Dogmatism Scale Research Articles

الدوجماتية لدى طلبة الجامعة وعلاقتها ببعض المتغيرات

هدفت الدراسة إلى استقصاء مستوى الدوجماتية لدى الطلبة في جامعة الملك سعود وجامعة المجمعة، وكذلك الكشف عن الفروق في الدوجماتية وفق الجامعة، والجنس، والمستوى الدراسي، والمعدل التراكمي، والتخصص العلمي، والاشتراك في الأنشطة الطلابية. تكونت عينة الدراسة من 499 طالبًا وطالبةً للعام الدراسي 2020/2021، واعتُمد المنهج الوصفي، وطُبِّق مقياس الدوجماتية المكون من 30 فقرة من إعداد الركيبات والجعافرة (2019)، بعد التحقق من صدقه وثباته وتكييفه ليناسب البيئة السعودية. أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود مستوى فوق المتوسط من الدوجماتية للطلبة في الجامعتين؛ فقد بلغت قيمة "ت"11.11 عند مستوى الدلالة α = 0.05. وكان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في الدوجماتية لصالح طلبة جامعة الملك سعود؛ إذ بلغت قيمة "ت" 5.39 عند مستوى الدلالة α = 0.05. وعمَّا يخص الجنس، فكان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لصالح الطلاب؛ فقد بلغت قيمة "ت" 4.06 عند مستوى الدلالة α = 0.05. وعمَّا يتعلق بالتخصص الأكاديمي، فقد كان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لصالح التخصص العلمي؛ إذ بلغت قيمة "ف" 9.21 عند مستوى الدلالة α = 0.05. وأشارت الدراسة كذلك إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في الدوجماتية تعزى إلى المستوى الدراسي. وفي المعدل التراكمي، كان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لصالح المعدل الأدنى (أقل من 3.4)؛ فقد بلغت قيمة "ف" 8.17 عند مستوى الدلالة α = 0.05. كذلك لم توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية متعلقة بالاشتراك في الأنشطة الطلابية. ومن خلال هذه النتائج، توصلت الدراسةُ إلى عدد من التوصيات والمقترحات، تتضمن إعداد برامج إرشادية لخفض مستوى الدوجماتية لدى الطلبة.

الدوجماتية لدى طلبة بعض الجامعات السعودية وعلاقتها ببعض المتغيرات

The current study aimed to identify the level of dogmatism (Mental closure towards opposing viewpoints and opinions, and weak ability to tolerate opposing viewpoints) among students in some Saudi universities with the application on students of King Saud University and Majmaah University, and its difference according to gender, academic level, Grade Point Average (GPA), scientific specialization, and participation in student activities. The sample of the study consisted of (499) male and female students from the two universities in 2020/2021. The researchers used a descriptive approach. The data was collected through a dogmatism scale after confirming its psychometric properties. The scale consists of (30) items prepared by Al-Rakibat and Al-Ja'afrah (2019). The findings revealed that there is an average level of dogmatism among the students in the two universities. Furthermore, the findings indicated statistically significant differences at (0.05) in dogmatism in terms of gender, academic level, Grade Point Average (GPA), specialization, and participation in student activities. Finally, the findings indicated no statistically significant differences in dogmatism in terms of academic level. Based on the above findings, the researchers provided some recommendations and suggestions.

الدوجماتية وعلاقتها بالقلق الاجتماعي لدي عينة من المعاقين بصرياً

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على طبيعة العلاقة بين الدوجماتية القلق الاجتماعى لدى عينة من المعاقين بصريأ وتکونت عينة الدراسة من (50) من الطلاب المعاقين بصريأ من مدرسة النور للمکفوفين ببنها بمحافظة القليوبية ومدرسة النور للمکفوفين بالزقازيق بمحافظة الشرقية، وتراوحت أعمارهم من (13-18) عامأ، واستخدمت الدراسة مقياس الدوجماتية (إعداد:الباحثة) ومقياس القلق الاجتماعى (إعداد: زينب سيد عبدالحميد، 2014)، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أنه توجد علاقة إرتباطية موجبة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الدوجماتية وزيادة القلق الاجتماعى لدى عينة من المعاقين بصريا. Abstract : The current study aimed at exploring the relationship between dogmatism and social anxiety in a sample of visually impaired. The sample consisted of 50 students with visual impairments from Al Nour School for Blind, Benha, Qalyoubia governorate and Al Nour School for Blind, Zagazig, Sharqia governorate. Participants were between 13-18 years old. The current study utilized the Dogmatism Scale (prepared by the researcher) and Social Anxiety Scale – Revised (prepared by Zeinab Sayed Abd El Hameed, 2014). It was found a statistically significant positive relationship between dogmatism and increased social anxiety, and statistically significant positive relationship between social skills weakness and increased social anxiety for the visually impaired.

الدوجماتيـــــة وعلاقتهـــــا بقـــــوة الأنـــــا لدى عينة من المعاقين بصرياً

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى الکشف عن الدوجماتية وعلاقتها بقوة الأنا لدى عينة من المعاقين بصريأ وتکونت عينة الدراسة من (50) من الطلاب المعاقين بصريأ من مدرسة النورللمکفوفين ببنها بمحافظة القليوبية ومدرسة النور للمکفوفين بالزقازيق بمحافظة الشرقية، وتراوحت أعمارهم من (15- 18) عامأ، واستخدمت الدراسة مقياس الدوجماتية (إعداد: الباحثة) ،ومقياس قوة الأنا المعدل لبارون (تعديل وتقنين: زينب سيد عبدالحميد،2014)، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أنه توجد علاقة ارتباطية سالبة دالة احصائيا بين درجات عينة الدراسة على مقياس الدوجماتية، ودرجاتهم علي مقياس قوة الأنا. Abstract The current study aimed at exploring the relationship between dogmatism and ego strength in a sample of visually impaired. The sample consisted of 50 students with visual impairments from Al Nour School for Blind, Benha, Qalyoubia governorate and Al Nour School for Blind, Zagazig, Sharqia governorate. Participants were between 15-18 years old. The current study utilized the Dogmatism Scale (prepared by the researcher) and Baron’s Ego Strength Scale – Revised (modified and rationed by Zeinab Sayed Abd El Hameed, 2014). It was found a negative relationship between dogmatism and ego strength, and negative relationship between ego weakness and dogmatism.

Predictors of self-perceived cultural responsiveness in entry-level physiotherapy students in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand

BackgroundEnsuring physiotherapy students are well prepared to work safely and effectively in culturally diverse societies upon graduation is vital. Therefore, determining whether physiotherapy programs are effectively developing the cultural responsiveness of students is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness of entry level physiotherapy students during their training, and explore the factors that might be associated with these levels.MethodsA cross sectional study of physiotherapy students from nine universities across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire containing three parts: The Cultural Competence Assessment tool, Altemeyer’s Dogmatism scale, and the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability scale- short form. Demographic data relating to university, program, and level of study were also collected. Data was analysed using one-way ANOVA, t-tests and multiple regression analysis.ResultsA total of 817 (19% response rate) students participated in this study. Overall, students had a moderate level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness (Mean (SD) = 5.15 (0.67)). Fewer number of weeks of clinical placement attended, lower levels of dogmatism, and greater social desirability were related to greater self-perceived cultural responsiveness. Additionally, fourth year undergraduate students perceived themselves to be less culturally responsive than first and second year students (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results provide educators with knowledge about the level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness in physiotherapy students, and the factors that may need to be assessed and addressed to support the development of culturally responsive practice.

Are Conservatives Really More Simple‐Minded than Liberals? The Domain Specificity of Complex Thinking

Prior research suggests that liberals are more complex than conservatives. However, it may be that liberals are not more complex in general, but rather only more complex on certain topic domains (while conservatives are more complex in other domains). Four studies (comprised of over 2,500 participants) evaluated this idea. Study 1 involves the domain specificity of a self‐report questionnaire related to complexity (dogmatism). By making only small adjustments to a popularly used dogmatism scale, results show that liberals can be significantly more dogmatic if a liberal domain is made salient. Studies 2–4 involve the domain specificity of integrative complexity. A large number of open‐ended responses from college students (Studies 2 and 3) and candidates in the 2004 Presidential election (Study 4) across an array of topic domains reveals little or no main effect of political ideology on integrative complexity, but rather topic domain by ideology interactions. Liberals are higher in complexity on some topics, but conservatives are higher on others. Overall, this large dataset calls into question the typical interpretation that conservatives are less complex than liberals in a domain‐general way.

The Relationship Between Dogmatism And Emotional Intelligence With Psychological Well-Being

In various studies a correlation relationship has been seen between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being. However, no relationship has been seen between dogmatism and psychological well-being as per the studies of researcher in past works and due to the importance of the effect of this variable on psychological well-being of students the study of it has attracted the attention of the researcher and hence, the aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between 347 of the female students in last years of secondary school have been selected with the help of multistage sampling method and have completed Rey's dogmatism scale (1970), Goleman's emotional intelligence scale (1995) Ryff's psychological wellbeing scale (1989). The results indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship between dogmatism and psychological well-being of students and also there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological well-being of students .

The six types of nonbelief: a qualitative and quantitative study of type and narrative

Extensive research has been conducted in exploration of the American religious landscape; however, only recently has social science research started to explore nonbelief in any detail. Research on nonbelief has been limited as most research focuses on the popularity of the religious “nones” or the complexities of alternative faith expressions such as spirituality. Through two studies, one qualitative and one quantitative, this research explored how nonbelievers’ self-identify. Study 1 (the qualitative study) discovered that individuals have shared definitional agreement but use different words to describe different types of nonbelief. Through thematic coding, a typology of six different types of nonbelief was observed. Those are Academic Atheists, Activist Atheist/Agnostics, Seeker Agnostics, Antitheists, Non-Theists, and the Ritual Atheists. Study 2 explored the empirical aspects of these types related to the Big Five Domain, Ryff Psychological Well-Being, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, Multidimensional Anger Inventory, Rokeach Dogmatism Scale, and intersections related to religious and spiritual ontology.

Does the DOG Scale Measure Dogmatism? Another Look at Construct Validity

The author addressed the construct validity of B. Altemeyer's (1996) Dogmatism (DOG) scale. Confirmatory factor analyses of the scale provided evidence of uni-dimensionality, despite apparent method effects related to item wording. DOG scale scores correlated strongly and positively with the belief that knowledge is certain, providing convergent validity evidence for the measure. Scores on the DOG scale appeared empirically distinguishable from measures of need for cognition, need for structure, and need to evaluate. Criterion-related validity evidence came in the form of theoretically predictable relationships between the DOG scale and measures of religious fundamentalism, quest orientation, national identification, conservative ideology, dangerous world beliefs, and reactions to individuals and groups who hold worldview-incongruent beliefs and values.

A cognitive approach to dogmatism: An investigation into the relationship of verbal working memory and dogmatism

This study investigated the relationship of working memory to open and closed belief systems. Two hundred college students completed a working memory span test to measure verbal working memory, and Rokeach’s Dogmatism Scale (1956). Regression analysis was undertaken to determine the contribution of verbal working memory to dogmatism. A negative correlation was found between dogmatism scores and working memory scores ( p = .002) confirming the hypothesis that those participants who display a larger working memory capacity would show lower levels of dogmatic beliefs than participants displaying a smaller working memory capacity. Error analysis was employed to determine the significance of inhibition processes; indicating that capacity limits in verbal working memory, and not processing deficits, were primarily responsible for poor working memory scores. Dogmatism was not found to be related to gender, age, ethnicity, religious affiliation, academic major, or level of education.

Dogmatism Updated: A Scale Revision and Validation

Dogmatism represents an individual difference in cognitive style characterized by closed-mindedness. The concept of dogmatism has received a great deal of research attention in such topics as information selection, information processing, message selection, and source-message distinction. Previous dogmatism scales, however, have psychometric problems, and item wordings have become outdated. The present study updates the scale items based on a simplified conceptualization of dogmatism and assesses the validity of the new scale. Factor analyses and item analyses were employed to assess the unidimensionality of the scale. Two validation studies (N = 165 for study 1; N = 175 for study 2) were conducted. Both studies provided evidence consistent with construct validity. The updated dogmatism correlated positively with dominance and submission and negatively with perspective-taking and empathic concern. The predictive validity of the scale was only partially consistent with the data.

Dogmatism, Religion, and Psychological Type

A sample of 422 female undergraduate students, attending a university-sector college in Wales specialising in teacher education and liberal arts subjects, completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator together with the Troldahl-Powell Dogmatism Scale. The data demonstrated that higher dogmatism scores are most clearly associated with sensing rather than intuition. Higher dogmatism scores are also associated with extraversion rather than introversion, and with judging rather than perceiving. No significant difference in dogmatism scores were found between thinking and feeling.

Relationships between an ego orientation scale and a hypercompetitive scale: their correlates with dogmatism and authoritarianism factors

Abstract The aim of this paper was to study the relationship between an achievement ego scale and a hypercompetitive scale to assess a more general competitive disposition. Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of 232 and 186 sport science students’ responses revealed that these two scales measure different behavioral tendencies. It seems that an ego scale measures a goal performance, in terms of social comparison, while a hypercompetitive attitude scale explains the ideological consequences of this comparison in terms of authoritarian and dogmatic thinking. A second study (n=178) tested this difference showing that the ego scale correlated only with a behavioral measure of intolerance, taken from the dogmatism scale, while a hypercompetitive attitude scale correlated with this behavioral dimension and with an ideological factor of dogmatism and authoritarianism.

Christianity and Dogmatism among Undergraduate Students

Religion is often accused of being associated with or promoting dogmatic attitudes. The present study conducted among 554 undergraduate students, who completed both the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity and the Troldale and Powell Dogmatism Scale, failed to find any empirical support for this accusation. Attitude toward Christianity and dogmatism were shown to be unrelated constructs.

The Stroop test for public speaking apprehension: Validity and reliability

This study was designed to test an indirect measure of public speaking apprehension (PSA) because direct measures of public speaking apprehension are problematic in certain circumstances. To this end, participants’ responses to the Stroop Test for Public Speaking Apprehension were correlated with participants’ responses to state communication apprehension (CA), trait CA, imagery control, and dogmatism scales. It was expected that the Stroop Test would be correlated with state and trait CA but not with imagery and dogmatism. Also, since the Stroop Test measures PSA in an indirect fashion, the respondents were not expected to identify the test as a measure of public speaking apprehension. Further, the Stroop Test for PSA was expected to exhibit acceptable test/retest reliability. The data gathered for this study confirmed these expectations. It appears the Stroop Test is an indirect, reliable, and valid way to measure PSA.

Dogmatism and Competitive Relationships Between Soccer Teams

In the framework of intergroup relationships, Social Identity Theory (SIT) and Real Conflict Theory (RCT) both hypothesize a positive relationship between social identification and ethnocentrism in threatening en-vironments. The RCT proposes that conflict for scarce resources between groups determines ingroup identification while the SIT predicts that intensity of social identification leads to outgroup hostility in threatening contexts. An examination of these relationships is undertaken in a competitive sports context with the help of the dogmatism scale. Relationships between Belief and Activism Toward One Cause, as a social identification measure, and Out-group Authoritarian Intolerance, as an ethnocentrism measure were studied across two experimental conditions (neutral vs. competitive). The results describe a positive effect of Out-group Authoritarian Intolerance, measured in the neutral condition, on Belief and Activism Toward One Cause, measured in the competitive condition, validating RCT. The results are discussed based on complementary individual and collective analyses (i.e., dogmatism and intergroup relationship theories) of ethnocentrism.

CHRISTIANITY AND DOGMATISM REVISITED: A STUDY AMONG FIFTEEN AND SIXTEEN YEAR OLDS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

A sample of 802 adolescents between the ages of fifteen and sixteen years completed an Anglicized form of the Dommert revision of the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale and the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity, together with the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory. The data demonstrate that attitude toward Christianity and dogmatism are unrelated constructs, although both are related, in different ways, to Eysenck's major dimensions of personality.

Terror Management in Childhood: Does Death Conceptualization Moderate the Effects of Mortality Salience on Acceptance of Similar and Different Others?

This study inquires whether terror management mechanisms depend on the development of the concept of death. Children aged 7 and 11 years (N = 104) were exposed to death salient or non-salient conditions and asked to rate their acceptance of in-group and out-group children. Death salience was manipulated by asking children to answer the Death Concept Scale before or after rating target stimuli. Children also answered a self-esteem scale, and their mothers completed a dogmatism scale. Death salience led to more acceptance of an in-group child and more rejection of an out-group child only among 11-year-old children. Among 7-year-old children, this manipulation led to a rejection of both in-group and out-group children. At both ages, these effects were mainly found among low self-esteem children and among children whose mothers scored high on the dogmatism scale. Results were discussed in the framework of terror management theory.

Dogmatism and Internet Usage by University Students: Are Dogmatics Late Adopters?

Dogmatism is one of several personality traits that has been quite useful in differentiating between consumer innovators and noninnovators. This study examined the characteristics of Internet users and nonusers, and innovators and noninnovators in regard to their scores on the dogmatism scale. Contrary to expectations, the dogmatism scores of 425 students completing questionnaires were not able to distinguish between the groups studied.

Dogmatism and Eysenck's two-dimensional model of personality revisited

A sample of 802 year eleven pupils completed the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory together with Dommert's modification of the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale. The data confirm the view that neuroticism is the dimension of personality fundamental to individual differences in dogmatism, while extraversion is irrelevant to dogmatism.