Private Domain Research Articles

The Importance of Classifying an Asset as Belonging to the Public Domain

According to the special Law no. 165/2013 regarding the measures to complete the restitution process, the Local Land Fund Commissions drew up the validation proposal from Annex no. 29, in Annex 23, meaning that the County Land Fund Law Enforcement Commissions revoked the decisions that contained the recognition of the right to property on the land that was illegally taken by the communist regime and entered the state property. So, this type of land can be unavailable for the former expropriated owner, in favour of the state? On the other hand, Romania adopted new regulations which complete Law no. 222/2017 with a provision allowing the alienation, by donation to third parties, of a Patriot system owned by the Romanian state. This research wants to highlight two situations where the delimitation between public and private domain has practical importance.

Milícias in Rio de Janeiro: deconstructing the myth of a violent everyday peace through a feminist perspective

Milícias have proliferated across Brazil, engaging in criminal activities while maintaining close connections to the Brazilian state and politicians. They seek political validation by presenting themselves as combating drug traffickers and reducing violence, positioning peace and security as fundamental to their political appeal. Therefore, examining the role of peace within these criminal organizations through the lens of peace and conflict studies provides valuable insights into how Brazilian militias work. Through an analysis of the rhetoric used by politicians, the media, and residents in areas under milícias’ control, it becomes apparent that these criminal groups assert their role in establishing a form of “everyday peace.” However, this form of peace is inherently violent, resulting in a paradoxical concept of ‘violent everyday peace.’ Consequently, the feminist framework’s emphasis on the public/private distinction and the continuum of violence becomes crucial in addressing this paradox. By applying this feminist concept, it becomes evident that milícias generate a limited sense of peace in the public sphere while perpetuating violence in the private domain. Private violence, however, is often overlooked by those unaffected by milícia control, allowing these groups to garner political support. These findings enrich the study of criminal organizations in Brazil and the concept of everyday peace, which has not been previously explored in the context of Brazilian milícias.

Nasilje nad ženskami v politiki na družbenem omrežju X: nov način izražanja starih oblik nasilja?

The present study explores the escalating concern regarding violence against women in politics within the realm of social media. Rather than contributing to the further democratisation of public and political space, social media platforms have become conduits for thedissemination of hate speech, aggression, violence, and misogyny against women engaged in politics at various levels, be it local, national, or international. This study endeavours to address the critical questions surrounding violence against women in politics on social media and examines the related risks and consequences for women at various stages of their political careers, including parliamentarians and those only setting out on their political journeys.Employing critical discourse analysis and social network analysis, our research delves into the discourse on the X network during the two months leading up to the Slovenian parliamentary election in April 2022. Through the meticulous examination of over 300 handcollectedposts in the Slovenian language, we aim to elucidate the impact of the discourse on the X network on the pre-election events and assess the extent of violent and misogynistic content directed at women actively participating in the election campaign. Our findingsreveal that misogynistic and violent attacks published on X manifest themselves in diverse forms of expression, targeting women with high prospects of achieving favourable election results and those expressing critical views towards the government. The overarching objective of these violent and misogynistic activities transcends mere psychological harm and theinstillation of fear; instead, they aim to induce a sense of inferiority and dissuade women from active political participation, compelling them to retreat from the public sphere intothe private domain.

Artificial intelligence and pain medicine education: Benefits and pitfalls for the medical trainee.

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents an exciting and evolving technology that is increasingly being utilized across pain medicine. Large language models (LLMs) are one type of AI that has become particularly popular. Currently, there is a paucity of literature analyzing the impact that AI may have on trainee education. As such, we sought to assess the benefits and pitfalls that AI may have on pain medicine trainee education. Given the rapidly increasing popularity of LLMs, we particularly assessed how these LLMs may promote and hinder trainee education through a pilot quality improvement project. A comprehensive search of the existing literature regarding AI within medicine was performed to identify its potential benefits and pitfalls within pain medicine. The pilot project was approved by UPMC Quality Improvement Review Committee (#4547). Three of the most commonly utilized LLMs at the initiation of this pilot study - ChatGPT Plus, Google Bard, and Bing AI - were asked a series of multiple choice questions to evaluate their ability to assist in learner education within pain medicine. Potential benefits of AI within pain medicine trainee education include ease of use, imaging interpretation, procedural/surgical skills training, learner assessment, personalized learning experiences, ability to summarize vast amounts of knowledge, and preparation for the future of pain medicine. Potential pitfalls include discrepancies between AI devices and associated cost-differences, correlating radiographic findings to clinical significance, interpersonal/communication skills, educational disparities, bias/plagiarism/cheating concerns, lack of incorporation of private domain literature, and absence of training specifically for pain medicine education. Regarding the quality improvement project, ChatGPT Plus answered the highest percentage of all questions correctly (16/17). Lowest correctness scores by LLMs were in answering first-order questions, with Google Bard and Bing AI answering 4/9 and 3/9 first-order questions correctly, respectively. Qualitative evaluation of these LLM-provided explanations in answering second- and third-order questions revealed some reasoning inconsistencies (e.g., providing flawed information in selecting the correct answer). AI represents a continually evolving and promising modality to assist trainees pursuing a career in pain medicine. Still, limitations currently exist that may hinder their independent use in this setting. Future research exploring how AI may overcome these challenges is thus required. Until then, AI should be utilized as supplementary tool within pain medicine trainee education and with caution.

The language of gratitude: An empirical analysis of acknowledgments in German medical dissertations

Abstract Acknowledgment sections are a rich but underused resource for understanding how language is used for social purposes (such as expressing gratitude and communicating social relations networks), and how conventions and patterns emerge in this process. This paper presents a usage-based case study combining qualitative and quantitative methods for analyzing a dataset of >300 acknowledgment sections from medical dissertations written in German. In our quantitative analysis, we gauge keywords and key n-grams and assess the relative position of recurrent words in each text. Our analysis shows that this text type has developed clear conventions, with acknowledgments in the professional domain being followed by a usually smaller set of expressions of gratitude associated with the private domain. In addition, our quantitative analysis suggests recurrent patterns that can be linked to specific socio-pragmatic functions. For instance, an analysis of n-grams attested in text segments associated with the professional vs. the private domain shows some differences with regard to the typical patterns chosen in those segments. Our analysis also raises a number of future research questions, thus showing that acknowledgment sections are a highly interesting object of study that deserve to be investigated in more detail.

Impact of Human Resource Policy Implementation on Service Delivery at the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Western Region, Kenya

Efficient implementation of policies has a crucial function in improving service delivery in the public and private domains. The success of policy execution directly impacts how much the policy contributes to enhancing service delivery. To achieve high-quality, efficient, and timely service delivery, the Directorate has adopted a strategy of revamping, retooling, and continuous learning. The Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (ODPP) follows the Excellence Charter and adheres to the ODPP Strategic Commitments for the period 2020-2023. In this context, the researcher focused on examining the impact of human resource policy implementation on service delivery at the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, Western Region, Kenya. Implementation Theory and Organizational Culture Theory guided the study. Descriptive research design was utilized. The target population was 198 individuals working within the ODPP Western Region of Kenya. Individual respondents were selected randomly from Legal, Administration, and Support Staff in region. Data collection was done through questionnaires distributed to staff and document analysis was conducted in the resource centres available in the region. Face-to-face interviews with selected County Heads were carried out by the researcher. Descriptive statistics, such as means, percentages, and frequencies, was used in the research's quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyze the data using SPSS. The findings indicated that human resource has a significant impact on service delivery at the ODPP, Western Region, Kenya. The results upon Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) established human resource policy implementation had an r of 0.265, β = 0.252, t= 3.786, p= 0.05. It was concluded that Policy Implementation had a statistically significant impact on service delivery in the ODPP. The study recommends that ODPP should enhance HR policy implementation and service delivery in the Western Region by improving communication, offering regular training, fostering open dialogue, establishing a robust monitoring framework, deploying dedicated HR Officers, and ensuring transparent and unbiased career progression and training opportunities. The study will be part of references materials for all ODPP Staff, stakeholders, policy makers and other institutions in Kenya as an insightful tool in advancement of efficacy and efficiency in policy implementation.

Perspectives on drone journalism in Turkiye: Journalists' views on the use of drones

The subject of this study is the role of drone journalism as a new field within journalism. Drone journalism has emerged due to the rapid development of new communication technologies, making it crucial to define the role of drone technology in journalism. This study aims to investigate journalists' perspectives on drone technology and its effects on their professional lives. The research examines how journalists use drone technology, its contributions to their journalistic processes, and the challenges they face in detail. A qualitative paradigm was adopted for this study, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews within a phenomenological design. The data obtained were analyzed using thematic analysis with MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software. Due to resource and time constraints, the study was limited to 11 journalists working in Türkiye. The findings indicate that the use of drones in journalism is perceived positively for facilitating access, providing bird's-eye view imagery, enhancing aesthetic visuals, reducing physical and material risks in the news-gathering process, increasing the attractiveness of news, promoting objective journalism, and creating new employment opportunities. However, the findings also reveal concerns regarding the violation of personal data protection, privacy, and the boundaries between public and private domains. As a result of these findings, it can be concluded that there are debates about the meaning and use of drone journalism in the industry and that theoretical, practical and legal advances are needed. This study has limitations in terms of research methodology, sampling technique and size. Future research could be improved with new studies that are larger in scale and focus specifically on female drone journalists.

The Growth Flywheel of Content Community in B2B Industry: Digital Marketing Strategy and Practice of Lingyishuke

As a leading B2B enterprise in China, Lingyishuke has demonstrated excellent practices and strategies in the field of digital marketing. Facing the unique challenges of B2B industry, such as large-scale transactions, long decision-making cycle, high customer acquisition cost and insufficient clue maintenance, Lingyishuke has effectively improved customer conversion rate and brand influence by building a content community marketing system. The core of its strategy lies in the deep integration of the marketing system of "people's goods yard", which maximizes the marketing effect by accurately positioning different people, matching corresponding goods and services, and effectively spreading them in suitable fields. In addition, Lingyishuke also pays attention to the adaptation of content strategies, such as the use of video number matrix and WeChat official account matrix, and the hierarchical operation of private domain traffic to ensure the effective delivery of content and accurate coverage of audiences. Through these strategies, Lingyishuke not only reduced the marketing cost, but also realized the continuous precipitation of private domain traffic, promoted business growth, and the annual revenue exceeded 100 million yuan.

Employee use of social media: Private, public or something else?

This article examines the use of social media at the intersection of work and private life and analyses how employers are permitted to intervene in employees’ social media behaviour. In the article, this phenomenon is described as the hybrid role of an employee. It is created when a person adds work-related information to their personal social media profile and when employers encourage personnel to highlight their expertise and employer-related issues using personal social media accounts. The content of an employee's social media bio and social media postings, as well as an employer's social media policy, create a complex framework spanning the private and public domains. In addition, an employer's intervention in an employee's social media posts constitutes an interference with that employee's freedom of expression and private life, which are fundamental and human rights. Therefore, a compelling reason must exist for an employer to interfere with an employee’s use of social media. Factors that influence this assessment include the employee's position and duties, the closeness of the connection between the social media content and the employer, the (harmful) effect of this content on the employer or its activities, the veracity and public-interest value of the content, the proportionality of the sanction and its compatibility with the employer's social media policy.

Santykis su atliekomis žiedinėje ekonomikoje: rūpesčio etikos perspektyva

This article examines the ethical dimension of waste management within the context of the circular economy. The authors argue for a shift in focus from technological and practical issues in waste management to a more holistic consideration of the ontological and ethical aspects of waste. By building on the ethics of care perspective, the article proposes a relational approach which prioritizes attentiveness, responsibility, competence, responsiveness, and involvement in addressing waste issues. By examining the five stages of care within the ethics of care framework, the study shows how ethical considerations can inform individual and collective actions within the paradigm of the circular economy. Ultimately, the article reconceptualizes waste as an integral part of our moral and ethical landscape by highlighting relationships embedded in care across private, domestic, institutional, and public domains.

Managing public floors in private development: perceptions and challenges

PurposeThis paper examines the phenomenon of mixing public floors within private development, shedding light on underlying rationales, the acceptability of integrating different uses, and the various challenges associated with the management and creation of these mixed-use, mixed-ownership buildings.Design/methodology/approachThe topic is reviewed by examining the opinions and perceptions of expert planners and developers using a triangulation of qualitative interviews data and quantitative and qualitative analysis of survey results, cross-referenced with some grey literature in the form of planning tribunal decisions.FindingsFindings suggest that the allocation of public floors is made in response to the shortage of land in high-demand areas with the aim of densifying development and making it more efficient. Experts were generally open to the concept of a private–public floorspace mix, noting that certain public land uses are better than others when combined as floorspace within private structures. Furthermore, the findings highlight managerial obstacles as well as issues with the process of allocating public floors in new plans.Practical implicationsThe findings can be used to provide guidance for municipal authorities and developers looking to make the most of their available land, ensuring that both the public and private domains can coexist as cities continue to grow and become more densely populated in the future.Originality/valueFew studies have reviewed this type of public–private mix, while highlighting challenges in their creation and management. The Israeli case-study in the paper showcases a unique context where high growth rates, increasing densification, and vertical development all spur development in this direction.

Gender Dynamics in the Built Environment: A Study of Madurese Taneyan Lanjhang Houses

Abstract Gender norms as a subset of societal norms are manifested in vernacular households. In some aspects, Madurese traditional houses (Taneyan Lanjhang) define spaces according to the domains of men and women. This division implies that roles assigned to men and women are closely tied to whether those activities take place in the public or private domain. The actual experience of women and men nowadays, however, is more complex. The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of men’s and women’s familial roles in shaping their dwellings as well as inhibition of domestic space within contemporary Taneyan Lanjhang homes. This study adopts a qualitative approach with empirical and descriptive methodology. The findings are derived from Taneyan Lanjhang houses in Alang-Alang Village, Bangkalan Regency, Madura through in-depth interviews to homeowners’ activities and alterations made to the house as well as visual observation. The results suggest that there are variations in how households implement gender structural roles. The community is more inclined to egalitarian distribution of roles and spaces. In certain areas traditionally expected to be occupied by either men or women, instances of overlap and blending are evident, suggesting that some gender roles are subject to interpretation, negotiation, and changes. A strict adherence to dichotomy of gender roles is proven to be not sustainable. This study contributes to the theoretical discussion of infrastructure and sustainability by examining how gender dynamics influence the design, utilisation, and sustainability of the built environment within Taneyan Lanjang community.

Exploration of Financial Statements CV. Wian Mandiri Based on Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities

The title of the research is "Exploration of CV. Wian Mandiri Financial Report Based on the Standard of Financial Accounting for Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Entities." The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach on CV. Wian Mandiri. Data was collected from observation, interviews, and documentation, and then analyzed using a descriptive method. The research aims to determine the practice of recording and preparing financial reports based on SAK EMKM in CV. Wian Mandiri, located at Bhineka 1 Street, Number 52, Pasir Gunung Selatan, Cimanggis Depok, West Jakarta. The results of the research show that CV. Wian Mandiri's financial report is still simple, recording only income and expenses, which are then accumulated to determine the profit and loss at the end of the month. After applying SAK EMKM in reconstructing the financial report, it was found that CV. Wian Mandiri's profit and loss report showed a profit of Rp. 30,042,000.00 in October and Rp. 29,887,000.00 in November. The balance sheet report for October and November showed total assets of Rp. 76,408,000.00 and Rp. 106,446,000.00, with equity and liabilities of Rp. 76,408,000.00 and Rp. 106,446,000.00, respectively. The notes to the financial report, which describe the general statements of the entity, the accounting policies adopted, and explanations about the accounts on the income report, cannot be explained because the company considers them to be within the company's private domain.

Thinking politically about social work in child protection and welfare: A radical Reappropriation of the works of Hannah Arendt

This article presents a theoretical exposition of Arendtian political philosophy for child protection and welfare social work. The aim is to better understand and inform social work in the field of child protection and welfare, whilst accounting for the political context of practice. Sustaining the exposition is the view that power-laden child protection systems are ultimately socio-political through their authority to intervene in private family life. This is partly owing to the instrumental power inherent in child protection systems to exert dominance and control over service users and social groups leading to raced, gendered and classed outcomes in child welfare. To unpack the political nature of social work in child protection and welfare, a tripartite conceptual frame of private, public and social domains is derived from Arendt’s philosophical work. This is critically applied to put forward seven propositions for how social work can develop in child protection and welfare, with respect to practice in a socio-political context. Practical implications for future social work include implementing evidence-informed advocacy efforts and conducting empirical research toward preserving balance in social work attention to public and private life.

‘Without the Anger, There Would Be Nothing to Tell’

Abstract This study explores the interconnectedness between social media, anger, and everyday negotiations of belonging and anti-racist struggles in Norway. The examination draws on an ethnographic approach that does not treat the digital as separate from the non-digital, but recognises the embeddedness of digital technology in people's lives. I demonstrate how digital networking might offer a different set of communicative practices within the same cultural context, challenging existing norms of face-to-face communication. I do so by focusing particularly on anger. Anger is inherently relational, but in Norway the dominant cultural norm confines it to the private domain. I argue that through digital networking sites, anger's transformative power transcends the private and bids for public recognition.

Migrant services and the reconfiguration of social reproduction as capital accumulation

Much of past feminist theorization of social reproduction has concentrated on the domestic sphere. However, in multiple domains such as education, childcare, elder care, health care, the delivery of goods, and migrant settlement, first the state and non-profit organizations and increasingly corporate profit-making service industries emerged as significant providers. In this transformed world of social reproduction, the initial query of feminist theorists about the relationship between social reproduction and capital accumulation must again be addressed. This return to a theorization of social reproduction in what is often considered the humanitarian sector of capitalist economies must encompass the labor of precarious workers and unpaid volunteers. Building on but going beyond the feminist debate about social reproduction, this paper explores the relationship between the public–private domain of service delivery and capital accumulation in migrants’ services. In so many instances, humanitarian activities in sectors such as migrant services have become the local face of a multiscalar migration industry. Through an exploration of the delivery of migrant services in a disempowered city in eastern Germany, the paper explicates the dynamics through which social reproduction activities are commoditized and are increasingly linked to locations and mechanisms of capital accumulation through the extraction of surplus value.

Importance of Macroscopic Environmental Analysis for spring preservation used for human consumption

The lack and deterioration of the quality of water resources have made governments take educational measures and required society to rethink habits concerning the preservation and conservation of water quality. Thus, the present study aims to present the importance of spring preservation for water quality conservation as well as to develop a macroscopic environmental analysis of springs located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Twenty springs were observed in two different periods of the year (May and November 2019), which had different economic activities: native forest – public domain; soybean, tobacco, and pig farming – private domain, in their surroundings. The study adopted five replications (different municipalities), and a macroscopic environmental analysis was carried out in each spring to classify them according to the extent of preservation. It was observed that most of the springs show “Good” and “Very good” preservation. However, it can be concluded that the economic activities developed in the surroundings do not interfere with spring preservation, and the methodology adopted is not recommended for the macroscopic environmental analysis in areas of native forest due to the characteristics considered.

Work Social Support from Private Domain: Scale Development and Validation

Work Social Support from Private Domain: Scale Development and Validation

A family affair: Repeated interviews with people with dementia and a euthanasia wish and their families

This study examines the reasons of people with dementia request euthanasia and how these reasons change over time with a special focus on reasons related to family. In addition, it examines how family relates to their loved one’s euthanasia wish. Seven people with dementia and a euthanasia wish in the Netherlands were interviewed, and three years later, two of them and five family members were interviewed again. Four themes were identified using thematic analyses: (1) Protecting the relationship from the impact of dementia; (2) Private domain as the primary setting to discuss euthanasia; (3) Implicit expectation to respect and agree with the euthanasia wish; (4) Experienced responsibilities of family regarding the euthanasia wish. Professionals should be aware of the position of family and the interrelatedness of the person’s concern for family happiness and families’ moral commitment to agree and support the wish.

The Effect of Pro-Environmental Destination Image on Resident Environmental Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Roles of Satisfaction and Pride

Despite the lengthy history of the research on destination image from various perspectives, how pro-environmental destination image promotes resident environmental citizenship behavior remains underexplored. Grounded in the cognition–affect–behavior (CAB) model, this research investigated the translation of pro-environmental destination image into resident environmental citizenship behavior via satisfaction and pride. Data were collected using an intercept survey approach from a tourism village recognized as one of the best in the world by UNWTO. The results indicated that a pro-environmental destination image has a positive impact on resident environmental citizenship behavior in the private and public domains. Furthermore, resident satisfaction and pride serve as mediators between pro-environmental destination image and resident environmental citizenship behavior. This research contributes to the literature on resident environmental citizenship behavior by considering the role of pro-environmental destination image. The findings provide practical implications for fostering environmental citizenship behavior through the presentation of pro-environmental images to residents and eliciting their positive emotions.