Divine Sources Research Articles

CHALLENGES IN CREATIVITY DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT: EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS

The article examines the complex nature of creativity with the goal to project implications for educational settings, starting from its historical evolution, and the challenges associated with its definition and measurement. The study aims at reviewing the main approaches to defining the concept of creativity with a particular focus on educational settings application. Creativity, once attributed to divine sources, is now recognized as a multifaceted human capacity encompassing cognitive, conative, and environmental factors. The research spans various definitions and assessments, including personality and biographical inventories, behavioral tests, and both objective and subjective evaluations of creative outputs. Creativity theories are highlighted, emphasizing creativity's presence across multiple domains. Despite the plethora of testing methods, the paper critiques the dichotomous view of creativity as simply present or absent, advocating for a nuanced understanding that encompasses its varied degrees and dimensions. The study further stresses the importance of considering individual traits and contextual factors as part of a dynamic interplay that influences creativity. For educators, these findings underscore the need for professional development that addresses the broad scope of creative competencies, encouraging a holistic approach to fostering creativity in students. The paper concludes with recommendations for developing clear operational definitions for creativity that can lead to more consistent and reliable assessments within educational research and practice.

The iSPAC

Special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs) are one of the most celebrated investment vehicles in recent years. Relative to traditional IPOs, SPACs are much more cash-strapped and speculative. Resultantly, the scope for SPACs remains sparse for certain segments of the financial system notwithstanding the SPAC euphoria surrounding the financial markets: one notable exception is Islamic banking and finance. The Islamic banking business model is based upon the ethical ontologies and epistemologies – informed by the divine sources of Quran and Sunnah: the Shariah – operating with the mandate to promote socio-economic justice through a fair redistribution of wealth while embargoing speculative trading or investments and adopting a risk-sharing model between economic agents. Unsurprisingly, – owing to the speculative nature of SPACs – the Islamic finance industry remains reluctant to participate in the SPAC-mania despite the frenzy engulfing global securities markets. This work addresses the misaligned incentives inherent in a conventional SPAC structure and proposes alternative SPAC structure terms i.e., the iSPAC, which potentially mitigates the noted misaligned incentives and offers less dilutive SPAC terms to shareholders. Specifically, iSPAC structure terms address the issues of speculation (gharar), information asymmetry, and transparency in the pre-IPO phase, which may lead to adverse selection and moral hazard. Equally, the proposed structure reconciles post-IPO operational and investment-related risks such as the treatment of proceeds, interest rate (riba), opportunity costs, and management costs in consort with unethical behavior i.e. cashing-out opportunities that may lead to uneven redistribution of wealth thereby, widening the socio-economic voids in the society.

INTERPRETATION OF UNIVERSAL VALUES IN NAVOI'S CREATION

The thinker poet Alisher Navoi'swork was inspired by divine sources as well as by the work of his predecessors. Among them, the epic "Hibat ul-haqayq" by the writer Ahmed holds a special place. The article discussed the views of the poet about Adib Ahmed. Also, the views that Navoi was influenced by Adib's works were clarified.

Classic friendship and the image of “ashik-mashuqa raqib”

This article discusses the classical epic tradition, and the principles of image creation within this tradition. In the epic “Khamsa”, which played an important role in the work of Alisher Navoi, we can see a new interpretation of historical and traditional images. The article analyzes the image of “lover-rival”, which was originally based on divine sources.

The place of the image "Ashik-Mashuqa-Raqib" in mythological sources

In this article, we will focus on the fact that the image of the "lover-rival" in mythological sources has changed as a system. We have tried to show that the same change in the system of the Trinity is due to the fact that the messages from the divine sources are distorted and distorted.

“Yusuf va Zulayxo” dostonlaridagi obrazlar tizimi

The article is devoted to the analysis of the figurative system of the epic "Yusuf and Zulaikha". In world literature, to a certain extent, travel stories based on divine sources and sources of enlightenment are studied, including the story of Yusuf and Zulaikha, described as "ahsan-ul-qisas". But each era poses unique scientific challenges for researchers. To find the correct scientific and theoretical solution, it is important to pay attention to the root of the problem - the analysis of primary sources, the genesis of the studied literary issue and the study of all processes of text formation. The study of the epics of Yusuf and Zulaikha in this aspect is one of the important tasks of textual criticism. The article compares and analyzes the translation of the Agahi of the epic "Yusuf and Zulaikha" by Abdurahman Jami, a series of epics by Durbek, Mirzo Olim Devon and Yusuf, as well as a series of images in the stories of Nurmukhammad Andalib.

التبني بين الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الإندونيسي

The evolution of poverty has been an emerging economic and social phenomenon which poses the attention of national and international government and developmental organizations in Muslim and non-Muslim countries to initiate various strategies and programs for the poverty alleviation. In Islam, it is crucially important to cater for the wellbeing of the people in a society so that it would positively constitute socio-economic development, political stability and religion propagation. This study aims to explore the poverty alleviation measures prescribed in Islam as a collective solution to several calamities. For this purpose, deductive research method is adopted to articulate the major maqassid of Quran and Sunnah in eradicating poverty as the two primary sources of Shariah explicitly and implicitly encompass all the aspects of life most especially the livelihood wellbeing in accordance with Shariah objective of wealth protection. The study is significant as it will revive Muslims’ intuition to refer back to the teachings from the divine sources to ensure socio-economic development and sustainability.

الوحـــــــــی فـی القــــرآن والســــنة

ملخص البحث: تأتي أهمية هذه الدراسة والتي هي بعنوان (الوحي في القرآن والسنة النبوية)، ذلک أنه لا سبيل للعقل إلى معرفة عالم الغيب والإلمام بأسراره وخصائصه إلا بالوحي، ومعرفة حقيقة الوحي هي الأساس الذي يترتب عليه جميع حقائق الدين بعقائده وتشريعاته، فهو رکن النبوة وطريق نزول الرسالات على قلوب الأنبياء، وأن إثبات الوحي هو إثبات لنبوة خاتم النبيين محمد ﷺ، وإشهاد للبراهين على صحة الدين الإسلامي وإلهية مصدره، ولحاجة المسلمين والشباب خاصة لمعرفة الوحي، ودلائله وآثاره، ليزداد إيمانهم، ويرسخ يقينهم بعقيدتهم ، ويدعم صمودهم في معارک الفکر الضارية، لذا نجد أن ظاهرة الوحي والنبوة تعد من أخطر القضايا التي اهتم بها المشککون في الإسلام من المستشرقين وغيرهم بالبحث والدراسة، وبذلوا جهدا مضنيا من أجل التلبيس في حقيقة الوحي، وذلک لعلمهم بأن موضوع الوحي هو منبع يقين المسلمين وإيمانهم بما جاء به محمدا ﷺ من عند الله تعالى ، فلئن أتيح تشکيکهم بحقيقته، أمکن تکفيرهم بما يتفرع عنه من عقائد وأحکام، لذا توجب العناية بهذا الموضوع، ولقد وقفت على کيفية تناول القرآن الکريم والسنة النبوية لموضوع الوحي والفرق بينهما، والتأکيد على أن الوحي ليس قرآنا فقط، وإنما هو قرآن وسنة، وأنهما في التشريع سواء، ولقد خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى الإجابة على التساؤلات التي طرحت مؤخرا عن وحي الله تعالى، ما الحاجة إليه؟ وکيفية الوحي وکيفية تلقيه، وإبراز أهميته ببيان جميع جوانبه، فأثبت في هذا البحث بالأدلة والبراهين الدينية والعلمية والمنطقية ظاهرة الوحي وإمکانية وقوعه، وقمت برد الطعون والشبهات التي أثارها المشککون من المستشرقين والملحدين حول وحي الله تعالى، والإلمام بجوانب موضوع (الوحي) بصورة کاملة وبشکل مفصل حتى لا يبقى هناک أي حيز للتشکيک في هذه الظاهرة العظيمة. Revelation in the Holy Qur'an and Sunnah By: Badreya Mohammed Mahmoud Bahnasawy Assistant Professor of Hadith and its Sciences Faculty of Islamic and Arabic Studies for Women -Azhar University E-mail: Badriamahmoud.2057@azhar.edu.eg Abstract The importance of this research, entitled (Revelation in the Holy Qur'an and Sunnah), rises from the fact that there are no means for the mind to approach the unseen world, its properties or its secrets rather than through revelation. Recognizing the truth of revelation constitutes the basis upon which all facts about religion, its creed and legislations rely. Revelation is considered the cornerstone of prophethood and the way through which all the divine messages were revealed to prophets and messengers. Acknowledging revelation entails a recognition of the truth of Prophet Muhammad's (Peace be upon him) message, as the seal of all prophets and messengers as well as the authentication of the religion of Islam and its divine sources. Accordingly, Muslims; especially the Muslim youth, need to know about revelation and its influence to grow more confident of their creed and faith in their intense intellectual struggles. Hence, we find out that revelation and prophethood represent two serious issues which occupied the minds of the orientalists who doubted Islam and exerted great efforts so as to raise doubts against the truth of revelation. Those orientalists knew that revelation represents, for Muslims, a source of their unshaken belief of what prophet Muhammad peace be upon him conveyed after Almighty Allah. If the orientalists succeeded in raising doubts about the truth of revelation, they would become able to dissuade the Muslims and turn them into unbelievers. Therefore, it has become necessary to highlight the topic of revelation and the researcher thought of handling the topic in the Holy Qur'an and Sunnah emphasizing the fact that revelation is not only a sort of Qur'an but also a kind of Sunnah and both have equal weight in legislation. Finally, the research managed to find satisfactory answers to the inquiries about the need for revelation, how it descended and how it was received, and the importance of clarifying it in all respects. The research has proved in all religious, scientific and logical evidence the phenomenon of revelation, the possibility of its descendance. Likewise, the researcher has responded in an appropriate way and in details to all the suspicions and appeals raised by the doubting orientalists and atheists against the revelation of Almighty Allah in order not to leave any space for doubts in the future.

Poverty Eradication in the Light of Quran and Sunnah: A Maqassid Approach

The evolution of poverty has been an emerging economic and social phenomenon which poses the attention of national and international government and developmental organizations in Muslim and non-Muslim countries to initiate various strategies and programs for the poverty alleviation. In Islam, it is crucially important to cater for the wellbeing of the people in a society so that it would positively constitute socio-economic development, political stability and religion propagation. This study aims to explore the poverty alleviation measures prescribed in Islam as a collective solution to several calamities. For this purpose, deductive research method is adopted to articulate the major maqassid of Quran and Sunnah in eradicating poverty as the two primary sources of Shariah explicitly and implicitly encompass all the aspects of life most especially the livelihood wellbeing in accordance with Shariah objective of wealth protection. The study is significant as it will revive Muslims’ intuition to refer back to the teachings from the divine sources to ensure socio-economic development and sustainability.

Opposing Laws with Religious Reasons

Opposing Laws with Religious Reasons

An Unlikely Champion of Women’s Rights under Muslim Personal Law: Mawdūdi on the Anglo-Muhammadan Law

Sayyid Abul Ala Mawdūdi was one of the most renowned Muslim scholars of the 20th century. In addition to his portrayal as a gender insensitive / women unfriendly scholar, he is regarded as one of the founding fathers of political Islam in the modern era for developing a comprehensive political theory of Islam. Mawdūdi was a prolific writer who wrote on a wide array of subjects, although there are some areas in which his contributions have never attracted the academic attention they deserve. With this background, this paper analyzes Mawdūdi’s book Huquq al-Zawjayn written during the British Rāj which has generated debates in the post-colonial legal landscape of Pakistan about some important issues related to women’s rights in marriage. Mawdūdi expressed unflinching disapproval of his contemporary Muslim scholars for their parasitic imitation of the rules of fiqh and their hesitation to have recourse to the divine sources, that is, Qur’ān and Sunnah for ushering solutions of then prevalent religious and social vices. Additionally, he criticized sternly the British Raj and the byproduct of its legal apparatus in the domain of family law, that is, the Anglo-Muhammadan law. Consequently, Mawdūdi presented a model for Muslim personal law inspired by and reconstructed from Qur’ānic verses and sayings of the Holy Prophet (SAW).Keywords: , , , ,

Konsep Pendidikan Islam Ibn Thufail

In this postmodern era, an era of technological sophistication is the culmination, Islamic education always has its own appeal to continue to be studied more deeply and comprehensively. It is interesting to know, that Islamic education in particular is the brainchild of Islamic scientists, both Western and Eastern. One of them is Ibn Thufail, an Andalusian (Spanish) thinker and philosopher of Islam. His full name is Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn ‘Abd al-Malik Ibn Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Thufail al-Qaisyi al-Andalusi. The concept of Ibn Thufail's education is related to the problem of sources and methods of acquiring knowledge. Related to Ibn Thufail's source of knowledge divides into two, namely human sources (physics) and divine sources (metaphysics). Whereas the method of acquiring knowledge that was conceived was a method based on ratio, senses and intuition or soul.

An Unlikely Champion of Women’s Rights under Muslim Personal Law: Mawdudi on Anglo-Muhammadan Law

Sayyid Abul Ala Mawdudi was one of the most renowned Muslim scholars of the 20th century. In addition to his portrayal as gender insensitive/women unfriendly scholar, he is regarded as one of the founding fathers of political Islam in modern era for developing a comprehensive political theory of Islam. Mawdudi was a prolific writer who wrote on a wide array of subjects: there are some areas in which his contributions have never attracted such academic attention they deserve. With this background, the paper analyzes Mawdudi’s book Huquq al-Zawjayn written during British Raj which has generated debates in post-colonial legal landscape of Pakistan on some important issues related to women rights in marriage. Mawdudi expressed unflinching disapproval of contemporary Muslim scholars for their parasitic imitation of rules of fiqh and hesitation to have recourse to the divine sources, i.e. the Quran and Sunnah, for ushering solutions of then prevalent religious and social vices. Additionally, he criticized sternly British Raj and the byproduct of its legal apparatus in the domain of family law, i.e. Anglo-Muhammadan law. Consequently, Mawdudi presented a model for Muslim personal law inspired by and reconstructed from the Quranic verses and sayings of the Holy Prophet.

Halal Criteria Versus Conventional Slaughter Technology.

Simple SummaryWhile legislation can be implemented, amended or revoked according to the requirements of a given time period, this is very difficult or even impossible with religious laws due to their sanctity. Faithful Muslims believe in the sanctity of the main Islamic laws (Quran and Hadiths) because, according to them, they originated from heavenly and divine sources (God and his prophet Muhammad). The technological means of the meat industry are constantly evolving to meet the requirements of the present day and may sometimes be inconsistent with ancient religious norms. Recently, greater attention has been paid to the halal meat industry due to the increased size of the Muslim community in Europe; the opportunity of producing and exporting meat and meat products to the Islamic world; and the ease of delivery, trade and transport. The purpose of this study is to highlight some of the controversial aspects of modern technological means and the principles of the halal meat industry. The controversial aspects that this study deals with include the practices of modern slaughter (animal fasting prior to slaughter, the animal’s body position during slaughter, the location of the incision during bleeding, stunning and mechanical slaughtering). This review may contribute to raising awareness among producers and consumers and to finding means of technology compatible with halal criteria.The halal meat industry is today a reality in many regions of the world, including the European Union. The main religious laws in the area of halal meat production were legislated in ancient times and may be unchangeable due to their sanctity perceived by faithful Muslims, while the modern technology used in the meat industry is constantly evolving and being updated. The objective of this study is to highlight the points of controversy between the principles of halal and the technological means currently used in the meat industry. Modern slaughter practices, including animal fasting prior to slaughter, animal body position, the location of the incision during slaughter, stunning and mechanical slaughter, are reviewed. The purpose of preslaughter feed availability according to halal criteria could be to ensure greater welfare for animals, though feed withdrawal is necessary today. Although there is no clear unified opinion among the Islamic sects, reversible stunning of animals is generally accepted. A neck cut at a higher position than the conventional low cut in cattle may reduce the compromise in welfare (the onset of unconsciousness), minimise false aneurysm and be compatible with halal criteria. This study may contribute towards consideration being given to technology that is not in conflict with the religious legislation, while at the same time meeting the requirements of the modern meat industry.

An Alternative Model in Financial Reporting to Reduce Flaws and Injustice with Stakeholders

Seemingly, a formidable ethical challenge to financial reporting is the phenomenon of fallacious and discretional financial reporting as currently in practice. Such untruthful reporting intensified during the first decade of the 21st century when many of the personnel got involved to increase their personal benefits and the result was a wide-spread financial fiasco in the form of MCI WorldCom, Enron, Well Fargo, and Tesco accounting scandal, to mention a few. Most of the scandals were cause by false reporting, withholding information about financial troubles, revenue and earnings inflation, discretional revenue and expense recognition, use of off-balance-sheet items, artificial increase of cash flow and profits, backdating of sales contracts and accounting for vendors allowances and financing. The research in hand is an attempt to discuss such issues in the light of ethical and moral values that are not only recommended teachings of Islam, but also accepted business ethics in the civilized world. Islamic ethical guidelines for business encompass discipline and rules as enjoined in the divine sources of Shar¯ı‘ah - Qur’¯an and Sunnah (sayings of or the approved actions by the holy Prophet Muhammad PBUH). Implementation of these guidelines to make financial reporting ethical should be acceptable to the entire world, at personal, organizational, and society levels for broad based benefits of the mankind.

The theoretical implanting of the concept of political ignorance in Islamic political thought

The political ignorance is an integral concept in political Islamic thought, the research shows that concept is theoretical determination among legitimate assumptions and illustrate its conceptual roots and determinate its indication features, represented by Holy Quran and Honorable Prophet Traditions (Sunnah) described by the principle sources for the political and Islamic sources, from these two divine sources , the political thinkers has derived the concept of political and an endoscopy and analysis of , the study require to divide the thesis into two demand , the first is : the concept of political ignorance in Holy Quran and Honorable Prophet Traditions (Sunnah), the second demand : the conceptualization of the concept of political ignorance

Communication in Art Song and Literature: Poems versus Novels

The primary urge of a poet or writer is to create according to his inspiration but close to it is the urge to communicate with the reader. A singer requires hearer, a painting requires connoisseur. Well, even without the other parties, a poem and a painting may be created or a song may be sung. Think of the wind flowing through the reeds or bamboo grove or a bird’s song reaching the ethereal height creating a symphony in the air which is perhaps enjoyed by the silent Nature. Nature exactly does that. It is neither responsible nor obliged to tell man what it enjoys, how it enjoys itself but when a man hears them they become songs touching the heart of the pure sympathizers away from the hullabaloo of the mundane world. Go further and there are the unheard songs, unheard sounds; they are very much there for every sound comes out of silence. When Nature creates such things on its own without waiting for anybody to appreciate the things remain unknown until someone hears or looks at them. Man creates to communicate. If we consider songs it is definitely a field for communication between the singer and the hearer. Man’s creation may be said to be, in general term, artificial whereas Nature’s creation is natural. Nature recreates itself Man creates imitating Nature or otherwise. But I don’t wish to stop telling that Art is imitation only like our great Greek predecessors. The seer poets created words the way they heard. The higher and highest sources, it may be said the Divine sources, create through man as through the Nature.

The Qur’anic Concept of Wasatiyah (Moderation): The Role of Ghulam Azam towards Reforming of a Moderate and Balanced Society in Bangladesh

Wasatiyah as a multi-dimensional concept is scholarly attributed as a “justly balanced path or balanced approach” of Islam. In the context of contemporary Islamic thought, Wasatiyah is the counterweight of religious extremism and liberalism. Many liberal Muslim intellectuals and non-Muslim scholars tend to link terrorism and extremism to the existing Islamic movements globally. However, leaders of moderate Islamic movement never approve of a global Jihad or terrorism. This study aims at investigating the relevance of the concept of Wasatiyah in Bangladesh, and the role of Ghulam Azam- a legendary Islamic thinker in South-Asian Muslim communities and guru of a contemporary leading Islamic movement in Bangladesh. He is also the most misunderstood Islamic thinker and political leader of 20th century in Bangladesh politics who represents a comprehensive example of a Muslim group in trying to address the prevailing socio-cultural and politico-economic problems which Muslim nations face. Nevertheless, Ghulam Azam’s contribution towards reforming of a moderate and balanced society in Bangladesh has lessened his paramount bequest afterwards his inflammatory role in 1971 liberation war. This research first examines Wasatiyah from the divine sources - the Qur’an and Sunnah based on the interpretation of early and contemporary scholars’ views. This paper also deals with the contribution of Ghulam Azam in Islamic da’wah and upholding Wasatiyah model regardless of his provocative fashion in Bangladesh politics. It then revisits his education, involvement in politics, controversial view in 1971, and scholarly contribution towards reforming of a moderate and balanced society in Bangladesh. This study is a conceptual analysis, which analyzing the data gathered from textual, contextual and comparative review.

DİN KAVRAMINA ELEŞTİREL YAKLAŞIM: WILFRED CANTWELL SMITH ÖRNEĞİ

In this study, critics of Wilfred Cantwell Smith to the concept of religion and the recent conceptual framework formed by him are analyzed. He tries to explain the religious life through concepts of faith and cumulative tradition with reference to views that there have been changes in the meaning of religion concept within the course of the history and that the concept of religion is ineligible to describe the faith concept due to such changes. He describes faith and cumulative tradition respectively as personal experience of love, existence and divine sources, symbols and belief propositions included in religious traditions. This recent conceptualization will have different implications in interpretation of religions and religious life. Therefore; the objective of the study, in consideration of this, is to examine how compatible the conceptual framework created by Smith is with the current the factual reality.

Mecca Sequences" The Ultimate Golden Series

Cognitively, the denial of reliable scientific Divine resources beyond rationalism and empiricism had stimulate a deep unjustified hostility shown by positivist science curricula against Divine's. This research aims to stimulate architecture to benefit from Divine sources of science and knowledge. The research hypothesis is that by establishing a precise predictive mathematical model through Islamic sources of knowledge, we will prove the superior scientific being beyond rationalism and empiricism, and prove the invalidity of the idea of emptiness outside rationalism and empiricism. The researcher is theorizing for his new architecture, (IRAQITECTURE) which adopts this principle, based on architecture's flexibility to take advantage of the various sources of knowledge. The researcher discovers: 1. the Ф 2 relation in Mecca; If the distance between Ka'aba and mountain Safa=one, then the distance between the two Mountains of "Safa and Marwa"=Ф2, no matter which parameter was used. Then we had the new ultimate golden series, which I called "Mecca Sequences". 2. The researcher discovers The Only Golden series for the verses of the Holy Qur'an. 3. The researcher discovers that the total of all golden related sequenced numbers of the verses of the Holy Qur'an= total number of the verses multiplied byФ 2. 4. That what made it possible for the researcher to generalize the new mathematical model : Any Number (X) divided on Ф an infinity times, then the total of all golden related sequenced numbers = (X) multiplied byФ 2. 5. Then the researcher discovers the uses of that new equation to build much accurate predictive models. The numbers and percentages minute cannot match arbitrary unless the God who put Ka'aba for people and sent down the Qur'an and creates the golden ratio is one God, there is no god but He.