Domestic Economy Research Articles

Changes to Art. 52 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation — a Step towards Further Expanding the Powers of the Prosecutor in the Arbitration Process?

In the context of the sanctions policy of Western countries and the difficult path of development of the domestic economy emerging in this regard, the author emphasizes the special role of the prosecutor’s office in strengthening the rule of law and protecting the rights and interests of subjects of legal relations. The main attention is paid to the issues of the limits of the prosecutor’s participation in the arbitration process, as well as to the analysis and assessment of changes made to the legislation starting from 2021, expanding the powers of the supervisory agency when considering economic disputes, which is the scientific novelty of the study. The author has made a brief overview of cases considered by arbitration courts with the participation of the prosecutor, taking into account the new powers granted to him by the legislator. The lack of regulation of the procedural participation of the prosecutor in the arbitration court has been a subject for study for the second decade, taking into account which the author concluded that there is an objective need to further increase the powers of the prosecutor in the arbitration process given the current state of the Russian economy, its scaling and complexity.

The Relationship Between Public Debt and Economic Growth in Tanzania

This study examines the dynamic relationship between public debt and economic growth in Tanzania, focusing on causal links between the two variables and exploring potential debt thresholds. Using quarterly time series data from March 2005 to June 2022, we employ individual unit root and Johansen’s cointegration tests to establish long-term relationships. We estimate the Vector Error Correction Model and conduct the Granger causality test. The Threshold Model explores the debt threshold. Our findings reveal a significant positive long-term relationship between the two variables, with the direction of causality running from economic growth to domestic debt. Notably, the positive impact of domestic debt is pronounced when the domestic debt-to-GDP ratio falls between 31.3% and 35.2%. Beyond this threshold, the established relationship becomes statistically insignificant. The paper advocates leveraging debt financing to support productive investments for long-term economic growth. This recommendation holds significance for Tanzania and other countries across sub-Saharan Africa. However, it is crucial to undertake tailored country analyses that account for the distinct socioeconomic and political landscapes of the region's economies. These tailored analyses give valuable insights for domestic economies and global financing institutions, facilitating the formulation of context-specific debt management strategies that contribute to sustainable economic growth.

Current Domestic Sharing Economy Development Bottleneck and Countermeasures

Current Domestic Sharing Economy Development Bottleneck and Countermeasures

COMPARISON OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF NATIONAL AND FOREIGN BANKS ON THE IDX FOR THE PERIOD 2018-2022

Financial statement analysis is an effort to find out how well the financial performance of a bank. This study intends to analyze the performance comparison between national and foreign banks and which one is superior between the two in order to determine its impact on the development of the Indonesian economy. This is because the existence of banking intermediation problems and potential banking speculation activities, both national and foreign, can have implications for the domestic economy. Financial performance assessment is done with CAMEL ratios (CAR, NPL, NIM, ROA, LDR). Purposive sampling is the sampling technique applied in this study. The sample consists of 5 National Banks and 5 Foreign Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2018-2022. Secondary data obtained from banking financial statement documents on the Indonesia Stock Exchange is the type of data used in this study with the Mann-Whitney Test as a tool for analyzing data. The findings of the analysis conducted show that there is a significant difference in NIM and ROA. However, no significant differences were found in CAR, NPL, and LDR and national banks are still superior.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Elective Course Selection and Exploration of Strategies to Revitalize Elective Courses in High School Home Economics: Insights from Focus Group Interviews with Home Economics Teachers

As the implementation of the high school credit system and the 2022 revised curriculum approaches, it is crucial to explore specific directions for the future of home economics elective courses. Therefore, this study aims to draw implications for the direction of home economics elective courses by identifying factors that influence high school students’ choices, with a focus on insights from home economics teachers. Furthermore, we aim to investigate strategies that can be used to encourage students to choose home economics elective courses. To accomplish the objectives of this study, we analyzed previous research on course selection factors and conducted focus group interviews (FGI) with seven home economics teachers. As a result, we identified a total of 20 factors that influence students' selection of the home economics elective courses, including "personal preference for the subject", "personal excellence in the subject", "recommendations from friends or seniors", "recommendations from parents", and "recommendations from homeroom teachers". A total of 22 strategies to promote the selection for home economics elective courses were identified through the FGI and presented across different levels: (1) support from home economics teachers and students, (2) the home economics and academic society, and (3) within the school. The findings of this study can serve as foundational research for analyzing the preference of high school students when selecting home economics elective courses. It can also provide a basis for exploring ways to revitalize the selection of newly introduced home economics elective courses in the 2022 revised curriculum, suggesting insights for the development of future home economics curriculum and elective courses.

Development of a Home Economics Education Program for the Consumer Life Area to Enhance Artificial Intelligence Literacy in Middle School Students

This study aims to develop and validate a home economics education program focused on the consumer life area to enhance artificial intelligence (AI) literacy. To achieve this objective, a 10-session AI-consumer life integration education program was developed by analyzing literature on AI Literacy, AI curriculum, consumer education, and the home economics curriculum for the middle school consumer life area. The program’s validity was assessed by nine teachers using a four-point Likert scale. The average scores for each item and the content validity index (CVI) were calculated. Based on expert feedback, the program was revised and improved accordingly. The expert validity assessment of the lesson plans, teaching materials and learning resources resulted in an average score of 3.78 for all items and an average CVI of 0.96. For the overall program, the expert validity assessment yielded an average score of 3.72 for all items and an average CVI of 0.97. Since the content validity index for all questions was above 0.78, the program demonstrated high validity across achievement standards integration, learning objectives, content and teaching methods, motivation, and volume areas. This confirms its effectiveness as an educational program for enhancing AI literacy. This study is significant in terms of defining and identifying the components of AI literacy, developing an AI-integrated program encompassing the entire consumer life area and confirming the suitability of the home economics curriculum for enhancing digital consumer competencies and promoting sustainable consumption. Additionally, it highlights the potential to integrate AI into the home economics and consumer life area.

Sustainability of the Current Account in Developing Countries: A Fourier Wavelet-Based Unit Root Test

The sustainability of the current account balance for five fragile economies—Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, India, and Türkiye (namely, BASIT)—is investigated. These countries’ economies operate under a time current account deficit almost all the time, a condition that causes fragility to external shocks; the following fallout from these shocks may risk not only the domestic economy but also the international economy, such as by clogging trade and income distribution. In this study, the sustainability of the current account in BASIT countries is examined via wavelet-based Kapetanios, Shin and Snell (WKSS) and Fourier wavelet-based KSS (FWKSS) unit root tests, in conjunction with linear unit root tests. Even though traditional unit root tests generally support the sustainability of a current account deficit for all countries, a non-linear unit roots test confirms the traditional tests for only India and South Africa. Results from the wavelet transform of non-linear unit root tests indicate the unsustainability of the current account balance, except in the case Türkiye. Moreover, the FWKSS test confirms WKSS.

Effect of cognitive behavior-aided counseling on entrepreneurial self-efficacy of students of home economics education in South-East Nigeria.

Raising potential entrepreneurs to advance the economy of nations through education has been projected by scholars. On the contrary, Nigerian students lack the enthusiasm and internal force to pursue the aims enshrined in their courses of study. Rather they prefer white-cola jobs to the entrepreneurial intention of the institutions. Given this reason, we tested the effect of cognitive behavior-aided counseling on entrepreneurial self-efficacy of students of Home Economics in South-East Nigeria. This is a pretest and posttest with a follow-up group randomized control design. A total of 119 Home Economics Education students from Universities and Colleges of Education were measured and screened using an entrepreneurial self-efficacy scale and inclusion criteria. Data collected from the pretest, post-test, and follow-up test were statistically analyzed using repeated measures of Analysis of Variance statistical method. The effect size of the cognitive behavior-aided counseling intervention on entrepreneurial self-efficacy was reported using partial eta square. The follow-up data was tested using a Univariate analysis. The result showed that cognitive behavior-aided counseling intervention had a significant effect on entrepreneurial self-efficacy among the Universities and Colleges of Education in South-East Nigeria. A follow-up result also showed that intervention had a significant effect on participants' entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

SMALL BUSINESS IN THE ECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE DURING 2012 – 2022

The article analyzes the dynamics of formation and use of small business potential in promotion of socio-economic development of Ukraine. The novelty of the author's approach lies, first, in the focus on the characteristics of the functioning of small and micro-businesses, which allows to reflect the presence of specific trends that qualitatively distinguish the processes of adaptation and development of small business and require differentiation of approaches and theoretical foundations of their regulatory policy. Secondly, by taking into account the ratio of socio-economic efficiency achieved by small and large business, which is interpreted by the authors as a crucial sign of the potential for accelerating economic development that can be ensured by rationalizing the forms of interaction between large, medium and small business. Using the methods of comparative analysis of the dynamics of the contribution of micro, small, medium and large enterprises to the creation of added value and assessing the changes in the ratio of labor productivity at enterprises of different scales of economic activity, the authors substantiate the conclusion about the leading role of small enterprises in ensuring the expansion of factor income creation: it is small enterprises that have increased the scale of value creation, in fact, have become the only center of growth against the background of ten years of stagnation in the groups of large and medium enterprises. The authors also substantiate the dominance of the trend of convergence of the basic indicator of economic efficiency of enterprises of different sizes and interpret this trend as a critically important feature of the small business functioning in Ukraine: in an extremely unstable macroeconomic environment, small businesses are able not only to maintain and even expand their resource potential, but also to approach medium and large enterprises in terms of economic efficiency, in the first place, with the higher competitiveness inherent in this segment of the domestic economy and, accordingly, with more incentives to increase efficiency as a leading factor in the realization of the tasks of business owners

Possibilities for increasing labour productivity by implementing innovative activities in the repair and service sector of animal husbandry

At present, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus are signifi cantly behind the developed countries in terms of labor productivity and the share of domestic companies implementing technological innovations in the main sectors of the economy (especially in agriculture). One of the signifi cant factors of this lag is the underestimation in past years of the promising potential of various innovative technologies and, as a consequence the very limited and slow implementation of breakthrough innovations in the most significant sectors of the domestic economy. The decisive turn of the state economic policy of neighboring states in the area of deep technological transformation of all sectors of the economy is aimed at an innovative breakthrough and reaching advanced growth rates in the technological and economic development of fraternal countries. However, along with the introduction of the latest technologies the creation of completely new modern high-tech industries, which will require colossal financial investments, the task of comprehensively and thoroughly exploring internal production reserves, searching for new forms and methods of improving the efficiency of labour organization at existing enterprises, which will also bring a noticeable economic effect, remains relevant. This article describes in sufficient detail practical activities to improve and streamline accounting, planning, certifi cation, rationalization of workplaces of animal husbandry technical service organizations under the current conditions of the developing market. The results of the studies show that certification and rationalization of workplaces are effective tools in fi nding internal production reserves to improve the use of labour resources, fixed production assets, promotes the replacement of obsolete equipment, improves the relationship between workplaces, improves working conditions, and optimally balances the need for labour with the number of existing workplaces. This will significantly increase the overall efficiency of activities and competitiveness of service enterprises in the field of animal husbandry.

Chinese consumption shocks and U.S. equity returns

Motivated by the growing importance of the Chinese domestic economy for the global economic condition, we test whether the consumption risk of China matters for the cross-section of U.S. equity returns. We find that the two-factor international asset-pricing model with both U.S. and Chinese consumption risk explains 40% of the cross-sectional variation in U.S. equity returns. We also find a sizable risk premium of 7.08% per annum. This finding is robust to different estimation approaches, portfolio groups, controlling for other equity factors, and using individual equities. For economic mechanism, we find that it is the discount rate channel that is related to investors’ risk aversion, sentiment, and economic uncertainty through which Chinese consumption matters for the U.S. equity returns. Also, the result is not entirely driven by Chinese investors participating in the U.S. Overall, we present equity market-based novel evidence of the importance of Chinese macro fundamentals for the U.S.

Криминалистика для обеспечения глобального равновесия будущего

The article provides an overview of the work of the section "Forensics for Future Justice" of the St. Petersburg International Legal Forum — 2024. Modern cyber and information technologies are radically changing the face of jurisprudence and law enforcement, including forensic science. At the forum, which brought together leading scientists and practicing lawyers, issues of the readiness of domestic science and practice to the challenges of digitalization and the role of criminalistics in the justice of the future were vigorously discussed. The participants in the discussion are unanimous in their opinion: criminalistics, with its deep scientifi c foundations, is becoming increasingly important for the activities of government agencies and the judicial system. The speakers emphasized the versatility of forensic knowledge, which is used not only in the investigation of crimes, but also in other areas of law enforcement. Scientists and practitioners are unanimous that only joint eff orts will ensure the eff ective use of new technologies in the fi ght against crime and ensuring national security.

Identifying the Gap in Research on Development of Game-Based Learning Module Using Project-Based Learning for Home Science Subject: A Systematic Literature Review

Identifying the Gap in Research on Development of Game-Based Learning Module Using Project-Based Learning for Home Science Subject: A Systematic Literature Review

Sensory and consumer science: A complex, expanding, and interdisciplinary field of science

This paper proposes an updated, contemporary definition of Sensory and Consumer Science. We do so based on survey results from 221 professionals, meaning that the definition represents more than our personal views. Specifically, the proposed definition is: “Sensory and Consumer Science is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses sensory-only research and consumer-centric studies, focusing both on responses to specific products and consumer behaviour more generally. While the field is primarily centred on food, it also extends to non-food items. Researchers employ both quantitative and qualitative methods to conduct their studies. Sensory and Consumer professionals engage in both basic academic research and applied commercial research, operating within an increasingly global and multicultural context.” All aspects of this definition were endorsed by a majority of the professionals participating in the surveys, and some aspects were nearly universally accepted. A longer version of the definition is also proposed, which helps to explain/elaborate on the different elements. We urge further discussion and refinement of the short and long definitions. This may lead to further variants that are narrower/broader in scope depending on personal and professional preferences and context.

To keep the history from being impersonal: to the 155th anniversary of the birth of Professor A. P. Gerasimov

The article is devoted to the 155th anniversary of the birth of Professor A. P. Gerasimov (1869–1942), Secretary (1914–1935), Honorary Member (1940) and Chairman (1936–1942) of the All-Russian Mineralogical Society, who died in evacuation in Sverdlovsk. His letters, found in the archive of Professor D. P. Grigoriev, kept in the Russian Mineralogical Society, are published: to A.N. Krishtafovich from Petrograd to Vladivostok (05.05.1921), to D.P. Grigoriev from Essentuki to Sverdlovsk (26.03.1942), to relatives from Essentuki (07.06.1942), as well as an autobiography (01.06.1942), and obituaries from the newspaper «The Ural Worker» (12.11.1942). The letters show the living and working conditions of the Geological Committee in Petrograd during the Civil War and of the Leningrad Mining Institute in evacuation during the World War II. The aim of the article is to restore the history of domestic science as fully as possible. The article is aimed at historians of science, as well as teachers, graduate students and students of geological faculties of universities.

Effect of Apprenticeship Instructional Method on Home Economics Students Skill Acquisition in Post-Basic School, Adamawa State

Effect of Apprenticeship Instructional Method on Home Economics Students Skill Acquisition in Post-Basic School, Adamawa State

Engaging in literature review, synthesis, and meta‐analysis: A few considerations for family scholars

AbstractGiven their value, literature reviews and syntheses are featured in numerous family‐centered academic journals, including the flagship journals of the National Council on Family Relations. Although literature reviews and syntheses, including meta‐analyses, have been published in family‐centered academic journals for decades, the application of these methods to topics germane to family science has increased substantially over time. This trend—coupled with a desire to support the conduct of high‐quality literature reviews and syntheses in family science—prompted the development of this article, which aims to provide an efficient, didactic overview of common literature review and synthesis approaches, including meta‐analysis. This article also offers several considerations intended to support family scholars' efforts to develop strong literature reviews, syntheses, and meta‐analyses, particularly ones intended for publication in family‐centered academic journals. The skillful application of these methods will support family scholars' continued efforts to enrich, guide, and advance family science.

Why do rural youth migrate? Evidence from Colombia and Guatemala.

Migration, from rural to urban settings is a common phenomenon in Latin America, due to social, economic, political, and other factors. Young people in search of economic and educational opportunities, financial, and social stability, have been migrating to larger urban centers, thus crafting important shifts in rural labor, generational transfer, and domestic economies. Through a systematic literature review of scientific literature, and documents from public institutions and international organizations, published between 2012 and 2022, this article addresses rural-urban migration of youth in Colombia and Guatemala's cattle sector, particularly identifying (i) driving factors, (ii) their impacts on cattle farming, and (iii) public policies implemented to counteract prejudicial effects. Results show that unemployment, lack of educational opportunities, and insecurity are the main reasons for youth migration to cities or abroad, with Mexico, the United States, and Spain being the most common destinations. Additionally, impacts on the cattle sector include shortage of labor and a perfectible generational transfer, hindering the modernization of the industry and investments in climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. Despite various implemented public policies, the results are partial, and the issue of accelerated youth migration remains relevant. Consequently, without more effective measures adopted by national governments, the cattle sector will lag behind its regional and international competitors, deterring the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. As the main contribution of the study, the analysis of migration is highlighted based on its effects on a specific economic sector and not focused on its causes, as evidenced in a wide range of literature.

Factor analysis of innovative activity of the regional economic system

Relevance. Innovation activity is one of the fundamental indicators of the effectiveness of innovation activity in the region. In the context of external challenges and economic instability, innovation is a fundamental vector of development of the domestic economy. However, the effectiveness of innovation activity is currently reduced due to the influence of risk factors of various etiologies. Therefore, the assessment of the factors influencing the innovative activity of the region determines the relevance and significance of the study.The purpose is to determine the influence of factors on the innovative activity of the region and its subjects, taking into account the ranking according to the degree of impact and the possibility of a restraining influence on the innovative potential of the region.Objectives. The following tasks were set and consistently solved in the study: to conduct a theoretical review of the concept of "innovative activity"; to identify factors; to classify and identify the degree of influence on the innovative activity of the region.Methodology. The paper uses a theoretical review of domestic and foreign authors dealing with the issues of factorial influence on the innovative activity of the region and its subjects. During the research, special methods were used: regression analysis, statistical analysis, expert approach, etc.Results. Based on the factor analysis, factors were identified, grouped, classified, and the degree of influence on the innovative activity of the region was determined, which helped to identify the cause of problems in the region (using the example of the Vladimir region).Conclusions. During the study, it was concluded that factor analysis allows us to examine the current state of innovation activity in the region and find the causes that have the greatest destructive effect on the indicator of innovation activity.

A review of professional issue papers in FCSRJ: 2009–2022

AbstractThe Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal (FCSRJ) is a multidisciplinary journal that includes Professional Issues as one of eight topic areas. This paper examined 28 professional issue papers published in FCSRJ between 2009 and 2022. The following eight categories emerged: Early Leaders in Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS); Understanding FCS; Accreditation and Standards; Collaboration, Funding, and Leadership; Current Leaders; Mentoring Students; Mastering the Art of Publishing; and Approaches to Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Overall, this study highlights the potential for diverse voices and formats to enrich the discourse surrounding professional issues.