of epilepsy. Multiple epidemiological tasks used in our study can be used to estimate clinical signs and/or markers in future applications for the determination and development of treatment strategies for this devastating disease in the third world countries such as the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan.

Abstract 18309: Wireless Electrocardiographic Transmission with e -Activation of PCI Team and Reconstructed System of Care Shortens Door-to-Balloon Time in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Early reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery is the first priority in the treatment of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Time to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be shortened by improved system of care. Electronic transmission of electrocardiogram (ECG) to cardiologist's cell phone enables earlier activation of the PCI team. We therefore sought to improve the door-to-balloon (DTB) time by e -technologies and reorganized system of care. Methods: An ECG system capable of wireless cell phone transmission and e -activation of PCI team (Fig 1A) was introduced to a university medical center in Dec., 2009. The processing of STEMI patients was also reorganized, including performance of ECG at the triage of emergency room (ER) with immediate physician's confirmation, e -transmission of ECG to cardiologist's cell phone with e -activation of the PCI team, standardized ER treatment with prompt transportation to catheterization lab, packaged PCI instruments, and integrated care at the catheterization room. The door-to-ECG (DTE), door-to-door (DTD) and DTB times of STEMI were recorded. The achievement rate of DTE < 10 min, DTD < 60 min and DTB < 90 min were also analyzed. Comparison was made between 2009 and 2010. Results: Sixty one STEMI patients eligible for PCI in 2009 and 62 in 2010 were included. After implementation of the above system, the rate of DTE < 10 min was increased from 55.7% in 2009 to 90.3% in 2010 ( P < 0.001). The rate of DTD < 60 min was raised from 50.8% to 85.5% ( P < 0.001), and rate of DTB < 90 min raised from 65.6% to 88.7% ( P < 0.01). The average DTE, DTD and DTB times were also significantly shortened (all P < 0.001, Fig 1B). Conclusion: Electronic ECG transmission to cell phone enables early notification of STEMI and rapid activation of PCI team. Combined with reconstructed in-hospital system of care, these altogether lead to shortened DTE, DTD and DTB times, better compliance with the guidelines and improved quality of care.

Do Not Trash the Incentive! Monetary Incentives and Waste Sorting

In this paper, we examine whether combining non‐monetary and monetary incentives increases municipal solid waste sorting. We empirically investigate this issue, exploiting the exogenous variation in waste management policies experienced during the years 1999–2008 by the 95 municipalities in the district of Treviso (Italy). Using a panel regression analysis, we estimate that pay‐as‐you‐throw (PAYT) incentive schemes increase the sorted‐to‐total waste ratio by 17 percent, and that their effect reinforces that of a door‐to‐door (DtD) collection system, which is equal to 15.7 percent. Moreover, the panel structure of our dataset allows us to find learning and spatial effects associated with both PAYT and DtD.

Pengembangan Logistic Center Di Indonesia

Same problems of mrgo nwuement in Indonesin, among others not yet just in time sennces, not doorto door deliven;, the process of loading and unlonding at the port 5.5 clm;s, congestion, warehousingis Jar and spread mum; from the locntion of ports, industries and is still managed in conventional.Indonesw is in a position not competiti11e in tenns of Li:Jgistic Performance Index, which in 2007occupied the position 43 (score 3.01) from 150 countries. Research metlwds to obtain an opinion orperception of respondents with sampling techniques are purposively. Instntment of analysis is Importanceand Performance Analysis. Results of analysis showed that logistic cent.er meet the criteria.,connected 1mth the transportation SIJSfems, should the wide land area located near the harbor, connectedto the container terminals, high container slzip capacihj, minilnbilihJ of prinzan; commodities,advanced of infomzation and communication teclznologies.Keywords: wgistic cent.er development.

Do incentives matter? – Evaluation of a family planning program in India

Indian Family Planning programs in the past haveintroduced a number of approaches such as providingmonetary benefits, and motivational programs toimprove contraceptive use among rural illiteratewomen. Under the Ammanpettai family welfare program,the Melatur PHC administered three program typesinvolving a combination of monetary and motivationalapproaches to improve contraceptive use in threetreatment areas. The program was introduced duringJanuary 1989 and was simultaneously discontinued aftera period of two years. The present evaluation wasconducted in 1994. Data from a random sample of 933non-sterilized women at the time of social surveyusing a questionnaire approach is used in this study. The implementation of incentive programs in asocio-economically homogenous population has resultedin an increase in the likelihood of current ofcontraceptive use. The results of this study suggestthat motivational programs are more likely to improvelong term use of temporary family planning methodsthan cash incentive programs. One implication of ourfinding is that motivational programs should provide peer based family planning education and training incommunity work to contact persons who make door todoor visits to promote family planning programs.