Document Processing Research Articles

Introducing digital technologies in person-related services—Support through Social Service Engineering

The trend towards digitalization has made its way into personal services, promising better service quality for customers and improved working conditions for service providers. However, the implementation of digital technologies remains a major challenge, especially for smaller companies. Building on the results of the SO-SERVE project, this paper presents the concept of Social Service Engineering and its practical application in introducing a digital tool in two daycare centers. The software provided to the employees on tablets was intended to support the information and documentation processes, as the design of internal and external information flows and documentation processes in the daycare centers proved to be particularly challenging. The paper presents two exemplary SO-SERVE tools used in the daycare centers: ‘Digitization Checklists’ provide company managers and business unit managers with an overview of the necessary steps for the standardized use of software and hardware within the company. ‘Digitization companions’ are employees who are readily available to their colleagues as contact persons for questions and concerns about working with the new digital tool. An initial online evaluation with 23 educators from the daycare centers reveals that the digital tool and supporting SO-SERVE tools have improved information and documentation processes, and the work situation of employees. Both educators and parents benefit from the improvements.

Menakar Kesiapan Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) Jimbaran Dalam Merespon Kebijakan Relaksasi Kredit

Abstract During the Covid-19 pandemic, there were many problems that occurred, one of which was credit problems. With this problem, the government takes steps to help the community, namely the government issued a credit relaxation policy. This credit relaxation is a loan of credit requirements, both financial and non-financial requirements to provide convenience to bank customers. The purpose of this study is to measure the readiness of the Jimbaran LPD in responding to credit relaxation policies. In this study using qualitative and quantitative types of data, using data collection techniques through the process of interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study are based on data analysis, it can be concluded that Jimbaran LPD has been able to apply this credit relaxation policy, LPD Jimbaran imposed a credit interest cut of 0.1%, providing an easing in credit payments which during the Pandemic Covid-19 Credit is allowed to only pay the interest interest only. Keywords : Credit issues, credit relaxation policies

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PRODUKSI DENGAN VERIFIKASI KEAMANAN DATA DI PT DYNALITE INVESTMEN MANDIRI INDONESIA BERBASIS WEB

Currently, high-speed technology, especially computers based on internet technology, and after reviewing the results of PT. Dynalite Investment Mandiri Indonesia found that companies often lose data because the existing file system still uses written media which is then entered into Microsoft Excel, so the data we receive is sometimes inaccurate and not real-time. Based on the problems that have been described, the authors are interested in conducting research on designing production systems with information security controls at PT. Web-based Dynalite Investment Mandiri Indonesia. The design of this system is based on observations, interviews, literature research, SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) analysis methods, and UML (Unified Modeling Language). The results of the author's research are archive websites using PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) and MySQL as the database and Bootstrap (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) as the user interface. Users of this website include administrators, managers, and directors. We hope that this website can help system administrators in the documentation process.

Description of an interdisciplinary, holistic cognitive rehabilitation program for adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment after acquired brain injury

Purpose Cognitive rehabilitation research has progressed slowly, in part due to incomplete reporting of intervention content and delivery and the difficulties this produces for discerning program effectiveness. This knowledge gap can be reduced by providing detailed intervention descriptions. We document the content/ingredients and therapeutic targets of a cognitive rehabilitation program for adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment. Methods The documentation process used a method of participatory/collaborative research. Discussions with the clinical team identified session content/ingredients and therapeutic targets, which were then described using Body Functions, and Activities & Participation domains from the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF). Domains most frequently targeted by each clinician were identified as Primary Targets. Results Each clinician produced a detailed description of session content, implementation, and ICF-coded therapeutic targets. This revealed that the whole program targets 29 ICF domains, seven of which were identified as Primary Targets: Higher-level Cognitive; Attention; Memory; Emotional; Global Psychosocial, Temperament and Personality, and Conversation. Conclusions Documentation of treatment targets enabled identification of appropriate outcome measures which are now being used to investigate program efficacy. This step-by-step explanation of the documentation process could serve as a guide for other teams wanting to document their rehabilitation interventions and/or establish similar programs. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Incomplete reporting of intervention content and delivery contributes to difficulties in discerning the effectiveness of complex rehabilitation programs. Current recommendations for rehabilitation intervention reporting suggest that these difficulties can be partially overcome by providing detailed descriptions of intervention content/ingredients and treatment targets. Human and physical resources differ widely from one clinical setting to another and the existence of clear program descriptions can guide clinicians who wish to create similar programs. Detailed descriptions of rehabilitation interventions are necessary to accurately measure patient outcomes and generate testable hypotheses about proposed mechanisms of action. Program descriptions are needed for the development of treatment theories and the advancement of evidence-based practice in rehabilitation.

Workflow, Time Requirement, and Quality of Medication Documentation with or without a Computerized Physician Order Entry System-A Simulation-Based Lab Study.

The introduction of a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system is changing workflows and redistributing tasks among health care professionals. The aim of this study is to describe exemplary changes in workflow, to objectify the time required for medication documentation, and to evaluate documentation quality with and without a CPOE system (Cerner® i.s.h.med). Workflows were assessed either through direct observation and in-person interviews or through semistructured online interviews with clinical staff involved in medication documentation. Two case scenarios were developed consisting of exemplary medications (case 1 = 6 drugs and case 2 = 11 drugs). Physicians and nurses/documentation assistants were observed documenting the case scenarios according to workflows established prior to CPOE implementation and those newly established with CPOE implementation, measuring the time spent on each step in the documentation process. Subsequently, the documentation quality of the documented medication was assessed according to a previously established and published methodology. CPOE implementation simplified medication documentation. The overall time needed for medication documentation increased from a median of 12:12 min (range: 07:29-21:10 min) without to 14:40 min (09:18-25:18) with the CPOE system (p = 0.002). With CPOE, less time was spent documenting peroral prescriptions and more time documenting intravenous/subcutaneous prescriptions. For physicians, documentation time approximately doubled, while nurses achieved time savings. Overall, the documentation quality increased from a median fulfillment score of 66.7% without to 100.0% with the CPOE system (p < 0.001). This study revealed that CPOE implementation simplified the medication documentation process but increased the time spent on medication documentation by 20% in two fictitious cases. This increased time resulted in higher documentation quality, occurred at the expense of physicians, and was primarily due to intravenous/subcutaneous prescriptions. Therefore, measures to support physicians with complex prescriptions in the CPOE system should be established.

Sojourn maps: A report of departure and return

These maps were drawn on a sandy isthmus known as the Neck on lunawuni / Bruny Island in Tasmania, Australia. This low-lying, tenuous geomorphology is one that both connects and protects, this material and psychological presence is amplified in the context of rapid climate change. The nature of the change, as a break from largely predictable patterns of the Holocene epoch, is not just about destruction of the environment and its biodiversity, it is also about the undermining of sedentary modes of existence. My drawings withdraw from mapping as a utility. Instead, they emphasize mapping as a process of documentation in discovery. Mapping in this way is not about representing the form of place through projection. It is about creating a drawing practice in movement, one that sees the value of uncertainty in the process of learning and development. My maps reconceptualize mapping as a performative production in a condition of departure and return. They frame mapping within an experiential and subjective manner, opening up a reflective and symbolic potential for practices of drawing, architecture and design.

Optimising the quality of clinical data in an Australian aged care and disability service to improve care delivery and clinical outcomes (OPTIMISE): Protocol for an Agile Lean Six Sigma study.

In Australia, aged care and disability service providers are legally required to maintain comprehensive and accurate clinical documentation to meet regulatory and funding requirements and to support safe and high quality care provision. However, evidence suggests poor quality clinical data and documentation is widespread across the sector and can significantly affect clinical decision-making and care delivery and increase business costs. The OPTIMISE study uses an Agile Lean Six Sigma framework to: 1) identify opportunities for optimisation of clinical documentation processes and clinical information systems, 2) implement and test optimisation solutions, and 3) evaluate outcomes post-optimisation, in a large post-acute community-based health service providing aged care and disability services in Western Australia. A three-stage prospective optimisation study will be undertaken. Stage 1 (Baseline) will measure existing clinical data quality, identify root causes of data quality issues across services, and generate optimisation solutions. Stage 2 (Optimisation) will implement and test changes to clinical documentation processes and information systems using incremental Agile sprints, and Stage 3 (Evaluation) will evaluate change in primary and secondary outcomes from baseline to 12 months post-optimisation. The primary outcome is data quality measured in terms of Defects Per Unit (DPU), Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) and Sigma level. Secondary outcomes are care delivery (direct care time), clinical incidents, business outcomes (cost of quality, workforce productivity), and user satisfaction. Case studies will be analysed to understand impacts of optimisation on clinical outcomes and business processes. As of 1 June 2022, Stage 1 commenced with baseline data quality audits conducted to measure current data quality. Baseline data quality audits will be followed by user consultations to identify root causes of data quality issues. Optimisation solutions will be developed by January 2023 to inform optimisation (Stage 2) and evaluation (Stage 3). Study findings will be of interest to individuals and organisations in the healthcare sector seeking novel solutions to improve the quality of clinical data and support high quality care delivery and reduce business costs. N/A.

ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PIUTANG TERHADAP RISIKO PIUTANG TAK TERTAGIH PADA PT.TRI SAPTA JAYA SIBOLGA

Trade receivables represent bills arising from the sale of merchandise or services on credit. Trade receivables are usually given by sales to buyers on the basis of trust, without being accompanied by a written agreement, except for certain customers such as sub-distributors. The impact of uncollectible accounts is that it causes a risk of decreasing company profitability, which in turn can cause losses for the company. Uncollectible receivables are debts owed by other parties for a business transaction. The type of research used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research method, using secondary data collected through the process of observation, interviews and documentation at PT. Tri Sapta Jaya Sibolga. The following data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and triangulation. In the results of interviews with PT. Tri Sapta Jaya Sibolga concluded that the amount of uncollectible accounts based on the age of the receivables obtained the value of uncollectible receivables as being 1-30 days old, which means current, 31-60 days meaning substandard, 91-180 days meaning doubtful, and 181-365 days means uncollectible, where in 2017 the condition of uncollectible receivables was 9,605,854,106, in 2018 it was 12,002,571,945, in 2019 it was 17,345,325,639, in 2020 it was 8,349,776,069 and in 2021 it was 8,638,971,561.56 The results of the study show that the cause of receivables is the weak credit administration and control system that occurs because creditors do not implement the system based on predetermined procedures.

Documenting Classification Systems: A Case Study and Considerations

There is little literature on documenting the correct application of classification systems. This paper seeks to remedy this gap by describing how Northeastern Illinois University created documentation for their implementation of system that describes Illinois State publications. We recommend creating documentation that is flexible, accessible, and user-oriented. Flexible documentation not only facilitates changes to the documentation, it also allows librarians to take advantage of other uses of this documentation. In our case, the process of documentation produced a near complete listing of Illinois publications and provided the basis for a structural history of Illinois government. Documentation of classification systems not only improves library work, but also assists in preserving artifacts of library history.

Developing wound services through digitising wound assessment: the benefits and challenges in a rural community nursing service

The documentation of wound assessments are an integral part of the holistic care of a patient and form the foundation of effective wound care. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about challenges in delivering services. Telehealth was at the forefront of the agenda in many organisations, but within wound care services the physical interaction between clinician and patient needed to continue. With the nurse staffing crisis hitting most areas, there is an ongoing threat to deliver safe and effective care. The aim of this study was to review the benefits and challenges of digital wound assessment technology in clinical practice. The author looked at reviews and guidance on the integration of technology within clinical practice. It was found that utilising digital tools in daily practice can empower clinicians in many ways. The most immediate aim of digitised assessment would be to streamline documentation and assessment processes. However, there are multiple factors in embedding this type of technology into daily practice that can cause challenges, dependent on clinical area and clinician uptake.

Digital Forensic Tools: A Literature Review

Digital forensics is a process of collection, identification, extraction, and documentation of electronic evidence which is used in a court of law. There are a large number of tools that help us to make this process easy and simple. In this paper, four tools have been chosen to explore and study. The best digital forensic tools have been chosen according to different parameters in each type of digital forensics. The (Stellar) basis tool and (Forensic Tool Kit) have been explored for computer forensic tools while (Network Map) has been chosen for network forensic tools and (OSFmount) has been studied as a live forensic tool. This paper also covers other types of forensic tools like Database forensic tools, O.S. forensic tools, and Mail forensic tools. The role of Artificial intelligence in Digital Forensic tools has been discussed in this paper by using both Decision Stump and Bayes net machine learning techniques. After making an investigation of the IoT device traffic dataset using these two techniques, Decision Stump gives us less accurate results compared with Bayes net.

Digital Medieval Studies: Practice and Preservation ed. by Laura K. Morreale and Sean Gilsdorf

Reviewed by: Digital Medieval Studies: Practice and Preservation ed. by Laura K. Morreale and Sean Gilsdorf Paul Evans Digital Medieval Studies: Practice and Preservation. By Laura K. Morreale and Sean Gilsdorf, eds. Leeds: Arc Humanities Press, 2022. Digital Medieval Studies is a short, 121-page, edited collection that makes an argument for using a specific methodology, known as the digital documentation process (DDP), to document digital scholarly projects in medieval studies. Although it is now common for medievalists to preserve public GitHub repositories associated with their digital projects, DDP is a more structured approach aimed at documenting projects narratively in a form accessible to scholars who are not versed in digital methodologies, including those who are involved in hiring and tenure decisions. Medievalists who have done at least some digital work are the book's intended audience, and its primary agenda is to encourage them to preserve their projects in what, the contributors hope, will become a comprehensive, persistent, corpus of digital medieval scholarship. Except for an introduction by editors Laura K. Morreale and Sean Gilsdorf and a concluding retrospective by Lisa Fagin Davis, the contributed chapters focus on projects that have been archived according to DDP. Although the chapter authors do not go out of their way to foreground the process, their individual articles form an expanded commentary on each project's archiving dossier narrative (ADN), the historical component of DDP. Readers interested in archiving their own projects according to DDP will benefit from consulting the project information in the appendix to connect the content of the essays with the corresponding digital artifacts. In the book's five contributed chapters, the editors offer a commendable range of perspectives, spanning public humanities, research, teaching, and technical approaches. In chapter 1, Deborah Everhart and Martin Irvine narrate the history of the Labyrinth, a 1990s-era portal that collected and presented a curated set of links to resources for medieval studies. The authors take justifiable pride in this early project, which established medieval studies as a first mover in using the web as a vehicle for scholarly communication and for what today is called public humanities. They note, however, that the demise of the Labyrinth project offers a cautionary lesson on the vulnerability of still-valuable [End Page 147] project information to the vagaries of platform evolution. Today there are only two existing archives of the Labyrinth contents: the original hand-edited HTML from 2007 and an Adobe ColdFusion format from 2014. ColdFusion was a web platform that enjoyed some vogue among university IT departments until about 2010 but is rarely used now. This means that the 2014 archive is effectively unrecoverable for most users. In chapter 2, John McEwan describes the digital sigillography project (DIGISIG), which makes the standard print references, upon which the subdiscipline of sigillography has long depended, available in an online form. In doing so, DIGISIG shows these references to be more than the sum of their parts because it invites both extensive cross-referencing and sophisticated hierarchical classification schemes. McEwan also indirectly highlights a more general problem: that of recording, organizing, and searching for information not easily represented in standard character formats such as Unicode text. In this respect sigillography has much in common with the only partially solved problem of digital paleography. In chapter 3, Rowan Doran presents a clear narrative of the life-cycle of the Corpus Synodalium project and highlights the importance of a good set of explicit fundamental decisions in guiding digital humanities projects—noting, in this case, that the project should be "designed for permanence" and "driven by research questions'' (55) and should not "replicate the existing unevenness in availability of sources" (56). In the case of the Corpus Synodalium project, design for permanence entailed a clear separation between format and platform commitments: plain-text data and comma-separated metadata, on the one hand; the ARTFL Project's PhilLogic4 on the other. (Doran's contention that capturing information in the simplest formats possible, such as .txt and .csv, is a key to long-term project data survivability is also a theme of Davis's closing chapter.) Doran is forthright in acknowledging that his project enjoyed an unusual level of institutional support, so...

Using ethnographic approaches to document, evaluate, and facilitate virtual community-engaged implementation research

BackgroundCommunity Advisory Boards (CABs) have been frequently used to engage diverse partners to inform research projects. Yet, evaluating the quality of engagement has not been routine. We describe a multi-method ethnographic approach documenting and assessing partner engagement in two “virtual” CABs, for which we conducted all meetings remotely.MethodsTwo research projects for increasing equitable COVID-19 testing, vaccination, and clinical trial participation for underserved communities involved remote CAB meetings. Thirty-three partners representing 17 community groups participated in 15 sessions across the two CABs facilitated by a social change organization. We developed ethnographic documentation forms to assess multiple aspects of CAB member engagement (e.g., time spent speaking, modality used, types of interactions). Documenters were trained to observe CAB sub-groups via virtual sessions. Debriefing with the documentation team after CAB meetings supported quality assurance and process refinement. CAB members completed a brief validated survey after each meeting to assess the quality and frequency of engagement. Content and rapid thematic analysis were used to analyze documentation data. Quantitative data were summarized as frequencies and means. Qualitative and quantitative findings were triangulated.ResultsA total of 4,540 interactions were identified across 15 meetings. The most frequent interaction was providing information (44%), followed by responding (37–38%). The quality and frequency of stakeholder engagement were rated favorably (average 4.7 of 5). Most CAB members (96%) reported good/excellent engagement. Specific comments included appreciation for the diversity of perspectives represented by the CAB members and suggestions for improved live interpretation. Debriefing sessions led to several methodological refinements for the documentation process and forms.ConclusionWe highlight key strategies for documenting and assessing community engagement. Our methods allowed for rich ethnographic data collection that refined our work with community partners. We recommend ongoing trainings, including debriefing sessions and routinely reviewed assessment of data to strengthen meaningful community engagement.

Documentation of Old Urban Areas for Regeneration Ideas in the Future, Khanaqa Neighborhood as Case Study

Globally, as the inhabitants of urban areas continueto grow, considerable pressure is placed on resources, necessitating the immediate need for effectiveimprovements to theinfrastructure in the area, particularly in terms of shelter, clean water, andwaste. The builtenvironment is asignificant component of urban life. Controlling urban zonesis thus one ofthe21st century's importantchallengesin urbandevelopment, Erbil city is not far from this challenge. Erbil is one of the old cities in Iraq that consists of many old urban areas which inyears they will lose the ability to maintain their physical structure. Accordingly documenting old neighborhoods of Erbil city could play a staminal role in helping future regeneration works. The study conducts a documentation process that preparesa set of layered maps of the existing situation of the Khanaqahneighborhood that help in regeneration works within the area in the future. Khanaqa neighborhood is one of the oldest bad-conditioned areas in Erbil city. Thisarea did notreceive any maintenance or renovation works besides its obvious problems such asCrowding problems because it’s inside the central business district, traffic problemsbecause of the development of the city, lack of car parking, there is no consideration for pedestrian, the lake of greenery, and the exhausted situation of the neighborhood are main problems. The aim of the study is to describe all the problems that faced the neighborhood to be a ready document for oncoming renovation works. The research demonstrates a descriptive methodology to explain the weak and strongpoints of the area through observationofthe condition of the buildings, streets,and facilities in the neighborhood and comparingthem with the standards. The research finds that the area needs to have a comprehensive renovation process to retain its cultural and historical valuesfrom deteriorationand on the other hand to enrich the quality of commercial activities and social interactions in the area.

Data quality assessment in emergency medical services: an objective approach

BackgroundIn emergency medical services, high quality data are of great importance for patient care. Due to the unique nature of this type of services, the purpose of this study was to assess data quality in emergency medical services using an objective approach.MethodsThis was a retrospective quantitative study conducted in 2019. The research sample included the emergency medical records of patients who referred to three emergency departments by the pre-hospital emergency care services (n = 384). Initially a checklist was designed based on the data elements of the triage form, pre-hospital emergency care form, and emergency medical records. Then, data completeness, accuracy and timeliness were assessed.ResultsData completeness in the triage form, pre-hospital emergency care form, and emergency medical records was 52.3%, 70% and 57.3%, respectively. Regarding data accuracy, most of the data elements were consistent. Measuring data timeliness showed that in some cases, paper-based ordering and computer-based data entry was not sequential.ConclusionData quality in emergency medical services was not satisfactory and there were some weaknesses in the documentation processes. The results of this study can inform the clinical and administrative staff to pay more attentions to these weaknesses and plan for data quality improvement.

Assessment and Improvement of Drug Data Structuredness From Electronic Health Records: Algorithm Development and Validation

Digitization offers a multitude of opportunities to gain insights into current diagnostics and therapies from retrospective data. In this context, real-world data and their accessibility are of increasing importance to support unbiased and reliable research on big data. However, routinely collected data are not readily usable for research owing to the unstructured nature of health care systems and a lack of interoperability between these systems. This challenge is evident in drug data. This study aimed to present an approach that identifies and increases the structuredness of drug data while ensuring standardization according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. Our approach was based on available drug prescriptions and a drug catalog and consisted of 4 steps. First, we performed an initial analysis of the structuredness of local drug data to define a point of comparison for the effectiveness of the overall approach. Second, we applied 3 algorithms to unstructured data that translated text into ATC codes based on string comparisons in terms of ingredients and product names and performed similarity comparisons based on Levenshtein distance. Third, we validated the results of the 3 algorithms with expert knowledge based on the 1000 most frequently used prescription texts. Fourth, we performed a final validation to determine the increased degree of structuredness. Initially, 47.73% (n=843,980) of 1,768,153 drug prescriptions were classified as structured. With the application of the 3 algorithms, we were able to increase the degree of structuredness to 85.18% (n=1,506,059) based on the 1000 most frequent medication prescriptions. In this regard, the combination of algorithms 1, 2, and 3 resulted in a correctness level of 100% (with 57,264 ATC codes identified), algorithms 1 and 3 resulted in 99.6% (with 152,404 codes identified), and algorithms 1 and 2 resulted in 95.9% (with 39,472 codes identified). As shown in the first analysis steps of our approach, the availability of a product catalog to select during the documentation process is not sufficient to generate structured data. Our 4-step approach reduces the problems and reliably increases the structuredness automatically. Similarity matching shows promising results, particularly for entries with no connection to a product catalog. However, further enhancement of the correctness of such a similarity matching algorithm needs to be investigated in future work.

Model Pengembangan Bisnis Toserba Sunan Drajat melalui Pendekatan Business Model Canvas

&#x0D; &#x0D; The business model offered to develop a business is very varied with technological advances and the times. This requires companies or business people to continue to innovate in running their business. The process of business development can be done by measurement through several analyses, one of which is the Businesss Model Canvas analysis by combining nine elements that are the initial foundation of the business in its classification. This type of research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach obtained through data collection from the process of observation, interviews, and documentation. While data analysis techniques are used using data education, data presentation, and conclusions. The purpose of the study is to answer, know, describe and analyze the problem formulation; 1) What is the business development model at Sunan Drajat Banjarwati Paciran Lamongan Department Store. 2) How is the concept of Business Model Canvas analysis strategy at Sunan Drajat Banjarwati Department Store, Paciran Lamongan. 3) How is the concept of SWOT analysis at Sunan Drajat Banjarwati Department Store, Paciran Lamongan. The analysis used with the Business Model Canvas analysis approach with nine indicators from an internal and external perspective. In addition, it is strengthened by SWOT analysis which is collaborated on the Business Model Canvas analysis at Sunan Drajat Department Store. The results of the study explained that Sunan Drajat Department Store is a modern retail business that doubles into several businesses, including distributors, franchises, white labels, e-commerce, marketplaces, to business to business. The Sunan Drajat Department Store has actually implemented a canvas model bussines in its development. This alternative strategy can be seen from the strengths and weaknesses that have been analyzed with the SWOT analysis strategy that has been collaborated on the Business Model Canvas analysis so that it provides opportunities and challenges for the Sunan Drajat Department Store to develop its business&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Photogrammetry as a Digital Tool for Joining Heritage Documentation in Architectural Education and Professional Practice

Given the accelerated technological advance in all fields, vast knowledge of digital tools becomes mandatory for future interior designers and architects. Thus, experimenting with as many such methods and technologies must become a priority for the teaching process. Noticing a high demand for digitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Polytechnic University of Timisoara has decided to encourage the implementation of digital teaching throughout disciplines, preparing students for their future careers. Photogrammetry as a study method, among others, has the potential to outrank traditional documentation techniques currently applied in architectural education and practice. The presented research was divided into two main phases: an educational, experimental workshop and a project restoration application. After learning, testing, and refining the close-range photogrammetry workflow, the authors and students took the best practices and applied them to an ongoing facade restoration project in Timisoara, scanning original and restored plaster ornaments and finally 3D printing one of the models. The article aims to show that, unlike traditional teaching methods, using photogrammetry as a documentation process creates a coherent link between theoretical education and restoration practice. Consequently, the exercise brings students closer to the applicable side of their careers through a contemporary digital technique.

Applying Geomatics Techniques for Documenting Heritage Buildings in Aswan Region, Egypt: A Case Study of the Temple of Abu Simbel

It has recently become more popular to involve 3-D modeling and digital documentation in the conservation and restoration of heritage sites. The main objective of the current study is to develop a digital documentation process using laser scanning for Abu Simbel Temple, which is one of the most famous archaeological sites in Egypt. We focus on these techniques to replace traditional methods of building heritage documentation. To create the 3-D model with geographic coordinates and measure the rate of deformation, a precise geodetic network of five points was established around the temple. Then, 52 scans of the temple facade and its interior parts were taken using a Trimble TX6 laser scanner. This led to the creation of a 3-D digital model of the temple that includes geometric, structural, architectural, historical data, and non-engineering information (such as appearance, inscriptions, and material details). The 3-D point cloud model outputs exhibit a 6 mm spacing between the points with an error of 4 mm and a standard deviation of 5 mm. In addition, the temple’s virtual tour included 61 panoramic images. This virtual tour can help to increase heritage awareness, promote tourism, and aid in the future restoration of any parts vulnerable to damage.

TABAYYUN VALUES MANIFESTATION IN NAHDATUL ULAMA AND MUHAMMADIYAH IN ORGANISAZING THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION IN JAMBI CITY

Abstract: This research is motivated by the rise of the phenomenon of negative news and hoaxes received by Nahdatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. Hoax news is not without problems, destructive phenomena in society can be said to have started there, such as hate speech, discrimination, persecution, stereotypes and physical violence. However, the two Islamic groups are still rooted and legitimate in the religious consciousness of Indonesian Muslims. The researcher saw that there was a communication strategy used by the two organizations in response to negative issues thrown at them. So that they are not shaken and remain sociologically influential. This strategy is referred to as the tabayyun mechanism. With these logical reasons, researchers are trying to find out the concept and implementation of tabayyun within Nahdatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah in Jambi City. In order to reach that answer, the researcher used a qualitative research mechanism, by carrying out the process of observation, interviews and documentation. From the data analysis it was found that from within Nahdatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah had the same projection in building an understanding of tabayyun. However, the implementation is different for reasons of socio-cultural differences between the two religious groups. Both of them develop and adopt tabayyun strategies that rely on Islamic ethics in responding to negative or hoax news.