This study was conducted with the aim to isolate bacterial strains capable of antagonism to Colletotrichum sp. causing anthracnose on chilli. From 18 soil samples collected in the rhizosphere of chilli grown in Can Tho, Dong Thap, and Tien Giang province, 341 bacterial strains were preliminary tested for antagonistic action. Results showed that 79 bacterial strains were found having antagonistic action. The antagonistic efficiency of all isolates ranged from 7.78 to 53.34%. Studying the biochemical characteristics of isolates showed that 47 isolates were capable to produce siderophores, 61 to decompose chitin, 55 to decompose cellulose and 68 proteolytic. Six strongest antagonists including CT6, CT10, CT15, CT17, CT21, and TG36 were identified as Bacillus sp. based on Bergey classification system. CT10, the best antagonistic performer, was determined as B. amyloliquefaciens by using both biomolecular (sequencing 16S rDNA region) and conventional methods.