Domestic Areas Research Articles

Stable isotope and elemental profiles determine geographical origin of saffron from China and Iran

Origin verification of high-value saffron is essential for fair trade and to protect consumers' interests and rights. A traceability method using elemental content (% C and % N) and stable isotopes (δ13C, δ2H, δ18O, and δ15N) combined with chemometrics was developed to discriminate saffron from Iran and China and classify major domestic production areas in China. Results showed that Iranian samples had lower % C and % N contents but higher δ13C values than Chinese origin saffron, with δ13C acting as an important variable for origin discrimination. Moreover, δ2H and δ13C isotopes were found to be important variables to classify Chinese regional saffron origin. Two supervised pattern recognition models (PLS-DA) developed to classify Iranian and Chinese saffron, and regional Chinese saffron had a discrimination accuracy of 85.0 % and 80.2 %, respectively. These models provide the basis for a new regulatory inspection procedure to verify saffron origin and label claims, minimizing fraudulent mislabeling and adding value to saffron from specific regions.

A Bibliometric Study of Digital Government in Domestic and Foreign Area

The digital government is supported by emerging information technology, with an integrated online government service platform as the carrier, through the all-round and systematic reform of the government, to achieve a new government operation model of precise governance and efficient service, which is one of the main contents of the construction of digital China. This paper adopts bibliometric method and comparative analysis method to analyze the theoretical connotation and construction practice of digital government at home and abroad, in order to provide reference for the related construction.

An Investigation into the Linguistic Landscape of tourist area in China: A case study of Fulai Mountain tourist area in Shandong Province

Given the current situation that the research on the linguistic landscape in the tourism field is relatively insufficient, we try to carry out an investigation on the construction of linguistic landscape in the Fulai Mountain tourist area of Shandong Province, China, from the perspective of the tourism language landscape in domestic tourist areas. This study found that the language signs in the tourist area are mainly monolingual, supplemented by bilingual and trilingual signs. There are three languages in the Fulai Mountain tourist area: Chinese, English and Korean, among which Chinese is the preferred code, while English and Korean are marginalized in the linguistic landscape. The administrative department of the Fulai Mountain tourist area plays a decisive role in the construction of the linguistic landscape. We also find some problems with the linguistic landscape in the Fulai Mountain tourist area, such as insufficient construction of a diversified linguistic landscape, non-standard translation of language, and lack of design ideas and regional characteristics of the language signs. In the future, tourist area management departments should attach importance to the value of linguistic landscape construction, fully consider tourists' multi-language needs, improve linguistic landscape design, and regularly carry out linguistic landscape surveys.

Brucellatransmission from domestic and wild animals to dromedary camel: Diagnostic methods and zoonotic threats – A review

AbstractThe present review discusses the transmission risk factors of camel (Camelus dromedarius) brucellosis in the limits of domestic and wild interfaces and zoonotic threats. The median position of the dromedary’s life between wild and the domestic areas seems to increase the risks of brucellosis transmission, compared to other receptive domestic ruminants. In arid environments, canids, lagomorphs, rodents, and wild boars are potential reservoirs ofBrucellaspp. Dromedary camels raised according to a periurban breeding system are often in direct or indirect contact with wild animals, domestic animals, and humans. Constraints of brucellosis detection and control in wild animals, especially in developing countries, hamper preventing disease in camelids and related occupational categories. A total eradication of animal and human brucellosis, in developing countries, is faced by the difficulty of applying quarantine periods for suspected animals, the lack of reliable diagnostic tools, and the impossibility of controlling animals at the common grazing lands, livestock markets, and transboundary areas. In developing countries, the informal she-camel milk collection, the periurban camel breeding, and the shortage in the technological processing and the pasteurization of she-camel milk play a key role in brucellosis zoonotic transmission.Veterinarians should have more initiative in brucellosis control in both domestic and wildlife animals.

Evaluation of changes in the faecal resistome associated with children's exposure to domestic animals and food animal production

The paediatric gut microbiota is a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes. Environmental factors such as a child's exposure to faecal contamination and antimicrobial resistance genes of animal origin likely shape the resistome of infants and children. This study measured how different levels of exposure to domestic or food animals affect the structure of the intestinal resistome in children between 1 and 7 years of age. One hundred nineteen faecal samples from 39 children were analysed according to the level of exposure to domestic or food animals and categorized into three risk groups. Using high-throughput sequencing with an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 SP platform, we performed faecal resistome analyses using the ResFinder database. Additionally, ResistoXplorer was used to characterize the resistomes of children differentially exposed to domestic animals. Our data indicated that specific antimicrobial resistance genes such as those that confer resistance to MATFPR (macrolide, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, fluoroquinolone, phenicol, and rifamycin) and tetracyclines were statistically less abundant in the group of children without exposure to animals (group 2), compared with the groups exposed to domestic and food animals (groups 1 and 3). However, the overall resistome structure among the children was not affected by the different levels of exposure to animals. This study suggests that animal exposure is a risk factor for young children acquiring specific antimicrobial resistance genes from domestic animals or animal production areas. However, the overall resistome structure was not affected.

Rising agricultural water scarcity in China is driven by expansion of irrigated cropland in water scarce regions

Rising agricultural water scarcity in China is driven by expansion of irrigated cropland in water scarce regions

Legal Education on The Prevention of Criminal Violence In Household During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: Violence against wives that occurs in the household is not only experienced and found in the public area, but is also very popular in the domestic area which is categorized as a form of violence contained in the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence (UU PKDRT).Purposes of Devotion: Providing understanding to the communityin Kawatu Hamlet, West Seram District (SBB), regarding domestic violence and the efforts made to prevent domestic violence. Method of Devotion: The method used is legal counseling to the community about efforts to prevent domestic violence in Kawatu Hamlet, West Seram District (SBB).Results of the Devotion: Implementation of PKM activities in Kawatu Hamlet, West Seram District (SBB) it can be found and it is known that prevention efforts against criminal acts of domestic violence include preventive efforts. This effort is made to build public awareness of domestic violence.

Analysis of gender roles in agro-industrial workers' families

This study aimed to analyze the role division of husband and wife in dual earner families based on gender. Basically, gender roles can be defined as the social relationship between husband and wife and the social construction resulted from that relationship. The consequence is the roles division based on gender may vary between communities, but it can be analyzed by its types (patrilineal, matrilineal, and egalitarian). This research was conducted purposively in Seputih Mataram Sub-district of Central Lampung Regency of Lampung Province by survey method. The research samples were 85 dual earner families, in which husband and wife of the family work as laborers in agricultural or agro-industry companies. The results of this research indicated that the family of agro-industry workers belonged to the patrilineal type family. Patrilineality in the family could be based on the division of family gender roles. Gender roles in the domestic sphere was charged to wives and in the social sphere was charged to husbands. This happens because of the social construction process that has been going on from one generation to another. It could be proven, for example, by meeting invitations on social activities from the village office are often addressed to husbands. In the domestic area, the division of gender roles is based on the division of tasks based on gender appropriateness, for example the task of cooking is charged to the wife and the task of repairing the house is charged to the husband.

CHEF MINORITAS DI TEMPAT KERJA: PEREMPUAN DI DAPUR PROFESIONAL

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><br />Cooking activities in the traditional kitchen or in the domestic area—which are supposed to be the domain of women—are interpreted as an obligation as well as a form of a woman’s service to her family, spouse, children, and even other people who are close to her life. In other words, cooking in the domestic area is an undefined job. Regardless of the fact, when cooking shifted to the public space, it turned into a professional job , a work area which was later known as the professional kitchen. People who work in a professional kitchen are given the title professional chef. Ironically, such a professional kitchen, often thought to be easily controlled by women—who for centuries have always been related to cooking activities—is actually controlled and dominated by men, starting from culinary studies (tata boga) to the industry. As a skill, cooking is actually an activity that can be performed by anyone, regardless of gender. In reality, cooking activities, in both traditional and professional kitchens, place women in a marginal and subordinate position. To learn why women, who are often considered as “the queen of the traditional kitchen”, find it difficult to control and dominate professional kitchens, we examine a number of studies that have analyzed the professional life of female chefs as well as various forms of gender inequality in the chefs’ workplace or the professional kitchen.</p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p>

GENDER DISCRIMINATION PORTRAYED IN CAROL LYNCH WILLIAMS’ THE CHOSEN ONE

Gender discrimination occurs because of the domination of beliefs and justifications instilled throughout human civilization in various forms experienced by women. This article aims to explain the kinds of gender discrimination experienced by Kyra and its impacts on her in Carol Lynch Williams’ The Chosen One (2009). This study is categorized into literary criticism and applies the theory of gender discrimination proposed by Wolf (1993) & (2002). This study found four kinds of gender discrimination: gender discrimination in marriage, gender discrimination in education, gender discrimination in religion, and gender discrimination in the domestic area. First, the impact of gender discrimination in marriage is pregnancy disorders that cause death and mental disorders, psychological disorders, and negative assumption. Second, the impact of gender discrimination in education is the loss of the right to get a position in government. Third, the impact of gender discrimination in religion is excessive fanaticism. Finally, the impact of gender discrimination in the domestic area is death.

Mogan Gölü’nde (Türkiye) sediment tarama ertesi ağır metallerde ekolojik risk değerlendirmesi

The lake management strategy of sediment dredging (removal) is periodically undertaken in shallow, eutrophic Mogan Lake, an important recreation area. This study aims to use certain indices - enrichment index (EF), contamination/pollution index (CF), degree of contamination (Cd), pollution load index (PLI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (Eri), integrated ecological risk index (PER), and mean probable effect concentration quotient (mPEC-Q) - to evaluate the state of sediment pollution in the lake after dredging. With this in mind, after dredging was completed, two stations in the littoral zone were selected. Station I was located especially where it would be reached by wastewater from mineral processing facilities and domestic areas; and Station II, where it would be reached by residential and agricultural wastewater. Surface sediment samples were taken repeatedly in May and November 2020 using a sediment grabber. According to the study findings, a) Among the heavy metals studied (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Zn), Cu, As, and Cd were found to have the highest enrichment and contamination indices; b) The pollution load index (PLI) values (1.30-2.26) suggest heavy metal pollution in the sediment, and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values show intensive Pb contamination at both stations in both months; c) In terms of potential ecological risk index (Eri), Cd was found to have a significant level of ecological risk index; d) The integrated risk index (PER) indicates that all heavy metals in the lake were present at moderate ecological risk levels. Ni and As were metals that had negative biological effects. The results indicate that a) Dredging is not a very effective tool for reducing pollution in the sediment; and b) As long as anthropogenic pollutants continue to enter the lake basin, sediment heavy metal levels should be routinely monitored, particularly those with ecological and biological effects on the sediment: Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni and As. It is predicted that the findings of this study will contribute to the sediment-focused monitoring efforts of organizations and local governments.

Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Atmospheric PM1 During Autumn and Winter in Qingdao

From November 1,2018 to January 31,2019 (OP2018-2019) and from November 1,2019 to January 20, 2020 (OP2019-2020), PM1 measurement was conducted daily for two consecutive years. The concentration of trace elements in the atmospheric PM1 in Qingdao in autumn and winter was analyzed. The observation period was divided into four air quality levels (Level Ⅰ, Level Ⅱ, Level Ⅲ, and Level Ⅳ), and the characteristics and sources of the concentration of trace elements in PM1 were analyzed. The non-carcinogenic risks (Zn, Pb, Mn, Cu, and V) and carcinogenic risks (As, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Co) of different people with different air quality levels were evaluated. The results showed that the changes in total metal element concentrations were associated with changes in Ca, K, and Al concentrations at different air quality classes during OP2019-2020 compared to those during OP2018-2019 and were more influenced by dust and biomass combustion sources. Compared with that during OP2018-2019, the V concentration in different air quality levels (Level Ⅰ, Level Ⅱ, Level Ⅲ, and Level Ⅳ) during OP2019-2020 decreased by 19.0%, 60.5%, 82.7%, and 77.5%, respectively. This was presumed to be related to the implementation of the Domestic Emission Control Area (DECA) policy for ships, which led to the significant reduction in V concentration due to the change in fuel quality of ships in the waters around Qingdao. The results of the enrichment factor, the ratio method, and the backward trajectory of airflow further indicated that the changes in V concentrations were mainly influenced by the DECA policy. However, after the implementation of the DECA, the V/Ni value as a limit for judging the influence of ship sources in the area required further exploration. The health risk assessment results showed that the risk factor of Mn ranged from 0.07 to 1.22 during OP2018-2019 and OP2019-2020. It was recommended to strengthen the management and control of Mn-containing pollution sources. The lifetime carcinogenic risk (ILCR) value of As and Cd under different air qualities during OP2018-2019 and OP2019-2020 was lower than 10-4 but higher than 10-6, indicating that there was a carcinogenic probability, although it was still at an acceptable level. During OP2018-2019, when the air quality was Ⅳ, the ILCR value of Cr was higher than 10-4, and there was a risk of cancer.

침착성 테스트의 훈련과 평가를 이용한 온순한 승용마 선발에 관한 연구

It is necessary to select a riding horse with a good temperament, for the development of the horse industry and safe riding. Various evaluation methods for the selection of a good temperament horses have been proposed, and in this study, the GHP (Gelassenheitsprüfung) temperament test was conducted to systematize the horse selection and training program. The experiment group was divided into a trained riding horse (TRH) over 15 years old trained as a riding horse and an Untrained Candidate Horse (UCH) group born in domestic area. 16 reaction tests of horses were evaluated before training and also evaluated after 2 months of training, respectively. There was a significant improvement in the L-shaped back step item in the TRH group, and in the Open Umbrella and Tarpaulin covering items in the UCH group (p.05). However, among the experiment horses, the reaction scores of 2 heads in the TRH group and 3 heads in the UCH group improved significantly after training (p.05). According to these results, systematic temperament training is effective in the riding horse, and it is judged that this training must be performed together during horseback riding training from an early age.

Potentiality of phytochemical compounds isolated and identified from Jatropha curcas L. against Odontotermes obesus Rambur

Infestations of termites in agricultural fields as well as in domestic and industrial areas have been one of the major problems incurring a great economic loss since long. Chemical pesticides are being used to prevent the devastating action of termites which are deterrent for termites but concomitantly hazardous for health, damage ecological cycles and are perdurable in nature for long. In search of alternatives, the present study was aimed to isolate an active termiticidal phytochemical from Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) against termite species, Odontotermes obesus Rambur. Acetone, chloroform, n-hexane, methanol and distilled water extracts of stem and leaves were prepared and chemical composition was checked. The results indicated that extracts of leaves possessed higher quantities of phytoconstituents than stems. To know the termiticidal potential, extracts of leaves and stems were applied at a dose range of 0.5–4 gm/ml solvent to Whatman filter papers No. 1, allowed to dry, and presented to termites in Petri-plates in specialized termite box maintained at 27 ± 5 °C with 70 ± 5 % relative humidity. Mortality of termites was recorded twice at 24 h and 48 h post-exposure. To know active phytochemicals against termites, isolated phytochemicals were subjected to termiticidal assay in which terpenoid fractions exhibited highest termiticidal potential. The mixture of terpenoids were isolated using TLC in which ten bands of phytochemicals were detected coined JC-1 to JC-10 and the most active fraction JC-6 was identified as of benzyl oleate, benzyl (6Z, 9Z, 12Z) 6,9,12 octadecatrionate; followed by JC-9 as tert- hexadacanethio; while JC10 was a mixture of phenol 2,4 diterbutyl, 1-methylundecyl trifluroacetate, and benzyl acetate (9Z, 12Z) 9,12 octadecadionate. The present study indicates that J. curcas contains anti-termiticidal compounds and that can be used to prevent termite infestation. This plant could be exploited further for production of bio-pesticides.

Detection and molecular characterization of Avipoxvirus in Culex spp. (Culicidae) captured in domestic areas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Avian pox is a highly contagious poultry disease that causes significant economic losses. Mosquitoes belonging to the genus Culex (Diptera: Culicidae) have a fundamental role in disseminating Avipoxvirus (Poxviridae). This study proposes investigating the presence of Avipoxvirus (APV) DNA in Culex spp. from Rio de Janeiro to determine its frequency and perform a phylogenetic analysis based on the core like the 4b protein (p4b) gene. The detection of APVs was conducted individually on four hundred Culex spp. mosquitoes. A total of 12.23% (47/384) of the Culex spp. were positive in the PCR. Sequencing the p4b gene revealed that this study’s sequences displayed 98.8–99% identity with Fowlpoxvirus (FWPW) sequences available in GenBank. In the phylogenetic analysis, these APVs were clustered in the A1 subclade together with FWPW sequences from several countries. The evolutionary distance of the p4b gene was 0.61 ± 0.21% in rural areas and 0.38 ± 0.16% in peri-urban areas. The current investigation is the first study to report the detection of APVs in field-caught mosquitoes. Moreover, a high frequency of APV DNA was observed in Culex spp. captured in domestic areas, where backyard poultry is present. This data demonstrates the importance of implementing control measures for Culex spp. to mitigate the transmission of APVs in backyard poultry in Rio de Janeiro.

Efficiency of DECA on ship emission and urban air quality: A case study of China port

As the largest container port in northern China, the prosperous maritime trade has not only promoted the economic development of Qingdao port but also brought serious pollution to the air quality. Ship emissions have caused a significant influence on public health. The establishment of the Domestic Emission Control Area (DECA) is a key policy to reduce ship emissions in recent years. It has been implemented in Qingdao Port from January 1, 2019. To evaluate the environmental benefits of the DECA policy, this study established a bottom-up ship emission inventory in 2020 for Qingdao based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Changes in ship emissions and their impact on air quality in Qingdao are evaluated for the same study area before and after the implementation of DECA policy. The total emissions in all study area for SO2, NOX, PM10, PM2.5, HC and CO in 2020 are 8.16 × 103, 3.31 × 104, 1.25 × 103, 1.15 × 103, 1.18 × 103, 2.15 × 103 tons (t), respectively, reductions of 67.9%, 15.4%, 63.2%, 62.9%, 27.2% and 23.2% compared with 2016, and reductions of 73.42%, 29.97%, 69.54%, 69.26%, 39.71%, 36.44% compared with the scenario without DECA in 2020. The inter-month change and spatial distribution of ship emissions are similar in both years. Shinan District, Shibei District and Huangdao District are most affected by ship emissions, with the largest influence in summer. The ship's contribution to air pollution in each area had been significantly reduced, especially for SO2 and PM after DECA policy. However, the emission reduction of other pollutants is limited, so it is necessary to further enhance the DECA policy. Our research aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the environmental benefits for DECA policy, and provide support for the further improvement of the subsequent measures.

Research on Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Provinces along the Belt and Road under Carbon Emission Constraints: Based on Super-Efficient SBM and Malmquist Index Model

About 50% of China’s total energy consumption is generated by the Belt and Road regions, which mainly involves 18 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions. To complement each other, the focus on total factor energy efficiency in key regions cannot be ignored. This paper selects the key domestic areas of the Belt and Road as the research object, follows the research ideas of static measurement and dynamic decomposition, and considers the constraints of carbon emissions. The super-efficiency SBM model can measure the energy efficiency statically and include all factors of each province and city from 2015 to 2019, and the Malmquist productivity index model is able to decompose the variation in total factor energy efficiency. The research results show that (1) there are apparent differences in energy efficiency among the provinces along the Belt and Road for the average total factor energy efficiency of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road region is 1.03, which is significantly higher than that of the 12 provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt; (2) from the perspective of time, the provinces along the Belt and Road’s total factor energy efficiency shows a fluctuating upward trend, which is deeply affected by technological progress; (3) from the perspective of index decomposition, the main reason for the low energy efficiency of the provinces in the Silk Road Economic Belt region is low technical efficiency, and the main factor supporting the improvement of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road region energy efficiency is technological progress.

Study of Clean Water and Sanitation Access and Its Relationship to Waterborne and Stunting Prevalence in Bandung Regency

Water and proper sanitation access in Bandung Regency has not covered all population. Lack of availability of water and sanitation is certainly related to public health. This research was conducted to identify clean water access in terms of quality, quantity, and continuity as well as sanitation access in Bandung Regency, and then to determine its relationship to waterborne diseases and stunting prevalence. The study was conducted in three locations representing domestic, agricultural, and industrial areas. The study collected 33 water samples for physical and microbial analysis, and questionnaires to 75 household respondents about the waterborne disease and stunting prevalence, household income levels, hygiene behaviour, mother’s education, and birth weight. The results showed clean water quality differences in those areas for parameters Total Coliform (p=0,051), temperature (p=0,044), and pH (p=0,002) as well as differences of wastewater system types (p=0,002). Factors namely clean water quantity and continuity, personal hygiene, and household income level have an association with waterborne diseases prevalence (PR>1). Whereas stunting is associated with sanitation access, personal hygiene, household income level, mother’s education, and children’s birth weight (PR>1). However, only household income level has significant relationship with stunting (p=0,005; PR=4.0; 95% CI=1.33-12). These factors should be improved to prevent waterborne disease and stunting children in the community.

Eksistensi Laki-Laki Dalam Gerakan Feminisme Islam

Interest in women's issues does not only come from women's groups, but also from men's groups. The word "masculine" which is often attached to men and "feminine" to women is in fact a form of social construction which in practice is absolutely interchangeable. It is important to trace the existence of men in the Islamic feminism movement with the aim of seeing how religion regulates the position of men and tracing the causes of discrimination against women under the guise of religion. This research is included in library research that refers to several scientific sources such as books, journals and the internet. The method used is historical continuity and interpretation to trace history and its relation to actual issues related to the existence of men and the Islamic feminism movement. From the results of the study, it was found that the existence of men in the Islamic feminism movement is a form of concern and support for issues related to gender inequality and violence against women in the name of religion as the basis of Islamic law. In addition to thinking support, the researcher also found that there was support in terms of action. For example, the campaign from the New Men's Alliance which supports the gender equality movement, that there is nothing wrong if men also help in the domestic area because cleaning the house and taking care of children is not an absolute nature of women. In addition, the existence of men can also be seen from the ideas of characters such as Asghar Ali Engineer and KH Husein Muhammad. In general, both are equally critical of the conservative views of Muslims. Criticizing the commentators who only use the Qur'an and Hadith as the only source of Islamic law without contextualizing it with the progress of civilization. As a result, misogynistic verses appear that are detrimental to one party, in this case women.

ДОМАШНЕЕ НАСИЛИЕ КАК ОБЪЕКТ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОГО И УГОЛОВНОГО ПРОЦЕССА

The article is about domestic violence and it`s place in administrative and criminal proceedings. It contains Russian and international statistics on the matter, information about law and other initiatives, opinions of lawyers. The article consists of international statistic from organisations such as Common Grace, World Health Organisation and United Nations and Russian medias. The article also states what kind of changes could be made in domestic violence area, law wise and socially. In addition, the article discusses the conclusion of absence of «Domestic violence law» and all sides of that issue.