Doctrinal Foundations Research Articles

Book Review: Conversion and Discipleship: A Christian Foundation for Ethics and Doctrine

Book Review: Conversion and Discipleship: A Christian Foundation for Ethics and Doctrine

Book Review: Conversion and Discipleship: A Christian Foundation for Ethics and Doctrine

Book Review: Conversion and Discipleship: A Christian Foundation for Ethics and Doctrine

Conversion and Discipleship: A Christian Foundation for Ethics and Doctrine. By Stephen Happel and James J. Walter. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985. 240 pages. $14.95 (paper).

Conversion and Discipleship: A Christian Foundation for Ethics and Doctrine. By Stephen Happel and James J. Walter. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985. 240 pages. $14.95 (paper).

THE INCOME VELOCITY OF MOENY: SOME THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL ASPECTS

“Velocity of money is a ‘purely statistical concept’ of no causal significance, which varies automatically with changes in the quantity of money in relation to total expenditure,” as concluded in the late 1950s by the well‐known Radcliffe Committee in Great Britain (Kaldor, p. 19). This view, although it has been supported from time to time by prominent economists such as Kaldor and Kahn, is not generally accepted. Velocity and its ‘stability,’ which is closely related to the stability of the demand for money, are considered by many economists to be very important in economic affairs and to constitute an important foundation of the monetarist doctrine.

Notes on Garvy, Snyder, and the Doctrinal Foundations of Monetarism

Notes on Garvy, Snyder, and the Doctrinal Foundations of Monetarism

Laissez‐faire, the 1923 Izmir economic congress and early Turkish developmental policy in political perspective

In 1933 at the height of the world economic depression, the new state of Turkey, a republic then barely ten years old, became the very first of what we now call 'Third World' nations to undertake a planned economy. A doctrinal foundation for state planning had been laid two years before with the official adoption of devletqilik or etatism (statism), which called for artificial stimulation of the economy through government intervention. Thereby the Turks were able to sustain a dramatic economic upturn until the eve of World War II. The inception of Turkey's first Industrial Five-Year Plan has since been viewed by Turkish economists and others' as having signalled an important change in policy, a radical departure from the liberal doctrines supposedly followed during the preceding decade. Yet this interpretation is based in part upon a faulty premise: that, during the first ten years of the Republic, the government in Ankara adhered to specifically laissez-faire economic policies that had been spelled out early in 1923 by a national economic congress held at Izmir (or Smyrna), during the interval between the two sessions of the Lausanne Peace Conference.2 Even at first glance, the circumstances of the Izmir Economic Congress made it quite unlikely that such a gathering could define policy to the satisfaction of any government. Nearly a thousand delegates had been selected to represent their respective occupational groups, and were so divided for purposes of discussion while at the congress. President Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) departed immediately after giving the opening address and left the running of the congress entirely in the hands of General Kazim Karabekir,3 a notorious ultraconservative soon to become one of his most ardent political rivals. Under Karabekir's leadership the congress approved a document called the Economic Pact, that would never be heard of again. The plenary sessions of the congress were dominated by a mere handful of delegates, only one of whom would play a role of any significance in the subsequent formulation of Turkish economic developmental policy. Nevertheless, numerous authors have labelled the congress 'a landmark in Turkish history', which 'laid down the principles of Turkey's economic policy', and 'established the guidelines for state and private sector activity during the first years of the Republic' ,' prior to the official adoption of e'tatism in 1931. Where supported, such claims that the congress had major historical significance have been buttressed only by vague references to the Economic Pact. But, when evaluated on the basis of available primary source material instead of the generalizations of other secondary studies, the congress appears to have been far more important as a source of politically exploitable slogans than as a watershed of economic policy.

Keynes and Chicago

Previous articleNext article No AccessKeynes and ChicagoDon PatinkinDon Patinkin Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Law and Economics Volume 22, Number 2Oct., 1979 Sponsored by The University of Chicago Booth School of Business and The University of Chicago Law School Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/466941 Views: 15Total views on this site Citations: 13Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1979 The University of Chicago Law SchoolPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:George S. Tavlas “The Group”, History of Political Economy 51, no.22 (Apr 2019): 259–296.https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7368860JAMES R. LOTHIAN, GEORGE S. TAVLAS How Friedman and Schwartz Became Monetarists, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 50, no.44 (Apr 2018): 757–787.https://doi.org/10.1111/jmcb.12481Masazumi Wakatabe The Great Depression and Macroeconomics Reconsidered: The Impact of Policy and Real-World Events on Economic Doctrines, (Dec 2017): 237–302.https://doi.org/10.1108/S0743-41542017000035B011Craig Freedman The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter: Chicago’s Climb to Glory, (Nov 2016): 75–121.https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58974-3_3GEORGE S. TAVLAS In Old Chicago: Simons, Friedman, and the Development of Monetary-Policy Rules, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 47, no.11 (Jan 2015): 99–121.https://doi.org/10.1111/jmcb.12170G. S. Tavlas In Old Chicago: Simons, Friedman and the Development of Monetary-Policy Rules, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2014).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2382839 David Laidler Hawtrey, Harvard, and the Origins of the Chicago Tradition, Journal of Political Economy 101, no.66 (Oct 2015): 1068–1103.https://doi.org/10.1086/261915Frank G. Steindl Yale and the monetary interpretation of the Great Depression, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 33, no.44 (Dec 1993): 305–323.https://doi.org/10.1016/1062-9769(93)90001-ZFrank G. Steindl The monetary economics of Lauchlin Currie, Journal of Monetary Economics 27, no.33 (Jun 1991): 445–461.https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(91)90017-I Frank G. Steindl The "Oral Tradition" at Chicago in the 1930s, Journal of Political Economy 98, no.22 (Oct 2015): 430–432.https://doi.org/10.1086/261685Frank G. Steindl Anticipations of “The Great Contraction”, History of Political Economy 20, no.11 (Mar 1988): 65–83.https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-20-1-65Don Patinkin Keynes, John Maynard (1883–1946), (Nov 2016): 1–39.https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1191-1George S. Tavlas Notes on Garvy, Snyder, and the Doctrinal Foundations of Monetarism, History of Political Economy 14, no.11 (Mar 1982): 89–100.https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-14-1-89

Bakke: A Constitutional Analysis

In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke,' the Justices discussed much and ultimately decided little, thus mirroring the popular tensions on the problem of race preferences and scarce resources. Yet the case does have significant doctrinal importance at this stage of our constitutional evolution on race matters. Justice Powell's opinion seems to suggest a new institutional-focused theory for justifying some consideration of race, beyond the familiar remedial context, when relevant to the enterprise. Underlying of the opinions on the merits is the obvious need to clarify our thinking on the concept of discrimination itself, and the emerging question of individual rights versus group rights in our constitutional order. The actual ruling in Bakke, stemming only from Justice Powell's tiebreaking opinion, that race may be a factor but not the factor in the admissions criteria of state universities, has acquired wide pragmatic appeal. It was perhaps the grandest finesse of a searing legal issue in Supreme Court history, but it rests neither on a Supreme Court consensus nor on a clear doctrinal foundation. And yet, despite the dangers of all deliberate speed that we supposedly learned from Brown v. Board of Education,2 the Bakke-type problem may be one where a bit of temporizing is not inappropriate, if we can keep it from getting out of hand. At our symposium at Washington University last November on Race Preferences and Scarce Resources,3 Erwin Griswold observed that the full dimension of the Bakke problem, given the race history

Religious Experience, Emotion, and Belief

In the wake of Kant's critique of speculative metaphysics, many students of religion and theology have sought immediate access to the real and a foundation for doctrine and belief in religious experience. It was thought by some that a mode of experience might be discovered that was unscathed by the activity of the imagination in the construction of the forms and categories, and that would be broader than Kant's exclusively moral account of religion. It is not accidental, then, that the phrase “religious experience” has come to be reserved almost exclusively for aspects of experience that are allegedly prereflective, that transcend the verbal, or are in some way free of the structures of thought and judgment that language represents. The search has been for some channel of cognitive immediacy, whether the chosen mode of experience was volitional or affective.

Recent Catholic Writing on the Resurrection (1) The Empty Tomb Story

The foundation of Christianity, as fact and doctrine, is the resurrection from the dead of Jesus who was crucified,“a stumbling block to Jews and folly to Gentiles, but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God”(I Cor 1: 23-24).Great efforts have been made over the centuries to spell out the presuppositions and implications, historical, metaphysical and theological, of this event, and it is unlikely that anything wholly new will be discovered now. In the last ten or fifteen years, on the other hand, study of the resurrection narratives in the New Testament has quickened dramatically, among Catholics, and it is important for us all to recognize that some divergence of interpretation is now established. Without attempting even to summarise the ever increasing Catholic literature on the subject, or to examine the various problems which the divergence creates, and which the new interpretation involves, it seems worthwhile to delineate briefly some features of the approach to the gospel accounts of the Resurrection to be found in some recent Catholic theology from Germany. The same approach may be traced elsewhere, most notably in major works by the Dominican theologians Christian Duquoc and Edward Schillebeeckx, but since neither of these has yet been translated into English, it seems more useful to limit this survey to three more accessible works: Hans Küng’s On being a Christian, Walter Kasper’s Jesus the Christ, and The Common Catechism. It is not a matter of accumulating authorities for the new approach; it is rather a question of registering how widely accepted the new approach already is.

Foundation of the Natural Law Doctrine

This paper was delivered by Prof. Kelsen in 1963 at the Saltzburg Colloquium on the Natural Law in Political Theory, under the title “Die Grundlage der Naturrechtslehre” and published in the Osterreichische Zeitschrift für Offentliches Recht, vol. XIII, bk. 1-2, pp.1–37 (copyright: Springer-Verlag Wien 1963).

Willing and Value. Attempt at the Systematic Foundation of a Psychological Doctrine of Motivation

Willing and Value. Attempt at the Systematic Foundation of a Psychological Doctrine of Motivation

Catholic doctrine and spirituality and the contemporary understanding of sexuality

A positive, Christian understanding is necessary in the discussion about human sexuality and sexual liberation. However, it cannot be limited to presenting the moral evaluation of sexual activities. A deep doctrinal foundation is needed. This should include: (1) gender identity based on the fact of creation, (2) physical and spiritual, earthly and eternal unity all being the realization of the Christological (incarnational) model. Accepting this attitude leads to the constructive response to the challenges of contemporary world. The claim of integration of all aspects of humanity and accepting the relation between corporeality and spirituality overcomes sexualization and reduction of sexuality to just the physical act, enslavement of the body and devaluation of sexuality and sexual activities and the suggestion that angelism could be an ideal of human maturity. The Christological model presumes harmony and integrity of each person.

The Monetary Theory and Policy of Henry Simons

The Monetary Theory and Policy of Henry Simons

Hittite and Areal Linguistics

One of the European scholars that we have been fortunate enough to attract to this country is Giuliano Bonfante. The great importance of such newcomers for American scholarship is largely based upon the different scholastic traditions that they bring to us. Bonfante, for example, was trained in the Italian school of linguistics-neolinguistica, they call it-which was developed in sharp opposition to the doctrines of the German neogrammarians of the past seventy-five years or so. This neolinguistic method has until recently remained almost entirely unknown on this side of the ocean, and Bonfante's energetic support of it cannot fail to do us good. Fortunately, Robert A. Hall Jr. has recently written an account of the article and the two books that form the foundation of the new doctrine: Matteo Giulio BArtoli, Alle Fonti del Neolatino = Miscellanea in onore di Attillio Hortis 889-913 (1910); BArtoli and Giulio Bertoni, Breviario di Neolinguistica, (Modena, 1925); and Bdrtoli, Introduzione alla Neolinguistica (PrincipiScopi-Metodi) (Genbve, 1925). Since Hall's article appeared in LANG. 22.273-83 (1946), it will not be necessary for me to state in detail what the new method is. Instead I shall try to test its results in some recent work of Bonfante's, particularly in his article in the American Journal of Philology 67.289-310 (1946). This article, entitled 'Indo-Hittite' and Areal Linguistics, is a reply to a note by Albrecht Goetze in which Goetze blamed Bonfante and I. J. Gelb for neglecting my 'Indo-Hittite' hypothesis in a recent article of theirs. There is, then, ample reason why I should come into the discussion. At present, however, I shall merely try to discover what the neolinguistic or areal method has contributed to the solution of the problem presented by Hittite. After quoting a part of Goetze's note and making some remarks about the history of the 'Indo-Hittite' theory, Bonfante states that this theory 'is obviously nothing but a belated survival or revival of Schleicher's stem-theory (Stammbaumtheorie), first presented by that author in his Compendium ... (Weimar, 1861).' Then follow several pages of polemic against Schleicher, with much of which all must agree. The surprising fact is, however, that I have never read Schleicher, and I am too young ever to have heard him lecture. If I have followed his method, I must have learned it from others, and it is not difficult to name these others. I have read and reread the works of Karl Brugmann and his associates, and also those of some scholars of whom Bonfante more heartily approves-such men as Meillet, Schuchardt, and Holger Pedersen. My teacher was Carl D. Buck. I very much fear that Bonfante will have to include some of these in his condemnation of the method I have been trying to employ; although of course none of them are at all responsible for the 'Indo-Hittite hypothesis'. In other words, Bonfante is really opposing the comparative method as practiced by most American linguists; and he must change the general tenor of

Are There Ultimate Simples?

In the course of modern philosophy, there have been several attempts to demonstrate the existence of ultimately simple objects by purely logical methods. One of the most recent of such attempts forms part of the foundation of Wittgenstein's logical doctrine. As Wittgenstein has, until quite recently, been considered the authoritative source of Logical Positivism, an examination of his supposed demonstration of logical simples is propaedeutic to an evaluation of the method of the school.

Open Market Borrowing to Finance the Production of Goods Sold for Future Delivery

Previous articleNext article FreeOpen Market Borrowing to Finance the Production of Goods Sold for Future DeliveryL. W. MintsL. W. Mints Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 31, Number 1Feb., 1923 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/253494 Views: 97Total views on this site Citations: 3Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Harris Dellas, George S. Tavlas The Dog That Did Not Bark, History of Political Economy 53, no.44 (Aug 2021): 633–672.https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-9308897George S. Tavlas A RECONSIDERATION OF THE DOCTRINAL FOUNDATIONS OF MONETARY POLICY RULES: FISHER VERSUS CHICAGO, Journal of the History of Economic Thought 43, no.11 (Feb 2021): 55–82.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1053837219000622Rodney D. Peterson, Ronnie J. Phillips In Memoriam, The American Economist 35, no.11 (Jul 2016): 79–81.https://doi.org/10.1177/056943459103500111