Domestic News Research Articles

Demarcation and Refugee Hate: Framing of Refugees in News and its Impact on Hate Speech in Public Comments

ABSTRACT This study analyses the interplay between media framing and hate speech in South Korean refugee-related news. As news about refugees within Korea has recently emerged in the Korean media, analyzing how news framing influences public discourse would serve as the starting point for understanding the media's role in shaping public opinions towards refugees. Using 3965 news articles and 314,769 comments on Afghan and Yemeni refugees, we employed the analysis of topic model network to identify frames. Deep neural networks detected hate comments, and Poisson regression assessed the impact of framing and its interaction with news scope on hate speech. For Afghan refugees, international news with a victim frame reduced hate comment, whereas domestically it increased them. Intruder framing generally decreased hate comments, particularly in domestic news. Similarly, for Yemeni refugees, international victim-framed news received fewer hate comments, while domestic news with the same frame increased hate comments. The intruder frame, which had no effect on domestic news, significantly increased hateful comments on international news. These results show how nuances of framing, along with news scope, affect the dynamics of hate speech in South Korea when refugees are portrayed as a domestic or as an international issue.

Vladimir Putin on Channel One, 2000–2022

ABSTRACT Drawing on transcripts from the television network Channel One, a popular news source in Russia, this article addresses the question: “How was Vladimir Putin covered by state-controlled media while the regime became increasingly centralized?” The literature on the subject is scarce and inconclusive. Dictators create different images of themselves, and the portrayals of present-day spin dictators — those who primarily rely on the power of propaganda to persuade rather than dominate — are understudied. While some analysts point to Putin’s omnipresence in mass media, others uncover the lack of media personalization and relatively neutral coverage. Using 385,981 news transcripts from 2000–2022 and relying on techniques from natural language processing, I examine how a present-day autocrat attempts to optimize the intensity of state-controlled propaganda. I uncover three main tendencies. First, during all the years in power, the ruler has been more frequently referred to through positive stories. Second, there is only partial evidence that the relative references to Putin on Channel One have significantly increased over time. Third, during all his years in power, Putin has been more frequently mentioned in domestic news rather than in stories about foreign affairs. However, I also demonstrate that the share of news about foreign affairs and events abroad that mentions the ruler has been increasing every year since 2013. By focusing on the supply side of propaganda, this article contributes to the literature on autocratic resilience and spin dictators.

Sarcasm or sexism? Media framing of Duterte’s misogynistic speeches

ABSTRACT This article examines the media framing of authoritarian leaders’ misogynistic speeches from the case of former President Rodrigo Duterte in the Philippines. Existing literature has discussed Duterte’s strategic use of misogynistic language and women’s responses to his speeches, but little research has examined how the news media framed his behavior. We conduct a qualitative media content analysis of 265 reports from seven domestic news media outlets about three incidents of Duterte’s public speeches: fantasizing about raping an Australian missionary woman, threatening to attack female rebel soldiers’ vaginas, and denying women’s eligibility for the presidency. We find that the news media tends to underreport the incidents despite variations across different media. In particular, the media tends to frame Duterte’s speeches as (1) feminist issues rather than human rights issues, (2) sarcastic jokes rather than genuine misogyny, and (3) individual deviation rather than structural problems. As the first systematic study of variations in news reports on Duterte’s misogynistic speeches, this article expands the literature on media representations of political leaders’ misogynistic behavior in consideration of local contexts from non-Western societies.

Analysis of Domestic News Related to ‘English Kindergarten’ Using Big Data of News Articles

Analysis of Domestic News Related to ‘English Kindergarten’ Using Big Data of News Articles

빅데이터를 활용한 코로나 19 이전과 이후 노인 운동참여 미디어 담론분석

This study investigates how media framing of elderly exercise participation has evolved pre- and post-COVID-19, aiming to highlight its societal importance and offer data to encourage such activities. By analyzing domestic news from 2017 to 2022 with TEXTOM and Ucinet, four main themes emerged: government policies, disease prevention through exercise, exercise facilities, and sports activities for the elderly. Findings indicate post-COVID shifts towards policy support, technological advancements, increased focus on sarcopenia prevention, IT-enhanced exercise facilities, and the rise of home-based care and private exercise services. This reflects a growing societal concern and potential areas for further activation of elderly exercise participation.

Sports News in Five Arab Countries: A Comparative Study of Journalistic Role Performance Across Platforms and Sources

This study examines journalistic role performance in sports news in five Arab countries in relation to country, geographic frame, platforms, and sources. The comparative content analysis of three journalistic roles – loyal-facilitator, watchdog, and infotainment – in Egypt, Kuwait, Lebanon, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) relies on 874 sports news stories from 40 print, broadcast, and online outlets, sampled in 2020 through a constructed, two-week stratified-systematic approach. Results point to variations in all roles as a function of some predictors more than others. Specifically, the UAE tended to be the most loyal/cheerleader, whereas Qatar led in the infotainment role. Loyalty was also apparent across the region in domestic news that was more loyalist than foreign news. Sources mattered in that political sources tended to predict higher levels of loyalist content, while sports sources did not have any impact on any role. Sources’ viewpoint of diversity, on the other hand, revealed multiple perspectives to be associated with more infotainment and watchdog content. The results indicate the loyalist cheerleader role that sports journalists in the West have been associated with for decades also applies to the Arab region, suggesting sports journalists behave in a similar manner irrespective of their country of origin.

Vulnerable voices: using topic modeling to analyze newspaper coverage of climate change in 26 non-Annex I countries (2010–2020)

News media influence how climate change is represented, understood, and discussed in the public sphere. To date, media and climate change research has primarily focused on Annex I countries, or treated non-Annex I countries as a homogenous bloc, despite the global nature of climate change and its geographically uneven impacts. This study uses a mixed-method approach, combining machine learning (topic modeling), econometrics, and qualitative analyses, to investigate newspaper coverage of climate change in 26 non-Annex I countries. We compiled a dataset of 95 216 news articles (dated between 2010 and 2020 from 50 sources) in 26 lower-middle and upper-middle income non-Annex I countries. In line with previous research results, we find that most common topics represented are international governance of climate change, the economics of energy transitions, and the impacts of climate change. Advancing current research understanding, we also demonstrate heterogeneity in coverage between non-Annex I countries and discover that a country’s vulnerability to climate change is positively associated with the diversity of topics (based on an article-level entropy index) portrayed by its domestic news media outlets.

What is newsworthy about Covid-19? A corpus linguistic analysis of news values in reports by China Daily and The New York Times

Integrating corpus linguistic analysis with news values, this article investigates how the Covid-19 pandemic in different countries is represented as newsworthy by China Daily (CD) and The New York Times (NYT), two news outlets with different cultural and political backgrounds. A distinction is made between reports on the pandemic in the newspaper’s home country and reports on the pandemic in other countries. Three corpus linguistic techniques, i.e., keywords list, collocation, and concordance, are used to analyze the headlines and leads of 2572 news reports published in 2020 and 2021. Analysis results show that when presenting the pandemic in domestic news, CD tends to highlight Proximity, Positivity, and Personalization, whereas NYT gives more prominence to Eliteness and Personalization. When the pandemic in other countries is presented, CD foregrounds Negativity, Impact, Superlativeness, and Eliteness, whereas NYT focuses on Negativity, Impact, and Proximity. Compared with NYT, CD shows a stronger tendency to adopt positive self-representation and negative other-representation in its coverage of the Covid-19 pandemic. Apart from the analysis results, the significance of the study also lies in its demonstration of the applicability of a corpus linguistic approach to news values analysis.

ЭТНИЧНОСТЬ И МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНАЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ В СМИ: ОПЫТ НОРВЕГИИ

One of the main problems on the world agenda remains the problem of international relations. The processes of globalization in the modern world lead to the expansion of cultural contacts at different levels: from everyday life to political. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in the problems of intercultural communication, which actualizes the study of the role of the media in such communication as one of the areas of journalism science. This article explores the issues of intercultural communication in the mirror of the largest media in Norway. The theoretical foundations of the study were the ideas of academician V. A. Tishkov about the ethnic and religious diversity of the modern multipolar world, the dialogical model of the media approach in the formation of society’s tolerance, proposed by I. M. Dzyaloshinsky, as well as theoretical approaches to the study of modern communication processes, presented in foreign and Russian journalism works. Based on the content analysis method, the article analyzes the representation of intercultural topics in three Norwegian leading TV-programs related to the coverage of international and domestic news – “Dagsrevyen”, “Urix”, “Debatten”, as well as in the materials of Norway’s largest online-media “Aftenposten”. Much attention is paid to the study of Norwegian legislation and media codes in relation to groups of migrants and refugees. It is noted that Norway, being initially a predominantly ethnically homogeneous state, has turned into a multicultural one, on the territory of which people from more than two hundred countries of the world live. It is concluded that the Norwegian media play an important mediating role in the field of interethnic interaction. Following the spirit and letter of the Immigration Act of 2008 and the Norwegian Code of Ethics for Journalists, publications try to maintain the level of quality journalism in covering issues of ethnicity and intercultural communication. Of course, the direction of the modern agenda of the Norwegian media has changed, shifting after February 2022 towards coverage of situation in Ukraine, which the whole world is following today. But despite the modality of some materials, we note that in the analyzed materials much attention is paid to explanatory journalism.

Foreign news, regime type, and framing of China: comparing the world’s media interpretations of the Hong Kong National Security Law

The existing literature has recognized that democratic regimes tend to allow pluralistic media content, whereas authoritarian regimes mostly permit pro-regime media content. This discussion has long focused on domestic news at the national level. However, the implications of foreign news have seldom been explored. By examining the Hong Kong National Security Law, this article compares the world’s media interpretations of China. The findings show that (1) democratic regimes mainly reported negatively, but authoritarian regimes reported pluralistically, (2) democratic regimes largely framed the Security Law as China’s intervention and the justification of foreign assistance, but authoritarian regimes framed it as a matter of China’s internal affairs and countersanctions against foreign intervention in Hong Kong, and (3) both democratic and authoritarian regimes covered Western sanctions on China more than Chinese countersanctions on the West. The conclusion strongly supports the thesis that regime type is the most significant determiner of the reporting style adopted by foreign news organizations. This article focuses on an internationally controversial case study to understand the literature on perceptions of China and regime type.

Foreign and Domestic Online Media Representation of Indonesian Minister of Finance: A Feminist Stylistics Approach

Background: 
 Examination of gender representation and the portrayal of a prominent female public figure in both foreign and domestic online media. By applying a feminist stylistics approach, the study sheds light on the importance of fair and unbiased representation of female leaders in the media landscape, which can contribute to dismantling gender stereotypes and promoting gender equality in society.
 Methodology: 
 This study employs a qualitative method to explore the portrayal of gender relations using Sara Mills' feminist stylistics framework, focusing on word, phrase/sentence, and discourse levels.
 Findings: 
 The findings reveal that the representation of the Indonesian Minister of Finance in both foreign and domestic news sites exhibit specific yet distinct results, influenced by cultural norms and Sri Mulyani's reputation within Indonesia and internationally. Utilizing the three levels of analysis within the feminist stylistics theory framework, the study uncovers that the minister is addressed fairly and without explicit gender bias.
 Conclusion: 
 This study highlights the importance of fair and unbiased representation of public figures in media by examining the portrayal of Indonesia's Minister of Finance through a feminist stylistics approach.
 Originality: 
 This comprehensive analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of gender representation in media and highlights the importance of addressing public figures in a fair and unbiased manner.

The Specifics of the Internal Image of the People’s Republic of China in News Publications

This study is aimed to analyze the methods of forming the internal image of the People’s Republic of China in the domestic media as part of the coverage of an initially negative topic — the coronavirus epidemic, as well as characterizing the PRC’s strategy for positioning its own image.Aim. Reveal the specifics of the coverage of the COVID-19 epidemic, considering it as a method of forming the internal political image of the People’s Republic of China in the online news media.Tasks. Determine the techniques used by domestic news network media to form the state image among the audience, based on a content analysis of a corpus of Chinese articles on the topic of the coronavirus epidemic.Methods. In order to determine the specifics of the coverage of the epidemic in the Chinese media, a qualitative and quantitative content analysis was carried out using a set of parameters developed by the authors, which includes the possibility of sampling, lexical heading analysis, sentiment analysis, and frame analysis.Results. The government of the PRC is able to form a positive discourse in covering an initially negative situation, such as the spread of the COVID-19 virus and the resulting pandemic, which is fully reflected both in the headlines and in the tone of the texts and the use of certain frames. Such an opportunity is provided by such factors as: the state’s ability to control the press at a high level, the Golden Shield international information filtering system, which is specific to the People’s Republic of China, censorship and taboo coverage of a number of topics that are undesirable from the official point of view of the Communist Party of China.Conclusion. When analyzing the Chinese sample corpora, it was concluded that the Chinese government is pursuing a targeted policy to create a positive image through high control over local news publications. The internal image formation is in line with the concept of building a socialist society with Chinese characteristics, promoting the construction of a community of common destiny for mankind, fighting hegemony and imperialism in the world, resolutely defending national sovereignty, security and technological development, and promoting cooperation under the “One Belt, One Road” Initiative.

News Coverage of the COVID-19 Outbreak: Thematic Analysis of a Portuguese Quality Newspaper

News coverage can play a vital role during public health crises, raising awareness about potential risks, informing about response efforts, and encouraging preventive behaviors. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the precariousness of journalists while introducing new challenges in their work. This article presents the results of a thematic analysis of 612 news articles about the initial stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in Portugal, published in a Portuguese quality newspaper from January to March 2020. Results show the relevance of geographical and cultural proximity as news values in international coverage. While the quantification of cases and deaths was a prominent theme in international and domestic coverage, specific cases of infection were frequent in domestic news, while general epidemiological indicators were more often the main theme in international coverage. News about events in Portugal was also more focused on specific containment and mitigation measures, while international coverage found states of emergency and lockdowns more newsworthy. As for news sources, there was a clear dependence on public officials and press releases from Direção-Geral de Saúde as information sources. The experiences and opinions of people speaking as individuals and not on behalf of organizations were much less frequent.

Indonesia's Relations With China in the Age of COVID-19

Seven decades after the establishment of diplomatic relations between Indonesia and China, the COVID-19 pandemic presents new prospects and challenges for bilateral cooperation. We seek to analyse various traits in China–Indonesia relations since 2020 by examining how Indonesia attempts balancing between such cooperation and maintaining peaceful ethnic relations domestically. By tracking the domestic discourse surrounding COVID-19 and China through Indonesia's domestic news media, the paper analyses the development of the pandemic in Indonesia, its procurement of vaccines, and, most significantly, domestic sentiments concerning Indonesia’s ethnic Chinese Tionghoa citizens, as well as Indonesia's bilateral relations with China in general. The article argues that while the COVID-19 pandemic has created new avenues of cooperation between Indonesia and China, it has also adversely affected the domestic relations between ethnic Chinese citizens and the rest of the population. However, this has not translated into a widespread backlash toward China that might hinder bilateral cooperation.

Exposure to the Russian Internet Research Agency foreign influence campaign on Twitter in the 2016 US election and its relationship to attitudes and voting behavior

There is widespread concern that foreign actors are using social media to interfere in elections worldwide. Yet data have been unavailable to investigate links between exposure to foreign influence campaigns and political behavior. Using longitudinal survey data from US respondents linked to their Twitter feeds, we quantify the relationship between exposure to the Russian foreign influence campaign and attitudes and voting behavior in the 2016 US election. We demonstrate, first, that exposure to Russian disinformation accounts was heavily concentrated: only 1% of users accounted for 70% of exposures. Second, exposure was concentrated among users who strongly identified as Republicans. Third, exposure to the Russian influence campaign was eclipsed by content from domestic news media and politicians. Finally, we find no evidence of a meaningful relationship between exposure to the Russian foreign influence campaign and changes in attitudes, polarization, or voting behavior. The results have implications for understanding the limits of election interference campaigns on social media.

Public idioms and nominalisation in news discourse

Introduction. The analysis of news discourse is constantly in the trend of scientific research, since the very concept of discourse implies fluidity and continuity, and news as a genre represents a special form of narration that can be considered through the communicative function of language, which can be revealed through speech acts, that is, through discursive social practice. The use of public idioms sometimes creates an impression of authority and professionalism in the media, which affects the readers’ perception of the material. Nominalisation is also used to create the effect of undisputed objectivity in news writing, which can make it difficult to understand the text. These language practices are sometimes used as a communicative tool of social coercion, soft assent or resistance to readers’ persuasion, to shape discussions about war and conflicts. Relevance of research. The article aims to show how public idioms and nominalisation are presented in news discourse and what communicative tasks they can perform. The task of the research is to reveal the special role of public idioms and nominalisation in news discourse, which can be specific markers of the cultural and ideological field and which, when carefully read, reveal the resource possibilities of media discourse. The object of the research is public idioms and nominalisation in news discourse. The research methodology: Analytical-synthetic method made it possible to analyze the latest research in the field of news discourse, which made it possible to expand the idea of the use of discursive practices in foreign media and, accordingly, follow them on the material of domestic news. Discourse analysis provided tools for analyzing the language of the media through the social context in accordance with the communicative goal, based on the linguistic theory as “social semiotics” - the study of the text as a process of formation of the semiotic system due to interests and ideology. Results and discussion. Public idioms play a special role in the analysis of news discourse as markers of a special cultural and ideological field, and syntactic figures of nominalisation, which upon careful reading reveal the resource possibilities of media discourse. Considering the communicative component of news discourse, it should be noted that public idioms and nominalization as unifying and expressive elements can mobilize the audience to action and form a desire for change, activity or response to certain problems, challenges, and draw public attention to certain phenomenon. Conclusions and prospects. News discourse is a special genre, where the accuracy of information transmission limits the practices of manipulation, but at subtle discursive levels media coercion and media control occur at first sight imperceptible, in particular, through the use of public idioms and nominalisation. The proposed approach opens wide opportunities for further research on public idioms and nominalisation in media discourse through ideal, interpersonal and textual functions. The analysis of news discourse should be expanded to include structural, communicative, multimodal and other scientific directions to intensify the convergence of theoretical and methodological attitudes.

International Yield Spillovers

AbstractThis article investigates spillovers from foreign economies to the U.S. through changes in long-term Treasury yields. We document a decline in the contribution of U.S. domestic news to the variance of long-term Treasury yields and an increased importance of overnight yield changes, a proxy for foreign shocks’ contribution to U.S. yields. A model that identifies U.S., Euro area, and U.K. shocks that move global yields suggests that foreign shocks account for at least 20% of the daily variation in long-term U.S. yields in recent years. We also document the predictability of long-term U.S. yields by the U.S.–foreign yield spread.

The Evolution of Climate Change Reporting in Business Media: Longitudinal Analysis of a Business Newspaper

The agenda-setting and attitude-forming role of media has been proven and endorsed over time. Media has played an instrumental role in the way the issue of climate change is perceived by various stakeholders in society. Although studies on media coverage of climate issues have been gaining prominence in recent years, there is a gap when we consider the Global South. Moreover, although the business sector is a critical stakeholder in climate change policy and action, studies that focus on how business media projects and highlights climate change are relatively sparse. This vacuum is even more pronounced in developing countries. This research is an attempt to address this gap. We have conducted a longitudinal analysis of climate change reporting in a leading Indian business newspaper, using automated content analysis. Results provide us with valuable insights about how climate frames and climate themes have evolved over time in business media. Our findings suggest that while climate cooperation is a prominent topic in business media, however, it has been declining in recent years. On the other hand, the share of domestic news covering sector specific issues is increasing, mirroring India’s change in stance. The insights derived will help in building consensus across stakeholders involving business decision-makers, media houses, policy makers, and civil society.

Panda Games: Corporate Disclosure in the Eclipse of Search

We show that firms strategically alter their disclosures when investors’ access to information via search engines is interrupted. We conduct a textual analysis and exploit an exogenous event—Google’s 2010 surprising withdrawal from mainland China, which significantly hampered domestic investors’ ability to search for foreign information but did not affect their cost to access domestic information. Following Google’s exit, Chinese firms’ announcements on foreign transactions become more bullish relative to domestic transactions. Optimism in disclosure is especially rosy if the press releases are conveying negative news or are issued by poorly governed firms. This effect is mitigated in the presence of foreign investors or analysts affiliated with foreign brokers who are not subject to foreign information censorship by the government. The increase in search cost also appears to leave domestic news media and financial analysts more vulnerable to the influence of corporate disclosure. These optimistic announcements allow insiders to harvest higher returns from selling their shares and are associated with a higher likelihood of corporate misconduct. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71272072 and 71572042]. X. Yu gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Arthur M. Weimer Fellowship. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4521 .

PROTEST EVENT ANALYSIS MEETS AUTOCRACY: COMPARING THE COVERAGE OF CHINESE PROTESTS ON SOCIAL MEDIA, DISSIDENT WEBSITES, AND IN THE NEWS

How accurate is media-elicited protest event data from autocracies where the state censors the media? Based on a source-specific model of event selection and a multisource dataset of over 3,100 protests from three Chinese megacities, we demonstrate the substantial advantages of using social media data, capturing 115 times more protests than English-language international news, 74 times more than domestic news, and 10 times more than dissident websites. Social media are most likely to cover small and nonviolent events that other sources often ignore. Aside from antiregime protests, they are less affected by censorship than often assumed. A validity test against public holidays and daily rainfall shows that social media data outperform dissident websites and traditional news. Social media, and to a lesser extent dissident media, are promising new sources for protest event analysis in autocracies. Scholars should treat news media-based event data from heavily censoring regimes with caution.