Doctor Of Historical Sciences Research Articles

EPISTOLARY HERITAGE OF SIBERIAN SCIENTISTS: UNPUBLISHED LETTERS OF A. P. OKLADNIKOV, V. E. LARICHEV, AND A. F. PALASHENKOV

The article examines previously unpublished letters of Siberian scientists from the family archive of the Kazakh scientist-encyclopedist academician Alkei Khakanovich Margulan. The scientific relations between scientists of Kazakhstan and Russia of the second half of the XX century, fundamental research and discoveries in the history of Kazakhstan are systematized. Introduced into scientific turnover 6 letters and 1 postcard from Academician, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Alexei Pavlovich Okladnikov, who identified the local culture of the Paleolithic, Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Age in the steppes of Siberia, the Far East and Central Asia, who wrote many scientific papers on the culture of the first communal structure in these regions, And also 3 letters from Vitaly Epifanovich Larichev, archeologist, anthropologist, doctor of historical sciences, one of the leading specialists in archeology and history of ancient peoples of the Russian Far East and neighboring Manchuria and Mongolia, and 6 letters from Andrey Fedorovich Palashenkov, ethnographer, director of Omsk local history museum in 1943-1957. All these letters addressed to the academician A. Kh. Margulan are new data not published anywhere before. In addition, the study uses materials, memoirs and research from the personal fund of Academician A. Margulan in the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Beginning of the Palaeoeconomics Study in Ukrainian Archaeology (to the 100th Anniversary of B. A. Shramko’s Birth)

Almost all models of the palaeoeconomical researches used by representatives of the world economic science are suitable for studying the economic systems of antiquity. Interdisciplinary research, which combines the techniques and methods of research in economics and archaeology, seems to be very productive. This trend in the English language literature has been recorded only since 1990-ies. In Ukrainian archaeology it originated much earlier. On the example of the scientific biography of Borys Andriiovych Shramko, Doctor of Historical Sciences, the founder of the Kharkiv Archaeological school, who would have turned 100 in January 2021, the formation of the palaeoeconomic direction can be traced. The main problems that were posed and solved by the researcher are shown. It is noted that all the activities of the scientist were «targeted» in nature, i.e. before the start of excavations of the complex of the archaeological monuments in the vicinity of the Bilsk hill-fort, the largest settlement structure in Eastern Europe, B. A. Shramko set himself the task of studying the economic system of the region. The achievements of the scientist in the study of agriculture, cattle breeding, crafts, domestic crafts, construction are shown. To study these branches of the economy, the methods of natural sciences were widely used, i.e. research by B. A. Shramko, since 1960-ies have had an interdisciplinary character. It is concluded that B. A. Shramko was the first in Ukraine who conducted a study of the palaeoeconomics using the method of economic research. Moreover, it can be noted that B. A. Shramko proved the participation of the region he studied in the world-system structures that developed in the early Iron Age.

ANALYSIS OF THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF PROFESSOR SERHIY LYTVYN THROUGH THE PRISM OF BIOBIBLIOMETRY

The purpose of the article is to make bibliometrical analysis of publications and to characterize the main periods of scientific, scientific-pedagogical, and public activity of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Serhiy Lytvyn. The methodology consists in the use of general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, logical method, method of visualization of research results. Methods of selection, bibliographic characteristics, grouping, and systematic analysis of scientific publications are used. Scientific novelty. The total number of Serhiy Lytvyn’s publications and works for 1989–2019, including articles, abstracts, other types of publications (monographs, textbooks, manuals, methodical materials, etc.), journalistic works (articles, interviews, resolutions, statements, appeals, prefaces, etc.) are determined. The distribution of the scientist's publications for the specified period is divided into four types: articles, theses, other publications and journalistic works. Bibliometrical analysis was performed on the basis of 328 published works by Serhiy Lytvyn. The main peaks of the scientist's publishing activity by years both in general and by separate types of publications are revealed. The main stages of his scientific and pedagogical activity are singled out, they were determined on the basis of the analysis of publications. The thematic distribution of publications and references is carried out. Conclusions. Biobibliometrical analysis of Serhiy Lytvyn's scientific work and his public activity made it possible to assess the breadth of his scientific interests, publication productivity, citations, thorough contribution to the development of military history, military affairs, petliurology (research of the Petliura issue), history of Ukrainian statehood and culture, record and archival sciences. The productive 30-year path of formation and development of the scientist and his scientific heritage, that includes more than five hundred works and scientific events, the organizer and participant of which he was, allows speaking about Serhiy Lytvyn as a notable colorful and interesting figure of scientific and educational space, historian, source and archivist, well-known petliurologist, researcher of military affairs, military history, history of the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people in 1917–1921, teacher, scientist with strong research dominant.

«Концептуально мы должны писать не о том, как победили, а о том, как на долгом пути воевали и через потери пришли к Великой Победе…»

Aleksander Aleksandrovich Zdanovich — Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, veteran of the KGB of the USSR and the FSB of Russia, retired lieutenant general, professor of the Moscow State Pedagogical University, the author of several monographs on the history of Russian special services and the Great Patriotic War. He is one of the founding fathers and president of the Society for the Study of the History of Russian Special Services and active organizer of the scientific conference «Historical Readings in the Lubyanka». This interview was agreed upon during the scientific trip of A. A. Zdanovich to Omsk in September 2020. The interview was given remotely and then edited by Aleksander Aleksandrovich from Moscow in September 2021. The conversation is devoted to the current state and prospects of studying the history of the Russian special services.

Вениамин Михайлович Самосудов — человек и ученый на перепутье времен (1926–2010 г.)

In the 1960’s–1970’s, the development of regional historical science took place, which reflected the General trend for the country. During this period, changes were made to the concept of the development of socialist society, which caused the transition to universal secondary education. This transition required the training of teachers of history and social Sciences, which was entrusted to pedagogical institutes. The result was changes in the content of training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in the region. During these years, Samosudov's scientific and managerial career developed. Based on the memoirs of colleagues, materials of archival collections, personal impressions, the author comes to the conclusion that the doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, member of the CPSU, rector of the OSPI named after M. Gorky was a major historian — the Creator of the scientific school. He was a man of his time: a witness to the socialist transformation of the village, a participant in the war, an organizer of education in the region. About how his attitude to society changed during the transformations in the state, reports the test of the presented article

Memory Album: To the 80th Anniversary of Vyacheslav Y. Belokrenitsky

On November 5, 2021, Vyacheslav Y. Belokrenitsky, an outstanding Russian orientalist, doctor of historical sciences, professor, organizer of science, head of the Center for Middle East Studies of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, celebrated his 80th birthday. The works of the scholar on the history and social development of Pakistan, India, the Middle East, on the problems of demography, Islam, international relations and general problems of the socio-political development of the countries of South Asia and the Middle East in the twentieth century are deservedly considered classic. Many of them have been translated into English and other European and Eastern languages and have received well-deserved recognition abroad, while such books as “Pakistan. Features and Problems of Urbanization” (Moscow, 1982) and “The East in World Political Processes” (Moscow, 2010) entered the golden fund of world academic research. The editorial group of Oriental Courier congratulate Vyacheslav Yakovlevich on his birthday and wish him inexhaustible health, inspiration and new brilliant research.

“He Created the Institute in a New Capacity, It Was His Brainchild”: On Bobodzhan G. Gafurov, Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1956–1977)

The article focuses on the memoir of the Director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, academician Bobodzhan G. Gafurov (1956–1977), his work, and the activities of the Institute of Oriental Studies in 1969–1970s. The author shares his memories of Bobodzhan Gafurov and the orientalists’ team of those years, thereby recreating the atmosphere of the Institute’s everyday life at the end of the 60s. The article reveals not only the professionalism of the director of the Institute of Oriental Studies and his contribution to the development of Soviet Oriental studies but also the personality of B. G. Gafurov: an influential and at the same time not indifferent man with an excellent sense of humor. Bobodzhan Gafurov, Doctor of Historical Sciences and First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Tajikistan in 1946–1956, was appointed to the post of director of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences given the sharply increased importance of the East for the Party and his interest in scientific research. A party leader and scientist, Gafurov possessed diplomatic skills and a deep understanding of the specifics of the East. Having made an invaluable contribution to the preservation of oriental studies as a scientific discipline, Gafurov supported the freedom of scientific discussion among orientalists, as far as possible in his time.

“We need for scientific work to become life…” Interview with Albina F. Noskova

At the request of the editorial board of the journal Slavic World in the Third Millennium, Albina Fedorovna Noskova (born 1936), Doctor of Historical Sciences and chief researcher of the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, recounts her life and career path in science. She graduated from the Department of Southern and Western Slavs of the History Faculty of Moscow State University in 1959 and then studied at the graduate school of the Institute from 1961 to 1964. Albina Fedoovna is the recognised specialist in both the modern history of Poland and the problems in the history of Soviet-Polish relations. The principal lines of her investigations included the history of Poland and other Eastern European countries during and after World War II, the problems of Slavic-German relations, and the policy of Moscow in Eastern Europe. A. F. Noskova is the author of several hundred academic works, as well as the organiser of and a participant in many international projects and conferences. Albina Fedorovna discusses her childhood, her parents and teachers, her studies at the Department of Southern and Western Slavs of the History Faculty of Moscow State University, and her work in archives and at the Institute of Slavic Studies, as well as her business trips abroad.

К 70-летию со дня рождения профессора Леонида Владимировича Кураса: традиции и инновации исторической школы ИГУ

The scientific work of one of the famous graduates of the history department of Irkutsk State University, doctor of historical sciences, historiographer, professor L. V. Kuras is analyzed. The process of forming the scientific interests of the scientist, the nature of relations with teachers and colleagues is studied, the breadth of scientific views and professional interests of the historian is emphasized, the role of L. V. Kuras in the development of Siberian and Mongolian studies, and the expansion of the source base of modern regional historical science is considered.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ, ТИПОЛОГИЯ И ХРОНОЛОГИЯ РОССИЙСКИХ РЕВОЛЮЦИЙ И ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В РАБОТАХ А.В. ШУБИНА

The review analyzes the approaches of the well-known Russian historian A.V. Shubin to the coverage of the typology of revolutions and the features and chronology of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War of 1918-1922. Alexander Vladlenovich Shubin is Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chief Researcher at the Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor at Russian State University for the Humanities, author of more than 20 monographs and about 200 scientific publications on the problems of Soviet history and history of leftist ideas and movements.

Рецензия на диссертацию Комлевой Евгении Владиславовны «Сибирское купечество: социокультурные практики в контексте освоения Северной Азии (конец XVIII — XIX век)» (Новосибирск, 2020. 647 с.), представленную на соискание ученой степени доктора исторических наук по специальности 07.00.02 — Отечественная история

Рецензия на диссертацию Комлевой Евгении Владиславовны «Сибирское купечество: социокультурные практики в контексте освоения Северной Азии (конец XVIII — XIX век)» (Новосибирск, 2020. 647 с.), представленную на соискание ученой степени доктора исторических наук по специальности 07.00.02 — Отечественная история

ФОНД В.Д. КУБАРЕВА В АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ СОБРАНИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО МУЗЕЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АЛТАЙ ИМ. А.В. АНОХИНА

In 2021, we celebrate the 75th anniversary of the birth of Doctor of Historical Sciences, employee of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, V.D. Kubarev. The article notes a great contribution of the scientist to the study of the archaeological cultures of Altai and Mongolia, the discovery of more than a thousand new sites of antiquity. Anokhin National Museum of the Altai Republic has a large collection of materials consisting of 747 units of almost all historical periods, transferred to scientists in different years. Among them are several deer stones and ancient Turkic statues, materials from the Bike-I, Ulandryk-I, Jolin-III, Talduair-I, III, Kuyakhtanar, Burata burial grounds. The collections feature weapons and household items, jewelry and clothing items, horse equipment. Many exhibits from the collection of V.D. Kubarevs occupy a worthy place in the exhibition halls of the museum of the Scythian-Saka, Xiongnu--Sarmatian and ancient Turkic times of Altai, were demonstrated at thematic exhibitions. The library of the museum constantly received all the scientific publications of the scientist as a gift. A number of museum employees constantly participated in the scientist’s expeditions and became professional archaeologists. Keywords: Gorny Altai, archaeology, V.D. Kubarev, Anokhin National Museum of the Altai Republic, museum collections

Review of the collection: River of time. 2020. Compiler 
 and executive editor M.I. Rodnov. Ufa, 2020. 150 р.

The review analyzes the content of the collection of articles River of Time, the history of the publication of which dates back more than two decades. In addition to articles, documentary publications are included in the composition of the peer-reviewed publication. Thereby, the initiator, unchanged compiler and editor of the collection, Doctor of Historical Sciences M.I. Rodnov continued the long-standing tradition, the basis of which is a careful selection of the author's team, which on the pages of the collection reveals unknown pages of regional history. New data are given on the founding date of Ufa, the Ibragimov dynasty and the Odintsov family. Of considerable interest are the documentary publications of the materials of the second revision on Ufa and its environs, the uprising of E.I. Pugachev, as well as the publications of the lists of leaders of the Ufa business community and Ufa students of Kazan Imperial University. Undoubtedly, this collection will receive well-deserved recognition, both in Bashkiria itself and far beyond the borders of the Republic

PROBLEMS OF THE NATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN STATE OF THE LATE 19th – EARLY 21st CENTURY IN SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF E.K. MINEEVA

The article analyzes the complex of scientific studies of Elena Konstantinovna Mineeva, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University who celebrated her jubilee in 2020. The relevance of studying the scientific creativity of the professor is determined not so much by the jubilee commemorative practices, but by the importance of the problems studied by her and the significant contribution of the scientist to the analysis of national policy problems of the Russian state. It is possible to distinguish the following directions in her scientific work: studying the basic principles of national policy of the Russian state of the late 19th – early 21st century; definition of the role played by the People’s Commissariat of Nationalities of the RSFSR in the practice of solving the national issue in the early years of the Soviet power; comparative analysis of the process of creation of the Mari, the Mordovian and the Chuvash Autonomies; the development of these national-state entities in the 1920s–1930s E.K. Mineeva’s research significantly supplemented and clarified the difficulties of determining territorial boundaries and the problems of economic zoning in the Volga autonomies during the period under study; peculiarities characteristic for the process of indigenization and formation of management personnel in the autonomies clarified the policy of the national autonomies in the sphere of education and culture. In her works it is possible to distinguish a separate group of historiographic studies devoted to the analysis of the concepts of national and state building in the scientific heritage of domestic scientists. An important contribution has been made by the scientist to the development of theoretical issues in the sphere of federalism and interethnic relations, to the characterization of the peculiarities in asymmetric federation in our country. The article briefly describes the main conclusions of the scientist on the above-stated problems. In conclusion, the article states a significant contribution of E.K. Mineeva in the study of the national policy of the Russian state, the role of a professor in establishing his scientific school, her organizational activity in scientific journals functioning and conducting scientific events.

RESEARCH OF THE UKRAINIAN COSSACKS IN THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE BY D. YA. TELEHIN (according to documents stored in the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archeology, NAS of Ukraine)

The Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine keeps the personal holding of the prominent Ukrainian archaeologist Dmytro Telehin (1919—2011), Doctor of historical sciences, Professor, who studied archeological sites from the Paleolithic to the Middle Ages. The entire home archive of the scholar whose materials are arranged according to the archeological periods was brought to the Scientific Archive. Within the thematic complex the documents are arranged by dates and content.
 This publication is devoted to those documents of the personal fund D. Ya. Telehin, which relate to the study of archaeological sites and history of the Ukrainian Cossacks. TThe collection contains: field diary, copies of scientific reports on archeological excavations, drawings and plans of the area and excavations, photographs and drawings of finds and other documents. Archival materials related to the study of the Sich territories where the Cossacks lived and their necropolises are located, were dated from 1990 to 1994. Dmytro Telehin inspected and researched the following Cossack Sichs: Tomakivska (1564—1593) near the town of Marhanets; Bazavlutska (1593—1630) near the village of Leninske; Mykytynska (1638—1652) in Nikopol; Chortomlytska or as it was also called Kapulivska, or «old» (1652—1709) near the village of Kapulivka; Pokrovska, which was called «new» (1734—1775), near the village of Pokrovsk in the Kherson region.
 The personal stock of D. Ya. Telehin contains the documents that reflect the visit of the scholar to island of Khortytsia, the research of the Oleshkivska Sich (1711—1728), as well as the camp of Severyn Nalyvaiko on Turkachivsky hill near the village of Solonitsa (in 1596), Poltava region. Of considerable interest are the documents about the journey of D.Ya. Telegin to the island of Solovky, Arkhangelsk region where Petro Kalnyshevsky, the last Hetman of the New Sich, has been exiled.
 The scholar’s collection also contains his lifetime publications on the topic of the Cossacks, the layout of the book «Cossack times. Sich Zaporiz`ka» and other documents concerning Ukrainian Cossacks, their places of residence and burial.

Africa: «The Rainbow Period» and Unfulfilled Hopes. Interview with Apollon Davidson, Academician of RAS

Academician Apollon B. Davidson is an outstanding Soviet and Russian expert in African history, British Studies, also known as a specialist in Russian Silver Age literature. He is an author of more than 500 scientific papers, including 11 monographs, most of which are devoted to the new and recent history of the countries of Tropical and South Africa. Graduate of Leningrad State University (1953), Professor (1973), Doctor of Historical Sciences (1971), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2011). Under his leadership, at the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences a scientific school of African history based on archival documents was created. He prepared more than 30 candidates and doctors of sciences, among famous students - A. Balezin, S. Mazov, I. Filatova, G. Derlugyan. In 2001-2002 two volumes of documents “Russia and Africa” [Davidson 1999] were published under his editorship; the book “USSR and Africa” [Davidson, Mazov, Tsypkin 2002], in 2003 - the volume of documents “Comintern and Africa” [Davidson 2003]. In 2003, a two-volume edition of the documents “South Africa and the Communist International” [Davidson, Filatova, Gorodnov, Johns 2003] was published in London in English, and in 2005-2006 - the fundamental three-volume “History of Africa in Documents” [Davidson 2005-2006]. In 1988, he participated in the South African program at Yale University. In 1991, he lectured for several months at universities in South Africa and worked in the archives of this country. In 1992-1993 he worked at the Rhodes University, in 1994-1998 organized and chaired the Center for Russian Studies at the University of Cape Town. In 1981-1991 he visited Ethiopia, Angola, Lesotho, Botswana and several times - Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa. From 1977 to 1991 he participated in the Soviet-American Dartmouth conferences as an expert on Africa. In his interview he talks about the outcome of decolonization for southern Africa, the actual problems of the modern development of the continent, the role of China in Africa, and the Afro-Asianization of the world. Special attention is paid to the problems and prospects of the development of Soviet and Russian African studies and Russian-African relations.

The Cultural Aspect of M.B. Kenin-Lopsan Scientific Work

The article is devoted to some aspects of the scientific work of the outstanding Tuvan writer Mongush Borakhovich Kenin-Lopsan, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Peoples Writer of the Republic of Tyva, Honored Worker of Culture of the Tuva Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Tuva, Full Member of the New York Academy of Sciences, holder of the international title Living Treasure of Shamanism. Being the permanent president of the republican society of shamans Dungur and the only connoisseur of the secret knowledge of the ancient religion at the moment, he reveals to the reader its basic ideological concepts, explains the essence of ritual practice and attributes of shamans. The scientific works of M. Kenin-Lopsan are gaining more and more value in connection with the new phenomena of neoshamanism, the inclusion in the traditional system of innovations that distort the understanding of the national religion of Tuvans. A study of his works leads us to the conclusion that the scientist reveals the general features of the ancient culture of the SayanAltai Turks of the pre-Mongol period of Tuva. He recorded the unique stories of the best connoisseurs of folklore and traditions of Tuvans during the Soviet era, when interest in traditional culture was considered as a manifestation of nationalism

From the concept of Fate to the Theory of Generations (to the 75th Anniversary of the Professor Vanchikova Tsymzhit Purbuevna)

The article examines the creative path of Tsymzhit Purbuevna Vanchikova, doctor of historical sciences, professor, chief researcher of the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan studies of the SB RAS, an Honored researcher of the Republic of Buryatia, whose 75th anniversary will be celebrated by the scientific community. Ts. P. Vanchikova gave 52 years to her native Institute, having prepared many monographs, articles, reviews and dozens of graduates, being the head of many scientific projects and international grants, a regular participant of numerous international forums. At the same time, the peculiarity of the researcher’s biography is shown not through the prism of a dynasty of Orientalists, but through the concept of fate. That is, her work is considered as a predetermined and logical continuation of the creative path of her father, a well-known source scholar, historiographer and a specialist in the study and publication of medieval texts, candidate of historical sciences Purbo Baldanzhapov, with whom the hero of the day has joint publications. In turn, this family tradition and predestination, which has been passed on to the daughter of the hero of the day, Tatyana Sergeevna, which fits perfectly into the 100-year cycle of the theory of generations. That is why the article also features the future lawyer-the favorite grandson of the anniversarian. Keywords: Professor Vanchikova Tsymzhit Purbuevna, the Center of Oriental manuscripts and xylographs, source studies, study and publication of medieval texts, historiography, Mongolian studies

Contribution Of Academician D.Y. Yusupova In The Development Of Science Source Studies

The article is devoted to the contribution of the famous Uzbek orientalist, doctor of historical sciences, academician Yusupova Dilorom Yunusovna to the development of source studies. It contains information about the life and work of D.Yu. Yusupova. In particular, the importance of scientific research conducted by a scientist and published scientific works is emphasized. The article also provides information on the traditions of the scientific school created by the scientist.

University as Destiny: To the 65th Anniversary of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor S.G. Sidorov

The article is prepared for the 65th anniversary of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Russian and World History, Archaeology of Volgograd State University Sergey G. Sidorov. The article traces the biography of S.G. Sidorov, his pedagogical, scientific, and administrative activities. It is shown that fundamental foundations of the future pedagogical and scientific work of S.G. Sidorov were laid at the Faculty of History of Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky, from which he graduated in 1981. Most of Sergey Grigoryevichs life is connected with Volgograd State University, where he has been working since 1986. He combined teaching historical disciplines with the administrative work. S.G. Sidorov was Vice-rector for Academic Affairs for 25 years. Being in this position he has done a lot to make Volgograd State University a leader in the region in training highly qualified specialists. S.G. Sidorov is one of the leading experts on the history of the Great Patriotic War. He is the author of the first fundamental comprehensive study of using labor of prisoners of war of the Second World War in the national economy of the USSR in 1939–1956. With his active participation, six volumes of Documents and Materials “Prisoners of War in the USSR. 1939–1956” were published. Since 2009, S.G. Sidorov has been the Head of the Dissertation Council on Historical Sciences at Volgograd State University. From 2014 to 2020, largely due to the efforts of S.G. Sidorov, Volgograd State University held five International Thematic Scientific Conferences “Military History of Russia: Problems, Searches, Solutions”.