Dominant Influence Research Articles

Amplification of Northern Hemisphere winter stationary waves in a warming world

This study leverages the Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs) version 4.0 climate model to examine the mechanisms behind the recent intensification of winter stationary waves over western North America. Prescribed sea surface temperature warming forces a strengthening of westerly winds, amplifying the ridge that characterizes the stationary waves in western North America. The streamfunction budget analysis reveals relative vorticity advection is mainly associated with this process. We further show that ocean warming is the primary driver of changes in westerly winds and stationary waves in the Northern Hemisphere. Sea ice losses exert a considerable effect through a different mechanism, complementing the dominant influence of ocean warming on these atmospheric changes. Our results thus reveal the crucial role tropical oceans play in modulating global warming’s effect on the stationary waves in the Northern Hemisphere and add a more quantitative perspective to the previously reported influence of Arctic amplification.

Influence of phase and dominance on ground reaction forces and upper extremity muscle activity during the modified-Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test

BackgroundThe Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) is a physical performance test designed to assess the upper extremity (UE) stability. However, only one outcome measure is provided for both UEs, limiting its application if the UEs are not similarly involved. Moreover, the changes in loads sustained by the support UE throughout the movement may influence the support UE stability. Additional knowledge on the underpinning biomechanical mechanics of the performance is therefore needed to better understand how to use the measure of the CKCUEST to design the athlete’s physical ability development or recovery. This study aimed to investigate the influence of phase and dominance on kinetic and support UE muscular demand during a modified-CKCUEST touch.MethodsTwenty-five male multisport athletes (age: 26.0 ± 11.3 years; mass: 77.8 ± 23.3 kg; height: 179.0 ± 6.5 cm) performed the modified-CKCUEST, i.e. hands at half span apart. The ground reaction forces (GRF) and activity of eight perihumeral and scapulothoracic muscles of support UE were recorded and analyzed according to the UE dominance and phase (takeoff vs. landing). Statistical non-Parametric Mapping analyses were used to assess the effects of dominance and phase on the support UE GRF and the effects of dominance, phase, and muscle on the support UE muscle activity.ResultsThe scapulothoracic and perihumeral muscles of the support UE were activated at low-to-very-high levels during the modified-CKCUEST touch. Variations in muscular activity over a touch were required to sustain variations in loads in medial, vertical, and posterior directions. Lower loads were observed during the takeoff phase than those during the landing phase (p < 0.05). Despite similar muscular activities in both UEs, the dominant UE sustained higher medial loads than the non-dominant UE (p < 0.05), while opposite results were observed for posterior loads (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe modified-CKCUEST involves similar muscle activity of the support UE in response to varying loads sustained in different directions according to dominance. The quantitative assessment provided by the modified-CKCUEST score may be complemented by a qualitative observation of body displacements, allowing coaches and clinicians to identify limitations in the stability of the UEs.

Pengaruh Kelas Sosial, Gaya Hidup Dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pemebelian Di Rocket Chicken Cokroaminoto Kota Probolinggo

This research was conducted at Rocket Chicken Cokroaminoto, Probolinggo City, which aims to determine the impact of social class, lifestyle and product quality on purchasing decisions at Rocket Chicken Cokroaminoto, Probolinggo City. Population used by consumers who made purchases in October 2023 at Rocket Chicken Cokroaminoto, Probolinggo City. The sample in this study used a simple random sampling technique, totaling 80 Rocket Chicken Cokroaminoto consumers, Probolinggo City. The data analysis technique used is SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences) through multiple linear analysis calculation tools. The results of this research show: (1) Social class, lifestyle and product quality variables have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, (2) Product quality variables have a dominant influence on purchasing decisions.

Response of Understory Plant Diversity to Edge Effects in Plantation Forests on the Loess Plateau

The majority of the world’s forests are located at landscape edges and are highly fragmented; the plantations on the Loess Plateau are no exception, experiencing pronounced edge effects. However, edge effects are often overlooked in assessments of carbon storage and biodiversity, and the extent and impact of these effects on Loess Plateau plantations remain inadequately understood. The objective of this study is to reveal how edge effects influence biodiversity and species composition and to examine their long-term impacts on ecosystem structure and function. Furthermore, it aims to explore the mechanisms underlying edge effects in plantation systems. Examining these effects is essential for guiding forest management practices and formulating effective biodiversity conservation strategies, thereby providing scientific insights to support the ecological restoration and sustainable management of plantations. In this study, we classified 44 sample plots into four groups according to their distances from the plantation edges to compare and analyze species composition. Additionally, we evaluated the intensity and range of edge effects on stand structure, species diversity, and carbon storage. The Shannon index of understory vegetation was used as the dependent variable, with canopy cover, edge distance, and stand density as independent variables. We used multiple linear regression to examine the effects of these factors on the Shannon index of understory vegetation (shrubs, herbs, and trees). The key findings were as follows: (1) Tree height did not exhibit edge effects across any distance range, while the Shannon index, species richness, and carbon storage showed edge effects within 54 m from the edge. Diameter at breast height (DBH), stand density, and canopy cover exhibited edge effects within 0–83 m from the edge. (2) The significance values for edge distance and canopy cover in the linear regression with the Shannon index were 0.99 and 0.51, respectively, showing no significant correlation. In contrast, stand density had a significant positive effect on the Shannon index (p = 0.03). (3) Notable differences in understory species composition were observed between the outermost and innermost groups of the plantation. Climatic conditions on the Loess Plateau exert a dominant influence on understory plants, altering species composition and abundance. High stand density appeared to moderate the microclimate, contributing to a higher understory Shannon index, but reducing carbon storage. Our findings suggest that the edge effects of plantation forests on the Loess Plateau exert varying degrees of influence on different indicators. Management decisions should be guided by the specific silvicultural objectives, whether the manager’s goals are to optimize biomass accumulation, enhance species recovery, or achieve a balance between these two goals.

The Influence of Market Value Added (MVA), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return On Equity (ROE) on Share Prices in Telecommunication Companies Listed on the IDX

This research aims to examine the influence of Market Value Added (MVA), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return On Equity (ROE) on share price in telecommunications companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The type of research used is quantitative, with the independent variables Market Value Added (MVA), Net Profit Margin and Return On Equity (ROE). Meanwhile, the dependent variable used is share price. The population of this research is the telecommunications companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sample selection was carried out using purposive sampling technique. The selected sample was 20 companies. The analytical method used include the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis test, coefficient of determination, t- test, F-test and dominant test. The results of hypothesis testing show that partially Market Value Added (MVA), and Return On Equity (ROE) have a positive and significant effect on share price, while the Net Profit Margin (NPM) have a negative and insignificant effect on share price. Simultaneously Market Value Added (MVA), Net Profit Margin (NPM) dan Return On Equity (ROE) have a simultaneously effect on share price. Market Value Added (MVA) have a dominant influence on share price.

Item repetition matters: methodological considerations in bilingual language control research

ABSTRACT Language switching experiments often vary in stimuli list sizes, leading to differences in item repetition frequency and potentially obscuring our understanding of bilingual language control. This study addresses how item repetition frequency affects switching costs and the reversed language dominance effect (i.e. better performance in a non-dominant language in mixed language naming) among bilinguals with varying L2 proficiencies, and how these effects evolve as the task progresses. Two experiments were conducted with 29 low- and 36 high-proficiency Chinese-English bilinguals using a picture naming task. One experiment presented a low-repetition stimuli list, and the other a high-repetition set. Results showed that switching costs remained regardless of item repetition frequency. However, the influence of L2 proficiency and language dominance on switching costs was only evident in the low-repetition list. Notably, as the task progressed, switching costs decreased in L1 Chinese but increased in L2 English, regardless of item repetition frequency or proficiency. These findings highlight the importance of methodological considerations in language control experiments. Understanding how these factors influence the experiments’ outcomes is crucial for accurately interpreting bilingual language control and avoiding undesirable confounds.

The Influence of Surgeon’s Hand Dominance on Surgically Induced Astigmatism (SIA) in Phacoemulsification

Purpose: To compare the influence of surgeon hand dominance on surgically induced astigmatism in Phacoemulsification. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration: Acuity Eye Center, Lahore, from 2023 to 2024. Methods: Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) of 200 patients who underwent phacoemulsification by a single experienced surgeon with temporal clear corneal incision was analyzed. The surgeon performed phacoemulsification holding the phaco hand-piece in the right dominant hand when operating the right eye and the left non-dominant hand when operating the left eye. The patients keratometric (K) values were taken with Nidek auto-refracto keratometer (ARK-510A) 1 day before surgery (Baseline) and 6 weeks post-operatively. The pre-operative and 6 weeks post-operative K values were entered into the spreadsheet. SIA was calculated, analysed and plotted by ASCRS (American Society of Cataract and Refractive surgery) SIA Calculator (V100 Tool). Comparison of SIA between dominant and non-dominant hand phacoemulsification was calculated through SPSS (Version 26). Results: All the participants were between 30 to 80 years of age. Double angle plot for SIA using ASCRS V100 tool revealed significant insights into the astigmatic changes post-surgery in both the right and left eyes.The centroid values, indicative of the mean astigmatic change, were 0.49±0.26D and 0.55±0.31D, respectively. The comparison between both left and right phacoemulsification showed that the difference was non-significant between dominant and non-dominant hand (P=0.251). Conclusion: Despite the challenges of adapting surgical technique to accommodate hand dominance, our findings indicate a non-significant difference in postoperative SIA outcomes.

Constraints on axion-like particles from the gamma-ray observation of the Galactic Center

High energy photons originating from the Galactic Center (GC) region have the potential to undergo significant photon-axion-like particle (ALP) oscillation effects, primarily induced by the presence of intense magnetic fields in this region. Observations conducted by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes have detected very high energy gamma-rays originating from a point source known as HESS J1745-290, situated in close proximity to the GC. This source is conjectured to be associated with the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. The GC region contains diverse structures, including molecular clouds and non-thermal filaments, which collectively contribute to the intricate magnetic field configurations in this region. By utilizing a magnetic field model specific in the GC region, we explore the phenomenon of photon-ALP oscillations in the gamma-ray spectrum of HESS J1745-290. Our analysis does not reveal any discernible signature of photon-ALP oscillations, yielding significant constraints that serve as a complement to gamma-ray observations of extragalactic sources across a broad parameter region. The uncertainties arising from the outer Galactic magnetic field models have minor impacts on our results, except for ALP masses around 10-7 eV, as the dominant influence originates from the intense magnetic field strength in the inner GC region.

High‐resolution analysis of sediments from Eighteen Mile Swamp (eastern Australia) records its transition from a fluctuating coastal lagoon to stable freshwater swamp

ABSTRACTThis research documents the paleoenvironmental evolution of Eighteen Mile Swamp on North Stradbroke Island (Minjerribah), Australia, from oscillating coastal lagoon into stable freshwater swamp over the last ca. 1600 years. We analyzed multiple sediment cores via physical description, acid sulfate soil assays, particle size analysis, diatom and pollen assemblages, photosynthetic pigment content, and Itrax XRF spectrometry, alongside ground‐penetrating radar cross‐sections. This provided a detailed ecological, geochemical and chronological framework, derived from radiocarbon, Pu and 210Pb dating, for the wetland's evolution. Results indicate spatial complexity in the timing of a pronounced shift in sedimentary conditions between ca. 300 and 1000 years ago, from estuarine mud to freshwater peat, marked by abrupt chemical and ecological changes. Unexpectedly, there were at least three and potentially many periods of dominant freshwater influence within the primarily estuarine phase, suggesting episodic estuarine closure and freshening by groundwater influx. Results provide critical insights into the complex response of subtropical wetland systems to environmental change, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding both sedimentologic and geomorphic responses in coastal wetlands, and their potential vulnerability to future climate change. The study of Eighteen Mile Swamp is significant as it provides a detailed paleoenvironmental reconstruction that documents the wetland's evolving nature over the past two millennia. This research highlights the importance of understanding historical responses of wetlands to environmental changes, which helps inform their current and future management, conservation and restoration efforts, particularly in the context of climate change and human impacts. This study also serves as a tribute to the late Lynda Petherick, acknowledging her contributions in this field.

Influence of Structural Optimization on the Physical Properties of an Innovative FDM 3D Printed Thermal Barrier.

This article describes an innovative thermal insulation barrier in the form of a sandwich panel manufactured using 3D FDM printing technology. The internal structure (core structure) of the barrier is based on the Kelvin foam model. This paper presents the influence of the parameters (the height h and the porosity P of a single core cell) of the barrier on its properties (thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, compressive strength, and quasi-static indentation strength). The dominant influence of the porosity of the structure on the determined physical properties of the fabricated samples was demonstrated. The best insulation results were obtained for single-layer composites with a cell height of 4 mm and a porosity of 90%, where the thermal conductivity coefficient was 0.038 W/(m·K) and the thermal resistance 0.537 (m2·K)/W. In contrast, the best compressive strength properties were obtained for the 50% porosity samples and amounted to about 350 MPa, while the moduli for the 90% porosity samples were 14 times lower and amounted to about 26 MPa. The porosity (P) of the composite structure also had a significant effect on the punch shear strength of the samples produced, and the values obtained for the 90% porosity samples did not exceed 1 MPa. In conclusion, the test showed that the resulting 3D cellular composites offer an innovative and environmentally friendly approach to thermal insulation.

Pengaruh Word of Mouth, Promosi Melalui Medsos dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Keputusan Konsumen dalam Memilih Wedding Organizer Ainasalsabila_Mua Kecamatan Pungging Kabupaten Mojokerto

The public's response to the field of mua services is increasingly developing, so this research aims to analyze and determine the influence of word of mouth variables, promotion through social media and service quality, which have a significant partial and simultaneous effect on consumer decisions in choosing the Ainasalsabila_mua wedding organizer, Pungging District, Mojokerto Regency. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires. Research data sources utilize primary and secondary data. The research method is a quantitative method with the total sample determined using a purposive sampling technique using the Slovin formula of 110 respondents from a population of 150. Based on the test results with SPSS version 26, the results obtained are Y = 0.669 + 0.471X1 + 0.263X2 +0.104X3. Simultaneously using the F test, it proves that the variables word of mouth (X1), promotion via social media (X2) and service quality (X3) have an influence on consumer decisions (Y) significance 0.000. The t test proves that the word of mouth variable (X1) partially has a significant effect on the consumer decision variable with a significance of 0.000. The promotion variable via social media (X2) partially has a significant effect on the consumer decision variable with a significance of 0.000. The service quality variable (X3) partially has a significant influence on the consumer decision variable with a significance of 0.002. The dominant influence using a comparison of beta values proves that the word of mouth variable (X1) is the dominant independent variable influencing the dependent variable, namely consumer decisions, with a beta value of 0.471.

Temporal ecological processes have different seasonal influences on multiple dimensions of riverine insect diversity in China

Abstract An understanding of the relative importance of ecological processes affecting biological communities can assist in interpretations of biodiversity patterns. However, the mechanism behind temporal beta diversity, which refers to the dissimilarity between community structures at different times, remains unclear for aquatic insect communities. Therefore, we collected monthly samples of aquatic insects at five sites in streams from July 2011 to June 2012 in Central China. The five sample sites were located in river sections with perennially flowing water, which were subject to little human disturbance. We examined taxonomic‐ and trait‐based temporal beta diversity patterns of riverine insects across seasons in sites. Taxonomic‐ and trait‐based temporal beta diversity demonstrated a decline with species richness but an increase with the time between sampling dates. Taxonomic‐based temporal beta diversity was significantly higher than trait‐based temporal beta diversity. Turnover (i.e. species replacement) was the main driver of taxonomic‐based temporal beta diversity whereas nestedness (i.e. species gain or loss) contributed more to trait‐based temporal beta‐diversity values. In addition, the correlation between taxonomic‐ and trait‐based temporal beta diversity was weak. Deterministic processes (i.e. operating through physico‐chemical factors and climate) and stochastic processes (i.e. operating through temporal variables) are distinct, but they can act together in influencing the temporal beta diversity of riverine insects. Taxonomic‐based temporal beta diversity was more sensitive to environmental changes than trait‐based temporal beta diversity, and taxonomic shift do not necessarily result in trait changes. The main driver of taxonomic‐based temporal beta diversity changed with the location and components analysed. In contrast, stochastic processes were the most dominant influence on trait‐based temporal beta diversity. Results suggest that taxonomic‐ and trait‐based conservation measures should consider both turnover and nestedness patterns in the protection of riverine insects in China and elsewhere. Additionally, the development of integrated monitoring and management protocols that apply across seasons and life stages should be considered.

Political Regimes, Religious Dominance, and Economic Preferences: Insights from the World Values Survey and Global State of Democracy Indices

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis research explores how political regimes, individual incomes, and religious dominance influence societies' attitudes toward freedom, equality, and income inequality. This work applies an empirical framework on political regimes and socio‐religious contexts to study the impacts of political regimes and socioeconomic variables on individual beliefs about freedom, equality, and income inequality.MethodsUtilizing data from the World Values Survey (WVS) along with the Global State of Democracy (GSoD) indices, the study employs a two‐stage regression model to control for issues of endogeneity. This approach helps to understand differences in preferences for freedom and equality under democratic, authoritarian, and hybrid regimes, along with the influence of income and religious dominance.FindingsThe results show that democratic regimes prioritize equality, especially among the poor and members of non‐dominant religious groups. Under authoritarian regimes, however, high‐income populations tend to favour freedom. Hybrid regimes exhibit varied tendencies, with both income status and religious dominance significantly influencing perceptions of equality.ConclusionThis research contributes to understanding how political, economic, and religious factors shape societal preferences. The results provide insights into the complex interplay between governance, socioeconomic conditions, and individual preferences.

Improving the thermophysical properties of polymer composites

To improve the thermophysical properties of polymer composites, their physicochemical modification was carried out by introducing a microdispersed filler of synthesised aluminium-copper charge into the epoxy resin. Based on the dynamics of thermophysical properties depending on the amount of filler in the synthesised aluminium-copper charge, the optimal content of the additive in the epoxy compound was determined, which is 2...2.5 mass%. The introduction of filler into the epoxy oligomer ensures the production of composites with maximum values of thermal properties. The mechanism of formation of a heterogeneous structure of composites in the presence of microdispersed filler is substantiated. There are three structural levels that are formed after the polymerisation of the material: micro-, meso- and macrostructure. It is shown that in the formation of heterogeneous composites, there is a hierarchical combination of structural levels, and the dominant influence of one of them is determined by the nature and content of the filler. It is substantiated that the structure and properties of the composites are determined by the course of structure formation processes: within a single level, between different levels in a cluster, and between clusters.

Spatial Distribution and Mechanisms of Groundwater Hardness in the Plain Area of Tangshan City, China

Groundwater resources play a critical role in meeting the agricultural, industrial, and domestic water demands of Tangshan, a key industrial city in China. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and the overextraction of groundwater, issues related to groundwater quality have become increasingly apparent. Notably, groundwater hardness has steadily increased over the years, posing risks to human health and elevating industrial water treatment costs. This study analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics and causes of groundwater hardness using 214 groundwater quality samples collected in 2022 from the plain area of Tangshan City, employing inverse distance weighting (IDW), Gibbs diagrams, ion ratios, mineral saturation indices, and Pearson correlation analysis. The results indicate that, in horizontal distribution, high-hardness groundwater is predominantly concentrated in the southern coastal plain area, with hardness gradually decreasing from south to north. Vertically, shallow groundwater in the coastal plain exhibits significantly higher hardness than deep groundwater, with a non-compliance rate of 94.12%, while deep groundwater hardness remains markedly lower. Mid-depth groundwater (60–300 m) in the alluvial plain exhibits elevated hardness, primarily attributed to mineral dissolution and agricultural irrigation return flow. The spatial distribution pattern of groundwater hardness across the study area is predominantly governed by hydrogeochemical processes and hydrochemical environmental factors, with cation exchange adsorption and evaporation–concentration processes identified as the dominant influences. The analysis of ion sources indicates that Ca2+ and Mg2+, the primary contributors to groundwater hardness in the area, are mainly derived from the weathering and dissolution of carbonate minerals, sulfate minerals, and cation exchange processes. Therefore, an in-depth investigation into the spatial distribution and driving factors of groundwater hardness in Tangshan can provide a scientific basis for regional water resource management, pollution control, and water quality optimization. Such research also supports the development of sustainable groundwater management and optimization strategies.

Analisis Marketing Mix 7P terhadap Minat Kunjungan Ulang Pasien di Klinik Khasanah Medika dan Baitul Syifa Tahun 2024

Number of repeat visits from old patients in 2023 at the Baitul Syifa Clinic is 74%, while at the Khasanah Medika Clinic ber of patient visits has an impact on low clinic income, so that Marketing Mix 7P can be used as an appropriate marketing strategy to increase patient interest in repeat visits. The purpose of this research analyze influence Marketing Mix 7P on interest in re-visiting patients at the Baitul Syifa Clinic and Khasanah Medika Clinic and analyzing the variabels that have the most dominant influence on interest in re-visiting patients. This type of research is quantitative research by design cross sectional. Sampling technique with Purposive sampling. The subjects of this research were outpatients at the Baitul Syifa Clinic and Khasanah Medika Clinic. The number of samples in this study was 100 patients from each clinic. The research instrument uses a questionnaire with statistical tests chi square. The research results stated that Marketing Mix 7P has a significant effect on interest in repeat visits by Baitul Syifa clinic patients, including variabels Product with a value of 81% (p=0,000), Price with a value of 79% (p=0,000), Promotion with a value of 78% (p=0,000), Place with a value of 80% (p=0,000), People (p=0,000), Process with a value of 80% (p=0,000), and Physical Evidence with a value of 78% (p=0.000), whereas Marketing Mix at the Khasanah Medika clinic which consists of Product with a value of 80% (p=0,000), Price with a value of 80% (p=0,000), and Place with a value of 78% (p=0.000) has a significant effect on patient interest in repeat visits, other variabels, namely Promotion with a value of 43% (p=0,909), People with a value of 67% (p=0,970), Process with a value of 68% (p=0,268), and Physical Evidence with a value of 48% (p=0.983).

An Optimized GWO-BPNN Model for Predicting Corrosion Fatigue Performance of Stay Cables in Coastal Environments

Corrosion and fatigue damage of high-strength steel wires in cable-stayed bridges in coastal environments can seriously affect the reliability of bridges. Previous studies have focused on isolated factors such as corrosion rates or stress ratios, failing to capture the complex interactions between multiple variables. In response to the critical need for accurate fatigue life prediction of high-strength steel wires under corrosive conditions, this study proposes an innovative prediction model that combines Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) with a Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). The optimized GWO-BPNN model significantly enhances prediction accuracy, stability, generalization, and convergence speed. By leveraging GWO for efficient hyperparameter optimization, the model effectively reduces overfitting and strengthens robustness under varying conditions. The test results demonstrate the model’s high performance, achieving an R2 value of 0.95 and an RMSE of 140.45 on the test set, underscoring its predictive reliability and practical applicability. The GWO-BPNN model excels in capturing complex, non-linear dependencies within fatigue data, outperforming conventional prediction methods. Sensitivity analysis identifies stress range, average stress, and mass loss as primary determinants of fatigue life, highlighting the dominant influence of corrosion and stress factors on structural degradation. These results confirm the model’s interpretability and practical utility in pinpointing key factors that impact fatigue life. Overall, this study establishes the GWO-BPNN model as a highly accurate and adaptable tool, offering substantial support for advancing predictive maintenance strategies and enhancing material resilience in corrosive environments.

Influence of language dominance on crosslinguistic and nonlinguistic interference resolution in bilinguals

Abstract We examined how relative language dominance impacts Spanish–English bilinguals’ crosslinguistic and nonlinguistic interference resolution abilities during a web-based Spanish picture-word interference naming task and a subsequent spatial Stroop paradigm, and the relationship between the two. Results show the expected interference and facilitation effects in the online setting across both tasks. Additionally, participants with greater English dominance had larger within-language, Spanish facilitation and marginally larger crosslinguistic (English to Spanish) interference effects reflected on accuracy performance. Similarly, participants with greater English dominance had larger nonlinguistic congruency facilitation effects. Our results are in line with other studies finding a relation between linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive control. Correlated reaction time performance between the linguistic and nonlinguistic paradigms suggests that overcoming crosslinguistic interference may be partly based on cognitive control processes used outside of language. Modulations by language dominance underline the importance of accounting for relative language proficiency in bilinguals’ two languages when studying bilingualism.

THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY SOCIO-ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT FROM THE FAMILY SUPPORT TEAM ON STUNTING (Cases in Families at Risk of Stunting in Purwadadi District, Ciamis Regency, 2024)

The problem of stunting which a part of the double burden of malnutrition has a very detrimental impact both in terms of health and economic productivity. The causes of stunting are divided into specific factors and sensitive factors. Sensitive factors that are considered to have an influence on the incidence of stunting are the family's socio-economic and also the social support provided by the family support team who have an important role in efforts to prevent stunting. The socio-economic factors that influence the incidence of stunting in risk of stunting families in Purwadadi District are the level of education from the parents, family income level, participation in family planning programs as a contraception acceptor and the number of children in the family. All forms of social support provided by the family support team in the form of informational, instrumental, emotional, appreciation and friendship/social integration support have an influence on the incidence of stunting in families at risk of stunting in Purwadadi District. The social support from the family support team on stunting that has the most dominant influence on the incidence of stunting in families at risk of stunting in Purwadadi District was informational support and friendship/social integration support.

Rainfall Patterns in Indonesian Provinces During El-Nino and La-Nina: FFT and Lomb Periodogram Analysis

Indonesia is a country affected by the El Nino and La Nina climate anomalies. The provinces of Aceh, Central Kalimantan, and Maluku are three regions representing parts of Indonesia that have a variety of rainfall distribution and climatic conditions. This research was conducted to determine the influence of the El Nino and La Nina climate anomalies on these three regions by looking at the areas that have a dominant influence due to these climate anomalies. The research used BMKG Indonesia rainfall data with a total of 16 rainfall stations and a data range of 22 years. The methods used for modeling are the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Lomb Periodogram to obtain rainfall spectrum data. Then, the amplitude value was obtained, and a comparison of the data from the two methods was carried out to determine the recurrence value and the area with the highest impact due to climate anomalies. The results of data analysis according to the FFT and Lomb Periodogram showed that the highest affected area was the eastern part of Indonesia, namely Maluku Province, with the dominant frequency according to the FFT method being 5.61 years with a PSD of 7.67 mm2 and the Lomb Periodogram 6.06 years with a PSD of 18.64 mm2. Based on the average PSD value, using both FFT and Lomb Periodograms, it also shows that the influence of El Nino and La Nina is greatest in the eastern part of Indonesia; as you move towards the west, this influence decreases. The smallest influence occurred in western Indonesia. This shows that the influence of ENSO is more dominant than the influence of IODM.