Domestic Magazines Research Articles

Victorian Courtship – from Ideal to Real. The Englishwoman’s Domestic Magazine and the Rules of Etiquette

The Victorian era in Britain was characterized by an emphasis on “respectability” which formed a part of the domesticity ideology that treated the home as a place created for women. Proper, respectable behaviour was a function of belonging to the middle class. A significant number of savoir‑vivre guides published contemporaneously informed the reader not only about receiving guests but also about courtship and marriage. The subject of the article is a close reading of these etiquette guides and the Englishwoman’s Domestic Magazine letter section, which frequently addresses issues of courtship and marriage. The analysis of the texts using rigid gender roles as presented in the guides and the comparison of them with the letter section of the magazine shows that young readers expressed their independence and assertiveness in trying to contest these rules.

생태계 관점에서 국내 잡지산업 구조 및 구성요인 분석

This study aims to explore ways to make the magazine industry ecosystem sustainable by examining the status of magazine ecosystem components and their limitations by analyzing the magazine market from an ecosystem perspective. Magazine ecosystem refers to a system of value chains established by stakeholders related to the production, distribution, and use of magazine contents. Therefore, in order to analyze the magazine industry ecosystem, various factors constituting the ecosystem are diagnosed according to the life cycle of ‘production(planning and production)-distribution /service-consumption/reproduction’. As a result of the analysis, the domestic magazine industry is evaluated to have not established a virtuous cycle structure despite various adaptation strategies and support policies, and the future sustainable growth potential is weak as the magazine ecosystem is operating in an unhealthy state. Industrial policy tasks to build a virtuous cycle of the magazine industry through mutual activation of the components of the magazine ecosystem should be considered.

A Review Concerning the Polysaccharides Found in Edible and Medicinal Plants in Xinjiang.

Approximately 110 types of medicinal materials are listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, both for medicinal purposes and for use as food. There are several domestic scholars who have carried out research on edible plant medicine in China and the results are satisfactory. Though these related articles have appeared in domestic magazines and journals, many of them are yet to be translated into English. Most of the research stays in the extraction and quantitative testing stage, and there are a few medicinal and edible plants that are still under in-depth study. A majority of these edible and herbal plants are also highly enriched in polysaccharides, and this has an effect on immune systems for the prevention of cancer, inflammation, and infection. Comparing the polysaccharide composition of medicinal and edible plants, the monosaccharide and polysaccharide species were identified. It is found that different polysaccharides of different sizes have different pharmacological properties, with some polysaccharides containing special monosaccharides. The pharmacological properties of polysaccharides can be summarized as immunomodulatory, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive and anti-hyperlipemic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. There have been no poisonous effects found in studies of plant polysaccharides, probably because the substances have a long history of use and are safe. In this paper, the application potential of polysaccharides in medicinal and edible plants in Xinjiang was reviewed, and the research progress in the extraction, separation, identification, and pharmacology of these plant polysaccharides was reviewed. At present, the research progress of plant polysaccharides in medicines and food in Xinjiang has not been reported. This paper will provide a data summary for the development and utilization of medical and food plant resources in Xinjiang.

Illegal Production of Army Firearm in Private Workshops in Tula and the Fight against Them in the Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries

The article deals with the little-studied problem of illegal production of military weapons in one of the weapons centers of the Russian Empire. On the basis of archival documents of the police and the corps of gendarmes, he comes to the conclusion that this crime was caused by the modernization of Russia in the second half of the 19th century. The main types of illegally assembled and manufactured weapons are domestic single-shot and magazine rifles, much less often revolvers, which was due to the need of consumers for such weapons. Methods of production, relations with the customer (forms of payment, delivery of weapons to customers by rail by couriers and further by wagons, less often by sea) are revealed. The main markets for weapons illegally collected in Tula were the South Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Manchuria (the outskirts of the empire, with an unstable political situation). Since the late 1890s, the state began an active fight against the illegal assembly of weapons in Tula, but until the Great Russian Revolution, the problem was not resolved. The change in the legal framework for the manufacture of small arms, the elimination of the class of gunsmiths and their privileges, the very possibility of significant earnings that exceeded the semi-annual income from legal activities, became catalysts for the offense throughout the entire time period under study.

FASHIONGRAPHICS AND COSTUME DESIGN IN UKRAINE IN THE 1920s

The purposeof the paperis to study the fashion peculiarities in Ukraine based on the analysis of fashion graphics of “Fashion Magazine”, which was published in Kyiv and Kharkiv in the 1920s. The events of fashion life in Ukraine are considered in the context of current world fashion trends. Methodology. The methods of historical-chronological and comparative analysis, methods of visual information systematization have been used in the paper. Results. The social conditions for the first specialized fashion publication in Ukraine have been identified.The description of fashion trends of the 1920s has been given based on the analysis of women’s clothing models presented on the pages of “Fashion magazine”.The analysis of changes in Western fashion during the twenties in the Soviet Union has been carried out.Featured artistic expression means of fashion graphics, compositional solutions of magazine centerfolds have been considered. The connection between popular fashion images and events in the Ukrainian republic has been shown, namely: changes in the women’s role in society, the spread of sports, new formats of leisure. The reasons for the transformation of the figurative language of fashion graphics of the early twentieth century have been generalized, the connection of the magazine fashion graphics evolution with the general changes in the world fine arts has been analyzed.The scientific novelty is that there have been introduced the facts of publishing the first domestic magazines on fashion, analyzed the specifics of fashion in Ukraine in the 1920s on the basis of fashion graphics samples from Ukrainian magazines for the first time in the context of Ukrainian fashion history. The practical significance lies in the fact that the information offered in the article fills certain gaps in the Ukrainian fashion history.The practical works of artists who created relevant fashion images in the early twentieth century by means of graphics can be used today both in the process of designing new clothes and in order to promote new costume design ideas.

Writing for the Family Audience

Abstract Családi Kör (1860–1880) was the leading Hungarian domestic magazine of the mid-19th period, which, under the editorship of the first Hungarian woman of letters Emília Kánya, played a major role in introducing the domestic readership to contemporary European literature and in discussing the struggle of women’s employment opportunities before a wider public. Critical studies have also suggested that it was edited and published under the influence of the German Gartenlaube (1853–1944), the journal credited with embedding the journal of domestic magazine in the broader regime of 19th century print culture. Based on a close reading of the two magazines’ coverage in its European cultural historical context, this chapter offers an account of the possible connections and affinities between the two periodicals, and argues that the Hungarian magazine was significantly more daring in its politics and more systematic in its pursuit of introducing the local audience to European literary trends and works.

Аnalysis of studies presented in articles on mitigation of biomedical consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant worldwide (1986–2018)

A lack of accessible information about the demand for domestic articles on the mitigation of consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the early post-accident period necessitates referring to publications presented in international bibliographic databases, which can be a good help in planning research and preparing publications. The intention is an analysis of articles in the field of eliminating the biomedical consequences of the Chernobyl accident in the world and in Russia, indexed in the Scopus database in 1986–2018. A search query gave an array of 3929 articles in Scopus. The largest number of articles was published by authors from the USA (13.2%), Ukraine (12.6%) and Russia (12.2%). A significant number of articles were published by international authors. The average annual number of articles was (119±6) in the whole array and (15±2) in the Russian array. In the whole array, 11.5% of the articles dealt with the biomedical problems of the liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident; 12.5% – the population living in the radioactively-contaminated territories; 18.7% – neoplasms; 8.6% – medical radiation physics; 21.2% – radioecology; 12.0% – biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology. In the Russian array, these respective percentages were 19.8, 17.3, 18.1, 21.7, 18.8% and 10.2%. On average, there were 10.5 citations per article, 70% of the articles were at least once cited, self-citations made up to 17.6%, and the Hirsch index was 81. A quite high demand for articles in the field of eliminating the biomedical consequences of the Chernobyl accident has been revealed among the world scientific community. Russian scientists should form a habit of quoting articles from their colleagues more often. Some domestic magazines still have a low publishing culture. A lack of transliterated lists of references not only precludes from indexing articles in Scopus, but also interferes with citing research papers from domestic scientists, their affiliated research institutions, and Russia as a whole.

Romance in <i>Woman’s Weekly</i> and <i>Woman’s Weekly</i> as Romance, 1918–39

This article examines romance and social aspiration in British domestic magazine Woman’s Weekly during the interwar period. Between 1918 and 1939, Cinderella romance was the dominant fictional genre in Woman’s Weekly, which featured at least one complete story and one serial instalment in each weekly issue. These romances work through the social ambitions of the magazine’s target readers: lower-middle-class housewives on low incomes, who aspire towards class promotion. Assuming a social framework within which a woman’s status is determined by the status of her husband, and assuming a reading experience in which the heroine functions as the reader’s avatar, the social aspirations of Woman’s Weekly’s target readers emerge in the socio-economic status of the magazine’s fictional romance heroes. Surveyed using the ‘distant reading’ process pioneered by Franco Moretti, a sample of Woman’s Weekly Cinderella romances issued during 1918–19, 1928, and 1938–39 reveals shifts and complexities in these aspirations across the interwar period. Notably, these shifts and complexities reflect changes within Britain’s class system, and the assumed position of Woman’s Weekly’s target readers within it. Whilst Woman’s Weekly’s Cinderella romance fiction fulfils its target readers’ social aspirations in fantasy, the magazine’s lifestyle content promises to realize them in actuality, by supplying the products and behaviours associated with aspirational lifestyles. Showing how the anticipation and fulfilment of narrative resolution that underpins Cinderella romance narratives might shape one imaginary reader’s experience of reading Woman’s Weekly, I argue that it is the romantic promise of social elevation that attracts readers to the magazine, and ensures their long-term loyalty. The extent to which the magazine can fulfil this promise for real is, however, questionable.

Цирковое искусство глазами отечественных печатных СМИ (Circus Art Through the Eyes of Domestic Print Media)

Russian abstract: XX век ознаменовался ростом количества печатных СМИ, появлением множества тематических журналов. Общество ощутило потребность в периодике как значимой силе общественной жизни. Угнетенное положение артистов цирка конца XIX – начала XX века привело к созданию профессионального союза, деятельность которого подкрепляется выпуском собственного журнала. Целью статьи стало исследование развития циркового искусства глазами отечественных СМИ, в частности тематических журналов. Проблема исследования заключается в том, какую информацию передают СМИ о цирковом искусстве, как происходит изменение социального статуса артистов цирк благодаря деятельности тематических журналов. В качестве метода исследования выбран контент анализ отечественных журналов и цирке 1914-1993 гг. В результате исследования выяснилось, что специализированные журналы имели разные цели в разные периоды. При царской России – это желание артистов единым фронтом защищать свои интересы, иметь возможность трудоустройства и социальной защиты. В период советской власти целью изданий становится популяризация циркового искусства, прославление достижений советского народа во всех сферах. Журналы публикуют статьи о жанрах циркового искусства, обзор программ. Со временем артист и его жизнь становятся темами выпусков. Цирк сам по себе является искусством, отражающим жизнь своего времени, события в стране. Артисты говорят со зрителем языком трюка, танца, пантомимой, пробуждая веру в силу человека, объединяя людей одной идеей. Меняются лидеры, меняются режимы, и искусство не может оставаться в стороне от этих изменений. Проведенное исследование будет интересно как историкам искусства, так и социологам. English abstract: The XX century was marked by an increase in the number of print media, the emergence of many thematic magazines. Society felt the need for periodicals as a significant force in public life. The oppressed position of circus artists of the late XIX - early XX centuries led to the creation of a trade union, the activity of which is supported by the release of its own magazine. The aim of the article was to study the development of circus art through the eyes of domestic media, in particular thematic magazines. The research problem is what kind of information the media transmit about circus art, how the social status of circus artists changes due to the activities of thematic magazines. The content analysis of domestic magazines and the circus of 1914-1993 was chosen as the research method. As a result of the study, it turned out that specialized journals had different goals in different periods. Under Tsarist Russia, this is the desire of artists to defend their interests with a united front, to be able to find employment and social protection. During the Soviet period, the goal of publications is to popularize circus art, to glorify the achievements of the Soviet people in all areas. Magazines publish articles on genres of circus art, a review of programs. Over time, the artist and his life become the themes of the releases. The circus itself is an art that reflects the life of its time, events in the country. Artists speak with the audience the language of trick, dance, pantomime, awakening faith in the power of a person, uniting people with one idea. Leaders change, regimes change, and art cannot remain aloof from these changes. The study will be interesting to both art historians and sociologists.

Women, Periodicals, and Print Culture in Britain, 1830s–1900s: The Victorian Period ed. by lexis Easley, Clare Gill, and Beth Rodgers

Reviewed by: Women, Periodicals, and Print Culture in Britain, 1830s–1900s: The Victorian Period ed. by lexis Easley, Clare Gill, and Beth Rodgers Marysa Demoor (bio) Alexis Easley, Clare Gill, and Beth Rodgers, eds., Women, Periodicals, and Print Culture in Britain, 1830s–1900s: The Victorian Period (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2019), pp. xii + 580, $230/£150 cloth. There is a sisterhood in Victorian periodicals studies, with admittedly the odd brother member, that every so often comes together to compare notes and share research results. This active network has produced a series of books collecting almost everything there is to know about women and periodicals, published by Edinburgh University Press under the careful supervision of Jackie Jones and structured along traditional time spans. There are some overlaps, such as the 1890s, a decade dealt with in The Victorian Period and The Modernist Period (edited by Faith Binckes and Carey Snyder, 2019), and the years immediately following the First World War, which are covered in both The Interwar Period (edited by Catherine Clay, Maria DiCenzo, Barbara Green, and Fiona Hackney, 2017) and The Modernist Period. But the series editor and the individual editors of these volumes do not aspire to exhaustiveness; rather their aim is to present an overview and expert approaches to certain aspects of the printed press, individuals in journalism, and periodicals published in a specific era. With an effort of this kind, one anticipates that the usual suspects will contribute and the usual subjects will be addressed, but there is more to [End Page 165] this volume than even a specialist reader in the field might expect: there is surprise, innovation, and more information than the expert reader may be familiar with. This volume consists of six parts, each one preceded by an introduction that explores the themes, dominant issues, and strengths of the chapters. The thirty-five chapters are evenly divided over the six parts, creating a hefty volume of 580 pages. There is no way a reviewer can pay sufficient attention to each of the chapters, so I have opted to present my impressions of a highly personal selection. The six parts of the book deal with aspects of Victorian women's involvement in periodicals, such as visual culture, authorship, readership, and more surprisingly, political debates. The first part, "(Re)Imaging Domestic Life," opens with a chapter by the mother of domestic magazine research, Margaret Beetham. Predictably, Beetham's aims are ambitious—she wants to give a "general historical sweep" of the Victorian domestic magazine—but at the same time she displays her typical modesty when warning against oversimplification and generalization (19). This chapter provides a thorough introduction to the genre and a sharp and insightful focus on some of the main players in its survey of domestic periodicals. The unique Isabella Beeton features as the star of domestic magazines in spite of her very untimely death. Beetham's A Magazine of Her Own? (1996) blazed a trail for the next generation of periodical studies scholars, and nearly every chapter in the volume pays homage to her work. The chapters that follow in the first section and the rest of the volume illustrate the huge leap scholars have made in recent research on women journalists. In the wake of Beetham's book, scholars are clearly unafraid to investigate subjects that previously were not deemed serious enough for publication in top scholarly journals because they were too closely associated with stereotypical women's interests, such as sewing, fashion, or domestic chores. Part one of this volume presents some of that research. Kathryn Ledbetter focuses on print media's depiction of the complex issue of servants and their relationship with the lady of the house. Marianne Van Remoortel presents a transnational take on domestic periodicals, centering on the very female interest in fashion to uncover connections between British and French women shoppers. Other contributions to this section of the volume deal with health, another feminine subject generally subsumed under the "caring" adjective; the construction of Irish women's identity in print media; and a chapter on Welsh women and their printed press. Curiously, no chapter is dedicated to Scottish women. The book could have ended there and achieved the...

Memorial: Emer. Prof. Alexander Linczényi, CSc. (1932-2019)

Prof. Linczényi is known as one of the pioneers of quality management in academia and among professionals in former Czechoslovakia. Moreover, he is also considered a father of quality in Slovakia. He held back then the function of Vice President of the European Organization for Quality for the East Block. He was a member of the Association of Scientific and Technical Societies and after the division of the Czech and Slovak Republics, he became actively involved in preparatory activities for the establishment of the Slovak Society for Quality. He worked for more than 40 years as the head of the Quality Management department at STU, based in Bratislava. Professor is an author and co-author of many scientific monographs and textbooks such as, e.g. Engineering Statistics, Quality Management, Distance Learning for Quality Managers, Quality Professional, textbook for Quality Management at Secondary Vocational Schools and many others. He published more than 400 articles in domestic and international magazines and participated at domestic and international conferences, symposia and congresses, e.g. in Australia, China, Israel, Greece, Bulgaria, Hungary, Estonia, Portugal, France, Poland, Czech Republic, Croatia, Montenegro, Germany, Netherlands, etc. Regularly, he also attended congresses organized by the European Organization for Quality. Prof. Linczényi is an author of the economic basis idea for quality management, and in his research, he created quality indicators and profitability indicators of quality. One of his contributions can be considered the definition of Creative Quality Management. For his scientific results, he was awarded the title of Scientist of the Year by the president of the Slovak Republic and similarly he was awarded by the Slovak president and Chairman of the Office for Standardization, Metrology and Testing for the lifelong contribution in the area of Quality Management. Slovak Society for Quality had awarded professor for his lifetime work in the area at the occasion of World Quality Day.

국내 라이선스 패션잡지 표지에 나타난 패션특성의 비교분석 : ELLE, VOGUE, W를 중심으로

국내 라이선스 패션잡지 표지에 나타난 패션특성의 비교분석 : ELLE, VOGUE, W를 중심으로

"Will You Give Me Your Opinion?": Mundane Beauty in the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, 1860–75

"Will You Give Me Your Opinion?":Mundane Beauty in the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, 1860–75 Jessica P. Clark (bio) In February 1868 the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine printed a letter enquiring about experiences with hair treatments. Correspondent C. M. R. requested advice from readers of the "Englishwoman's Conversazione" on a widely available commercial hair restorer. On news that Mrs. Allen's Dressing caused itchy red scalps in two acquaintances, "I bethought," she wrote, "of your invaluable Conversazione, which so often helps us out of difficulties"; she felt "most thankful if any of your subscribers who may have used this preparation will kindly inform me whether the result was similar in their case."1 C. M. R.'s letter set off a chain of responses over the coming months, including a warning from respondent Constance that Mrs. Allen's Dressing contained hazardous amounts of mercury. Constance's disclosure in turn prompted a defensive response from the distributor, who asserted the "natural" makeup of his company's product and impugned Constance's motives.2 Other responses followed both refuting and supporting Constance's charge, accompanied by correspondents' own tried-and-true personal recipes for hair restorers. Exchanges like that of C. M. R. and her contemporaries illuminate the role of the correspondence column as a textual community of participants, as defined by Margaret Beetham and Lynn Warren. The conversazione functioned as a textual forum where female interlocutors engaged in the production of personal and collective meanings. According to Beetham and Warren, columns could operate as relatively independent entities despite editorial attempts to manage their content, forging a sense of belonging to a discursive milieu populated by textual identities.3 As part of this exchange, participants in the "Englishwoman's Conversazione" periodically debated daily practices of bodily management despite popular opprobrium of female beautification through the mid-nineteenth century. Indeed, in addition [End Page 540] to questions about fashion and needlework, the column encouraged a widening circle of consumer knowledge encompassing a commercially conscious public sphere of citizens who debated the efficacy and, more importantly, the safety of widely available beauty products. Although C. M. R. reportedly discussed hair treatments with two friends, she relied on the larger community of the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine's correspondents to substantiate their negative claims. She placed her trust in a textual community of women facilitated by the popular press in an effort to buttress traditional forms of advice shared among female intimates. Her effort bore fruit; it elicited Constance's response that exposed the dangerous chemical makeup of the hair product, a factor unbeknownst to C. M. R.'s unfortunate acquaintances. C. M. R.'s letter, with its focus on health and beauty, appeared at a moment when the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine was embroiled in a contentious and highly documented debate over corset training, first ignited in March 1867. In that same year, another sensational correspondence emerged. This time the topic of corporal punishment eclipsed the tight-lacing debate in terms of length and public censure, adding further infamy to the conversazione.4 Historians of Victorian sexuality have fixed on these two correspondences as instances of what Mary Poovey terms "boundary work," a moment of ideological disjuncture that reveals conflicting expectations of female sexuality and desire.5 For some, like David Kunzle, the letters represent subcultural expressions of desire circulating in Victorian society. He argues that women adopted tight-lacing in its erotic context as a fetishized practice and not, as some earlier scholars attest, a symbol of subordination.6 For others, like Ros Ballaster, Margaret Beetham, Elizabeth Frazer, and Sandra Hebron, the correspondence about tight-lacing emerged in part because of editorial strategies that presented multiple, contradictory forms of femininity, situating female readers as domestic managers but also desirable women. Samuel Beeton, publisher of the Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, bolstered readers' sense of desirability through his masculine "semi-flirtatious tone" when replying to readers' queries on love and romance.7 More recently, Margaret Beetham and Sharon Marcus shifted the discussion to consider the whipping and corset debates as complex expressions of female hetero- and homoerotic desire made widely available to women readers.8 With its suggestive glimpses into gendered and sexual...

Влияние социально-экономических и политических факторов на развитие отечественных женских журналов в 1918 году

Влияние социально-экономических и политических факторов на развитие отечественных женских журналов в 1918 году

The efficacy of SLAP repair and biceps tendon tenotomy and fixation for type II SLAP lesions in shoulder arthroscopic: a Meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the effects of SLAP repair and biceps tendon tenotomy and fixation in treating type Ⅱ superior labrum from anterior to posterior in shoulder arthroscopy. Methods PubMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang database were searched electronically to screen randomized controlled trials and non randomized controlled trials that comparing two surgical methods for typeⅡ SLAP lesions. In addition, we also retrieved the domestic orthopedic magazine and searches references that we had included in the present study. According to the criterion, screening literatures, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software to evaluate UCLA scores, ASES scores, VAS scores and SST scores. Results A total of 7 articles were included in the present study, including 3 literatures in Chinese and 4 in English. There were 2 randomized controlled trials and 5 non randomized controlled trials. Two hundred and fifty-six patients were enrolled in the present study, including one hundred and twenty-five patients with SLAP repair and one hundred and thirty-one patients with biceps tendon tenotomy and fixation. Meta-analysis showed that there was significant difference in total score of UCLA [MD=2.55, 95%CI(0.57, 4.53), P=0.01] and shoulder function in the UCLA scoring system [MD=0.62, 95%CI(0.21, 1.02), P=0.003] compared with SLAP repair. There was no difference in the UCLA scoring system, including pain [MD=0.99, 95%CI(-0.15, 2.14), P=0.09], flexion [MD=0.16, 95%CI(0.01, 0.32), P=0.06], strength [MD=0.03, 95%CI(-0.15, 0.22), P=0.74], satisfaction [SMD=0.18, 95%CI(-0.57, 0.93), P=0.64] compared with SLAP repair. There was significant difference in ASES scores [MD= 6.32, 95%CI(2.55, 10.08), P=0.001] between two groups. There was no difference in VAS scores [MD=0.54, 95%CI (-0.64,1.72), P=0.37] and SST scores [MD=0.81, 95%CI(-0.23, 1.86), P=0.13] between two groups. Conclusion The UCLA scores, ASES scores and surgical results of biceps tendon tenotomy and fixation are superior to SLAP repair in treating type ⅡSLAP lesions. However, there is no significant advantage in pain, flexion, strength and satisfaction between the two groups. Key words: Glenoid cavity; Wounds and injuries; Arthroscopy; Meta-analysis

Cigarette Advertising Techniques that May Weaken People’s Risk Perceptions about Smoking: A Content Analysis of Cigarette Advertisements in Domestic Magazines, 1994-2014

Cigarette Advertising Techniques that May Weaken People’s Risk Perceptions about Smoking: A Content Analysis of Cigarette Advertisements in Domestic Magazines, 1994-2014

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial of TCM external treatment on patients with hyperplasia of mammary glands

Objective To explore the effect of TCM external treatment on the patients with hyperplasia of mammary glands by meta-analysis. Methods Literatures about TCM external treatment on the patients with hyperplasia of mammary glands that were published on domestic or international magazines were extensively solicited and assessed with uniform effect criteria. The total number and valid number of patients in these literatures were counted, and the literatures were also assessed and chosen by meta-analysis with Review Manager 5.3. OR values and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and consolidated. Results Finally, totally 11 literatures and 945 patients were included in our study, of which 464 received TCM external treatment, an effective rate of 89.22%, while the control group included a total of 481 patients, an effective rate of 82.33%. TCM external treatment showed the same effect on hyperplasia of mammary glands as the oral liquid of Chinese medicines, massage and acupuncture did [OR=1.91, 95%CI (0.74-4.97) ]. When comparing the effect of TCM external treatment and Rupixiao oral liquid on hyperplasia of mammary glands, totally 6 literatures and 509 patients were included in the study, of which 258 received TCM external treatment, an effective rate of 97.29%, while 251 patients took Rupixiao oral liquid, an effective rate of 88.45%. TCM external treatment had a significantly better effect than Rupixiao oral liquid [OR=4.52, 95%CI (1.98-10.33) ]. Conclusions TCM external treatment has the same effect with oral liquid of Chinese medicines, massage and acupuncture, while TCM external treatment on hyperplasia of mammary glands which promotes the circulation of qi and blood and eliminates phlegm and frees channels has a significantly better effect than Rupixiao oral liquid. It suggests that in our clinical work we should treat patients based on whatever methods they can withstand so as to improve their satisfaction. Key words: Randomized controlled trial; Hyperplasia of mammary glands; TCM external treatment; Meta-analysis

An Interview with Andrea Broomfield, the First Recipient of the VanArsdel Prize

An Interview with Andrea Broomfield, the First Recipient of the VanArsdel Prize Jordan Osterman (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution Photo credit: Bret Gustafson, 2015 [End Page 425] Andrea Broomfield, PhD, is a professor of English at Johnson County Community College in Overland Park, Kansas, and has been a longtime member of the Research Society for Victorian Periodicals. In 1990, she was the recipient of the first VanArsdel Essay Prize. A mentee of the late Sally Mitchell, Broomfield transitioned into her current focus on food writing and historicism more than fifteen years ago. Throughout that time, she has done extensive research and writing, especially on Victorian food and dining. She was the co-editor with Sally Mitchell of Prose by Victorian Women: An Anthology. She is also the author of Food and Cooking in Victorian England: A History and Kansas City: A Food Biography. Her publications in Victorian Periodicals Review have included "Interdisciplinary Work and Periodicals Connections: An Issue in Honor of Sally H. Mitchell" and "Rushing Dinner to the Table: The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine and Industrialization's Effect on Middle-Class Food and Cooking, 1852–1860." Jordan Osterman: What has it been like for you to be involved with RSVP over the years? Andrea Broomfield: If it wasn't for Sally Mitchell, my route as a food historian would have taken a very different path, maybe not a path at all. I was brought up in RSVP; it made me who I am. I didn't have to go through the anxiety and fear that a lot of young grad students have about scholarship because I was so welcomed into this group. There's no way I would have been able to build my network and confidence, to understand the ropes of academe, if not for RSVP. [End Page 426] After first being introduced to the society, my network continued to grow. When I won the VanArsdel Prize in 1990, I did not merely fly down to Waco, Texas, where the RSVP Conference was held that year, to pick up a plaque. Instead, I was invited by many scholars in the organization to play an active part in the conference. Sally was instrumental in introducing me around, but I was tremendously grateful that I could meet people on my own and begin to develop professional relationships. George Worth, Maria Frawley, Barbara Quinn Schmidt, Dick Fulton, and Louis James were just some of the RSVP members I met in Waco and began to develop important connections with. While I was never able to meet Rosemary VanArsdel in person, she and I began a letter exchange and occasionally talked on the phone. She wrote reference letters for me and opened doors. This type of generosity and collegiality was overwhelming to someone who had always assumed that academe was a cutthroat business where you had to watch out for potential sabotage. Maybe I had read too many David Lodge novels! The next thing I knew, I was graduating and starting my first job. Once I became a professor, RSVP members still nurtured me, giving me leads and helping me. I feel like I didn't contribute very much to RSVP, but its members contributed a lot to me. I owe them a very big debt of gratitude. What makes this society so special is that it started as a group of people with a desperate need for information about periodicals, but much of that information didn't exist. A group of people had to come together with a mission of trying to attribute hundreds of anonymous articles to authors and create a theory for how to read and understand this journalistic material, whether the author was known or was stubbornly anonymous. The mission these founders had was straightforward but pretty profound. The society still retains so many vestiges of that mission: why periodicals matter and how they should and shouldn't be used. The organization has grown, but it still has an intimacy. RSVP has a unique story about how and why it started, and it welcomes members and embraces newcomers. It doesn't make people feel excluded. Jordan Osterman: You wrote in your tribute to Sally Mitchell (in...

Natational dress: functionality, fashion and the fracturing of separate spheres in Victorian Britain

ABSTRACTIn 1873, The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine extolled the values of swimming for women and gave advice on the best form of bathing dress, one which preserved modesty and met the demands of contemporary fashion. This essentially impractical type of bathing outfit has been the subject of much of the historiography surrounding female swimming costumes but it was not the only swimming dress on show during the “long” Victorian period. The women of all classes who participated in more serious swimming required something functional rather than fashionable while working-class professional natationists, who appeared regularly in water shows throughout the country, wore attire that combined functionality, tight to the body while allowing freedom of movement, with public appeal, a critical consideration for female exhibitors. Their activities and costumes challenged prevailing notions of “separate spheres” and this paper explores Victorian aquatic dress in the context of class, gender and social space.

The Brontës, the Corset and the Condition of England

During the late 1860s a debate raged in the pages of The Englishwoman’s Domestic Magazine which generated hundreds of letters from readers, male as well as female. The debate concerned the use of corsets in general and tight-lacing in particular. It was part of a larger discussion about women’s dress, a discussion which was to culminate in the reform dress movement, which was, in its turn, part of the greater ‘Woman Question’. In their lives and in their novels Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë engaged to different extents in the question of women’s dress.