Doctoral Research Articles

Proyectos interuniversitarios y multidisciplinarios relacionados con el patógeno zoonótico Brucella abortus realizados en el CIB

Desde el año 2009, el Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología (CIB) del TEC ha venido desarrollando varios proyectos de investigación interuniversitarios y multidisciplinarios relacionados con la bacteria Brucella abortus. Estos proyectos se hicieron en conjunto con el Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (PIET) de la Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) y el Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) de la Facultad de Microbiología de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). La mayoría de estos proyectos contaron principalmente con financiamiento de los Fondos Especiales para la Educación Superior (FEES) del Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE). Durante la última década, el financiamiento recibido del FEES, permitió crear y equipar el Laboratorio de Bacteriología en el CIB; realizar trabajos finales de graduación y tesis de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado, en las áreas de biotecnología, microbiología, medicina veterinaria y ciencias biomédicas. También se han publicado artículos científicos en revistas indexadas y se están elaborando manuscritos, como resultado de las tesis doctorales en ejecución.

Valoración del comportamiento de la producción científica de egresados de maestrías y doctorados de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes.

La investigación se realiza con estudiantes de dos modalidades de posgrado de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes y tiene como objetivo valorar el comportamiento de la producción científica de egresados de maestrías y doctorados de esta universidad. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo en el que se trabaja en la confección y aplicación de un cuestionario ad hoc para evaluar las variables.

Urban informality shaped by labor : Addressing the spatial logics of favelas

This doctoral thesis mainly consists of a series of journal publications written by the author between 2015 and 2019. The doctoral thesis presents the results of ten years of research on informal settlements, with particular reference to Brazilian favelas. The research aimed to understand the social dynamics of the production of space in these settlements. To this purpose, the author took residence in favelas and performed field research for a total of six years, including the witnessing of a resettlement process from a favela to a formal social housing development in the city of Maceio, in Brazil. The social dynamics that produces and influences the space of the favelas observed in the field were systematically codified in a new pedagogic tool by the author. As main findings from the analysis, it emerged that labor primarily shapes, plans and governs space in informal settlements. Working activities explain the emergence of these settlements, influence the dynamics of space inside the domain of the house, influence the shape of streets up to the margin of the favelas, but also has influence on city and global scales. From the residents’ perspective, labor represents both a means to earn their subsistence, livelihoods and underscores their inner self-esteem as human beings. Working practices originally present in the favelas were in fact restored in the social housing development to where citizens were relocated, with their original domestic function. According to this thesis, labor practices of inhabitants of informal settlements must be addressed when designing housing solutions for deprived citizens fighting for their survival and must be considered as a housing right. The reasons why the current housing approaches do not contemplate work are understood in context and interpreted according to their historic and economic backgrounds. A housing architectural and planning approach aimed at restoring the combination of working and domestic functions of human beings is proposed instead.

Status quo and reform proposals of professional doctorate education on clinical medicine

The present clinical doctorate system has some irrationalities in the connection with professional qualification. According to analyses of main problems in recruitment, training objective, curriculum design and clinical examination, we proposed some suggestions for carrying forward the comprehensive pilot system: clarify the training objective and improve the overall understanding of reform; improve the examination condition and standardize the recruitment process; improve the curriculum system and reform the teaching method; strengthen the way of quality examination and supervision; attach more attention on constructing tutor teams and explore the way of joint guidance. Key words: Clinical medicine; Professional doctoral degree; Training system; Training quality

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

El emprendimiento agroalimentario y políticas públicas en Venezuela

Recibido: 15 de enero del 2019Aprobado: 1 de marzo del 2019El actual artículo es una investigación que se constituye en un adelanto teórico sobre una investigación doctoral referida al emprendimiento en el sector agrícola venezolano, de ese modo, permite concebir un primer acercamiento al estado del arte, lo cual permitirá construir progresivamente el entramado teórico de salida, la cual debe converger hacia el aporte social – científico. Metodológicamente se abordó desde un tipo de investigación documental, entre las principales conclusiones se tiene que las políticas públicas actuales se circunscriben al fomento de la comuna como espacio productivo, es necesario realizar investigaciones en este segmento con el fin de conocer científicamente el desarrollo, alcance, beneficios, debilidades, para así, potenciar o tomar correctivos que permitan desde la comuna, afianzar el emprendimiento como un estilo de vida que contribuya a transcender el modelo económico del rentismo petrolero en una economía productiva desde lo endógeno.

Definiendo el área de didáctica de las ciencias sociales mediante entrevistas a los expertos españoles en el área: la importancia de la complementariedad metodológica en evaluación de la investigación y en cienciometría

Esta investigación presenta un análisis cualitativo de las entrevistas realizadas a cinco de los mayores expertos en el área de Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales en España, con el objetivo de delimitar epistemológicamente el área, y conocer el estado de la cuestión, como marco para futuras investigaciones cienciométricas de las tesis doctorales del área. Para ello, se analizaron las entrevistas empleando Atlas.ti, y se realizó un sistema de categorías validado por expertos. Los resultados permitieron delimitar el área a las disciplinas que conforman el currículo tradicionalmente en nuestro país dentro de esta área: Historia, Historia del Arte y Geografía. Los expertos resaltaron el buen recorrido que ha tenido la disciplina desde su creación, y su preocupación del futuro de la investigación en el área.

Peer feedback as assessment practice in doctoral programs: a systematic review of empirical research

Within the broad debate on the use of feedback in Higher Education, peer assessment represents a practice that facilitates student learning through interaction and the promotion of autonomy.Starting from the definition of assessment practice – which fits into the broader theoretical framework of the balanced assessment system – the use of peer feedback is analyzed in light of the model we have called AsOFAL (Assessment Of, For, As Learning) and within the context of the research doctorate.The contribution presents a qualitative synthesis of research related to the use of feedback as a practical assessment of students’ learning in the research doctorate, with particular reference tothe use of peer feedback. The identification and synthesis of the research was conducted through a systematic review. 11,829 contributions were extracted without time constraints from the query of several aggregators and databases (ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO). 15 contributions were included in the analysis by means of a text-mining work following a selection of inclusion / exclusion criteria and critical assessment. The analysis of the literature, selected on the basis of contextual and methodological criteria, allowed the elaboration of a first mapping. The impact of the use of this assessment practice and the possible areas of development are henceforth defined.

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

An Online Doctorate for Researching Professionals

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Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

Formas de resistência da religiosidade, da memória e da cultura negra no Amapá: o caso da comunidade quilombola de Mel da Pedreira

O presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre as formas de resistência da religiosidade, da memória e da cultura negra da Comunidade de Remanescente de Quilombo Mel da Pedreira, localizada no município de Macapá, estado do Amapá. Uma comunidade que possui sua história, práticas culturais e identidade marcadas pela religiosidade de matriz afro-ameríndia e posteriormente protestante. O presente trabalho trata-se do resultado final de um dos capítulos de um estudo etnográfico de natureza qualitativa que adotou a pesquisa bibliográfica, a análise documental, a entrevista semiestruturada e ação colaborativa (pesquisa-ação) no âmbito da Tese de Doutorado em Teologia. O fator relevante para a escolha desta comunidade deve-se ao fato da mesma se diferenciar das demais, por não trazer como parte de sua cultura, os rituais de matriz africana e as festas de santo católico, à medida que realiza cultos evangélicos. No entanto, os resultados apontam que embora essa comunidade quilombola apresente princípios protestantes em sua forma de vida, nos hábitos e nos costumes, há evidências de resistência de religiosidade afro-ameríndia em suas manifestações religiosas, pois utiliza a Caixa de Marabaixo e o Tambor - instrumentos símbolos de raiz negra muito utilizado nas celebrações de matriz africana no Amapá.

Planning with self‑organised initiatives

Planning with self‑organised initiatives

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

The contrastive analysis of the characteristics of dental education in Australia and China

The dental education system and the training mode of dentists have a crucial influence on the quality of national dentists. Since 1960s, Australia has been constantly developing its dental education system, and now a mature and efficient mode of cultivating dentists has been formed, that is, bachelor degree of science being the prerequisite, four-year doctorate courses in dental medicine to produce general practice, two-year clinical experience and three-year doctorate courses in clinical dentistry to produce specialists. The dental courses in Australia are mainly composed of four parts: basic dentistry, life science, clinical dentistry model and research. The courses are characterized by a larger proportion for professional courses and an earlier time point for students to step in clinics, the co-culture of clinical and research skills, etc. The assessing method is case report, which means they put greater emphasis on intersection of clinics and lectures. We can learn a lot from their education system. The author compared and analyzed the dental education system of the two countries from background, course length and inclusion criteria, course design and etc, and came up with advice on dental education system of our own, hoping to provide Chinese dental educators with inspiration. Key words: Australian dental education; Chinese education of stomatology; Comparison

Investigation methodology: Origin and construction of a doctoral thesis

En el trabajo se abordan los aspectos concernientes a las premisas que dan lugar a una investigacion como un aspecto relevante dentro de la metodologia de la investigacion. Se presenta el papel central que tienen las tesis doctorales en el logro de resultados cientificos y la formacion de investigadores. Fundamentada en la experiencia, se describe una estrategia de trabajo colectivo para acelerar la formacion de doctores. Finalmente se enumeran las conclusiones de este trabajo.

Announcement of doctoral theses

Announcement of doctoral theses

Investigation and analysis of medical students' recognition of standardized training for specialists

Objective In order to understand the identity of medical students for the standardized training for specialists, and provide theoretical support and policy reference for it. Methods Using the method of stratified sampling and quota sampling, 2 367 medical students were selected from 17 universities in 7 administrative regions of the country to carry out anonymous electronic questionnaire survey. The results were analyzed by SPSS 19.0, with methods of mean comparison, ratio constituent and Chi-square test. Results In the survey, only 231 samples had a good understanding of specialist training for specialists, which accounted for 9.8%. And there were statistical differences between different types of medical students ( χ2=40.5, P<0.05) and different administrative areas (χ2=33.7, P<0.05). 17.0% of the samples have shown that they would take participate in the special training system initiatively; 641 samples (22.9%) had a positive attitude towards the system, and 782 samples (33%) did not. The main reasons for non-support included low treatment (71.8%), long training time for becoming a doctor (87.7%) and the difficulty of ensuring the training quality (59.1%). Conclusion The research can shed some lights on standardized training for specialists including establishing a network communication platform to improve the efficiency, increasing financial investment, setting up a mechanism to link the capital input to training quality to ensure the treatment of trainees, exploring the training mode of combining standardization training and doctorate training to shorten the training period, reforming the personnel system and incorporating specialists training system into the promotion conditions of professional titles. Key words: Standardized training for specialists; Sense of identity; Countermeasure