Domestic Plants Research Articles

Inoculum selection and hydraulic retention time impacts in a microbial fuel cell treating saline wastewater

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has received increased interest as a suitable approach for treating wastewater while producing electricity. However, there remains a lack of studies investigating the impact of inoculum type and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the efficiency of MFCs in treating industrial saline wastewater. The effect of three different inocula (activated sludge from a fish-canning industry and two domestic wastewater treatment plants, WWTPs) on electrochemical and physicochemical parameters and the anodic microbiome of a two-chambered continuous-flow MFC was studied. For each inoculum, three different HRTs were tested (1 day, 3 days, and 6 days). The inoculum from the fish canning industry significantly increased voltage production (with a maximum value of 802 mV), power density (with a maximum value of 78 mW m−2), coulombic efficiency (with a maximum value of 19.3%), and organic removal rate (ORR) compared to the inocula from domestic WWTPs. This effect was linked to greater absolute and relative abundances of electroactive microorganisms (e.g., Geobacter, Desulfovibrio, and Rhodobacter) and predicted electron transfer genes in the anode microbiome likely due to better adaption to salinity conditions. The ORR and current production were also enhanced at shorter HRTs (1 day vs. 3 and 6 days) across all inocula. This effect was related to a greater abundance and diversity of bacterial communities at HRT of 1 day compared to longer HRTs. Our findings have important bioengineering implications and can help improve the performance of MFCs treating saline effluents such as those from the seafood industry.Key points• Inoculum type and HRT impact organic matter removal and current production.• Changes in bioenergy generation were linked to the electroactive anodic microbiome.• Shorter HRT favored increases in the performance of the MFC.Graphical

Domestication of medicinal plants (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) in China: comparison of morphological, resistance and biochemical traits between wild and cultivated populations

BackgroundMost studies on domesticated plants have focused on those utilized for sustenance purposes. This study provides valuable insights into the domestication processes of honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.), a semi-evergreen twining vine in the Caprifoliaceae family that is important in traditional Chinese medicine for its flower buds and potential as a dietary supplement. The definition of domestication syndrome for honeysuckle remains unclear due to its perennial and asexual reproduction mode, resulting in a lack of information on domestication-related traits. Therefore, this study aims to compare and analyze differences in morphology, resistance, and biochemical composition between wild and cultivated varieties.MethodsA total of 36 wild and 81 cultivated specimens were examined to compare plant morphology, flowering time, bud length, active ingredients, and resistance between wild and cultivated populations.ResultsThe cultivated honeysuckle exhibited several noteworthy characteristics, including more erect plant morphology, higher flower-to-leaf ratio, more obvious aggregation of flowers into clusters at the top of branches, higher frequency of flowering, and longer bud length compared to the wild type. Additionally, the cultivated specimen demonstrated significantly elevated levels of chlorogenic acid as a biochemical constituent. However, in terms of resistance against powdery mildew, wild individuals displayed evident advantages over their cultivated counterparts.ConclusionThe observed phenotypic variation within the honeysuckle field provides empirical support for the hypothesis that farmer management practices influence domestication syndrome, as indicated by the deliberate enhancement of specific desirable traits during species domestication.

Effectiveness of Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) at Clinic Laboratory X (Case Study of Clinic Laboratory X in Pontianak City

This clinical laboratory plays a vital role in supporting the health sector by conducting tests and analyses related to diseases, health conditions, and factors affecting the community. However, these activities also generate domestic liquid waste that can pose a serious threat to the environment and public health if not managed effectively. Effective management of domestic liquid waste is crucial, given the importance of the clinical laboratory's role in supporting the health sector and the need for accurate testing.

Timbulan Air Limbah dan Unit Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah pada Fakultas Teknik Universitas Panca Bhakti Kota Pontianak

This study aims to analyze wastewater generation and design an appropriate domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) for the Faculty of Engineering at Universitas Panca Bhakti Pontianak. With the campus population growth, the volume and complexity of the wastewater produced also increase. Without adequate management, this wastewater poses a potential threat to the surrounding environment. Primary data were obtained through field surveys, while secondary data were collected from water usage records and building user counts. The treatment system was designed considering key pollutant parameters to ensure compliance with applicable quality standards. Analysis indicates that a combination of biofilter and aeration systems effectively reduces primary pollutant parameters. The findings of this study are expected to support campus environmental sustainability and provide a model for WWTP implementation in other educational institutions. Further research involving domestic wastewater sampling from the faculty is recommended to optimize the WWTP design based on specific wastewater characteristics.

Cold climate-driven convergent evolution among angiosperms.

Convergent and parallel evolution occur more frequently than previously thought. Here, we focus on the evolutionary adaptations of angiosperms to sub-zero temperatures. We begin by introducing the research history of convergent and parallel evolution, defining all independent similarities as convergent evolution. Our analysis reveals that frost zones (periodic or constant), covering 49.1% of Earth's land surface, host 137 angiosperm families with over 90% of their species thriving in these regions. On this context, we revisit the global biogeography and evolutionary trajectories of plant traits, such as herbaceous form and leaf deciduousness, which are likely evasion strategies for frost adaptation. At the physiological and molecular levels, many angiosperms have independently evolved cold-acclimation mechanisms through multiple pathways beyond the well-characterized CBF/DREB1 regulatory pathway. The convergent adaptations occur across various molecular levels, including amino acid substitutions and changes in gene duplication and expression within the same or similar functional pathways; however, identical amino acid changes are rare. Moreover, we highlight the prevalence of polyploidy in frost zones and occurrence of paleopolyploidization events during global cooling. These patterns suggest repeated evolution in cold climates. Finally, we discuss plant domestication, predict climate zone shifts due to global warming, and their effects on plant migration and in-situ adaptation. Overall, integrating ecological and molecular perspectives is essential for understanding and forecasting plant responses to climate change.

Importance, structure, cultivability, and resilience of the bacterial microbiota during infection of laboratory-grown Haematococcus spp. by the blastocladialean pathogen Paraphysoderma sedebokerense: evidence for a domesticated microbiota and its potential for biocontrol.

Industrial production of the unicellular green alga Haematococcus lacustris is compromised by outbreaks of the fungal pathogen Paraphysoderma sedebokerense (Blastocladiomycota). Here, using axenic algal and fungal cultures and antibiotic treatments, we show that the bacterial microbiota of H. lacustris is necessary for the infection by P. sedebokerense and that its modulation affects the outcome of the interaction. We combined metagenomics and laboratory cultivation to investigate the diversity of the bacterial microbiota associated to three Haematococcus species and monitor its change upon P. sedebokerense infection. We unveil three types of distinct, reduced bacterial communities, which likely correspond to keystone taxa in the natural Haematococcus spp. microbiota. Remarkably, the taxonomic composition and functionality of these communities remained stable during infection. The major bacterial taxa identified in this study have been cultivated by us or others, paving the way to developing synthetic communities to experimentally explore interactions within this tripartite system. We discuss our results in the light of emerging evidence concerning the structuring and domestication of plant and animal microbiota, thus providing novel experimental tools and a new conceptual framework necessary to enable the engineering of Haematococcus spp. microbiota toward the biocontrol of P. sedebokerense.

Domestication During Restoration: Unintentional Selection During Eight Generations of Wild Seed Propagation Reduces Herkogamy, Dichogamy and Heterozygosity in Clarkia pulchella.

Seed production on native seed farms has increased to meet the rising demand for plant material for restoration. Although these propagation efforts are necessary for restoration, cultivating wild populations may also result in unintentional selection and elicit evolutionary changes that mimic crop domestication, essentially turning these efforts into artificial domestication experiments. Here, we investigated whether phenotypic and genomic changes associated with domestication occurred in the wildflower Clarkia pulchella Pursh (Onagraceae) by comparing the wild source populations to the farmed population after eight generations of cultivation. At the phenotypic level, the farmed population shifted towards a floral morphology associated with self-pollination, with a significant decrease in both dichogamy and herkogamy. At the genomic level, > 6500 SNPs revealed that mean expected heterozygosity of the farmed population was significantly lower than the wild populations, despite the fact that the farmed population originated from a pool of multiple wild populations. Both the shift towards a selfing phenotype and the loss of diversity are expected consequences of domestication, although the phenotypic shifts in particular occurred much more rapidly than has been observed for other domestication traits. We discuss these results in the context of plant domestication and the implications for retaining the genetic integrity of wild populations during the process of seed production for restoration.

Analysis of the anthropogenic effect on the Silencio River in Salvador Escalante, Michoacán, México.

The average annual water availability worldwide is approximately 1,386 trillion cubic hectometers (hm3), of which 97.5% is saltwater and only 2.5% is freshwater. Nearly 70% is not available for human consumption as it is in glaciers, snow, and ice. It is estimated that only 0.77% is accessible freshwater for human use. Mexico has an availability of 451,584.7 million cubic meters (m3) of freshwater, with accessibility and distribution being unequal. The growth in urbanization, population, and industrialization has caused a decrease in water quality, and other parameters. Organic and inorganic contaminants evolved from various sources cause the degradation of water quality. The pollution of aquatic bodies, such as rivers and lakes, is one of the main problems in the world. In Salvador Escalante in México, the domestic wastewaters treatment plant (WWTP) is being exposed to effluents contaminated with metals like copper, cadmium, lead, and mercury. In this work, active sludges from the WWTP were analyzed. First, particle size distribution of flocs was measured by a sedimentation process. Secondly, analysis of the tolerance that microorganisms exhibit to metals (i.e., factors) was performed, based on a 2 (4-1) factorial design of experiments at laboratory-scale, measuring pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and electrical conductivity (responses). This aims to evaluate the capacity of the WWTP for improve the water quality. Microbiologic cultures were used for a qualitative study of the microorganisms contained in the active sludges; it was found that Enterobacterium does not grow in presence of heavy metals. Cadmium is the most harmful metal for microorganisms according to Pareto diagrams presented in this study.

From Natural Hosts to Agricultural Threats: The Evolutionary Journey of Phytopathogenic Fungi.

Since the domestication of plants, pathogenic fungi have consistently threatened crop production, evolving genetically to develop increased virulence under various selection pressures. Understanding their evolutionary trends is crucial for predicting and designing control measures against future disease outbreaks. This paper reviews the evolution of fungal pathogens from natural habitats to agricultural settings, focusing on eight significant phytopathogens: Pyricularia oryzae, Botrytis cinerea, Puccinia spp., Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, Blumeria graminis, Zymoseptoria tritici, and Colletotrichum spp. Also, we explore the mechanism used to understand evolutionary trends in these fungi. The studied pathogens have evolved in agroecosystems through either (1) introduction from elsewhere; or (2) local origins involving co-evolution with host plants, host shifts, or genetic variations within existing strains. Genetic variation, generated via sexual recombination and various asexual mechanisms, often drives pathogen evolution. While sexual recombination is rare and mainly occurs at the center of origin of the pathogen, asexual mechanisms such as mutations, parasexual recombination, horizontal gene or chromosome transfer, and chromosomal structural variations are predominant. Farming practices like mono-cropping resistant cultivars and prolonged use of fungicides with the same mode of action can drive the emergence of new pathotypes. Furthermore, host range does not necessarily impact pathogen adaptation and evolution. Although halting pathogen evolution is impractical, its pace can be slowed by managing selective pressures, optimizing farming practices, and enforcing quarantine regulations. The study of pathogen evolution has been transformed by advancements in molecular biology, genomics, and bioinformatics, utilizing methods like next-generation sequencing, comparative genomics, transcriptomics and population genomics. However, continuous research remains essential to monitor how pathogens evolve over time and to develop proactive strategies that mitigate their impact on agriculture.

Experimental Study on the Fire Resistance Performance of Protective Barriers in Petrochemical Plants

The performance of the fire resistance structure applied in domestic plants is evaluated by applying the standard fire curve assuming a general fire. However, such a fire is different from the fire expected to occur in the process of handling high-carbon materials, such as oil refinery plants and petrochemical plants. Therefore, the fire resistance performance of the members used in these plants should be evaluated by conducting fire resistance tests using a hydrocarbon fire curve, assuming a hydrocarbon fire. In this study, a hydrocarbon fire test was conducted on a protective barrier installed in a plant to reduce the risk of fire and explosion and confirm the fire resistance performance. Consequently, it is judged that, in plants where hydrocarbon fires are likely to occur, the protective barriers used will not satisfy fire-resistance regulations, depending on the thickness or type.

Increasing the Environmental Efficiency of the Fleet of Boiler Plants in Modern Conditions

Mankind has created a multi-industry production. Its facilities have a harmful effect on the environment. And it resulted in a global environmental problem that has currently arisen. Among the branches of world production, energy is the most environmentally aggressive, and among its facilities the most aggressive are boiler plants. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of energy facilities on the state of natural environment and analyze the methods to reduce its intensity. Boiler plants are the most important element in modern power engineering. Hence, there is a need for a joint solution of the problem of reducing the harmful effect of boiler plants on the environment and the problem of their useful effect on global energy. The purpose of this research is to analyze methods to solve the problem of environmental interaction of boiler plants with the natural environment in modern conditions resorting to their partial renewal and using alternative energy sources in the future. It is necessary to broaden the requirements to the development of the world fleet of boiler plants that should be based on the use of innovative design, technological and operational solutions to provide reliable environmental efficiency of the equipment. Since domestic boiler plants have worked out a significant part of their service life and create greenhouse gas emissions and pollutant emissions into the atmosphere polluting thus water runoff and producing solid waste, it is advisable to continue to operate them in the mode of partial renewal. The partial renewal results in the reduction of the harmful effect of boiler plants on the environment due to the ecological improvement of the combustion process. Low-power worn-out boiler plants should be stopped and electricity should be supplied to consumers instead of steam. The problem of replacing obsolete boiler plants should be solved by using new energy sources of equivalent power, by creating and commissioning new highly efficient power plants that convert the energy of water, wind, geothermal sources, and solar energy. Understanding the important role of the global fleet of boiler plants in the global environmental situation on the part of international authorities has a positive effect on the state and development of energy and industry. The current involvement of our country in the war has complicated the processes that take place in the energy sector. The quality and reliability of the power plants have acquired particular importance. When using the domestic fleet of boiler plants, it is necessary to do our best to increase its environmental efficiency.

Properties evaluation of terrazzo tiles produced for external use using a fine aggregate from a domestic waste incineration plant

The increasing amount of incineration ash raised significant environmental concerns, particularly regardingwaste disposal and pollution. To address these issues and promote sustainable development, this study explored the production of terrazzo tiles using a fine aggregate of waste incineration bottom ash (WIBA) and aternary binder of cement, fly ash, and hydrated lime. The findings revealed that the substitution of cement withhydrated lime at an optimal level (i.e., 1% by weight) enhanced the flexural and compressive strengths whilereducing the surface water absorption of the terrazzo tiles. The surface abrasion resistance remained relativelyunchanged due to the consistent use of the same surface material across samples. Observation of scanningelectron microscope images further confirmed the obtained engineering properties of the terrazzo tiles. As aresult, the terrazzo tiles met the Vietnamese National standard requirements for external use, further indicatingtheir suitability for various applications in construction. This study found that the terrazzo tiles produced usinga mixture of 13% cement, 1% hydrated lime, 10% fly ash, and 76% WIBA earned the lowest surface waterabsorption of 2.56% and the highest flexural and compressive strengths of 3.86 and 21.37 MPa, respectively.Whereas, the surface abrasion of the sample was recorded at 0.241 g/cm2, making it an optimal choice for practical use in construction.

The Developments and Prospects of Plant Super Pangenomes: Demands, Approaches and Applications.

By integrating genomes of different accessions, the pangenome can offer more comprehensive and reference-bias-free population genetic information in a species than a single reference genome. With the rapid accumulation of genomic sequencing data and the expanding scope of plant research, the focus of plant pangenomics research has gradually evolved from a single species to multiple species in recent years, giving rise to the concept of super pangenome that cover all genomic sequences of a genus-level taxonomic groups. By integrating more cultivated and wild species, the super pangenome has made significant contributions to the resolution of multiple research areas such as plant genetic diversity, evolution, domestication, and molecular breeding. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the plant super pangenomes, focusing on its unique value and development demands, construction approaches, potential applications and achievements. We highlight the distinctive advantages and promising prospects of super pangenomes and discuss the current challenges and future directions.

Earliest evidence of sedentism in the Antilles: Multiple isotope data from Canímar Abajo, Cuba

The early populations that inhabited the Antilles were traditionally understood as highly mobile groups of hunters/fishers and gatherers. Although more recent data have demonstrated that some populations engaged in the production of domestic plants and cultivars, questions remain about other aspects of their lifeways, including whether the adoption of domesticates was accompanied by a decrease in residential mobility. The level of sedentism in a population is an instrumental variable to understand community social relations and complexity, adaptations, and lifeways. Here, we combined enamel strontium ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr), oxygen (δ 18 O en ), and carbon (δ 13 C en ) isotopes of 44 human teeth from the site of Canímar Abajo—where the oldest human remains from the insular Caribbean have been reported—to examine the mobility patterns of early Antillean groups. In contrast with traditional narratives, the homogeneous strontium isotope values observed in most individuals from the older funerary area of the site (cal. BC 2237–790) were consistent with the pattern expected for a sedentary population subsisting primarily on local resources obtained close to the coast. The isotopic evidence reveals that between cal. AD 403–1282, the mound was reused for funerary practices by both local communities and nonlocal individuals. The evidence suggests that this period saw higher population mobility, with influxes of individuals from more distant locations and diverse dietary and burial traditions. The isotope results from Canímar Abajo provide the earliest isotopic evidence of populations with low-level residential mobility in the Antilles.

Fungal Phytopathogens: Their Role in the Spread and Management of Invasive Alien Plants

Biological invasions pose a major environmental challenge, often facilitating the unregulated dissemination of pathogens and parasites associated with their hosts. These pathogens can severely impact native and cultivated species, with far-reaching ecological and economic consequences. Despite their importance, the mycobiota associated with invasive plant species remains relatively understudied, posing a complex challenge for researchers. The aim of this manuscript is to underscore the most significant threats posed by the uncontrolled transmission of fungal pathogens from invasive alien plants to native environments and agricultural systems, and to identify the factors influencing this phenomenon. We emphasize the role of pathogen spillback and spillover mechanisms in the domestication of invasive alien plants. The influence of environmental, host, and pathogen-related factors on the survival of fungal pathogens were also investigated. Finally, we explore the technical and legal feasibility of using plant pathogens as “green agents” to control invasive alien plants.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of bioaerosols emissions from the domestic eastern wastewater treatment plant, Alexandria, Egypt.

Bioaerosol studies showed that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant source of bioaerosol emissions. In this study, 170 samples of total bacteria, total coliform, and total fungi were collected from 10 sites within a domestic WWTP, Alexandria, Egypt, using the sedimentation technique. According to the Index of Microbial Air Contamination (IMA) classes, the total bacteria range was 108-5120 CFU/dm2/hour, and all samples were classified as "very poor" except one sample of an office, which was classified as "poor." The total coliform range was 0-565 CFU/dm2/hour, and 6 samples were classified as "very poor," while one sample was classified as "poor." The total fungi range was 0-209 CFU/dm2/hour, and 9 samples were classified as "very poor," while 4 samples were classified as "poor." After the conversion to CFU/m3, the counts of total bacteria, total coliforms, and total fungi were 897 - 42.7 × 103, 0-4.71 × 103, and 0-2.69 × 103 CFU/m3, respectively. Several identified bioaerosols have been reported before as a cause of human infections. They included Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Bacillus cereus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli, Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus sp., Candida sp., and Rhodotorula sp. These results indicated an increased health risk to WWTP staff, which needs more attention and more efficient control measures.

Rapid Start-Up of Anammox Process with a Stepwise Strategy: System Performance, Microbial Community Succession and Mechanism Exploration

Anammox has emerged as a primary alternative to conventional biological nitrogen removal because of its excellent nitrogen removal performance and minimal energy utilization. However, the slow growth and reproduction of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) leads to an overlong start-up period, which severely restricts the full-scale promotion and application of anammox in wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, in this study, a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) equipped with combined packing was used to investigate the rapid start-up of the anammox process. The result showed that the anammox reactor started successfully in only 75 days using a stepwise strategy, and the total nitrogen removal rate (TNRR) increased from 0.02 kg N m−3 d−1 on day 1 to 0.23 kg N m−3 d−1 on day 75. The primary AnAOB was Candidatus Kuenenia with a relative abundance of 37.20% at the end of the start-up of the anammox reactor. Denitrifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and hydrolytic bacteria were also detected in the reactor. The synergistic interactions between AnAOB and these bacteria facilitated the efficient removal of pollutants. This study can offer a potential approach for the start-up of anammox in domestic wastewater treatment plants, which is conducive to achieving widespread application of anammox.

Unravelling the impact of domestication on competitive ability in Durum Wheat: A Phenotypic Plasticity Perspective.

The need to address the impact of domestication on plant traits is frequently highlighted in modern agriculture. It is often argued that domesticated plants have lost competitive ability due to reduced phenotypic plasticity. This study examines whether domestication has affected competitive ability, functional trait values, and plasticity in durum wheat across 39 genotypes representing four key stages of domestication, from wild progenitors to modern elite varieties. Plants were grown in pots, both alone and in competition with a same neighboring genotype. Biomass, and above- and belowground traits were measured at the end of the vegetative stage. Our results show that the three domesticated groups lost less biomass in response to competition compared to their wild progenitors. All genotypes developed thinner leaves and thicker roots when grown with a neighbor. While wild progenitors exhibited the highest plasticity, this did not translate to a greater competitive ability. These findings challenge the theoretical expectation that domesticated plants are less suited for competition. Instead, they suggest that domesticated plants perform well in competitive environments and question the need to reintroduce wild traits to improve competitive ability.

Early Neolithic plant exploitation in north-western China: archaeobotanical evidence from Beiliu

China was a centre for early plant domestication, millets in the north and rice in the south, with both crops then spreading widely. The Laoguantai Culture (c. 8000–7000 BP) of the middle Yellow River region encompasses a crucial stage in the transition from hunting and gathering to farming, yet its subsistence basis is poorly understood. The authors present archaeobotanical data from the site of Beiliu indicating that farmers exploited a variety of wild and cultivated plants. The predominance of broomcorn millet accords with other Neolithic cultures in northern China but the presence of rice—some of the earliest directly dated examples—opens questions about the integration of rice cultivation into local subsistence strategies.

Fundamentals Studies of Sludge Electrolysis Using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a Model Compound

The Haber-Bosch process is the main industrial practice for producing ammonia, known for its energy intensity. Current ammonia production is unsustainable, and the overuse of synthetic fertilizer has led to significant environmental impact in air, water, and soil. Organic waste, such as sewage sludge from domestic wastewater treatment plants represents a valuable resource for nitrogen recovery, containing approximately 6% nitrogen content (1) in dry basis.Electrolysis of waste activated sludge (WAS) has the potential to recover nitrogen from this slurry waste (2-3), where nitrogen is mainly present in the form of proteins constituting 30-40% of the total solids in sludge (4). Developing efficient electrochemical processes to valorize organic waste such as WAS is critical to achieving sustainability goals, protecting the environment, and enabling economic development and growth (5). While efforts have been made to employ sludge electrolysis at high to moderate voltages to mineralize the organic matter completely or partially, the optimal scenario for electrolysis would involve the selective transformation of sludge components into valuable products like ammonia and other nutrients that can be further separated as a fertilizer (4). However, the complexity of sludge components, such as proteins, their solubility, denaturation, and structural variability, presents one of the main challenges that needs to be addressed in the process.Given the complexity of real sludge, it is reasonable to begin with a model compound such as a protein to understand the fundamental behavior of the system. Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) is a globular protein that contains approximately 15-17 percent nitrogen by weight. This protein is relatively inexpensive, readily available, and possesses appropriate structural complexity for fundamental studies. In this presentation, the most recent results for the electrochemical oxidation of BSA will be discussed, aiming to provide a better understanding of the mechanism of reaction of complex organic nitrogen compounds.Reference: D. Bolzonella, C. Cavinato, F. Fatone, P. Pavan and F. Cecchi, Waste Management, 32, 1196 (2012).M. Jafari and G. G. Botte, Frontiers in Chemistry, 10, 974223 (2022).M. Jafari and G. G. Botte, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 51, 119 (2021).K. Xiao and Y. Zhou, Journal of Cleaner Production, 249, 119373 (2020).C. Alvarez-Pugliese, D. Donneys-Victoria, W. J. Cardona-Velez and G. G. Botte, Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 46, 101508 (2024)