Servants Research Articles

Identification of Effective Factors on Public Oversight of Public Policies with a Crowdsourcing Approach Using Thematic Analysis and DEMATEL Techniques

Objective: The primary goal of this article is to identify the factors influencing public oversight of public policies using a crowdsourcing approach with thematic analysis and DEMATEL techniques. Methodology: The research methodology is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In addition to documentary studies, thematic analysis technique has been utilized. The statistical population in this study comprised all experts in the field of public policy-making, managers, and public health professionals, with theoretical saturation achieved after 16 interviews. Eventually, basic, organizing, and global themes were extracted, and in the quantitative part, the DEMATEL technique was used to determine the impact and influence of factors on public oversight of public policies with a crowdsourcing approach. Findings: This study identified 15 dimensions (health service capacities, motivational factors, environmental factors, internal policies, domestic infrastructure, executive factors, development and education of public services in health, development of domestic services, globalization of public services, development of knowledge sharing policies and services, structural issues, laws and regulations, cultural factors, financial management) and 32 components and 159 indicators were extracted. Through the DEMATEL method in the quantitative section, 8 influential components and 7 influenced components were identified. Conclusion: The studies indicated that among the identified dimensions, the dimension of health service capacities has the highest importance in terms of impact and requires special attention, while the dimension of cultural factors is the most influenced dimension that is affected by other dimensions.

An Aging World Relies on Migrant Care Workers

Around the world, societies are aging. Most governments have not prepared well for this demographic change, which requires a recalibration of existing social support programs like state pension and health care systems. Piecemeal state solutions have generated a reliance on migrant workers in elder care. This has worsened global inequalities in health care, subjected migrants to poor working conditions and exploitation, and revived racialized forms of domestic service for wealthy households in high-income countries. Finding fairer and more sustainable solutions to the demographic transition calls for innovative thinking and creative adaptation.

Д. Исабеков шығармасындағы «сүйекші» концептісінің көрінісі және орыс, ағылшын тілдеріндегі аудармада берілуі

The article is devoted to the study of the reflection of D. Issabekov’s individual author’s concept “suyekshi” in his work of the same title and the difficulties of reproduction in translations into Russian and English, taking into account the national and cultural characteristics of this concept. Since all three languages have their own linguistic features, it can be seen that there are differences in the historical causes of the mentality, worldview, and development of general concept. In the article, the authors demonstrate a cultural approach to the concept and prove that linguistic and cultural difficulties often arise in the process of translating the concept “suyekshi”. The authors adhere to the opinion about the concept as having a meaning-generating function. The study revealed that the volume and content of the concept “suyekshi” depends on the individual cognitive experience of the author and are largely determined by the living conditions and culture of the people. These differences in the meaning of the word “suyekshi” most clearly appear in translation, when it is necessary to adequately transfer this concept in the Kazakh language by means of the Russian and English languages. As a result, article determined with the help of a comparative method, national and cultural characteristics, and identified translation strategies.The results and conclusions of the study contribute to filling the theory and practice of domestic literary translation with scientific content, contribute to the scientific and theoretical substantiation of the relationship between language and culture and its manifestation in translation, to identifying trends occurring in the translation of domestic works into other languages in general.

Analysis of Indonesia’s Human Resource Development

Lack of human resource skills and low educational attainment are still problems related to human resources in Indonesia. According to the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), which represents 258,000 members in more than 165 countries, one of the main challenges for Indonesian human resources today is competition. They believe that the demand for qualified and trained human resources throughout the world has increased, but productivity and quality of human resources are still very low at present. In Indonesia itself, data shows that the number of workers has a low level of education. The Central Statistics Agency noted that Indonesia’s working population will reach 139.85 million people in August 2023. Based on their level of education, the domestic working population is dominated by elementary school graduates and below, the number reached 51.49 million people or contributed 36.82% of the total working population in the country. Then there were 24.85 million junior high school graduate workers, or 17.77%. Meanwhile, the working population with high school graduates is 28.33 million people or accounts for 20.25%. Meanwhile, 17.33 million Indonesian workers are vocational school graduates. The proportion reached 12.40%. Meanwhile, the population of university graduates is recorded at 14.44 million people, or 10.32% of the total working population nationally. Lastly, the number of workers graduating from Diploma I/II/III is the lowest, namely only 3.41 million people or 2.44%. Education level can indicate the quality and productivity of the workforce. According to the scope of work, the majority of the working population in Indonesia works in the informal sector, namely 59.11%. Meanwhile, the other 40.89% work in the formal sector. Because most human resources have limited skills and a low level of education, it will be difficult to increase the productivity and quality of human resources to compete. In the current era of advanced technology and industrialization, human resources are needed who can develop, think more advanced and are able to adapt to the times. The quality of human resources is the key to the country’s future success. Superior and competitive human resources mean that Indonesia is treated equally and respected by other countries. The quality of Indonesia’s human resources is still weak, therefore training and development needs to be carried out to improve quality. This research aims to analyze human resource development in Indonesia. Data was analyzed qualitatively. The results of the research show that Indonesian human resources have developed through education and training. This can be improved in order to achieve increased quality of human resources.

Ulusötesi Ailelere Kavramsal Bir Açılım: Sıradışı Uzak Mesafe Aileler

Transnational families are among the by-products of global capitalism, the feminization of migration and the globalization of care work. Transnational families owe their existence to the rise of communication and transportation technologies, economic transformations, and cultural features in their countries of origin and destination. A transnational family is different from an ordinary immigrant family. The defining factor is not the act of cross-border movement of the family, but the dispersion of the family, nuclear or extended, across international borders, where different family members spend time in one or another country depending on various factors. The emergence of transnational family experience relates to economic, political, social, and cultural factors, and has far-reaching causes and consequences. This study offers a new conceptual approach to the discussion of transnational families departing from Judith Stacey’s (1996) “postmodern family condition”. As a family arrangement made possible in the postmodern family condition, transnational families better describe situations in which families are not visible yet not absent, not necessarily broken but separated. Transnational families require a whole new understanding and definition of familial relationships, which should focus on the fluid nature of those in the absence of a concrete family setting. The role of immigrant women in such a family structure stands as a challenge to the stereotypical “modern family” as defined by Stacey; hence, enabling the conceptualization of transnational families as part of the postmodern condition. The impact transnational family experience has on various actors involved is examined by asking some fundamental questions such as: How are the decisions concerning who migrate under what conditions taken? How does the transnational family experience affect gender relations? What are the global and local conditions that make this experience possible? This study employs a three-layered approach to analyze the issue. First, the structural backdrop to transnational families is analysed; namely, the expansion of global capitalism that feeds female labour migration and the demand for the service sector, especially domestic care services. Second, the changes in the concept of family due to societal structural transformations and the emergence of new family forms are discussed. Third, the consequences of the first two aspects of the experience of transnational family life and its impact on parties involved at various levels are analysed: providers of care work and their families (parents, children, and extended family members), receivers of care work (employers and their families), and mediators of global care work (agencies and states).

서비스스케이프가 외식산업 직원의 직무만족 및 고객지향성에 미치는 영향

This study examined the influence relationship between servicescape, job satisfaction, and customer orientation in domestic food service industry. Also, it exammined mediating effects of job stress on servicescape and job satisfaction. A survey was conducted during July 2023 for empirical study, and 263 samples out of the 300 were considerred valid. A factor analysis was conducted to extract three factors from independent variables, servicescape; ‘function-convenience’, ‘safety’, and ‘pleasantness’. The mediating variable is ‘job stress’. while the dependent variables are ‘job satisfaction’ and ‘customer orientation’. There are eleven hypotheses, of which six were accepted. In this study, job satisfaction was positively affected by the servicescape’s ‘safety’ and ‘pleasantness’. Job satisfaction affects customer orientation, whereas the servicescape’s ‘safety’ indirectly affects job satisfaction by the mediating effect of job stress. As a result, a structural relationship between servicescape, job satisfaction, and customer orientation in fastfood restaurant was confirmed. In addition, it complements previous research theories by verifying mediating effect of job stress. There are academic and practical implications for foodservice companies that expect to develop detailed servicescape strategies.

A novel two-stage dynamic pricing model for logistics planning using an exploration–exploitation framework: A multi-armed bandit problem

Dynamic pricing is utilized as a tool for determining pricing strategies in different sectors, such as the food industries, airline companies, and transportation services. Dynamic pricing aims to maximize revenue based on learning the price-demand relationship. It is imperative to perform price change testing within a short time frame since rapid changes can negatively impact the market. Therefore, there are two conflicting objectives: maximizing revenue and learning the demand function, which is called the exploration–exploitation concept. In this study, we propose an exploration–exploitation framework, focused on the domestic delivery service of Tipax Express Pars Company (TEPC), to determine the optimal selling price. In the exploration process, the initial demand function is proposed based on previous sales data using weighted linear regression. Then, the selling price and delivery lead-time parameters are incorporated into the demand function hypotheses. After that, the value of the optimal demand function parameters is determined based on the Z-Price Changes Algorithm (ZPCA). In the exploitation process, price optimization is designed as a Multi-armed Bandit (MAB) problem and solved using (i) Upper Confidence Bound Method (UCBM) (i.e., deterministic approach), and (ii) Thompson Sampling Method (TSM) (i.e., stochastic approach). The proposed exploration–exploitation framework is evaluated in 361 days, of which the exploration and exploitation durations are 31 and 330 days, respectively. In this study, 10,000 demand functions are investigated, which leads to the complexity of the developed model. The cross-validation approach, based on Mean Squared Error (MSE), is developed to decrease the complexity of the proposed model. A simulation study of 500 simulations demonstrates that TSM is more useful than UCBM because its solution is more robust. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that TEPC can gain maximum total expected revenue, maximum total number of selections during the exploitation stage, and maximum actual demand using a gaining market share strategy.

Protection for pets and people: The critical need for increased federal funding for pet‐friendly domestic violence services

AbstractThe research linking pet abuse with domestic violence is overwhelming. Pet abuse is a significant indicator that a human family member is suffering too. Further, victims are likely to become abusers themselves, perpetuating the intertwined cycles of pet abuse and domestic violence. Most women in domestic violence shelters report that their pet was also victimized. However, since few domestic violence shelters in the U.S. accommodate pets, victims must decide between leaving their pet to endure further abuse, or delaying their own escape. Current federal grants do not meet the demand for funding. This Note proposes an Amendment to the PAWS Act, requiring the federal government to match state contributions to projects that expand access to pet‐friendly shelters.

TRENDS IN HR MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTERPRISE

The purpose of this article is to assess the possibility of introducing new approaches to personnel management into domestic practice. Summarizing the results of the study, we can note the following: there is a discrepancy in the study of HR management issues in domestic scientific works and foreign scientific thought. Recent studies by Ukrainian scholars are related to the assessment of international experience in HR practices, adaptation of domestic HR systems to external challenges (war, pandemic, etc.). Foreign works are devoted to the disclosure of the theoretical and practical foundations of the application of new HR practices, empirical research of the effectiveness and efficiency of their implementation, and case studies. In the light of the trend in HR management to take into account the interests of the employee and ensure his/her well-being, the following newest HR practices have been selected for implementation in domestic enterprises: personalized human resource management; management practices based on corporate social responsibility; HR co-creation; Agile HR. Among the disadvantages and problems of applying personalized human resource management is the lack of time and personnel in the HR department to select an individual management strategy for each employee if the company is medium or large in size. The difficulty of assessing employee well-being can be an obstacle to implementing the principles of corporate social responsibility in human resources management. It is necessary to take a balanced approach to the formation of a system of direct and indirect indicators of employee satisfaction to obtain a true assessment. A rather patriarchal society, which is characterised by top-down implementation of innovations rather than the design of new HR management practices with the involvement of outsiders, may be an obstacle to the introduction of HR co-creation approaches. The main obstacle to the introduction of Agile HR may be the reluctance to change the organisational structure of HR management, as well as the reluctance of staff to abandon template solutions. Prospects for further research in the subject of this article are related to the assessment of the readiness of domestic enterprises to introduce innovations in the field of HR management.

Evaluation of Domestic Solid Waste Management in Cai Rang District, Can Tho City, Vietnam

The study was conducted to evaluate the management of domestic solid waste in Cai Rang district, Can Tho city. The study conducted sampling of domestic solid waste from 20 households in four wards Le Binh, Hung Phu, Ba Lang, and Tan Phu within 07 days from March 6 to 12, 2023. At the same time, three groups of subjects including 120 households, 3 Environmental Managers, and 3 employees of Urban Environment Joint Stock Company were interviewed to collect information. The result showed that the average domestic solid waste generation coefficient reached 0.28 kg/person/day, and the amount of domestic solid waste generated can reach about 11,027.3 tons by the end of 2023. Of which, up to 91% of the volume of domestic solid waste was recyclable, including 52% of biodegradable organic waste, and 39% of recyclable waste. As for domestic solid waste management, there was still a limitation in classifying waste at source, this rate only fluctuates between 43.4-86.7%. Besides, the rate of households registered for domestic solid waste collection service had a difference between urban and rural areas, fluctuating from 76.7-96.7%. After being collected, domestic solid waste was transported to the Can Tho household waste incineration plant (EB plant). Meanwhile, the remaining amount of domestic solid waste was treated using unsanitary landfill methods, and thrown into rivers, causing environmental pollution, and public health. Although propaganda activities related to domestic solid waste management were carried out in four wards in Cai Rang district, Can Tho city. However, the level of implementation of these activities was not regular. From that, the study identified a number of difficulties in domestic solid waste management, including solid waste that was not completely classified at source, and garbage collection services that were not organized throughout the area. The district lacked specialized waste collection vehicles after classification, and public propaganda, and education work were limited. This research will help local authorities come up with specific solutions to improve the quality of solid waste management in Cai Rang district, Can Tho city.

Problems of software import substitution in HEIs

Adoption of IT innovations is a challenge for higher education organizations, and the main reason for the difficulties is not the failure innovations’ implementation, but the failure of fulfillment - the inability to get each employee to use the innovation in a skilled, consistent and committed way. It is important for HEIs that the innovation is accepted and supported by staff and that the HEI realizes some economic benefits as a result of the implementation. In order to manage the process of resistance to innovation in higher education institutions, it is first necessary to recognize the causes of resistance to changes, then to consider a possible strategic approach, formulate tactics and methods of levelling the resistance to changes. The research paper considers software import substitution in higher education institutions as an innovative project. It is noted that higher education institutions face a number of difficulties in the transition from predominantly foreign software to domestic analogues, such as the lack of experience of teachers and students in using domestic digital services and solutions, the need to transfer data from one system to another, and additional costs for the replacement of licensed software. The paper presents recommendations for the management of departments aimed at levelling the resistance in the process of transition to new software.

Book Review: Home Economics: Domestic Service and Gender in Urban Southern Africa by Hepburn, Sacha

Book Review: <i>Home Economics: Domestic Service and Gender in Urban Southern Africa</i> by Hepburn, Sacha

Converging economies of care? Immigrant women workers across 17 countries and four care regimes.

This study analyses 17 care economies using 2016 Luxembourg Income Study data to contribute to extant debate regarding the ongoing utility of care regimes as a classificatory schema for cross-national comparison. Examining similarities and differences in the provision of low-status work in health, education, social work, and domestic services - the 'care economy' - the data reveal devaluation of the labour done by immigrant women care workers, net of national and regime-level variation. In addition, numerous similarities across liberal, corporatist, social democratic, and central and eastern European care regimes emerge, in terms of the overrepresentation of immigrant women in low status care work, and the disproportionate financial penalties these workers incur. Together, findings suggest that notwithstanding national and policy-specific differences, there has been considerable convergence across economies of care towards a 'migrant in the market' model of employment. Such large-scale evidence of this trend calls into question the ongoing efficacy of care regimes for national comparisons of migrant care work under conditions of neoliberal globalization.

Migration, racial capitalism, and Indigenous women: Re-Reading the gendered and racialized histories of U.S./Mexican migration

ABSTRACT Studies of Mexican migration to the United States posit that from the 1940s to the 1970s rural men were migrant protagonists while women stayed home. If women migrated, they relied upon men’s established networks. However, archival and ethnographic research with Indigenous Zapotec women from the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, disrupts this narrative and demonstrates how women – instead of men – pioneered migrant networks. Originally employed in domestic service in Mexico City, Zapotec women leveraged work relationships to find opportunities in the United States. Subsequently, they helped other women to migrate. Studies have never documented these women-led migrant networks. Drawing on the analytic of racial capitalism, this article argues that Indigenous women’s migration was not an anomaly, but rather a key aspect of the gendered and racialized logics of accumulation that subsidised economic growth in Mexico during the ‘Mexican Miracle’ (1940s to the 1970s). Accordingly, while Zapotec women found opportunity in international migration, they were rendered surplus through a similar racialized logic that devalued their reproductive labour on both sides of the border. This article contributes to studies of U.S./Mexican migration by centreing the historical geographies of racialized accumulation logics when exploring how Indigenous Mexicans have moved to the United States.

Symbolic Meanings of Cooking in Enid Blyton’s The Famous Five Series

Food and food preparation are the elements that usually reveals in works of literature. Its recurrent motif raises the assumption that they must contain some meanings in social and cultural realm. This paper analyses the symbolic meanings of cooking, as part of food preparation, in the British children work of literature, The Famous Five, written by Enid Blyton. The analysis uses theory of semiology proposed by Roland Barthes on denotative and connotative meanings and it is conducted through close-reading. The analysis results in how cooking becomes: first, a routine obligation, where the women cook mostly spend their time doing their work in the kitchen and work orderly to please; second, cooking as a marker of maturity for coming-of-age girls, in which teenage becomes the time marker that a girl must be able to cook; third, cooking as a marker of gender-based job division, where women should involve in domestic works, while men dedicate in public sphere. The children’s literature becomes one of the effective tools to embed the values and beliefs in children’s mind as childhood is the golden age to receive any information through the children’s senses.

Penentuan Jenis dan Wilayah Prioritas Pelayanan Sistem Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik di Kecamatan Rancasari Kota Bandung

Rancasari Subdistrict is located in Bandung City, comprises four urban villages, encompassing 0,19 km2 with six blocks of light slum areas. Slum areas are areas that tend to have more vulnerable environmental conditions due to the minimal availability of environmental infrastructure, one of which is sanitation facilities. Based on this, Rancasari subdistrict needs to determine the type of domestic wastewater management system service and priority service areas. Determination of the service type of domestic wastewater management system is determined based on Attachment 1 of Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Number 4 of 2017, while priority areas are determined based on Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2022, Regional Regulations Bandung City Number 10 of 2015, and the area of slum settlements in each village. Rancasari Subdistrict is suitable for on-site system, while the main priority area is Manjahlega Village, then Mekarjaya, Derwati, and Cipamokolan. It is necessary to develop domestic wastewater management system facilities in the main priority area in the form of development of existing communal septic tanks and communal wastewater treatment facility, as well as the closure of piped domestic wastewater disposal facility leading to the Cidurian River to stop open defecation.

Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States by Domestic Violence Coalition Leaders.

This U.S. study explores lessons learned about domestic violence service delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic identified by state, territory, and tribal coalition leadership to advance preparedness and guide structural improvements for future disasters. Semi-structured interviews with 25 Coalition leaders identified public health control measures and victim-centered strategies used to mitigate the pandemic's impacts on services and advocacy. Three main themes emerged: workforce innovations, system empowerment, and the simultaneous pandemic of racial injustice. The COVID-19 pandemic inspired Coalitions to respond creatively and highlighted resources needed to support survivors and the domestic violence (DV) workforce going forward, including reassessing the current state of the DV movement.

Relationship between External Domestic Debt and Economic Growth

Purpose: Pakistan is surrounded by serious socio-economic problems. Due to the low tax base and double deficit, Pakistan has to rely on internal and external capital flows. Foreign capital flows are not easily accessible, but domestic capital flows are always accessible Methodology: The study investigates the effects of domestic debt on economic growth in Pakistan by applying the OLS technique Findings: The study indicates that the stock of domestic debt positively affects economic growth in Pakistan. This clearly means that the resources generated through internal debt have been partially used to finance public spending which contributes to economic growth. The study also notes that there is an inverse relationship between domestic debt service and economic growth. This result is due to the fact that the enormous burden of non-development spending hinders economic growth. The study results reveal that the negative effects of domestic debt service on economic growth is stronger than the positive effects of domestic debt on economic growth. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study also suggests some policies to repay existing internal debt.

Fae Dussart. In the Service of Empire: Domestic Service and Mastery in Metropole and Colony

Fae Dussart. <i>In the Service of Empire: Domestic Service and Mastery in Metropole and Colony</i>

Household energy systems based on biomass: Tracing material flows from source to service in rural Ethiopia

Biomass remains the most important energy carrier of rural households in low- and middle-income countries, but its indoor combustion has grave impacts on human health and its extraction is associated with negative effects on ecosystems. Currently, robust and comprehensive data are lacking to trace biomass flows from ecosystems to consumption in households and quantify the related services. This impedes analyses of the social and environmental impacts of biomass use.By developing a source-to-service approach, this paper analyses the provision of domestic energy services in three villages in rural Ethiopia using a socio-metabolic perspective. We combine quantitative and qualitative methods to study the dynamics of domestic biomass use for energy and examine social and environmental implications. We find that the average household consumes 84 GJ/year of biomass (15 GJ per capita/year). Space heating, food and drinking water preparation combined require 86% of domestic energy. Improved cookstoves can reduce domestic energy use by 12%.Our results open new avenues for advancing the scientific understanding of rural energy systems dependent on biomass. These insights are essential to enhance research on sustainable energy systems in rural, bioenergy-dependent areas and may also prove useful in designing policies and innovations to improve provisioning of energy services.