Professional Doctorate Research Articles

Artistic Research: A Vibrant and Ever-Changing Field

This article looks at artistic research from an Australian perspective, with an emphasis on the role professional doctorates have played in developing this field. In 2017, I co-wrote "Two Decades of Artistic Research: The Antipodal Experience," which examined the state of artistic research in Australia at that time. Six years later, revisiting this body of work, I am reminded of how important the training of doctoral candidates is to the expansion and maturation of artistic research. In this writing, I share some best practice theses from the discipline of music, and share some of the tensions and successes in how universities measure creative research output.

Challenges and adversities among doctors in the era of healthcare disruption: Reflection from COVID-19 pandemic.

The doctor's profession is noble and tied up with quite strict rules, both in terms of ethics as well as discipline. Naturally, there is a problem of asymmetrical information between doctors and patients, often leading to misunderstandings. The purpose of this review is to map the available evidence related to the challenges and difficulties faced by doctors in the era of disruption. The evidence indicate that disruption of health services has both positive and negative effects. Many aspects related to the use of technology in the medical practices including innovation, cost-effectiveness, and quality improvement. However, psychologically, the doctors often get frustrated by internal or external triggers. The external factors, ranges from the equipment and work procedures, for instance, using high technology, communication with management, inter-professional relationships, patients, and their families. Volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) could cause stress and burnout. In this case, doctors are highly vulnerable, and consequently, have the potential to make mistakes. Therefore, the adversity faced by doctors ought to be mapped. Resilience is a barrier against stress and burnout and the ability to adapt in resilience among doctors is important factor in dealing with the disruption era.

Labor strategies of graduates of medical educational institutions: predicted risks of the medical industry

The article presents the results of a study of the labor strategies of youth included in the personnel reproduction of regional health care. The authors of the article consider the results of a complex sociological study of graduates of educational medical organizations and specialized medical classes (focus group studies, target survey; n = 1027). The research made it possible to answer questions about the dynamics of professional motivation of young people, to determine labor strategies and reasons for choosing in life planning. The article proposes a factor model of decision-making when choosing a workplace by graduates of medical specialties, gives an assessment of existing workplaces in the regional health care system, conducts an audit of the need for stimulating measures to retain and secure young personnel in the medical industry. The results of the research made it possible to determine the risks of youth labor strategies as a personnel reserve of medicine and to propose directions for their leveling and correction of the situation. An important result of scientific research can be considered the proposed diagnostic complex itself, which makes it possible to establish the dynamics of indicators during subsequent measurements (motivational transformation, change in migration aspirations and labor choice) and to determine the effectiveness of the measures and decisions taken. The result and scientific result of the article is the conclusion about the lack of orientation to the key problems of the implementation of labor strategies by graduates of educational medical organizations from the branch administration system, early pre-professional burnout of young personnel, the problem of regional public opinion regarding the prestige of the medical profession and effective labor strategies of future doctors.

Enchantresses and Enchanters Through the Personalizing of “Magical Agents”: a historical, ethnographic, sociological and anthropological radiography

The personalized interdisciplinary approach to the enchantresses and enchanters as “magical agents” is intended to highlight the imagological aspects of their lives and work. Multiple stereotypes have become entrenched in society towards enchantresses and enchanters, many of them more related to people’s imaginations than to concrete historical realities. In Romania’s past, the number of enchantresses and enchanters in each locality was quite high, a fact explained by the lack of professional doctors. This gap in health care based on scientific medicine was filled by the work of “magical agents” – enchantresses and enchanters – who offered the sick both remedies of magical medicine and folk treatments, especially based on healing plants. The craft to charm was viewed with mixed appreciation, being both criticized for manipulating naive people and accepted by simple country folk for whom it had become an indispensable part of their existentialist tradition. Contrary to general perceptions, the women who were bewitched were not exclusively old women, but also young and middle-aged women. Another relevant aspect is that in the case of the Basarabian village of Cornova, in 1931, the number of charmers was quite significant, being rather an exception in the whole Romanian area.

The COVID-19 pandemic’s risk factors for depression among postgraduate healthcare students

Introduction. The pandemic has generated challenges which impact the mental health of the population, including postgraduate healthcare students. Objective. To evaluate the factors associated with depression in postgraduate healthcare students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method. This is a cross-sectional study with postgraduate healthcare students, with a sample of 117 participants. The data were collected through an online form, between September and November 2021, using semi-structured questionnaires with sociodemographic information and information regarding participants’ mental health, as defined by the DSM-5 Scale, where the depression domain was considered a variable for this study. The variables were tested using the Poisson multiple regression model with robust variance in the bivariate analysis between the dependent and independent variables (95% CI). Results. In the bivariate analysis, there was an association between depression and not having a partner, also a low monthly income, studying for a master’s or professional doctorate and having an employment relationship parallel to the postgraduate course. Regarding the mental health of the participants, the following factors were associated with depression: anger, mania, anxiety, somatic symptoms, suicidal ideation, mental disorder, memory, repetitive thinking, dissociation, personality functioning, and substance use (p () .05). In the multiple analysis, it was found that mania, anxiety, and dissociation remained statistically associated with depression (p () .05). Discussion and conclusion. Factors associated with depression in this population raise the importance of mental health promotion interventions for postgraduate healthcare students, who seek help both through mental health services and through their universities.

Deep learning for the rapid automatic segmentation of forearm muscle boundaries from ultrasound datasets.

Ultrasound (US) is widely used in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. However, the low efficiency and non-uniformity of artificial recognition hinder the application and popularization of US for this purpose. Herein, we developed an automatic muscle boundary segmentation tool for US image recognition and tested its accuracy and clinical applicability. Our dataset was constructed from a total of 465 US images of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) from 19 participants (10 men and 9 women, age 27.4 ± 6.3years). We used the U-net model for US image segmentation. The U-net output often includes several disconnected regions. Anatomically, the target muscle usually only has one connected region. Based on this principle, we designed an algorithm written in C++ to eliminate redundantly connected regions of outputs. The muscle boundary images generated by the tool were compared with those obtained by professionals and junior physicians to analyze their accuracy and clinical applicability. The dataset was divided into five groups for experimentation, and the average Dice coefficient, recall, and accuracy, as well as the intersection over union (IoU) of the prediction set in each group were all about 90%. Furthermore, we propose a new standard to judge the segmentation results. Under this standard, 99% of the total 150 predicted images by U-net are excellent, which is very close to the segmentation result obtained by professional doctors. In this study, we developed an automatic muscle segmentation tool for US-guided muscle injections. The accuracy of the recognition of the muscle boundary was similar to that of manual labeling by a specialist sonographer, providing a reliable auxiliary tool for clinicians to shorten the US learning cycle, reduce the clinical workload, and improve injection safety.

EHEALTH BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19: DOES DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMATOLOGY INFLUENCE ATTITUDES OF CAD PATIENTS, HEALTHCARE STUDENTS AND PROFESSIONALS?

This study aims to clarify CAD patients' attitudes towards telemedicine-and-telecare before and after the pandemic and to compare views with those of healthcare students and professionals (doctors), while taking into consideration the influence of depressive symptomatology. All participants completed a modified version of the Information Technology Attitude Scales for Health (ITASH), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-CES-D and a demographics questionnaire. All three groups showed statistically significant more positive views towards eHealth in the retest condition on all questions. CAD patients held the least positive views compared to healthcare students and professionals in both time points. The majority of the participants from all three groups reported that since their initial examination they still lacked educational experience regarding eHealth. Depressive symptomatology was found not to have an influence on eHealth reports. eHealth plays an important role both in prevention, treatment and care, but attitudes may act as an obstacle in using them. Future research should further investigate in more depth the complex influence of additional sociocultural and/or psychological factors for the reported differences.

THE ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE AMONG DOCTORS, NURSES AND PHARMACISTS IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN INDONESIA

Background: Officers who provide health care make it a priority to ensure the safety of their patients. In healthcare, patient safety is a fundamental principle. Understanding the patient safety culture is one step toward improving patient safety. Patient safety culture is the main foundation of patient safety arrangements that aim to improve the quality of service of healthcare facilities by implementing risk management in all service areas.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the cultural picture of patient safety among health workers in a public hospital in East Lombok.Method: This study was observational and cross-sectional using the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire designed by the Association of Health Care and Research Quality (AHRQ.) The population of this study were healthcare professionals (doctors, pharmacists, pharmaceutical technical personnel, nurses, and midwives) at Dr R. Soedjono Selong Hospital in East Lombok. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to adjust frequency distribution tables to identify variable relationship differences. The results analysis followed the guidelines from AHRQ, and univariate analysis was carried out.Results: Among the 250 employees invited to participate, 238 (95.2%) completed the surveys. The dimension with the highest percentage of positive responses was organizational learning - continuous improvement (91.3%), and the dimension with the lowest rate of positive responses was staff management (42.5%). Generally, the patient safety culture in health workers at Dr R, Soedjono belongs to the strong category (70.34%).Conclusion: Building a strong patient safety culture is essential to improve service quality.

The Motivations, Career Decisions, and Decision-Making Processes of Female Students Studying the Professional Doctorate in Engineering

The Motivations, Career Decisions, and Decision-Making Processes of Female Students Studying the Professional Doctorate in Engineering

Predictors of Academic Success in Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Considering that academic success is one of the most important topics for medical sciences schools and faculty members, this study was conducted to determine the predictors of academic success in students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study was performed on 542 students of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The sampling method was stratified at random. The socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire, Multiple Intelligences Profiling Questionnaire (MIPQ), College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES), Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ-85-PART2), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 16 software. The General Linear Model (GLM) was used to determine the predictors of academic success. According to the Pearson correlation test, there was a significant positive correlation between academic grade point average (GPA) and social support (r=0.10, P=0.048), academic self-efficacy (r=0.36, P<0.001) and there was a significant negative relationship between GPA and total mental health score (r=-0.14; P=0.003) and its subdomains including anxiety (r=-0.10, P= 0.027), depression (r = -0.15, P = 0.002), and social dysfunction (r=-0.12; P=0.010). According to GLM, the variables of academic self-efficacy, and level of education were among the predictors of academic success, so the GPA increased significantly with academic self-efficacy (β:0.02, P<0.001). The GPA was greater in bachelor's students than in professional doctorate students (β:0.76, P<0.001). The significance level was considered at P<0.05. Due to the significant relationship between academic self-efficacy, and educational level with academic success, the promotion of self-efficacy is necessary for all students of all educational levels.

The possibilities of friendship within intellectual life: a journey home in practical theology

ABSTRACT The ‘possibilities of friendship within intellectual life’, and the idea of ‘home’ are at the heart of this account of my journey as a practical theologian. The account consists first of some autobiographical reflections to set the context(s), and second of some reflections on the substance of my work as a practical theologian. I reflect on the nature of the discipline of Practical Theology as I have experienced, practised, and taught it, alongside the wider national and international community of practice and scholarship of which I have been part. Key areas which are central to that experience, practice, and teaching are highlighted. Adult Theological Education is connected to a consideration of the dialectic of tradition and experience; research into the life and work of John Ruskin offers new ways of thinking on the work of a practical theologian; engagement with the development and implementation of a Professional Doctorate in Practical Theology richly brings together disparate elements of a long journey. At every point, in different ways, companionship and community of practice emerge as crucial. The work of ‘finding a critical space’ is fundamental to Practical Theology; and it involves the modification and the rediscovery of ‘home’.

Self-medication and its Impact on Human Health

The purpose of this paper was to examine the trend of self-medication, evaluating its use, drawbacks and motivations behind its use. People were questioned about their background and conditions for which they used drugs/medicines in several studies. Complicated lifestyles, hectic routines, cultural norms, expensive medication, over-confidence, lack of education, selling non-prescriptive pharmaceuticals, and the absence of government checks contribute to the trend of self-medication. People largely relied on self-diagnosis and only went to professional doctors when they had serious problems. Over-the-counter medications were preferred for basic ailments such as fever, headache, flu, etc. People with greater education were more likely to self-medicate because they relied on their own expertise and had easy access to the drug markets. The countermeasures for self-medication involve the services of Professionals and Pharmacists, promoting the responsible use of self-medication and spreading awareness about its risks are the key steps to reduce adverse impacts of self-medication.

Level of Awareness on the Impact of Climate Change on the Socioeconomic Life of a Coastal Community in San Salvador Island, Masinloc, Zambales

The researcher’s interest in their well-being led her to study the level of awareness of the impact of climate change on the socioeconomic life of the coastal communities in San Salvador Island. This study is a descriptive type of research. A descriptive study gives a picture and describes the different aspects concerning a situation to obtain knowledge of nature, states, and development. This current study was conducted at San Salvador Island. It is an island barangay in Masinloc, Zambales, in northwest Luzon. It is an island barangay in Masinloc, Zambales, in northwest Luzon. A 127-hectare fish sanctuary and a nearby Taklobo or Giant Clam Farm are usual attractions to diving enthusiasts. Encourage planting mangroves in the vicinity of the island as part of the extension service of the campus. Conduct a follow-up study on fishermen’s vulnerability, resiliency, and mitigation practices. They are considered priority barangay in the Climate Change Awareness joint project of the PRMSU-Masinloc LDRRMP and CENRO-Masinloc to enhance the fishermen’s awareness and adaptation. Support from the local government unit by having a store filled with more goods and over-the-counter medicines, especially during rainy seasons. May have a routine check by a professional doctor before rainy seasons. Probable additional livelihood to augment needs, particularly during the rainy season.&#x0D;

PERCEPTIONS OF HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS ON THE SCOPE AND ROLE OF FAMILY MEDICINE: A SURVEY ON HEALTHCARE SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN

This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals' perceptions regarding the scope and role of family medicine in the healthcare system of Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students (n=170) and professional doctors (n=130) in Pakistan. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that assessed knowledge, attitudes, and career choices related to family medicine. The findings revealed that many participants demonstrated knowledge of family medicine as a specialty. Both undergraduate students and professional doctors expressed positive attitudes toward family medicine as a career choice. However, a higher percentage of professional doctors had knowledge of family medicine compared to undergraduate students. The study also highlighted the potential impact of creating specialist posts in family medicine in encouraging healthcare professionals to choose it as a career. The study's results indicate a growing recognition and acceptance of family medicine as a vital component of the healthcare system in Pakistan. Efforts should be made to enhance awareness and knowledge of family medicine among undergraduate students, promote interprofessional collaboration, and support evidence-based policymaking to strengthen the role of family medicine. These measures can improve healthcare access, quality, and outcomes in Pakistan.

Correction: “AAPM WGPDMP Report 373: The content, structure, and value of the Professional Doctorate in Medical Physics (DMP).”

Correction: “AAPM WGPDMP Report 373: The content, structure, and value of the Professional Doctorate in Medical Physics (DMP).”

A study on the depression status of pediatric standardized training residents in COVID-19

Objective: To analyze the depression status of pediatric standardized training residents in COVID-19.Methods: The depression status of pediatric residents undergoing standardized training at the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University was investigated using the Self-rated Depression Scale (SDS). Statistical analysis was conducted using R version 3.5.3.Results: The prevalence of depression was found to be 66.6%. However, no significant statistical associations were observed between depression and various demographic factors, including gender, age, emotional status, educational background, possession of a professional doctor certificate, and monthly income.Conclusions: The incidence of depressive symptoms amongst pediatric residents undergoing standardized training during the COVID-19 pandemic is substantial, placing them at an elevated risk for depression.

A Finger Motion Monitoring Glove for Hand Rehabilitation Training and Assessment Based on Gesture Recognition

Hand rehabilitation training and assessment require the frequent participation of professional doctors, which is time-consuming, laborious, and sometime nonquantitative. To liberate both doctors and patients, a finger motion monitoring glove is expected to give a helping hand by monitoring the speed and state of hand movement in real-time. However, the existing finger motion monitoring gloves suffer from low sensitivity, narrow detection range and lack of fabrication consistency. Herein, a highly sensitive finger motion monitoring glove with an intrinsic surface microstructure is fabricated based on the stable printing method, and hand rehabilitation training and assessment are realized with the help of machine learning method. The printed strain sensors achieve a high strain sensitivity (GF reaches 100.69 at 30–50% strain), wide response range (0.1–50%), fast response/recovery speed (71.43/178.49 ms), satisfied durability (function properly after 5000 cycles), and low batch-to-batch variation (within 0.10). These advantages enable the printed sensors to monitor the finger movements quickly and comprehensively, thus making it practicable for hand rehabilitation training and assessment. This work provides a simple and stable method to obtain highly sensitive finger motion monitoring glove, which is expected to make hand rehabilitation training and assessment more convenient and reliable.

#2620 WHY DIALYSIS PATIENTS CHOOSE OR REFUSE KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION AS RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney transplantation is considered the best renal replacement therapy (RRT) for patients with end-stage renal disease, nevertheless, some dialysis patients refuse to be transplanted. Many patients are concerned about their quality of life as a patient on dialysis compared to life with a new, functioning kidney. The results from many studies have shown that patients who have been living with a transplanted kidney for 10 years demonstrate a greater likelihood of still being alive than those on dialysis. For every 10 patients receiving a new kidney, eight will still have that kidney working three years after the operation. So, considering survival alone, individuals receiving a new kidney do better than those on dialysis. But not all the CKD and CKD on HD share the same opinion and a number refuse kidney transplantation. The aim of this paper is to identify the reasons for choosing or refusing kidney transplantation as renal replacement therapy among patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Method We used purposeful sampling because it was more relevant to identify and to select the individuals who seemed in-keeping with the social facts we wanted to study. We wanted to retrace participants’ paths of care to identify the reasons for their choice. Patients who were treated using hemodialysis as well as those who opted for peritoneal dialysis were interviewed. We also interviewed health professionals (doctors, nurses, a psychologist) for their opinions on the nature of their relationship with patients in the decision making process regarding kidney transplantation. Results Data were collected through interviews with CKD patient and CKD patient treated by dialysis. Health professionals, medical doctors and nurses were also interviewed. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The collected data showed that various reasons account for CKD patients’ refusal replacement therapy without positive outcome, refusal to have an allograft. There are also situations such as the lack of organ, the age factor, contraindications to kidney transplantation that not allow some CKD patients to have a kidney transplant. Among the patients who choose kidney transplantation, lots of them have lack of information about transplantation process others see kidney transplantation as a cure which will finally make them machine dependent and a small group see it as a normal process. Conclusion This paper shows that the choice of kidney transplantation depends on patients’ perceptions of its outcomes. Some circumstances, such as the lack of an available organ or specific medical criteria including age factor and malignancy, reduce CKD patients’ participation in the decision-making process.

Rapid integration and student outcomes of virtual, case-based, patient scenarios in advanced pharmacy practice experiences

Background: Many healthcare and educational institutions have continued to utilise technology-driven learning well before 2020. However, there is limited published literature that rigorously evaluates student outcomes in virtually-delivered advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) rotations. This article reports student competency and comfort from eighteen 4th professional year Doctor of Pharmacy students from May 2020 to December 2020. Methods: Students completed 40 virtual, case-based, clinical reasoning cases during each 6-week APPE. A validated expert-generated anonymous survey was administered to students on two separate occasions. Student competency was assessed using expert-generated case-based clinical questions, and comfort was assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. Results: Competency scores demonstrated statistically significant improvements in 40% (N=6) of the domains and non-statistically significant improvements in the remaining 60% (N=9). Student comfort improved in 93.33% of the domains but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Future directions include exploring the impact of virtual cases in combination with on-ground rotations and comparing student knowledge after graduation.

Identification of hazardous substances and occupational morbidity associated with steel and power industry workers in Odisha, India

BackgroundThe steel and power industry workers reported high prevalance of workplaceinjury and illnesses. The study aimed to identify occupational morbidity and workplace injuries in the steel and power industry. The study also assessed various hazardous substances and factors associated with occupational morbidity. MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in a highly industrialised district of Odisha. The survey was conducted using a structured interview schedule in the steel and power industry of Angul, Odisha. The study identified hazardous conditions of male industrial workers (N = 425) in power and steel industry by adoping Probability Proportion to Size (PPS) sampling method. The occupational morbidity were illnesses such as chronic obstructive lung diseases, injuries, back pain, skin diseases, hearing impairment, heat stroke, cancer, and respiratory illness. Information about hazardous substances and occupational morbidity has been collected from health professionals (doctors and clinical staff) through in-depth interviews. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyse various factors of occupational morbidity. ResultsThe majority of workers experienced injuries, musculoskeletal pain and body pain. Other occupational diseases like heat stroke, itching, fever, electric shock, eye problem, hearing problems, and respiratory diseases were identified from the study population. The study found that demographic variables like technical education, occupation, and household income were associated with occupational morbidity among steel and power industry workers. ConclusionThe knowledge of occupational hazards is influenced by socio-demographic variables, which could be intervened with short-term and long-term programs to reduce occupational morbidity.