Donation Decisions Research Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF CROWDFUNDING INNOVATION AND TRUST ON ONLINE DONATION DECISIONS ON CROWDFUNDING PLATFORMS

This study aims to explore the impact of innovation in crowdfunding and the level of trust on donation decisions through crowdfunding platforms. The sampling method used in this research is non-probability sampling. Respondents involved in this study are millennial entrepreneurs who are located in Bandung City and have made donations through crowdfunding platforms. The number of respondents involved in this study was 153 people. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression with data processing support using IBM SPSS Version 25. The research findings show that innovation in crowdfunding and the level of trust have a positive influence on donation decisions on crowdfunding platforms. The policy implications of the findings of this study are that the government and related institutions can encourage innovation in crowdfunding platforms through incentives and support, strengthen transparency and accountability in fund management, protect donor rights with clear policies, and improve public education and financial literacy. Thus, it is expected to create a healthier, transparent, and trustworthy crowdfunding ecosystem, increasing participation and benefits for all parties involved.

How to Effect Social Media Marketing Mediated by Brand Trust on Donation Decision

This research intends to examine how Social Media Marketing impacts Donation Decision Mediated by Brand Trust at Kitabisa.com. Social Media Marketing as exogenous variable, Brand Trust as mediating variable and Donation Decision as endogenous variable. This research was conducted on social media users who have donated to Kitabisa.com who were found in the West Jakarta area. The background of this research is the changes in people's behavior who have started to do various things, including donating activities using technology and the internet because they are able to provide convenience in doing these things, which has resulted in various new innovations to channel donations online emerging from those who see this as an opportunity. This research about utilized tests taken by purposive sampling technique utilizing Hair computation strategy as numerous as 145 respondents. The analytical technique utilized is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and uses Partial Least Square (PLS) to test the quality of direct and indirect connections among various variables. The comes of this exploration demonstrate that Social Media Marketing has an impact on Donation Decision, Brand Trust influences Donation Decision, Social Media Marketing has an effect on Brand Trust, and Social Media Marketing affects Donation Decision through Brand Trust

Testing how information about cost‐effectiveness, cause preferences, and geographic preferences interact to affect philanthropic giving

AbstractThe broad instrumental philanthropy movement advocates for considerations of cost‐effective impact in donation decisions. Within that broader movement, the effective altruism movement goes as far as to advocate for cause neutrality and geographic neutrality when prioritizing cost‐effectiveness in charity. We present a survey experiment that examined how information about cost‐effectiveness, cause area preferences, and geographic preferences interact to affect philanthropic giving. The experiment varied these three dimensions in a hypothetical giving situation and found that cost‐effectiveness information had the strongest influence on hypothetical giving. Participants gave most when presented with charities that were shown to be highly cost‐effective, local/domestic, and that matched their preferred cause area. Understanding how these three considerations interact to affect donors is important as donors continue to desire more information about the cost‐effective impact of their donation.

"We need a better system": Maryland crop growers' perspectives on reducing food loss through donation

The donation of unharvested or unsold crops to rescue organizations has been promoted as a strat­egy to improve healthy food access for food inse­cure households while reducing production-level food loss and waste (FLW). In this study, we aimed to assess the motivations, barriers, and facili­tators for crop donation as a FLW reduction strat­egy among Maryland farmers. We interviewed 18 Maryland-based food producers (nine frequent crop donors and nine infrequent, by self-report) in 2016 – 2017, soliciting their perspectives on crop donation motivators, process feasibility, and inte­r­ventions aimed at increasing crop donation. The interviews were thematically coded. All respond­ents were aware of crop donation as an option, and most expressed interest in reducing FLW by divert­ing crop surpluses for human consumption. While financial barriers represented one aspect influenc­ing donation decisions, respondents also cited con­venience, process knowledge, and liability as key considerations. In contrast to frequent donors, many of whom considered donation a moral imperative, some infrequent donors questioned the expectation that they would donate crops without compensation. Both frequent and infrequent donors were aware of pro-donation tax incentives, and infrequent donors reported being unlikely to use them. This research demonstrates that crop donation motivations, barriers, and facilitators can be diverse. Given the existence of crop surpluses and their potential benefits as emergency food, our results suggest that multiple interventions and poli­cies may contribute to incentivizing and facilitating crop donation (or enabling the purchase of surplus crops) rather than one-size-fits-all approaches. Our findings also highlight a need to prioritize crop recovery methods that enhance growers’ financial stability.

Living well or not? Quality of life of parental living liver donors: A cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to gain comprehensive insight into the quality of life of parental living liver donors after liver donation. Several studies reported good quality of life of living liver donors with the SF-36 scale. Care demand from the recipient and responsibility of being parent might make a difference in parental donors' personal experienced quality of life after transplantation surgery. It is a cross-sectional study. The parental donors' demographics, clinical data and post-donation complications were obtained. Quality of life was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 and the Quality of Life Scale of Living Organ Donors-Common Module. The enrolled participants were contacted by electronic questionnaires and telephonic interview. A total of 345 parental donors were included, with recruited period ranging from 3 to 85 months post-donation. 8.1% of donors had post-operative complications, mostly classified as Clavien grade II. Donors' general quality of life was higher than the Chinese general norm. Issues related to surgical incision, fatigue, worries about income and personal health, effects on work capability, increased medical expenses and difficult reimbursement and suspected donation decision were the prominent problems among donors. Mother-son relationship (OR = 1.87) and equal or less than 2 years after donation (OR = 3.08) were the influencing factors for poor physical quality of life, while unmarried status (e.g. divorced or widowed) was found negatively associated with mental quality of life (adjusted OR = 3.61). General health among parental donors is good but those female, unmarried and near post-donation might in low life quality. Incision, fatigue, finance, reimbursement and donation decision are prominent problems. Post-donation care of living donors should cover social and financial domain besides physical and mental dimension. Providing follow-up care and counselling is necessary to ensure their life quality.

Retroperitoneal robot-assisted live-donor nephrectomy: A single-center study.

As the demand for kidney transplants continues to increase globally, healthcare institutions face a challenge to bridge the gap between patients waitlisted for kidney transplants and the number of donors. A major factor influencing the donor's decision is the operative risk and potential complications of the surgery. Open surgical approaches have been vastly replaced with laparoscopic donor nephrectomies as the standard of practice. However, there is a growing body of evidence pointing towards its potential superiority over laparoscopic methods. In this study, we aim to present our experience on outcomes of Robotic-Assisted Live Donor Nephrectomies (RALDN), the first series of its kind in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). We retrospectively collected data from patients who underwent RALDN at Mediclinc City Hospital. Demographic data, laboratory investigations, and operative details were collected and analyzed. Seven patients underwent RALDN between 2021 and April 2022 at our facility. Four donors were male while three were female. Median length of hospital stay was 4 days. In our study, one of the patients suffered from a Clavien-Dindo grade IV complication which necessitated prolonged admission. We conclude that RALDN is a safe method for donor kidney procurement, carrying a low risk of morbidity and mortality. This method could potentially evolve the number of kidney donors to address the issue of high kidney transplant demand.

Viewing the Law and Ethics of Premortem Interventions Through an Interpretive Lens.

Viewing the Law and Ethics of Premortem Interventions Through an Interpretive Lens.

Preferences for Donating to Religious and Non-Religious Philanthropic Institutions: Evidence in Indonesia

This research aims to determine the factors influencing online donation decisions in religious and non-religious philanthropic institutions. 105 questionnaires were disseminated to the respondents in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi), Indonesia, and analyzed using logistic regression. The findings reveal that in religious philanthropic institutions, the impact has a significant effect, while ease of use, convenience, and innovation have no effect on online donation decisions. In non-religious philanthropic institutions, convenience, innovation, and impact have a significant effect, while ease of use has no effect on online donation decisions. There is a slight difference in factors influencing online donation decisions in religious and non-religious philanthropic institutions. Religious philanthropic institutions should expand their impact to raise their donors. Meanwhile, non-religious philanthropic institutions should improve the quality of their digital platform and expand the innovation and impact of the programs to increase their donors.JEL Classification: D64, L31, Z12How to Cite:Hidayah, N., & Ade, N. S. (2023). Preferences for Donating to Religious and Non-Religious Philanthropic Institution: Evidence in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(1), 191-206. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.12ii1.27887.

It Is All About Criticism: Understanding the Effect of Social Media Discourse on Legal Crowdfunding Campaigns

Legal crowdfunding is an emerging domain where lawyers and individuals raise funds to fight legal actions. To study how prospective donors can verify the credibility of legal campaigns, we analyzed the conversations surrounding these campaigns on Facebook. We discovered three primary themes associated with the perceptions of the contributors of legal campaigns: supporters posting admiring and appreciative comments, supporters posting critical and disapproving comments, and opponents posting critical and disapproving comments. We observed that while supporters criticized campaigns' opponents, biased media, and dishonest authorities, opponents criticized campaign owners, campaigns' objectives and opaque logistics. To understand the impact of these perspectives on donors, we followed up with an online survey study where we presented a legal campaign with its corresponding social media conversations. We found that critical comments impacted donation decisions more than appreciative comments. We concluded with design implications to better support potential donors to make more informed donation decisions.

Death determination by neurologic criteria—what do families understand?

PurposeCurrently, there is little empirical data on family understanding about brain death and death determination. The purpose of this study was to describe family members’ (FMs’) understanding of brain death and the process of determining death in the context of organ donation in Canadian intensive care units (ICUs).MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study using semistructured, in-depth interviews with FMs who were asked to make an organ donation decision on behalf of adult or pediatric patients with death determination by neurologic criteria (DNC) in Canadian ICUs.ResultsFrom interviews with 179 FMs, six main themes emerged: 1) state of mind, 2) communication, 3) DNC may be counterintuitive, 4) preparation for the DNC clinical assessment, 5) DNC clinical assessment, and 6) time of death. Recommendations on how clinicians can help FMs to understand and accept DNC through communication at key moments were described including preparing FMs for death determination, allowing FMs to be present, and explaining the legal time of death, combined with multimodal strategies. For many FMs, understanding of DNC unfolded over time, facilitated with repeated encounters and explanation, rather than during a single meeting.ConclusionFamily members’ understanding of brain death and death determination represented a journey that they reported in sequential meeting with health care providers, most notably physicians. Modifiable factors to improve communication and bereavement outcomes during DNC include attention to the state of mind of the family, pacing and repeating discussions according to families’ expressed understanding, and preparing and inviting families to be present for the clinical determination including apnea testing. We have provided family-generated recommendations that are pragmatic and can be easily implemented.

An experiment on the impact of predictive analytics on kidney offers acceptance decisions

Because of the breadth of factors that might affect kidney transplant decisions to accept an organ or wait for another, presumably “better” offer, a high degree of heterogeneity in decision making exists among transplant surgeons and hospitals. These decisions do not typically include objective predictions regarding the future availability of equivalent or better-quality organs or the likelihood of patient death while waiting for another organ. To investigate the impact of displaying such predictions on organ donation decision making, we conducted a statistically designed experiment involving 53 kidney transplant professionals, in which kidney offers were presented via an online application and systematically altered to observe the effects on decision making. We found that providing predictive analytics for time-to-better offers and patient mortality improved decision consensus and decision-maker confidence in their decisions. Providing a visual display of the patient’s mortality slope under accept/reject conditions shortened the time-to-decide but did not have an impact on the decision itself. Presenting the risk of death in a loss frame as opposed to a gain frame improved decision consensus and decision confidence. Patient-specific predictions surrounding future organ offers and mortality may improve decision quality, confidence, and expediency while improving organ utilization and patient outcomes.

Help yourself: Pictures of donation recipients engaged in physical self-help enhance donations on crowdfunding platforms

Many charity organizations raise money through crowdfunding platforms, in which donors choose among large numbers of projects that compete for funds. Prior research suggests that photos used in a charity appeal substantially affect donation behavior. This study identifies a novel feature of campaign imagery that influences the donation decision: portrayal of victims engaged in different types of “self-help” actions. Specifically, two controlled experiments and an analysis of field data explore how prospective donors respond to fundraising campaign photos featuring either physical self-help, non-physical self-help, or no self-help. Results show that donors contribute more funds to campaigns that show victims engaged in physical self-help than to campaigns portraying victims engaged in non-physical self-help or no self-help. The findings also suggest that this influence is attributable to the sense of inspiration elicited by such images and is attenuated when the self-help behavior is perceived as inappropriate for the situation at hand.

Voluntary or reluctant? Social influence in charitable giving: an ERP study.

Social information has substantial influences on prosocial behavior. In this study, we performed an event-related potential (ERP) experiment to examine the effect of social influence on giving. The participants were allowed to form an initial decision on how much money to donate to a charity provided the program's average donation amount and to make a second donation decision. Social influence varied in different directions (upward, downward and equal) by altering the relative donation amount between the average donation amount and the participants' first donation amount. The behavioral results showed that participants increased their donation amount in the upward condition and decreased it in the downward condition. The ERP results revealed that upward social information evoked larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitudes and smaller P3 amplitudes than in the downward and equal conditions. Furthermore, the pressure ratings, rather than the happiness ratings, were associated with the FRN patterns across the three conditions. We argue that people in social situations are more likely to increase their donations owing to pressure than voluntary altruism. Our study provides the first ERP evidence that different directions of social information evoke different neural responses in time course processing.

Does the Power of Social Example Fade? Nudge Effect of Social Information on Individual's Donation Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model with Three-Wave Cross-Sectional Data.

This study assesses how various social information influence individuals' money donation behaviors towards charitable funds against the COVID-19 pandemic at different stages of the pandemic. It also explores the mediating role of social anxiety and the moderating role of self-control. This three-wave study was conducted with online survey experiments using convenience sampling at the pandemic's outbreak stage (April-June 2020), trough stage (February-March 2021), and resurgence stage (May 2022) in China. The nudge power of social information was measured by whether participants changed their initial money donation decisions after informed positive or negative social information. Self-report scales were used to measure levels of social anxiety (Social Interaction Anxiety Scale) and self-control (Self-Control Scale). The final data set included 1371 participants from 26 provinces of mainland China. Stata medeff package and SPSS PROCESS were used to analyze the data. Individuals' initial donation behaviors did not fluctuate along with the pandemic status, but the nudge effect of social information did. From outbreak stage to trough stage, the nudge power of positive social information significantly declined, but did not significantly change again at the resurgence stage. By contrast, the nudge power of negative social information did not significantly differ between outbreak and trough stage but did significantly increase at the resurgence stage. Social anxiety played a significant mediating role in the relationship between COVID-19 status and power of social information. Moreover, self-control moderated the direct effect of COVID-19 status on power of social information and the indirect effect via social anxiety. Our findings enrich research on the nudge power variation of social information on individuals' donation behaviors along with the pandemic status and its potential psychological influence factors. This study also helps guide organizations to better design and carry out social information nudge mechanism.

Worker Experience and Donor Heterogeneity: The Impact of Charitable Workers on Donors’ Blood Donation Decisions

Problem definition: We ask whether and how a charitable organization’s front-line staff members can be effectively positioned to encourage donors to donate more (in compliance with the eligibility rules) during their in-person interactions. Academic/practical relevance: Specifically, we consider how charitable organizations can use microlevel data on worker-donor interactions to improve donation outcomes, via understanding of workers’ experiences and donors’ characteristics. Methodology: Using a unique data set at the worker-donor interaction level, we analyze the role of nurses’ experiences in driving charitable productivity and explore the downstream effects of the donation volume outcome. Results: We find that the effect of the charitable worker on charitable productivity strongly depends on the worker’s experiences that entail sharing knowledge about a donor’s donation options, rather than the worker’s experiences that are primarily focused on collecting donations. Moreover, worker experience can encourage donors that have lower self-efficacy over performing their donation to choose higher donation volumes. A worker’s experience with donors with lower self-efficacy furthermore benefits charitable productivity when interacting with those donors. Higher donations induced by an experienced worker from the previous session are correlated with higher donation volumes in the focal session if the donor returns to donate. Managerial implications: When taking the insights on staff-donor interactions into account, improved matching between workers and donors can provide economically significant benefits for the blood bank. Understanding worker experience in the staff-donor interactions and leveraging big data in staffing decisions can help charitable organizations improve their productivity simply from the personnel end.Funding: W. Lin acknowledges the support of the Marshall Fellowship at the USC Marshall School of Business. S. F. Lu acknowledges the support of the Gerald Lyles Rising Star fund at Purdue. T. Sun acknowledges the support of an Adobe Data Science Award and an iORB grant at the USC Marshall School of Business.Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1198 .

The Strategic Use of Corporate Philanthropy: Evidence from Bank Donations

Abstract This article examines the strategic nature of banks’ charitable giving by studying bank donations to local nonprofit organizations. Relying on the application of antitrust rules in bank mergers as an exogenous shock to local deposit market competition, we find that local competition affects banks’ local donation decisions. Using county-level natural disaster shocks, we show that banks with disaster exposure reallocate donations away from nonshocked counties, where they operate branches, and toward shocked counties. The reallocation of donations represents an exogenous increase in the local share of donations in nonshocked counties for banks with no disaster exposure and leads to an increase in the local deposit market shares of such banks. Furthermore, banks can potentially earn greater profits from making donations and tend to donate to nonprofits that have the most social impact. Overall, our evidence suggests that banks participate in corporate philanthropy strategically to enhance performance.

Impact of Subsidy Policy on Remanufacturing Industry’s Donation Strategy

Motivated by the donation subsidy policy, this paper studies a supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a remanufacturer. The manufacturer sells new and remanufactured products and can also donate two products. The remanufacturer can only sell and donate remanufactured products. Using the Stackelberg game model, we investigate the optimal production and donation strategies of two competing firms and discuss how the subsidy policy affects these strategies. Our main results include the following: First, the donation strategies of the two firms are not only affected by the subsidies but could also be influenced by the competitor’s donation decision, especially when the subsidy is high. Second, the subsidized products for sale in the market will decline as the subsidy increases. Therefore, a high subsidy always causes insufficient market supply. Third, the first-mover advantage may not make the manufacturer avoid a dilemma; however, when the remanufacturer becomes the leader in the market, the first-mover advantage will help the remanufacturer prevent any competitor donation threats. Lastly, the scenario where the manufacturer donates nothing and the remanufacturer donates seems to be a Pareto improvement for two firms, but this scenario is not stable, and the last equilibrium is that both firms decide to donate remanufactured products.

THE EFFECT OF TRUST, BRAND AWARENESS, AND SOCIAL PIETY IN DONATION DECISIONS THROUGH DIGITAL PLATFORMS

This article identifies the effect of trust, brand awareness, and social piety before doing donation using the Fintech platform. Therefore, this explanatory research examined the influence of four variables. The data were collected through a purposive sampling technique involving 250 societies across Lombok Island as respondents, as well as applying a case study approach. The data analysis technique is implemented through SEM (Structural Equation Modelling). The article shows a positive and significant impact among trust, brand awareness, and social piety in donation decisions through the fintech platform. However, brand awareness and trust do not affect social piety. Hence, this article recommends the fundraising institutions that actively collect funds through fintech platforms to always prioritize the openness principle in managing public funds. A transparent attitude can increase public trust to utilize the platform whenever they want to channel funds spontaneously.

Influence of risk perception on attitudes toward blood donation among Brazilian men who have sex with men who donated blood.

We hypothesize that awareness of individuals' risk behaviors may influence aspects of attitude toward blood donation (i.e., intentions and self-efficacy). Investigating this association in the population of MSM was the objective of the present study. This is a cross-sectional study based on an open web survey. The online survey was developed and applied on the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) platform. The study's information, invitation to participate, and link to access the online survey were disseminated using social media. Analyses were performed using structural equation modeling. A total of 764 young adults MSM participated, with the majority self-reporting as homosexual, single, in good health, and having completed higher education. A total of 297 (39.5%) reported having donated blood at least once in their lives. Among blood donors, 72.0% admitted to lying about their sexual behavior during the blood donation clinical screening interview; 81.0% did not believe that their behaviors put them at risk for HIV infection; 83.7% believed that their blood is safe enough to be transfused. Structural equation analysis provided evidence that the perception of being at risk for HIV and the perception of having non-safe blood to be transfused contributed to an attitude against future blood donation (explained variance 50%). Attitude plays an important role in blood donation decision-making by young adults MSM. This is the first study to provide evidence that the self-perceptions of being at risk for HIV and having non-safe blood may deter MSM from blood donation.

Ambiguous loss in organ donor families: A constructivist grounded theory.

Explore families' experiences when being approached for organ donation authorisation after brainstem death. The complexities of potential organ donor families' experiences include challenges related to emotional distress, coping with the loss and the organ donation decision-making process, and support needed. A lack of conceptual clarity was found concerning families' experiences when being approached for organ donation authorisation, which guided the study. Constructivist grounded theory. Seventy-one participants, including healthcare professionals and families, were recruited from two large hospitals in Chile between 2017 and 2019. Field notes, documents (n=80), interviews (n=27) and focus groups (n=14) were collected and analysed following Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory principles and practices until theoretical saturation was reached. The study is reported using the COREQ checklist. A third type of ambiguous loss of bereaved families' experience was developed as a fourfold process: (1) impending loss, (2) confirming loss, (3) ambiguous loss and organ donation decision-making and (4) organ donation as a third type of ambiguous loss. This grounded theory expands the concepts of ambiguous loss by Boss, dying by Glaser and Strauss and grief by Brinkmann, enabling explanation of families' experiences. Families of potential organ donors develop a highly complex grieving process, which may play a significant role in the organ donation decision-making process. Ambiguity is embedded in how donor families reframe the existence of the donor through the act of giving life. The findings shed light on families' experiences on the organ donation process after brainstem death. The study can be used in nursing practice, education and to inform policy nationally and globally, mainly due to the current focus on quantitative measures and legislative changes fostering individual decision-making. Families contributed through their first-hand experiences of the organ donation process.