Domestic Support Research Articles

How compliant is Guyana with its WTO obligations governing trade in goods? Case: Trade Remedies, National Treatment, Agriculture Domestic Support Commitments, and Transparency

How compliant is Guyana with its WTO obligations governing trade in goods? Case: Trade Remedies, National Treatment, Agriculture Domestic Support Commitments, and Transparency

Research on Edge-Computing-Based High Concurrency and Availability “Cloud, Edge, and End Collaboration” Substation Operation Support System and Applications

With the continuous promotion of digital transformation in the field of power transformation, the diversification of application scenarios, and the scale of pilot construction, the real-time, concurrency, and security requirements for data fusion and application support of the power monitoring system, management information system, and other business platforms are getting higher and higher, and this paper puts forward a high concurrency and availability “cloud-side-end collaboration” based on edge computing. This paper proposes a high concurrency and availability “cloud, edge and end collaboration” architecture based on edge computing for substation operation support systems. First, this paper summarizes the development status of domestic substation operation support systems and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various technical architectures. Then, a “cloud-side-end cooperative” substation operation support system architecture with “high real-time, high concurrency, high security and high stability” is proposed, which focuses on remote inspection, remote operation, and remote safety control of substation businesses from the perspective of engineering applications. It realizes transparent monitoring of equipment operation, unified management of operation data, and integration of production command and decision-making; solves the problems of dispersed coexistence of multiple systems for dispatching, monitoring, analysis, management, and other businesses, switching between multiple systems, and insufficient real-time and stability of the system; and controls the risks of the grid, reduces the potential safety hazards, and solves the contradiction between the continuous growth of the grid equipment and the shortage of production personnel. The results of engineering application examples show that the proposed architecture compared with the existing system architecture has greater advantages and can meet the requirements of large-scale access to the substation, with feasible popularization and application.

An orientation model for implementing and sustaining integrated health and social care hubs for early childhood development.

Evidence is emerging on the efficacy of Integrated Health and Social Care (IHSC) hubs to improve the early detection and intervention of developmental vulnerability in children from culturally and linguistically diverse and/or socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. IHSC hub models typically involve co-located child and family health services and non-government organisations, which deliver a range of psychosocial services, for example playgroups, domestic violence support, mental health support, early childhood education. However, there remains a dearth of evidence on how to successfully implement and sustain the integration of health and social care. Our project aimed to evaluate the impact and implementation of IHSC hubs for migrant and refugee populations in three sites in New South Wales, Australia with high proportions of migrant and refugee communities. To help implement and sustain IHSC hubs, we developed an orientation model detailing the operational principles required for successful integration of IHSC hubs. This presentation is based on a qualitative exploration of the barriers and enablers to implementing IHSC hubs in three sites in New South Wales, Australia guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Development of the orientation model involved semi-structured interviews and five workshops with 25 participants including clinicians, providers, and managers from child and family health services and non—government social services to understand their perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to implementing an IHSC hub. Important findings from this work included the need for tangible guidelines that detail the activities that best enable the successful integration of services within a hub model. Our orientation model details the operational principles of integrating health and social services for early childhood health. These include the setting up phase activities of buy-in which details approaches for developing a common agenda and partnership development, which outlines mechanisms for fostering collaboration between health and social services. Following this, our orientation model articulates the need to establish connecting support, including infrastructure governance and resources that support integration between services; ongoing integration activities such as the feedback mechanisms and ongoing communication channels necessary for successful integration; and activities that enhance a hubs relevance for the community it services. This model establishes key components for implementing IHSC hubs, which are garnering increasing attention in early childhood contexts globally. Future work will involve disseminating the orientation model broadly across child and family health and social services and evaluating the uptake of the model in broader contexts.

Türkiye Sığır Eti Piyasasının Değerlendirilmesi: Mevcut Durum ve Gelecek Tahmini

Although beef production has substantially increased in the last two decades in Turkey, market balance could not be realized and price of beef have perpetually increased. Self-sufficiency of the country could not be achieved yet in spite of domestic supports and import protection on cattle sector. The objective of this review was to assess the developments in Turkish beef market in terms of production, prices, import and support policies since 2000. The material of this study is related literature, official documents and time series data for beef market. The results of this review indicated that beef production has increased in Turkey in the last two decades and the share of beef in total read meat production has increased from 63% to 78.3%. Although the government has granted some supports in order to lessen the high production costs such as breeding material and feed, high costs and price rises in beef production couldn’t be prevented. Besides, the beef-milk parity highlighted that profitability of dairy farming has lessened in contrast to beef breeding and the producers would confront breeding material problem in the long run. Livestock supports should be revised in order to encourage mixed type of production and unionization should be improved to alleviate costs and enhance marketing channels.

Domestic turmoil and diversionary hypothesis: A linear relationship?

Why do individual case studies reveal evidence in favor of diversionary behavior by states, yet quantitative studies often produce many mixed results? In this paper, I help to explain this puzzle by arguing that there is a curvilinear relationship between internal conflict and external diversionary behavior as opposed to a linear one. By looking at contentious issues mainly in the Western Hemisphere from 1962 to 2001 using data from the Issue Correlates of War (ICOW) project, I find that countries with moderate levels of domestic unrest are most likely to initiate a militarized interstate conflict. Furthermore, I find that in times of elite unrest, states are more likely to have diversionary behaviors. In contrast, mass unrest is unlikely to incentivize states to use foreign policy adventures to rally domestic support. Such a finding helps deepen our understanding of the complex conditions leading to diversionary actions.

Conflict as a Strategic Imperative in Putin’s Political Agenda: A Fundamental Component of Russia’s Strategic Framework

This paper delves into the nuanced motivations underpinning Russia’s 2014 invasion of Ukraine, centered on preserving stability for Putin’s regime. Examining the intricate interplay between domestic and foreign concerns, the invasion emerged as a pivotal strategy to bolster domestic support and reinforce Russian leadership. Post-2012, Putin, in consolidating power through internal policies and external assertiveness, responded to catalysts – opposition protests in 2012 and Ukraine’s “Revolution of Dignity” in 2014. State-controlled media played a crucial role in shaping narratives, framing the invasion as a defense against alleged Western “imperialist” threats. The paper scrutinises Putin’s strategic evolution, highlighting the convergence of historical events, opposition dynamics, and media narratives in shaping the rationale behind Russia’s impactful incursion into Ukraine.

Urbanization and Women’s Social Status: Progress and Challenges in China

This paper examined the relationship between urbanization and women's social status by analyzing China's case from 2010 to 2022. The paper first analyzed how the conditions have improved in aspects of education, pay, health, and gender conceptions, then identified challenges that still exist, including underrepresentation of women in STEM fields, reduced employment, unhealthy mental conditions, and domestic violence. According to the challenges and based on successful cases in other parts of the world, the promotion of gender-sensitive education, encouragement to react to gender discrimination, promotion of social support, and provision of domestic violence support programs are suggested. The analysis of China's case on the problem showed that urbanization influenced women's social status both positively and negatively. Urbanization provides women with a wide variety of opportunities for personal development and independence attainment but may expose them to mental health issues, reduced employment, and domestic violence. Problems including the limited number of women working in STEM fields remain unsolved due to cultural norms and conventional gender conceptions.

The United States facing allies’ populist blackmail: Why the Philippines and Turkey threatened to realign with China and Russia

Abstract Given China and Russia’s increasingly aggressive behaviour, balance of threat theory posits that formal US allies should close ranks behind the United States. The literature on alliance politics reinforces this logic by showing that alliances deter aggression and reduce the occurrence of war. Recent developments, however, have somewhat undermined these claims, as the president of the Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, and the president of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, publicly threatened to break ranks with Washington and to realign with China and Russia respectively. How can we make sense of such defiant behaviour? This article argues that populist blackmail elucidates this phenomenon and compares it to three alternative propositions: conventional bandwagoning, bandwagoning for profit, and hard hedging. Based on empirical evidence, the article reveals that the provocative statements of Duterte and Erdogan were not a genuine push for realignment with Beijing and Moscow, but rather political strategies designed to enhance their bargaining power with Washington in the hopes of securing certain concessions, while simultaneously galvanising domestic support to justify their raison d’être and to secure their hold on power. Furthermore, the article infers that two concomitant factors – political grievances and the perceived lack of security assurance – propelled both presidents to resort to blackmail.

Addressing Suicide Risk Among Immigrant Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem contributing to multiple morbidities. Immigrant women who experience IPV may be disproportionately vulnerable to poor mental health outcomes, including self-harm and suicidal ideation, due to cultural experiences and contextual factors that prevent them from accessing services. While existing studies identify the risks for suicidal ideation amongst survivors of IPV, there is limited knowledge on how to tailor strategies to support immigrant women survivors of IPV who experience suicidal ideation. This study was conducted as part of the formative phase of a longitudinal research project designed to develop and evaluate a safety planning intervention for immigrant women survivors of IPV. Using qualitative in-depth interviews, we explored the perspectives of immigrant women survivors of IPV (n = 46) from various countries of origin, ages, and educational backgrounds on effective strategies for supporting immigrant women who disclose suicidal ideation. Study participants discussed various strategies for supporting survivors including building trust, providing encouragement, strengthening social support networks, and reminding survivors of parental responsibilities. Participants also pointed to the importance of the following services: domestic violence support, faith-based health resources, supportive immigration programs, mental health support, and emergency and medical treatment. These findings are informative for researchers and practitioners who work with immigrant women survivors of IPV, and they can be used to develop appropriate safety protocols and support strategies for survivors who are experiencing or have previously experienced suicidal ideation to mitigate the risk of self-harm.

Reporting Public Diplomacy at Home: Taiwanese Media News Coverage of the New Southbound Policy

Public diplomacy is about attracting foreign public attention; however, domestic public support is no less critical. The domestic public's support and understanding are equally essential to diplomatic activities abroad, and it depends on the information they receive about the policy. When the Taiwanese government claims that NSP (New Southbound Policy) received positive support from the public, how do they make those claims? What kind of information about the NSP is received by the Taiwanese public? This study analyzes the NSP-related news in Taiwanese media to answer this question. It focuses on Liberty Times Network (LTN) and United Daily News (UDN) coverage of the NSP since 2016. The text and sentiment analysis of their reports show that although they have different political orientations, overall, both LTN and UDN are generally positive in their reporting on NSP, although UDN is more critical. These results indicate that media polarization occurred in the report, sentiment analysis shows that the difference was insignificant. This situation may indicate that in the case of the NSP case, media polarization in Taiwan is not in effect for shaping public opinion. Keywords: news, media, public, diplomacy, nsp.

Are Friendly Robots Trusted More? An Analysis of Robot Sociability and Trust

Older individuals prefer to maintain their autonomy while maintaining social connection and engagement with their family, peers, and community. Though individuals can encounter barriers to these goals, socially assistive robots (SARs) hold the potential for promoting aging in place and independence. Such domestic robots must be trusted, easy to use, and capable of behaving within the scope of accepted social norms for successful adoption to scale. We investigated perceived associations between robot sociability and trust in domestic robot support for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). In our multi-study approach, we collected responses from adults aged 65 years and older using two separate online surveys (Study 1, N = 51; Study 2, N = 43). We assessed the relationship between perceived robot sociability and robot trust. Our results consistently demonstrated a strong positive relationship between perceived robot sociability and robot trust for IADL tasks. These data have design implications for promoting robot trust and acceptance of SARs for use in the home by older adults.

Summary of the Best Evidence for Nutritional Support in Patients with Acute Gastrointestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease

[Abstract] Objective: To retrieve, evaluate and integrate the best evidence summary of nutritional support for patients with acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at home and abroad. Methods: According to the “6S” model, domestic and foreign computer decision support systems, guideline networks, websites of relevant professional societies or institutions, professional books, and comprehensive databases were systematically searched to screen literatures related to nutritional support for patients with acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease, including guidelines, clinical decision-making, evidence summary, expert consensus, expert opinion, systematic review, and original research. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to March 2023. Five researchers evaluated the quality of the literature, extracted evidence and integrated it. Results: A total of 12 articles were included, including 1 clinical decision, 4 guidelines, 1 evidence summary, 1 expert consensus, 3 systematic reviews, 1 cohort study, 1 expert opinion,. A total of 14 best evidences were summarized from 4 aspects, including scientific diet and tolerance assessment, nutrient selection, nutritional support method selection, and multidisciplinary cooperation. Conclusions: This study systematically integrates the relevant evidence of nutritional support in patients with acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease, and can provide evidence-based evidence for nutritional support in patients with acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease. When applying evidence, it is recommended that clinical nurses comprehensively consider the actual clinical situation and the wishes of patients, and carefully select evidence. Keywords acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease，nutritional support，malnutrition，evidence-based nursing

“Rally around the flag” effects in the Russian–Ukrainian war

Following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, the grounds behind Vladimir Putin’s decision were widely debated. Theories suggest several reasons, including Putin’s nostalgic dream of restoring Soviet imperial glory, Russia’s fears of NATO security threats near their borders. But another explanation may be more prosaic: Putin’s desire to restore his sagging popularity at home by attempting to repeat his 2014 “Crimea” strategy. By annexing territories in Eastern Ukraine, he may have hoped to generate a “rally-around-the flag” effect, boosting his domestic support by appealing to Russian patriotism and nationalism. To examine this thesis, Part I outlines the core concept and what is known in the literature about the size and duration of the rally-around-the flag phenomenon. Part II examines the available time-series survey evidence drawn from a variety of opinion polls in Ukraine, Europe, and Russia focusing on the first 8 months of the war to detect any rally effects associated with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Part III examines the evidence of media effects. Part IV adds robustness tests. The conclusion in Part V summarizes the main findings and discusses their broader implications for understanding the roots of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and its consequences.

Food security and trade: public stockholding through the lens of economies and law

PurposeThe debate to find a solution for domestic price support under the WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AOA) has been a long one. The stance of India is critical to determine due to its large population. This paper aims to analyse the benefits or demerits of minimum price support and what approach could be adopted by India.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a mix of both analytical and theoretical research. The paper first provides a background on the issues related to public stockholding and further analyses some data at which India procures wheat and rice from the farmers and then compares it with retail market prices in India.FindingsThe paper finds that the difference in price between minimum price support and retail market prices in India for wheat and rice is minimal. Therefore, the concern that India might be taking advantage of the minimum price is uncalled for. India also needs to balance its own interests as well as abide by its WTO obligations. The paper finds that cooperation among countries or regional blocks might help to address the problem of food insecurity.Originality/valueThe paper portrays India’s stance with regard to WTO AOA as well as studies the Indian market for wheat and rice.

Agricultural support policies and GHG emissions from agriculture in Latin America: relationships and policy implications for climate change

Domestic support policies for farmers and agriculture, through their price effect, have been deemed potentially environmentally harmful; for example, in developing countries, agricultural prices have been set- below the world market prices, aiming to secure low retail prices for urban consumers. This practice has lowered producer prices, and thereby prevented farmers from adopting ecofriendly production techniques. This study uses policy data —market price support (MPS) and general service support estimates (GSSE) as shares of total support estimate (TSE)— and greenhouse gases (GHG) data for main crops and livestock sectors in 18 Latin-American countries and it applies cluster analysis to construct a typology that highlights patterns between policy incentives for agricultural crops and activities and GHG emissions. The results suggest that an increase in the TSE and/or MPS comprising a large share of the TSE leads to an increase in GHGs. Conversely, GHGs fall when GSSE comprise a larger share of the TSE.

Support worker’s experiences of self-disclosure within domestic abuse support services and women’s voluntary, community, and social enterprise (VCSE) organizations: a qualitative enquiry

ABSTRACT This article examines the experiences of self-disclosure of women’s support workers within domestic abuse support organizations in England. This research considers the voice of women support workers from a feminist epistemological perspective using thematic analysis , and invites the consideration of who decides readiness to work in the sector, and the appropriateness of organizations making this decision for women who wish to work in the milieu of domestic abuse support work. Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were held with twelve women support workers who identified their lived experience of surviving domestic abuse. Three key themes were generated through thematic analysis (ibid.): women’s choice in making a disclosure regarding lived experience, the impact of non-disclosure policies of women’s organizations on practitioners and the sense of hope emanating from practitioners with lived experience of domestic abuse. The findings from this study make a useful contribution to an under-researched and overlooked area within research on violence against women, that of the women who undertake such vital work in the sector.

“Losing the Maid” Contradictory Dynamics of Social Class, Race, and Gender in the Migration Experiences of Mexican Expat Wives

This study analyzes and offers a novel perspective on the complex and, at times, contradictory dynamics of class, race, and gender in the context of high-skilled migration by unpacking the significance of losing la muchacha (the maid) in the migratory experiences of Mexican expat wives. When Mexican (upper) middle-class women migrate to Western countries, they are confronted with the loss of extensive domestic support that they had previously taken for granted, leaving them to deal with the domestic burden while their husbands develop their international careers. This not only deepens gendered inequalities within their families but also challenges their middle-class habitus because commanding help has been an essential part of their upbringing and social position. Using grounded theory methodology to analyze data from 37 in-depth interviews, we found that participants responded to this situation by either trying to reproduce the patronal relationship in their new country of residence or — often after many years of living there — by adjusting to what they considered a more “civilized,” “western,” or “European” mind frame, incorporating a lower reliance on domestic help into their understanding of middle-class status. These migrants never explicitly challenged the underlying power structures in terms of gender, race, and class but learned to navigate privileges by adapting racial and social class codes to those of their host countries while mourning the Mexican domestic service paradise.

The role of dental professionals in identifying, reporting, and supporting domestic violence victims.

Domestic violence is a pervasive social issue affecting individuals across all demographics and has severe consequences for both the victims and society. Domestic violence is commonly defined as the exertion of power by one individual over another within a relationship, aiming to establish a sense of fear, control, and authority. The connection between domestic violence and oral health is established, with common oral health issues associated with domestic violence, such as dental trauma, head and neck bruises and injuries as well as facial fractures. Dental professionals play a crucial role in detecting signs of domestic violence by closely examining the head and neck region and the oral cavity during routine examinations. The significance of approaching patients suspected of experiencing domestic violence with sensitivity and empathy is of utmost importance. Recommendations include establishing trust, maintaining confidentiality, using open-ended questions, and providing information about local resources. Legal and ethical considerations are paramount, highlighting the obligations of dental professionals in cases of suspected domestic violence, including mandatory reporting laws and the balance between patient autonomy and safety. Challenges faced by dental professionals in reporting and intervening are discussed as well in this narrative review, emphasizing the importance of collaboration with other healthcare professionals and support services. This review underscores the vital role of dental care providers in recognizing signs of domestic violence, promoting intervention and support, and contributing to the well-being and safety of individuals impacted by domestic violence.

The Effectiveness of Promoting a Vegetable and Fruit Consumption Behavior Program among Preschool Children in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

This study aimed to design a program for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption behaviors among preschool children based on a domestic social support framework, with the goal of increasing their fruit and vegetable intake. This quasi-experimental study involved a set sample of preschool children and their caregivers who were randomly selected based on specific inclusion criteria. The study included 96 pairs of preschool-aged children and their caregivers, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the program, while the control group continued with their regular activities. The program development drew inspiration from the caregiving practices in Muang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat. The assessment tools included a preschooler’s eating behavior evaluation and a knowledge test for caregivers regarding children’s fruit and vegetable consumption and the ways to enhance it. Furthermore, experts approved the fruit and vegetable eating behavior assessment among the preschoolers, and a handbook for nurses and primary caregivers affirmed their suitability within the caregiver support framework. The developmental findings suggested that a 10-week program was appropriate and showed a promise in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among the preschoolers. The findings, notably in the experimental group, demonstrate that caregivers should increase their knowledge of, and exhibit behavioral support in, fruit and vegetable consumption among preschoolers, and that this will eventually reflect a positive impact on preschoolers’ dietary habits.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Internal, External Causes and Treatments

This paper mainly focuses on Obsessive-compulsive disorder and its related information. The disorder happens all over the world and among all age groups. At the same time, the rate of occurrence of OCD has increased over the years. This article has discussed how OCD has been defined and examined, as well as both aspects of causes, internal and external, from some major factors. OCD patients may struggle with obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, most of which would influence their daily routines and interactions with people. Yet the symptoms wont be unable to reduce. Suggestions such as domestic support and social welfare regarding OCD have been separately analyzed. Meantime, the 3 most common treatments Cognitive behavioral therapy, Exposure and response prevention, and Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been mentioned. What has been realized is the specific root cause for OCD hasnt been found and more causes may have not been discovered yet. To this end, more investigations, possibilities of treatments or combinations may be evaluated in the future to gain further acknowledgements and better.