Domestic Satellite Research Articles

Method for extraction of building height information based on ZY-3 image

The extraction of the information of building height from the high-resolution remote sensing image is a hot research topic in the study of the information extraction. This paper proposes a set of building height inversion techniques in combination with the object-oriented classification method. First of all,through the object-oriented classification method,the building outline and shadow information are extracted by using morphological building and shadow indices; and then,the intersection line average method is employed to calculate the length of the shadow; finally,the height of building is calculated according to the geometric relation model between the shadow length and the building height. The proposed method was validated on domestic ZY-3 satellite remote sensing data of Xi'an City,and the overall accuracy of 91. 23% was obtained by verifying the result using the actual measuring height of 171 buildings. The results achieved by the authors have a certain practical significance for the study of building height information extraction.

Application of satellite data of ZY1-02C to the exploration engineering of Karst water resources in Beijing

Using the satellite data of ZY1- 02 C as the data source,aided by GIS as the platform,and based on the remote sensing geological theory and hydrogeologic theory,the authors applied the remote sensing technology to the exploration of Karst water resources in Beijing. According to the remote sensing hydrogeological interpretation and comprehensive analysis,the authors delineated a new source of water supply through optimization,established the interpretation criteria of water- bearing formations and springs applicable to Karsts areas in northern China,presented a method for analyzing the hydrogeological conditions based on GIS,and expanded the application field of domestic resources satellites.

Index set of multispectral camera based on application requirements

One of the important reasons that satellite data quality can't effectively meet the needs of applications is the disjointing between satellite development and applications. It will restrict the application of domestic satellite data. Camera development is the core and key in the numerous factors influencing the quality of satellite data.Camera index set decides the application range and usefulness of the satellite. On the basis of the systematic study and analysis of satellite payloads index set both in China and abroad,this paper puts forward some basic index set suggestions for VIS / NIR multispectral camera with which users are concerned,such as spectral range,spatial resolution,swath width,revisit period,according to the user's use of data and in consideration of the industral application needs of geology and mineral resources. Meanwhile,such factors as land resources,environmental protection,agriculture,forestry and disaster reduction are taken into account. The suggestions put forward in this paper can provide application support for camera development.

Fully automatic generation of geoinformation products with chinese zy‐3 satellite imagery

AbstractThe advantages of continuously and soundly obtaining large multidimensional, multiscale and multitemporal observation datasets from satellite remote sensing make it indispensable in building a national spatial data infrastructure. This paper introduces the ZY‐3 satellite developed in China and discusses a fully automatic data‐processing system to generate geoinformation products, such as digital elevation models (DEMs) and digital orthophotomaps (DOMs), based on ZY‐3 imagery. The key technologies of automatic geoinformation product generation, including strip image‐based bundle adjustment together with creating DEMs and DOMs, are illustrated. The accuracies of the georeferencing and automatically generated geoinformation products are also discussed. This automatic data‐processing system is shown to provide a good foundation for near real‐time derivation of such geoinformation products and for the promotion and application of Chinese domestic satellites.

Integrated solutions for mine remote sensing monitoring based on domestic satellite images： A case study of Tibet

With the popularization of high resolution remote sensing data of domestic satellite in such fields as land resources,geology,and environment,domestic high-resolution remote sensing data are likely to become the preferred data source for monitoring the development status of mining areas in the near future. Using the ZY-102 C and GF-1 images,the authors designed an integrated solution for geodatabase building of remote sensing images,image processing,geometric correction,information extraction,spatial calculation,statistical analysis,and final mapping production,and successfully applied such means to the related work in Tibet. The results achieved by the authors can increase the depth and scope of the application of the domestic satellite remote sensing data,and provide technical support and paradigms for large-scale and multi-period dynamic remote sensing monitoring of mines.

Dynamic remote sensing interpretation of geological disasters in Nanping City of Fujian Province using CBERS serial data

It is important to expand the application of domestic satellite data such as China- Brazil Earth Resource Satellite( CBERS) images for backtracking interpretation research in such areas year- by- year. In this paper,with the Nanping City in northwestern Fujian Province as the study area,the authors collected the related eleven CBERS images acquired during 1999- 2008,and established the image interpretation keys to the disasters. The visual interpretation method based on GIS platform was used in combination with the field studies,and a total of 2 059 interpreted disaster points were obtained during the past 8 years,with no data obtained in 2001 and 2002. The results of dynamic analysis show that the geological disasters in he study area were mainly the shallow landslides that concentratedly happened in 2000 and 2005. They reached 582 and 766 sites respectively,possessed 65% of the total landslides,and were distributed near residential and traffic districts,showing heterogeneous temporal and spatial characteristics. It is held that CBERS images can be employed for dynamic survey of geological disasters.

Evaluation of Lake Eutrophication Based on the HJ-1 Satellite Multispectral Data

Chinese domestic satellite HJ-1 was launched in 2008, now it has become a significant resource for environment monitoring because its Multispectral data are characterized by 2-day temporal resolution, 30 m spatial resolution and 700 km breadth. A study case was made that HJ-1 multispectral data were used for retrieving aggregative trophic level index (TLI()) of water body of lakes in Wuhan, China. The aim of this study is to evaluate the probability of HJ-1 Multispectral data on estimating the eutrophic level of inland water. At first, the TLI() of sampling spots of some lakes in Wuhan were calculated using the monitoring water quality data. In the mean time, the NDVI of corresponding spots were calculated from the HJ-1 multispectral data which had been taken radiometric calibration and geometric correction beforehand. After that, a remote sensing inversion model for TLI() had been built through linear regression using the NDVI as independent variables. Finally, the TLI() of all water bodies of Wuhan lakes were inversed with this model and a map for its spatial distribution was drawn up. Results demonstrated that there were good linear correlation relationships between the TLI() and NDVI of HJ-1 Multispectral data, and the distribution of inversed TLI() of the lakes accorded with the reality quite well. According to the above, an inference can be made that the methods to evaluate lakes eutrofication based on the HJ-1 satellite multispectral data may provide a cheap and rapid way for real-time monitoring and evaluation of lakes eutrophication.

Communication and Connectivity as Veritable Tools for Information Sharing in Nigeria

This paper discusses the contributions of communication technologies to modern civilization and globalization and the role of connectivity as facilitator to efficient global information sharing today. The background study of networks, satellites, statement of the problem and the objectives of the paper were looked into. A brief historical development of Nigeria communications and their beneficial applications today were presented. Presentation was made on why internet communications in Nigeria is dominated by wireless/satellite link. It was adduced that the absence of information technology infrastructure, particularly the complete absence of fiber optics backbone and weak telecommunication base were responsible for the predominant wireless internet application in Nigeria. The paper concludes that a good information technology infrastructure base such as the construction of domestic optics backbone as ongoing by some of the GSM operators such as GlobaCom and MTN, launching of domestic communication satellite such as Nigcomsat1R in December, 2012; and the interlinking of our communication will enhance information sharing and as well reduce the cost of internet applications and motivate a larger population to participate in our new information society.

Technological learning through international collaboration: Lessons from the field

Countries on every continent are making new or renewed commitments to domestic satellite programs. These programs have the potential to address national needs by enhancing access to information, improving infrastructure and providing inspiration to the public. How do countries without local expertise in space technology begin a new satellite program? What is the role of international collaboration in supporting the efforts of a new space fairing country? This paper explores such questions by highlighting outputs from intensive field work in Africa and Asia. Specifically, the study explores case studies of early space activity in these countries to search for lessons about the management of a young space program. The observations from field work are compared to ideas from scholarly literature on technological learning. The findings are organized using principles from systems architecture. The paper presents a model that captures many of the influences and strategic decision areas for a collaborative satellite development project. The paper also highlights the growth of capability among African countries in the area of satellite technology.

Appraisal of UK funding frameworks for energy research in housing

The current UK research capacity and funding programmes in the field of energy use and energy demand reduction in existing housing are appraised. A satellite–hub model concept is proposed as an appropriate way forward. To set the scene, the complex nature and difficulty of the problem of achieving real energy reductions in housing is highlighted and research opportunities for current and forthcoming housing and energy policy measures are investigated. A range of recent and on-going research funding programmes managed by UK Research Councils, government departments and industry are appraised in the context of relevant policy measures and criteria that the authors consider to be essential for rapid and high-quality research in domestic energy reduction. Finally, the implementation of the concept of a satellite–hub model is explored through the structure and operation of a domestic energy use and retrofit research satellite–hub on a regional and national level. This provides an insight into a potential evolutionary change in the research of energy use and demand reduction in existing housing. Il est procédé à une évaluation des capacités de recherche et des programmes de financement actuels du Royaume-Uni dans le domaine de la consommation d'énergie et de la réduction de la demande énergétique dans les logements existants. Le concept d'un modèle de hub satellite est proposé comme voie à suivre pour progresser. Pour définir le contexte, la nature complexe et les difficultés du problème que pose la réalisation de réductions énergétiques effectives dans le logement sont soulignées, et les possibilités de recherche de mesures actuelles et à venir concernant les politiques du logement et de l'énergie sont étudiées. Dans le cadre des mesures et des critères de politique pertinents que les auteurs considèrent comme indispensables pour une recherche rapide et de haute qualité dans le domaine de la réduction de la consommation intérieure d'énergie, il est évalué un éventail de programmes de financement de la recherche récents et en cours, gérés au Royaume-Uni par les Research Councils, les ministères et l'industrie. Enfin, la mise en oeuvre du concept d'un modèle de hub satellite est examinée à travers la structure et le fonctionnement d'un hub satellite de recherche sur la consommation intérieure d'énergie et la rénovation au niveau régional et national. Ceci donne un aperçu des possibilités de changements évolutifs dans la recherche relative à l'utilisation de l'énergie et à la réduction de la demande dans les logements existants. Mots clés: bâtiment, changement climatique, énergie, politique énergétique, logement, politique de recherche, rénovation

Systems engineering of Omid, the first domestic satellite of the I.R. of Iran

AbstractIn keeping with the continuing effort toward the development of a domestic space research and development program in recent years, the Omid National Satellite (ONS) is the first domestically manufactured satellite from the Islamic Republic of Iran. As a technology demonstration, it was launched and utilized successfully in February 2009. Despite the simple mission of the ONS, because it was the first full‐scale successful space deployment experience for the country, the domestic manufacturing capabilities for satellite and launch technologies were boosted. More importantly, the country's domestic platform for future space projects was established. Considering the important role of systems engineering (SE) in the localization of the Iranian space industry, this paper aims to present the ONS space program in terms of its SE management , conceptual design, subsystem descriptions with technical specifications, integration, testing, and development. The operational in‐orbit aspects will also be described. The project generated a high level of hope and a sense of achievement among the many skilled national engineers who worked on the project. The specific and general lessons learned that are emphasized in this paper will be incorporated into the country's future space programs and will be used to support the development of the next generation of small satellites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng

Earth observation satellite data receiving, processing system and data sharing

The China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Station was established in 1986. It currently has three receiving stations in the north, west, and south of China, with the capacity to receive data from 15 international and domestic Earth observation satellites covering the entire Chinese territory and 70% of Asia. Meanwhile, a systematic, integrated, and standardized spatial information service system has been built. A data-sharing project for medium-resolution Earth observation satellites has been conducted and plays an important role in land, ocean, and atmospheric resource investigation and environmental monitoring.

Visibility Analysis of Domestic Satellites on Proposed Ground Sites for Optical Surveillance

The objectives of this study are to analyze the satellite visibility at the randomly established ground sites, to determine the five optimal ground sites to perform the optical surveillance and tracking of domestic satellites, and to verify the acquisition of the optical observation time sufficient to maintain the precise ephemeris at optimal ground sites that have been already determined. In order to accomplish these objectives, we analyzed the visibility for sun-synchronous orbit satellites, low earth orbit satellites, middle earth orbit satellites and domestic satellites as well as the continuous visibility along with the fictitious satellite ground track, and calculate the effective visibility. For the analysis, we carried out a series of repetitive process using the satellite tool kit simulation software developed by Analytical Graphics Incorporated. The lighting states of the penumbra and direct sun were set as the key constraints of the optical observation. The minimum of the observation satellite elevation angle was set to be 20 degree, whereas the maximum of the sun elevation angle was set to be -10 degree which is within the range of the nautical twilight. To select the candidates for the optimal optical observation, the entire globe was divided into 84 sectors in a constant interval, the visibility characteristics of the individual sectors were analyzed, and 17 ground sites were arbitrarily selected and analyzed further. Finally, five optimal ground sites (Khurel Togoot Observatory, Assy-Turgen Observatory, Tubitak National Observatory, Bisdee Tier Optical Astronomy Observatory, and South Africa Astronomical Observatory) were determined. The total observation period was decided as one year. To examine the seasonal variation, the simulation was performed for the period of three days or less with respect to spring, summer, fall and winter. In conclusion, we decided the optimal ground sites to perform the optical surveillance and tracking of domestic satellites and verified that optical observation time sufficient to maintain the precise ephemeris could be acquired at the determined observatories.

A Study of Adaptive MTF Image Restoration of High Resolution TDI-CCD Image Data

The Modulation Transfer Function(MTF) is an important comprehensive evaluation index for the performance of the optical imaging system and also the most important part of image degradation model.According to the characteristics of TDI-CCD image data,this paper discussed the ways of calculating MTF of the image system based on the edge detection in remote sensing image,and implementing MTF compensation to the degradation image with winner filter and modified inverse filter(MIF) respectively.The results show that the adaptive MTF restoration processing method can effectively improve image quality of high resolution TDI-CCD image data.At present,this method has been successfully applied to the domestic ground satellite pre-processing system in China.

States and start-ups: Public competitors in Australian communications

This article explores three state-owned or supported communications enterprises: the Pacific Cable, opened in 1902; Amalgamated Wireless Australasia (AWA), which launched international wireless telegraphy services in 1927; and AUSSAT, a domestic satellite system established in 1985. All were partnerships formed to build and operate new communications infrastructure in competition with an incumbent. Of each, the article asks: what problem needed to be solved? What institutional solution and technologies were chosen and why? How did incumbents respond? How did the enterprise perform and why did it end? It finds very mixed performance, both as investments of public money and as solutions to the problems they were set up to solve.

What You Say Is What You Get: Policy Discourse and the Regulation of Canada’s First Domestic Communications Satellite System

This article examines the Canadian satellite-policy debates that occurred in 1969 prior to the passage of the Telesat Canada Act. This Act created a new corporation that would own and operate Canada’s first domestic satellite system. Various interest groups vied for control over satellites, using strategic rhetoric to influence how the system would be handled within policy circles. This rhetoric helped to simplify complex issues, limit options, and encourage consensus among policy actors that had very different ideas about the same technology. Key decisions included regulating satellites like microwave networks and labeling the new corporation a carrier’s carrier, natural monopoly, and public utility. In addition, the new corporation was to complement existing telecom networks and would not compete with them for business. The choices made about Canadian satellites thus were bound up with the ways in which this technology was conceived of and discussed, with far-reaching results for Canada’s industrial and communications policy.

THE FORMULATION OF RPC FOR DOMESTIC OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY

The RPC(Rational Polynomial Coefficients)model is a kind of universal expression model for image geometry,which can be used to express accurately all the image geometric relations and has been widely accepted by industry.Based on a description of the rigorous sensor model for domestic optical satellite imagery,this paper deals with the RPC model and unbiased estimation algorithm.Using the imagery of the domestic satellites ZY1-02B and ZY2-03,the authors have proved the correctness of the method and the adaptability of the RPC model for domestic satellite imagery.

Role of Communications Satellites in National Development

Recognising the immense potential of communications satellites for establishing connectivity to far-flung and remote areas and for using television broadcasting for mass education, India undertook experimental projects to demonstrate the need for having a domestic communications satellite that paved the way for establishing Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system. Starting with multipurpose communications satellites INSAT-1 series combining telecommunications, TV broadcast and meteorological services procured from abroad, ISRO embarked on design,development of more advanced INSAT -2, 3 and 4 series of satellites indigenously.The telecommunications, TV broadcast, radio networking and meteorological services were operationalised with INSAT-1 system in 1983. While providing uninterrupted services to the country in the above areas, ISRO undertook several innovative experiments using communications satellites. Staring with using INSAT satellites for training and developmental communications, societal applications such as tele-education and tele-medicine facilities were established. Use of INSAT satellites for disaster management support has also been established. A new concept namely Village Resource Centres (VRC) combining the services of INSAT satellites and Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Satellites for providing holistic services at village level has also been operationalised.

국내의 대표적 인공위성 화학추진시스템의 형식 및 특성

국내의 위성 개발 프로그램은 정지궤도위성인 통신해양기상위성과 저궤도위성인 다목적실용위성으로 대별할 수 있다. 각 위성은 임무 요구조건을 충족하는 추진시스템을 탑재하고 있다. 통신해양기상위성에는 위성체의 지구정지궤도 진입, 자세 및 궤도 제어/조정을 위하여 요구되는 추력과 토크를 제공하는 이원추진제 추진시스템인 화학추진시스템이 탑재되어 있으며, 반면 다목적실용위성에는 궤도전이 기능이 배제된, 궤도상 자세제어가 주목적인 단일추진제 추진시스템이 장착되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 두 추진시스템의 차이점 및 특성을 비교 분석한다. Domestic satellite development programme is generally classified into two categories: COMS as GEO satellite and KOMPSAT as LEO one. Each satellite has the on-board propulsion system fulfilling its own mission requirements. The COMS propulsion system provides the thrust and torque required for the insertion into GEO, attitude and orbit control/adjustment of spacecraft. It is the well-known Chemical Propulsion System(CPS) using bipropellants. On the other hand, the monopropellant propulsion system is employed in KOMPSAT, and its main role is on-station attitude control excluding the orbit transfer function. In this study, these two representative propulsion systems are compared and analysed as well, in terms of essential differences and important characteristics.

DVB-S2 전송시스템의 수신성능 분석: BC 모드

이 연구는 DVB-S2 전송시스템의 수신성능을 BC(Backward Compatibility) 모드에서 분석하였다. 송신기는 DVB-S(HP)와 DVB-S2(LP) 스트림을 계층적 비균등 8PSK로 변조시킨 신호를 전송하며, 수신기는 계층적 변조 신호를 복조하기 위하여 LSB에서 MSB 순으로 복조하는 방식과 사분면 추정지수와 LLR 계산기를 이용한 계층적 복조방식을 적용할 수 있다. 두 복조방식에 대한 성능분석을 AWGN 및 비선형 채널에서 통계적 분석과 모의실험을 통하여 수행하였으며 이 결과를 바탕으로 국내위성방송 환경에 적합한 LP/HP 스트림 비율을 제시하였다. We analyzed the receiving performance of the DVB-S2 transmission system in the BC(Backward Compatibility) mode. The transmitter employs the hierarchical modulation, and the receiver can be implemented by the direct demodulation or the hierarchical demodulation. The performance of each demodulation scheme is analyzed by a statistical method and a computer simulation for the AWGN and nonlinear channels. The ratio of the LP/HP streams which is proper in the domestic satellite broadcasting environments, is also suggested.