Domestic Defense Industry Research Articles

한국의 방위산업 발전을 위한 부품국산화 필요에 관한 연구

In 2020, Korea's defense budget exceeded 50 trillion won. The cost of improving defense capability in 2020 also exceeded 16 trillion won. The proportion of defense capability improvement expenses in 2020 was 33.3%, the highest after 25.8% when the Defense Acquisition Program Administration opened in 2006. Outwardly, the defense industry in Korea is growing significantly but it is in a situation that it has not been able to escape from importing parts from abroad, and its internal quality is weak. Currently domestically produced chemicals, guided weapons, and communication electronic equipment have a relatively good domestic technology base. However, in the fields of ships, aviation, and optics which require advanced military technology most of the core parts rely on foreign imports. In the case of weapons that are assembled and manufactured by purchasing parts overseas problems arise when the price of parts increases or is discontinued while operating the weapon system. In addition a total of 13 projects including 425 projects were unable to introduce overseas parts and their promotion was suspended or delayed. In the case of the K55A1 Self-Propelled Artillery, the delivery of parts became difficult and the situation was forced to be delayed. How much is the domestic defense industry's dependence on overseas parts? What needs to be improved in order for the Korean defense industry to change substantially? This study was started to answer this question.

미국의 로비스트법 분석에 따른 국내 방위산업 시사점과 함의

The Federal Law on the Regulation of Robotics(FRLA) aims to transparently build registration and disclosure of lobbying activities and was reduced by the United States Supreme Court's 347 U.S. 612 ruling in 1954 that “applies only to ‘Lobbyists’ seeking to influence passage and rejection of certain bills.” The beginning of the formal legislation and institutionalization of lobbying activities around the world can be traced back to the enactment of the Federal Regulations of Lobbing Act in 1946. In the U.S., the Federal Law on the Regulation of Non-Robility(FRLA) defines “Lobby” as meaning “any individual or organization’s contact with lawmakers for the main purpose, from influencing the passage or rejection of a bill by the Congress,” and adopted the concept of lobbying for consultation. In this study, we will look at the main contents of the bill on lobbying, lobbyists and lobbying activities, focusing on the U.S . Federal Open A ct(LDA), and analyze the i nstitutional s ignificance, characteristics and implications of the domestic defense industry by looking at the full text of the Federal Open Act(LDA).

A Study on the Development of Defense Industry in the Republic of Korea Based on Main Foreign Countries

본 논문에서는 현재의 국내 방위산업 실태와 미비점을 진단하고, 방위산업에 대한 주요국의 정책과 환경변화 분석을 통해 방위산업이 가지는 대내·외적 위협요소를 줄이면서 지속적인 경쟁력 향상을 위한 정책적 발전방안을 모색하였다. 본 연구의 범위는 미국, 영국, 프랑스, 이스라엘, 일본 등 세계 주요 선진국들을 대상으로 하였으며, 세계 방위산업의 패러다임 변화 및 대상국들의 방위산업정책 추진현황을 살펴봄으로써, 우리나라에 적용가능한 제도적, 정책적 발전방안을 도출하였다. 그 결과 본 논문에서는, 방위산업정책 수립 시 관련 산업과 연계한 정책입안 방안, 방산수출 관련 협조체계 구축방안, 미래 방위산업 핵심 분야 선정 및 집중 육성 방안, 방산업체 간 기술개발 및 공동 협력방안 등을 제안하였다.In this paper, we present the development of defense industry based on policy development of major foreign countries. We analyze domestic defense industry in terms of challenges, and present defense policy development of foreign countries including USA, UK, France, Israel, and Japan. In particular we study the paradigm of world defense policy and how they try to get their weapon systems. As a result, we propose the development of defense industry in terms of policy related to industry area, cooperation for world trades, defense core technology of future defense industry, and R&D of weapon systems between defense companies including cooperation each other.

Pengendalian Dokumen Impor : Sebuah Upaya Mencegah Keterlambatan Penyelesaian Proyek kapal di PT PAL Indonesia (Persero) Surabaya

National defense specifically for the marine dimension has the task of upholding sovereignty and maintaining the territorial integrity of the Republic of Indonesia. So that it takes a large number of warships of the Republic of Indonesia. Which are procured through domestic and foreign projects. Specifically for foreign ship procurement projects, the government through Law Number 16 of 2012 concerning the Defense Industry seeks to maximize the use of domestic production to empower the domestic defense industry and improve the welfare of the national economy. This research seeks to examine the process of handling Import documents in PT PAL Surabaya so that the completion of the project at PT PAL Surabaya is not hampered. Descriptive qualitative methods and samples were taken at PT PAL Surabaya. From the research results, it can be concluded: PT PAL Indonesia to complete its customs clearance in the customs area is not optimal. There needs to be supervision so that it can run as planned. The SP-1 issued by the Ministry of Health has been issued for a long time. So that it raises the burden of high storage and demurrage costs, to avoid it PT PAL submits Eigen-losing approval to KPPBC according to the Eigen-losing procedure, including the timeframe for hoarding, and responsibility for import duties as well as demurrage and storage costs. hampered shipbuilding production is not according to the planned target.

The aspects of the innovation of the military-industrial complex and its significance for the national security of Russia

The main objective of the article is to substantiate a systematic approach to the introduction of all types of innovations in the development of the military-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the modern world it is especially important to ensure the national security of the country and the defense industry plays a crucial role in this. At the same time, one cannot but note the importance of the defense industry in the production of high-tech civilian products and dual-use products, which enhances the country's competitiveness in the world market. In addition, the relevance of the topic is due to the presence of rather serious problems in the Russian defense industry, which require immediate resolution. The article uses the methodology of structurally functional analysis, the institutional approach and the method of comparative assessments. The authors conclude that technological innovation alone will not be able to achieve strategic results for ensuring national security, only in conjunction with organizational, product, social and marketing innovations, the domestic defense industry is able to solve its tasks.

DETERMINING THE FIRST PRIORITY OF THE FIRST ARSENAL LOCATION TO SUPPORT THE OPERATION OF THE INDONESIAN WAR SHIP IN SECURITY OF THE EASTERN INDONESIAN SEA REGION WITH AHP METHODS

Faced with conditions of life of the nation that continues to evolve into a multidimensional cover all areas of lifeof the nation, then certainly required the development and deployment of the total potential and power of thenation effectively. Therefore it is the power that was developed to deal with these threats must also have theability to multi-dimensional as well. Reality is always pushing to restructure the military concept of defense tobecome responsive and adaptable and tailored to the substance of the reforms in the defense. The mainproblem faced by Indonesia to develop a domestic defense industry is the inability of industry and educationsectors to absorb the fundamental aspects of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). This inability does notallow Indonesia to experience significant breakthroughs in the application of RMA. So with reference to thecondition necessary to anticipate concrete steps in developing a systematic plan to build the defense industriesare able to anticipate the revolution in military affairs. Among priorities at once by selecting the appropriatestages of the development plan which includes the development of Main Equipment Weapon System, SpatialPlanning Area Defense, Civil Defense Development, and Spatial Structure of the Organization. And one of itsefforts is the creation of the ability of military logistics support system effective and efficient and responsive,which in this case is the development of Arsenal's arsenal of weapons and ammunition in terms of both qualityand quantity so that is always ready to face any condition of any contingency that would happen. Determiningpolicy location Arsenal first location contains more choices in environmental issues multiobjectiv andmulticriteria decision, then the model is proposed to be the appropriate methodology to accommodate thequalitative preference and priority-setting objectives / criteria for future development is to approach theAnalytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Principle of the AHP method is to break breaking a complex situation andunstructured, into its component parts, arranging these variables in a section or an order of hierarchy, givingnumerical values to subjective considerations about the relative importance of each variable and analysisvarious considerations is to determine which variables have highest priority and act to influence the outcome ofthe situation. From the results of the solution by using AHP method showed that the first priority locationdetermination Arsenal 1 in the eastern region is a factor analysis of logistics operations to support operationscapabilities in integrated logistics support system that effectively and efficiently. And the locations selected forArsenal's first priority location is in the eastern region Lantamal Ambon.
 Keyword: Determining location - Approach of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Countertrade Mechanism of Global Arms Trade: Case Study of Indonesia

A strong national defense system serve to maintain the nation's honor such as creating peace, security, and sovereignty and becomes an effective instrument for bargaining position in relations between nations so that it has broad impacts, including impacts on economic aspects. The research approach used is a qualitative approach. This type of research is a systematic review research. Likewise, the defense industry of a country reflects the economic strength of its country, because in carrying out the defense function, the defense industry has a very important role, including in holding the national Main Tool of the Armament System. However, now not all defense equipment can be produced by the domestic defense industry, so some defense equipment must still be held in cooperation with foreign countries. Law No. 16 of 2012 concerning the Defense Industry mandates that procurement of defense equipment from abroad be permitted if it fulfills several requirements, including trade returns, local content, and offset. Counter trade is one of the mechanisms of cooperation that has been carried out by Indonesia. This mechanism allows reciprocal trade between two countries by buying goods from abroad with payment in the form of goods worth the goods imported. So it is important to analyze the potential for economic improvement for Indonesia that is generated by the mechanism of trade defense equipment from abroad, so that in conducting cooperation, Indonesia can benefit both in the short and long term.

DETERMINING THE FIRST PRIORITY OF THE FIRST ARSENAL LOCATION TO SUPPORT THE OPERATION OF THE INDONESIAN WARSHIP IN SAFETY OF THE EAST INDONESIAN SEA REGION WITH AHP METHODS

Faced with conditions of life of the nation that continues to evolve into a multidimensional cover all areas of the life of the nation, then certainly required the development and deployment of the total potential and power of the nation effectively. Therefore it is the power that was developed to deal with these threats must also have the ability to multi-dimensional as well. Reality is always pushing to restructure the military concept of defense to become responsive and adaptable and tailored to the substance of the reforms in the defense. The main problem faced by Indonesia to develop a domestic defense industry is the inability of industry and education sectors to absorb the fundamental aspects of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). This inability does not allow Indonesia to experience significant breakthroughs in the application of RMA. So with reference to the condition necessary to anticipate concrete steps in developing a systematic plan to build the defense industries are able to anticipate the revolution in military affairs. Among priorities at once by selecting the appropriate stages of the development plan which includes the development of Main Equipment Weapon System, Spatial Planning Area Defense, Civil Defense Development, and Spatial Structure of the Organization. And one of its efforts is the creation of the ability of military logistics support system effective and efficient and responsive, which in this case is the development of Arsenal's arsenal of weapons and ammunition in terms of both quality and quantity so that is always ready to face any condition of any contingency that would happen. Determining policy location Arsenal first location contains more choices in environmental issues multi-objective and multicriteria decision, then the model is proposed to be the appropriate methodology to accommodate the qualitative preference and priority-setting objectives/criteria for future development is to approach the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Principle of the AHP method is to break breaking a complex situation and unstructured, into its component parts, arranging these variables in a section or an order of hierarchy, giving numerical values to subjective considerations about the relative importance of each variable and analysis various considerations is to determine which variables have the highest priority and act to influence the outcome of the situation. From the results of the solution by using the AHP method showed that the first priority location determination Arsenal 1 in the eastern region is a factor analysis of logistics operations to support operations capabilities in the integrated logistics support system that effectively and efficiently. And the locations selected for Arsenal's first priority location is in the eastern region Lantamal Ambon.

An Efficiency Analysis of Supply Chain Quality Management Using the Multi-stage DEA Model: Focused on the Domestic Defense Industry Companies

An Efficiency Analysis of Supply Chain Quality Management Using the Multi-stage DEA Model: Focused on the Domestic Defense Industry Companies

Public and Private Partnership and Business Actors in Political Processes Concerning Military Issues

Purpose: The article researches the actual issues of developing partnership and cooperation between the state and private business in matters of production and modernization the military-industrial complex of Russia. The main object of the research is the Russian NAVY. The subject of the research is the comparison of the Russian and US NAVY modernization in the context of public and private partnership. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors used a wide range of methodological tools in the course of the study. The method of economic analysis, the method of structural analysis, the statistical method and the method of mathematical comparison were used. Findings. Studying the role of business actors in the national rearmament programmes in Russia the authors revealed such key indicators as economic viability and financial efficiency of programme implementation. A comparative analysis of budget and private funding of the similar US programme was conducted and statistical data supporting the main findings of the study were introduced. Practical Implications: The development of cooperation between business and the MIC at the state level should go along the path of creating conditions for public-private partnerships (PPPs) - a set of organizational, legal, financial and economic relations and joint actions of the state and private business aimed at achieving the goals of the state economic policy in order to address socially significant tasks on mutually beneficial conditions. Originality/Value: The authors’ conclusion that state’s financial and economic policy in the field of defense and modernization of the domestic defense industry has all chances to become the locomotive of the country’s industrial, scientific and technological development gives new horizons for discussing the most appropriate rearmament strategy.

Japan Military Export Ban Lift in 2014 Under Shinzo Abe Administration

This article analyzes Japan’s interest in revoking its self-imposed military export ban in 2014 despite of its decades-long lucrative pacifism. The pacifism implementations includes partial and total military export ban, consecutively in 1967 and 1976. To puzzle out the question, this journal article utilized “Balance of Power” Concept by Morgenthau. This article found out that Shinzo Abe grand vision to transfer and export weaponries is balancing People’s Republic of China assertiveness in East China Sea by (1) reinforcing military alliances and (2) enhancing internal armaments. The alliances were strengthened by distributing weaponries to states in tension with People’s Republic of China and fortifying military industry cooperation with United States. The domestic military buildup was expected to escalate as arm export stimulated their domestic defense industry development. That includes the economic growth stimulus under Abenomics, in which also aimed to increase the military budget that leads to more robust defense.

SOME TRENDS OF THE WORLD REE MARKET AND PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIA

The paper presents a review of some trends observed on the world market of rare-earth elements (REE). This review takes into account actual changes in the commercial and industrial policy of China and the current trends of REE consumption. Main characteristics of the modern REE markets are considered. The paper provides an assessment of world production volumes, world trade and prices. The article describes the REE market behavior in 2000–2020 and provides a forecast of main indicators and prices up to 2020. It contains a description of current world REE resources, production and trade over the main countries. In addition, the prices and the main buyers of REE are specified indicating the forecast of consumption. The prospects of the Russian REE market are estimated taking into account the «Development of the Rare and Rare-Earth Elements Industry» subprogram implemented as part of the State Program of the Russian Federation «Industry Development and Competitiveness Improvement». The purpose of the subprogram is to create a competitive rare-earth industry of an integrated production cycle in the Russian Federation in order to satisfy the needs of the domestic defense industry complex, civil industries and enter the foreign markets. It is noted that this subprogram should be upgraded with regard to changes in the market conditions and development of rare-earth elements production in the Russian Federation including by means of statutory, non-tariff and technical regulation. Loparite and apatite will remain the main sources of rare-earth elements as raw materials for industrial processing in Russia in the near future, while REE production from apatite will increase. It is emphasized that the prospects of REE development in Russia consist not so much in increasing the primary production as in establishing new plants consuming rare-earth products.

Brazil’s defense industry: Challenges and opportunities

Brazil is reformatting its domestic defense industry. In the last three decades, Brazil has seen its defense industry go through a number of different phases: from being vibrant and export oriented in the 1980s, to a stagnant industry in the 1990s, with a resurgence in the 2000s. In the past three decades, Brazil built a dynamic and diversified defense industry. Successions of domestic political and economic policies, and international trends, have relegated Brazil’s once-emerging defense industry to a marginal position in the global defense industry. This article analyzes future prospects, challenges, and growth strategies for Brazil’s defense industry.

Preferential treatment from the defense industry for the military

PurposeThe military of today depends on the availability and readiness of high-technology weapon systems. As the military often has to focus on core tasks (the usage of systems), logistics and support tasks are outsourced to industry, which means that industrial suppliers gain importance for making weapon systems available and mission ready. However, companies are profit-maximizing and invest their best resources in the most promising business areas, which might be clients other than the (domestic) military customer. This raises the question of how the military can ensure that the defense industry provides the best performance: preferential treatment for the military. The purpose of this study is to investigate preferential treatment in the specific context of defense.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports on the examination of factors influencing preferential treatment for the military. The analysis uses structural equation modeling and data from a sample of German defense suppliers.FindingsThe results show that the perceived customer attractiveness has a strong effect on preferential customer treatment. Attractiveness is influenced by trust, commitment and a comparison with other customers.Research limitations/implicationsThere are several implications for defense theory and practice, including the need for further consideration of relational in contrast to transactional practices in military–industrial supply collaboration, as these seem highly relevant for getting the best resources for producing and maintaining weapon systems. In addition, increasing customer attractiveness, in particular if the military lacks a domestic defense industry base, is proposed.Originality/valueThe findings are based on a focus sample of only defense suppliers. This paper transfers the industrial discussion about the buyer–supplier relationships and preferential customer treatment to the defense logistics research context.

A Case Study of Application of Technology Valuation Model for Domestic Defense Industry

A Case Study of Application of Technology Valuation Model for Domestic Defense Industry

국내 방위산업체 진단 프레임워크 개발

국내 방위산업체 진단 프레임워크 개발

DIRECTIONS OF THE TRANSITION OF THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX AND THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE TO THE "GREEN" MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT

The place of Ukraine's territory and its military-economic potential in the accumulation in the European region of a large number of troops, naval forces, military equipment and armaments, powerful enterprises, institutions and organizations of defense purposes, which have a negative impact on the environment are determined; �ontaminated and continues to be contaminated the main components of the environment: soil, surface and groundwater, atmosphere air. The basic principles of internal policy in the field of national security and defense are indicated. The transition of the military-industrial complex and the Armed Forces of Ukraine to the "green" model of development is substantiated. The role of the military-industrial complex in the environmental pollution is proved. It is shown that the domestic defense industry has some scientific, technical and production capabilities to create competitive armament and military equipment, but significantly behind in the implementation of environmental standards and ecology-oriented technology and is not a leader in the new global transition to the "green" economy and the "green" growth. It is proved that in the course of reforming the military-industrial complex, its reconversion, the destruction of outdated ammunition, wastes of military production and military products, and in the event of non-compliance with environmental requirements, should expect the deterioration of the ecological state of the territory. Considered the main innovational directions, which provide an increase of the degree of ecologization of the military economy and form a technological "green" jump in the specified sphere of activity: introduction of alternative types of energy into the activities of defense enterprises and army units; creation of weapons based on "green" technologies, using of "smart" clothing. Substantiated the prospects of further researches, which consists in defining the goals, objectives, principles, directions and approaches of ecologization of the military-industrial complex and the Armed Forces of Ukraine, assessment and classification of eco-friendly technologies, development of high-tech competitive industries, rational re-engineering of the military-industrial complex, development of mechanisms and tools for the ecologically oriented development and transition to the "green" technological model.

Potential Impact of Fulfilment of Minimum Essential Force (MEF) to The Regional Welfare

As with other aspects, the element of meeting the needs of national defence and security becomes very crucial aspect. These elements are not only coming from the domestic, but also related to the system of inter-state relations. To ensure the creation of the defence system and optimal security, policy will require minimum essential forces (MEF), which will outline the major components of the minimum requirements of national defence should be prepared to face any threats. The fulfilment of MEF must also provide welfare impacts for the region. For this reason this study was conducted with the purpose of calculating the impact of compliance with the MEF on the welfare of the region, especially in West Java province. IRIO using spatial approach, it can be concluded that the domestic defence industry is projected to have a role that is quite high, especially for the regional economy. To the West Java region, industrial goods of metal, in which there is the defence industry, encourage the creation of outputs and increase the income of workers. Although most of the economy and its impact enjoyed by workers in the territory, region or other provinces also continue to enjoy the effects of the increase in output and labour income.

Functioning and development of defence industrial complex in the conditions of modern challenges

We give a brief analysis of the results of the development of the domestic defense industry in recent years in its relation to communities of issues and problems of development of Russian industry in general and mechanical engineering segment in particular. The necessity of the transition from the maintenance of the reduced level of industrial and technological base to implement the model of modernization of high-tech sectors of the engineering sphere, built on the targets and the development of mutual guarantee system for each participant.

Brazil's new defense paradigm

In 2015, Brazil has taken steps toward re-consolidating its domestic defense industry. In the 1980s, Brazil built a dynamic and diversified defense industry. The state-driven effort resulted in a tripod strategy, where the state, state-run companies, and their private sector became the pillars of Brazil's defense industry. Brazil developed an export-driven defense industry; where close to 80–90% of its output was exported to Latin American, African, Arab, and Asian nations. In the 1980s, Brazil became the world's fifth largest exporter of defense products and services, exporting to over 40 countries. In the 1990s and 2000s, Brazil's defense industry suffered a dramatic reduction in size, diversification, and momentum. Successions of domestic political and economic policies have relegated Brazil's once emerging defense industry to a marginal position in the global defense industry. This article analyzes future prospects, challenges, and growth strategies for Brazil's defense industry.