Domestic Passenger Research Articles

인도 내수용 승용차의 차체 디자인 요인 분석

인도 내수용 승용차의 차체 디자인 요인 분석

Evaluating Domestic Passenger Satisfaction with In-Flight Catering Services

In-flight catering services are an essential part of the passengers' experience during travel. However, existing literature reveals that in-flight catering services have changed from time to time due to the increasing number of options, menu dishes, and new preparation methods and materials. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine the factors that affect passengers' satisfaction with in-flight catering services. Hence, the data were collected through an online survey among airline passengers using a snowball sampling method. The snowball sampling method was chosen for its ability to reach a diverse range of participants. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. Descriptive analyses and correlation analyses were used for the empirical study. Results revealed that environmentally friendly food packaging has the highest mean among the three variables: packaging, menu choices, and food quality. This proves that environmentally friendly food packaging is the most prevalent factor in passengers’ satisfaction with in-flight catering services. The result showed that three factors, packaging, menu choices, and food quality, made a unique and statistically significant contribution to the passengers' satisfaction. From these three factors, we would like to identify which factor most influences passengers' satisfaction with in-flight catering services.

MODEL PERAMALAN PERGERAKAN PENUMPANG DOMESTIK DI BANDAR UDARA YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

This research is quantitative descriptive research which aims to make predictions using the ARIMA model time series forecasting method. The data obtained was analyzed using the R program. The data used for forecasting is the number of arrivals and departures of domestic passengers at Yogyakarta International Airport for the period January 2022 – December 2023. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that the ARIMA model time series forecasting method is the best for predicting the number of arrivals. and domestic passenger departures at Yogyakarta International Airport are the AR (1,0,0) model. This method was chosen because the results were significant, met the white noise requirements and had the smallest MAPE value.

Regular domestic air passenger market dynamics: The Brazilian case

Brazil occupies a prominent position as one of the largest domestic air passenger markets globally. In May 2019, OAG Aviation Worldwide Limited (OAG), a renowned global travel data provider, ranked Brazil as the world’s 6th largest domestic market. This study identifies and meticulously analyses statistical trends in how service levels affect passenger demand on domestic air routes in Brazil. To that end, it employs a panel-data gravity model incorporating service as an instrumental variable. The findings confirm the influence of traditional gravity explanatory variables, while also contributing novel insights into the impact of service levels on domestic routes. The analysis reveals that, while factors such as income and distance play a fundamental role in shaping domestic demand, level of service emerges as a crucial determinant on regional connections. Overall, the statistics suggest growing divergences between Brazilian airlines and regional air transport. Accordingly, substantial changes are necessary in both government policies and the services offered by the airline industry in order to harness the full potential of Brazil’s domestic air transport passenger market and foster regional development.

Modernisation of Domestic Ro-Ro Passenger Ships Operating in the Philippines

This paper forms part of a wider study in the form of a Formal Safety Assessment of the domestic passenger ships operating in the Philippines, undertaken on behalf of the Philippines Government, and financed by the World Bank and the International Maritime Organisation. The paper focuses on design deficiencies of the domestic RoPax ships, primarily in damage stability. The process of ship selection for representation of the wider fleet risk assessment is explained, leading to one medium RoPax and one large RoPax, typical of some 500 of these ships, serving the open sea domestic trade in the Philippines. To this end, the selected designs have been subjected to a systematic process of damage stability and flooding risk analysis in order to identify design vulnerabilities, leading to risk estimation in the form of Potential Loss of Life. A number of risk control options have then been identified, enabling a thorough risk assessment and identification of cost effective RCOs, as well as impact assessment, using IMO risk acceptance criteria as basis. Despite the poor state of the domestic Ro-Ro passenger vessels operating in the Philippines, many of these aged, badly retrofitted, poorly maintained, and operated, it has been possible to identify cost-effective design solutions to raise the damage stability (and safety) standard of these ships to international standards of newly designed ships; it seems an unprecedented achievement, but evidently true. This presents the Philippine Government and the owners of these vessels with a unique opportunity to upgrade their domestic fleet of RoPax vessels and showcase these against the best in the world. Because of the similarity in the approach, the selection of risk control options and the overall analysis adopted, only one of the typical RoPax vessels selected is presented in this paper.

Fire Safety Analysis Onboard Passenger Ships by using Fire Dynamics Simulations: Case Study of a Turkish Domestic Passenger Ship

Fire Safety Analysis Onboard Passenger Ships by using Fire Dynamics Simulations: Case Study of a Turkish Domestic Passenger Ship

TRANSFORMATION OF PASSENGER TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT: WORLD EXPERIENCE AND ITS ADAPTATION TO MODERN CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE

Objective. To enhance the competitiveness of railway passenger transportation in Ukraine, it is necessary to explore the experience of structural transformations in passenger enterprises of foreign railways, analyze the current state of the domestic railway passenger transportation management system, and propose an effective organizational structure for the passenger complex of Ukrainian Railways PJSC in modern conditions. Methodology. To achieve the stated objective, methods of analogy, modeling, comparative, and retrospective analysis were applied. Results. The world experience of interaction between organizational units of railway passenger complexes has been considered. An analysis has been conducted, and problems in the interaction of departments in the existing railway passenger transportation management system have been identified. A management structure for the passenger complex of Ukrainian Railways PJSC has been proposed, which will help optimize its operation and contribute to the increased efficiency of railway passenger transportation in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The stages of transformation of the management structure of the passenger complex after the formation of Ukrainian Railways PJSC have been generalized. The passenger complex is considered as a single system: based on the visualization of the distribution of work with trains of different categories, problems of delineation of responsibility zones between the departments of the passenger complex have been identified. A model of an improved organizational structure for managing the passenger complex of railway transport has been developed in accordance with modern conditions. Practical significance. The proposed measures can be applied by Ukrainian Railways PJSC to improve the organizational structure of the passenger complex in the process of transitioning to a vertically integrated management model.

The Saudi Passenger Rights Regulation of 2023 "A Critical Analytical Study"

objective: The main objective of the article is to analyze the provisions contained in the Passenger Rights Regulation. The article supports the legislation of these regulations because it facilitates the continuous adaptation of passenger rights. However, the article criticizes the lack of precision in defining the interaction between the legal rules applicable to international air travel and domestic passenger air travel. Such internal regulations that apply to cross-border air travel can, in some cases, encourage conflicting laws.
 
 Theoretical reference: The study extensively analyzed the 2017 and 2023 Passenger Rights Protection Regulations in comparison with international laws governing air transport, referencing relevant scholarly works.
 
 Methodology: The study used an analytical approach, examining the 2017 and 2023 Passenger Rights Protection Regulations and comparing them with international laws governing air transport, incorporating insights from relevant studies.
 
 Results and Conclusion: The internal regulations governing cross-border air travel, as critiqued, have the potential to engender conflicting legal frameworks. Moreover, the recently enacted 2023 Passenger Rights Regulation is scrutinized for its lack of a feedback mechanism, a crucial element for future regulatory amendments. The article further underscores the regulatory misalignment with international agreements governing international air transportation, indicating that these internal regulations do not comprehensively and equitably safeguard the rights of all passengers. For legislation to serve as a catalyst for innovative and apt legal frameworks in the advancement of air transportation operations and passenger rights, it is imperative that such internal regulations be all-encompassing, non-conflicting with existing legal norms, incorporate a robust feedback system, and ensure the exhaustive protection of passenger rights.
 
 Implications of research: The article critically evaluates current passenger rights systems by shedding light on their weaknesses and the lack of communication between national and international laws related to air travel. Additionally, it conducts a comparative analysis between the passenger rights systems of 2017 and 2023, detailing the changes and their impact on the relationship between local and international laws. The article addresses deficiencies in the new 2023 legislation, such as the absence of a feedback system and its non-alignment with international agreements, highlighting the need for improvement to ensure greater comprehensiveness and alignment with developments.
 
 Originality/value: This study stands out as the sole examination of passenger rights in Saudi law according to the 2023 regulations. It offers solutions to achieve harmony between national laws and international agreements, as well as the potential for continuous improvement of rules within the scope of a perpetually evolving application.

Econometric evidence on the profits and revenues of Indian regional airports

The low profitability of regional airports is a major impediment to the development of regional aviation. Without subsidies, regional airports struggle to subsist financially. This paper elucidates the various revenue and expenditure heads of Indian airports and discusses the financial status of regional airports. This study also uses panel data from 42 Indian regional airports from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 to examine the effect of possible determinants on regional airport profits and revenue. Applying Hausman-Taylor regression, the findings indicate that regional airports can expand their profits and revenue primarily by increasing domestic and international passenger flow. Lower levels of seasonality contribute to the airport revenue. Airport capacity utilisation has a favourable and considerable impact on airport profits but not airport revenue. Civil enclaves were found to be profitable. Additionally, the research findings emphasise the unpredictable nature of low-cost carriers and provide managerial implications to policymakers and regional airport operators.

An artificial neural network for predicting air traffic demand based on socio-economic parameters

Over the past five years, emerging economies have consistently progressed toward achieving greater economic independence. The aviation industry has played a significant role in driving this progress. Accurately forecasting the future demand for air travel is crucial for making long-term commitments to these economies. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the provision of low-cost passenger carrier demand. They can assist low-cost carriers, airports, airport consultants, and government agencies in their strategic planning and development processes. The primary objective of this study is to identify and evaluate artificial intelligence-based solutions, specifically, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), to determine the most effective model for projecting domestic demand for low-cost carriers. The study analyzes nine variables that impact the accuracy of predicting domestic air passenger demand in emerging countries using a Multilayer Feed-Forward Backpropagation Neural (MFFBPN) network. The performance of the developed ANN model for predicting air passenger demand is assessed through training, validation, and testing using 240 data sets. The evaluation metrics employed, including mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity, indicate the effectiveness of the developed ANN model, with results of 0.0019 for MSE, 0.0440 for RMSE, 0.92 for accuracy, 0.92 for precision, 0.93 for sensitivity, and 0.95 for specificity. We show that modeling based on artificial intelligence approaches and ANN is more effective than conventional linear regression models.

Self-driving vehicles’ impacts on Americans’ long-distance domestic travel choices

ABSTRACT This research estimated models for long-distance domestic passenger trips before and after the introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and their application to a 10% synthetic US population. The authors synthesized 12.1M households and 28.1M individuals across 73,056 US census tracts. To generate disaggregated passenger trips, travel demand models, including trip frequency, season, purpose, party size, mode choice, and destination choice, and vehicle ownership models were estimated. Different datasets, including a 2021 long-distance AV survey, 2016/17 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) survey, EPA Smart Location data, and FHWA rJourney dataset were used for model estimation. The model applications indicated AV ownership to be 0.33 per capita after the introduction of AVs within the marketplace with a $3500 AV technology cost premium in the year 2040. Total person-miles traveled per capita in long-distance trips was also estimated to rise 35% (from 280 to 379 miles per month).

Defining Standard of Access to Domestic Air Travel

Transport systems, in particular civil aviation, occupy an important place in development of any modern state. The effective design of such systems has a positive impact on the socio­economic component of any country. The quality of the transport system can be assessed through the population’s access to it. At present, one of the important problems of long-term development of the air transport system of the Russian Federation is definition of a universal indicator that allows assessing access to transport and its possible target standard.The article proposes an approach for assessing access to air travel using mathematical modelling. Two indicators are used as a criterion: a potential number of passengers in the gravitation zones of each airport and a passenger’s time being in the system. A methodology for determining the proposed indicators has been developed. The application of the approach of assessment of access to air travel is demonstrated on the 2019 network.An example of a target (simulated) network of domestic passenger air transportation is also given, which allows to significantly increase access to air travel. Based on the results obtained, the paper proposes target standards for the values of access to air travel for the Russian Federation.

Market capabilities and environmental impact of all-electric aircraft

The transportation sector accounts for 28% of US-based and 14% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Transitioning from hydrocarbon-powered vehicles to electric vehicles such as all-electric aircraft (AEA) in parallel with use of reduced-emissions power sources is one possible method to curtail future sector emissions. However, AEA market capabilities and environmental impact are uncertain and insufficiently quantified in the literature. The present work evaluates AEA in the United States on national and state-by-state bases through 2050, considering four emerging battery architectures and two emissions scenarios. AEA using lithium-air cells with a projected specific energy of 915 Wh/kg could achieve 46.6% of total domestic commercial passenger share and 20.9% of total domestic commercial revenue passenger kilometers (RPK) by 2050, corresponding to a net CO2-equivalent emissions reduction of 1.02% – 19.8%. This work demonstrates clear potential for AEA, although achieving substantive aviation sector emissions reductions requires transition to reduced-emissions power generation.

Расчет системы амортизации шасси пассажирского самолета при ударном нагружении

The paper considers the shock absorption system of an advanced domestic mainline passenger aircraft, which includes oleo-pneumatic shock absorbers and wheels equipped with the pneumatic tires. Nonlinear mathematical models of single-active and two-active oleo-pneumatic shock absorbers of telescopic landing gear supports are proposed. The models take into account the process of polytropic gas compression, the forces of hydraulic resistance to the working fluid flow and the forces of dry friction arising in the system moving parts. To describe the vertical compression reaction of the pneumatic tires, the V.L. Biderman structural model was introduced, which parameters were determined by test results using the least squares method. Motion equations of the landing gear elements were obtained by the analytical mechanics methods involving the Ostrogradsky --- Hamilton variational principle of least action. Constraints imposed on the system were introduced using the penalty functions method. The problem statement of carrying out virtual computational experiments on the landing gear dvops was considered. In a wide range of the impact energies, models of shock absorbers of a passenger aircraft landing gear were validated, for which time realizations of the system state vector were determined, and areas of hysteresis loops of the shock absorber load characteristics were evaluated by the numerical integration. Satisfactory compliance of the results of simulated characteristics of the natural objects was shown. The obtained results could be used to improve the absorption quality criteria by numerical optimization methods, calculate the landing impacts and analyze the aircraft oscillations when moving on the runway

Deep Learning Models for Airport Demand Forecasting With Google Trends

Managers gain new insights into how operational benefits can be achieved. Forecasting problems for passenger flow in airports are gaining interest among marketing researchers, but comparison of stochastic optimisation methods via deep learning forecasts with search query data is not yet available in the aviation field. To fill this gap, the current study predicts the demand of Madrid airport demand with Google search query data using H2O deep learning method. The findings indicate that there is a long-term relationship between search queries and actual passenger demand. Besides, search queries “fly to madrid,” and “flights to madrid spain” were found to be the cause of the actual domestic air passenger demand in Madrid. Also, to determine the best forecasting accuracy, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimisers were used. Specifically, findings indicate that Adam is a better optimiser increasing forecasting accuracy for Madrid airports.

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Factors Influencing Urban Tourism Market Network in Western China: Taking Chengdu as an Example

Urban tourism network attention is important for measuring the competitiveness of the urban tourism industry, tourism attraction, and cultural soft power. In this study, we explored the spatiotemporal patterns and factors influencing network attention in the tourist source market and discussed how tourism cities can increase network attention, thus improving the competitiveness of urban cyberspace and developing soft power. Taking Chengdu as a research case, we obtained data on its tourism network attention from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) between 2011 and 2021. We measured the spatiotemporal characteristics of network attention using the inter-annual change index, seasonal concentration index, potential tourists’ concentration coefficient, and ESDA model and analyzed the factors affecting spatiotemporal changes in network attention using the geographic weighted regression (GWR) model. The results revealed that from 2011 to 2021, the network attention of Chengdu tourism showed an overall “M”-type fluctuation trend, with significant seasonal differences and disequilibrium and significant differences in space, signifying an overall “∩”-shaped distribution trend. This suggested a weak negative spatial correlation. Further, the number of mobile Internet users, people in higher education per 100,000 people, per capita gross domestic product, urbanization rate, and passenger throughput are important factors that affect the network attention of Chengdu tourism. Thus, these results can be used by cities in western China to optimize the network attention rating system of urban tourism, strengthen the promotion of urban image, build a sustainable city, and transform network traffic into effective economic growth.

Centrality anomalies for the domestic air transportation networks in the USA: an empirical benchmark.

Air transportation systems are a foundational infrastructure for the human's society. The lack of systematic and detailed investigation on a large amount of records for air flights has blocked seriously the deep understanding of the systems. By using the American domestic passenger flight records from 1995 to 2020, we constructed the air transportation networks and calculated the betweenness and the eigenvector centralities for the airports. It is found that in terms of eigenvector centrality, 15-30% airports in the unweighted and undirected networks behave anomalous. The anomalies disappear after considering the information of link weights or directionalites. Five widely used models for air transportation networks are evaluated, results for which tell us that the spatial constraints are required to eliminate the anomalies detected by the eigenvector centrality, and provide us some references for selecting the parameters in the models. We hope the empirical benchmarks reported in this paper can stimulate much more works on theoretical models for air transportation systems.

Studi Revitalisasi Fasilitas Ruang Tunggu Terminal Penumpang Domestik Bandar Udara Internasional El Tari Kupang Pasca Badai Seroja


 Facilities at the airport are divided into two main parts consisting of the land side and the air side. Existing facilities on the land side consist of: passenger terminal, cargo terminal, operational building, air traffic control tower or Air Traffic Control (ATC), SAR (Search and Rescue) building, meteorological building, main/VIP class building, entrance , fueling building, as well as administrative and office buildings. While the facilities on the air side consist of: runways, taxiways, aircraft parking areas, runway strips or runway end safety areas, as well as aviation accident rescue and fire fighting facilities. This research uses a type of qualitative research and descriptive research type. The purpose of the authors using qualitative research is to describe and reveal the facts and symptoms contained in the research problem, namely to analyze and describe the revitalization of the waiting room for the domestic passenger terminal at El Tari Kupang International Airport.The strategy for repairing damaged and unfit for use due to the Seroja storm has been realized and the damaged and unfit for use facilities have received proper and prompt treatment due to good coordination and cooperation between operating units and related units that were damaged. In addition, efforts to maintain. The quality of facilities is an important thing to prioritize because it has a high level of importance, but in practice there are still many complaints from service users who feel unsatisfied regarding the quality of the facilities available at El Tari Kupang International Airport, especially in the waiting room.
 Keywords: Security,Waiting Room, and Comfortness

Peramalan Banyaknya Penumpang Bandar Udara Internasional Sam Ratulangi Manado Dengan Metode Winter's Exponential Smoothing dan Seasonal ARIMA

The Winter's Exponential Smoothing method is used to overcome seasonal patterns in data. This method is divided into two models, namely additive and multiplicative models. While the Seasonal ARIMA method is an ARIMA method used to solve seasonal time series. The data used is secondary data from PT. Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Sam Ratulangi International Airport Manado for the period January 2015 to December 2022. The purpose of this research is to determine the model for forecasting the number of passengers at PT.Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Sam Ratulangi International Airport Manado, as well as to compare the Winter's method Exponential Smoothing and Seasonal ARIMA based on the smallest MSD value. The results of the comparison of the two methods with the smallest MSD value are the Winter's Exponential Smoothing method with the multiplicative model equation. The results of the analysis on arriving passengers, namely the exponential smoothing of the original data (α) is 0.9, the smoothing of the trend pattern (β) is 0.1, and the smoothing of the seasonal pattern (γ) is 0.1. With the results of the 2023 forecast, namely: January 95,046, February 87,154, March 98,462, April 97,391, May 110,061, June 103,098, July 130,360, August 118,165, September 108,790, October 115,673, November 112,114, and December 136.40. The results of the analysis on domestic passenger departures are α = 0.9, β = 0.1, and γ = 0.2. With the results of forecasting the number of departures in 2023, namely January 108.900, February 88.588, March 100.646, April 98.066, May 111.638, June 112.963, July 126.684, August 111.471, September 111.872, October 116.211, November 111.990, and December 117.431.

Portfolio Analysis of Clean Energy Vehicles in Japan Considering Copper Recycling

Several countries are moving toward carbon neutrality to mitigate climate change. The introduction of clean energy vehicles (CEVs) is a measure to offset the adverse effects of global warming. However, each CEV has its strengths and weaknesses. An optimal CEV portfolio must be formulated to create effective policies that promote innovative technologies and introduce them into the market. CEVs also consume more copper than gasoline vehicles. Copper is associated with supply risks, which most previous conventional studies have failed to address. Therefore, this study proposes a novel CEV optimization model for sustainable consumption of copper resources through recycling along with reduction of CO2 emissions. This study aims to analyze the optimal portfolio for domestic passenger vehicles and the assumed effects of copper recycling and usage reduction. For this analysis, this study set up scenarios for the recycling rate of copper contained in end-of-life vehicles and the reduction rate of copper used in newly sold vehicles. Our simulation results showed that increased recycling rates and reduced use of copper are necessary for the diffusion of battery electric vehicles. Furthermore, the simulation results indicated that if these improvements are not implemented, the deployment of fuel cell vehicles needs to be accelerated.