Diversity Of Medicinal Plants Research Articles

Computational Screening of Some Phytochemicals to Identify Best Modulators for Ligand Binding Domain of Estrogen Receptor Alpha.

The peculiar aim of this study is to discover and identify the most effective and potential inhibitors against the most influential target ERα receptor by in silico studies of 45 phytochemicals from six diverse ayurvedic medicinal plants. The molecular docking investigation was carried out by the genetic algorithm program of AutoDock Vina. The molecular dynamic (MD) simulation investigations were conducted using the Desmond tool of Schrödinger molecular modelling. This study identified the top ten highest binding energy phytochemicals that were taken for drug-likeness test and ADMET profile prediction with the help of the web-based server QikpropADME. Molecular docking study revealed that ellagic acid (-9.3 kcal/mol), emodin (-9.1 kcal/mol), rhein (-9.1 kcal/mol), andquercetin (-9.0 kcal/mol) phytochemicals showed similar binding affinity as standard tamoxifen towards the target protein ERα. MD studies showed that all four compounds possess comparatively stable ligand-protein complexes with ERα target compared to the tamoxifen-ERα complex. Among the four compounds, phytochemical rhein formed a more stable complex than standard tamoxifen. ADMET studies for the top ten highest binding energy phytochemicals showed a better safety profile. Additionally, these compounds are being reported for the first time in this study as possible inhibitors of ERα for treating breast cancer, according to the notion of drug repurposing. Hence, these phytochemicals can be further studied and used as a parent core molecule to develop innovative lead molecules for breast cancer therapy.

APPLICATION OF EDU-AGROTOURISM AND AGROFORESTRY: PATTERNS OF LAND USE ON CONSERVATION IN THE BUFFER AREA

Sustainable development encompasses three fundamental dimensions, including the socio-cultural, economic, and ecological. Agroforestry seeks to achieve multifunctional, efficient, and environmentally sustainable production by replicating forest-like circumstances and employing management strategies that align with the cultural values of local people. The successful execution of this strategy is facilitated by the improvement of soil and microclimate conditions, which positively impact agricultural results. The Lore Lindu National Park (TNLL) is an officially declared national park in the Central Sulawesi province of Indonesia. The location plays a crucial role in conserving Sulawesi Island's rich array of biological diversity. The research findings indicate that the flora variety within the TNLL region encompasses a wide range of botanical species, including diverse trees, resin-producing plants, rattan, orchids, and medicinal plants. The agroforestry patterns seen in the buffer region of the TNLL can be categorized as the agrisilviculture model. This model represents an agroforestry system that integrates plant and agricultural components, specifically non-wood species. The pattern under consideration encompasses several components, including tree plants such as cocoa, durian, cloves, and candlenuts, alongside agricultural components like corn, vegetables, and tubers. The historical trajectory of land utilization commenced with the indigenous communities who exercised stewardship over the vicinity surrounding TNLL, employing their indigenous knowledge and practices as a consequence of their successful adaptation to the prevailing natural circumstances. The utilization of natural resources by indigenous groups within national park regions for their daily necessities is frequently perceived as exerting strain on the protected landscape's ecological integrity and long-term viability.

Diversity and conservation status of herbal formulations used to treat different diseases in a semi-arid to sub-humid subtropical region

IntroductionThe current research aimed to discover the diversity and conservation status of medicinal plants used in herbal formulations to treat different diseases in Shakardara and adjacent areas, of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. MethodsData were collected using semi-structured questionnaires about the preparation of monoherbal and polyherbal recipes that were used locally. Fidelity level, use value index, preference ranking method, and rapid vulnerability assessment were used for data interpretation. Relevant statistical tools (ANOVA and SPSS software) were used for data analysis. ResultsA total of 74 medicinal plants from 39 families were recorded that were used in the preparation of monoherbal and polyherbal formulation. In the study area, 146 recipes were used, of which 101 were monoherbal and 45 were polyherbal. Seeds were the most usable part of plants (28%), followed by fruits (23%) and leaves (21%). The highest informant consensus factor (1.00) was recorded for nail protection and growth, while the lowest (0.83) for wound healing. Withania coagulans Dunal was reported with the highest fidelity level and Peganum harmala L. was the most vulnerable species in the study area, with the highest threat score. ConclusionsConserving the knowledge and resources associated with the herbal remedies is essential for both human health and ecological balance. Monoherbal and polyherbal formulations of medicinal plants highlight the potential of traditional herbal remedies as valuable sources of alternative medicine. Further research in this field is crucial to explore the therapeutic potential and ensure the safe utilization of these natural remedies in modern healthcare.

Medicinal flowering plants distributed in both Vietnam and Indonesia: The diversity and proposing some solutions for development

The list of medicinal plants distributed in both Vietnam and Indonesia has not been published systematically, leading to many difficulties in developing medicinal plants distributed in both Vietnam and Indonesia. The most important goal is to build a list of medicinal flowering plants with information about specific medicinal uses. The paper assessed the diversity of species, genera, families and classes of the medicinal flowering plants (Magnoliophyta) distributed in both Vietnam and Indonesia. The study has enumerated 922 species, 600 genera, 140 families, 2 classes of Magnoliophyta, distributed in both Vietnam and Indonesia. Plants for timber with 61 species (1 class, 30 families, 55 genera). Ornamental plants with 93 species (2 classes, 32 families, 77 genera). Edible plants (edible fruits, seeds) with 86 species (2 classes, 38 families, 70 genera). Plants for essential oil with 11 species (2 classes, 7 families, 10 genera). Vegetables with 99 species (2 classes, 43 families, 80 genera). Dyed plants with 28 species (1 class, 13 families, 23 genera). Plants for fibre with 4 species (2 classes, 4 families, 4 genera). Plants for food of animal with 48 species (2 classes, 10 families, 32 genera). A model built for research and development of those species based on comprehensive cooperations and supports from agriculture, construction, fashion, forestry, food, ornamental and pharmaceutical organizations. The results provide a lot of valuable information, contributing to the development of cooperation of Vietnam and Indonesia on medicinal plant diversity research and application orientation.

Scopoletin: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity.

Scopoletin is a coumarin synthesized by diverse medicinal and edible plants, which plays a vital role as a therapeutic and chemopreventive agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this review, an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of scopoletin is provided. In addition, the prospects and outlook for future studies are appraised. Scopoletin is indicated to have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-oxidation, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental trials. In addition, it is an inhibitor of various enzymes, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated the low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and extensive metabolism of scopoletin. These properties may be associated with its poor solubility in aqueous media. In addition, toxicity research indicates the non-toxicity of scopoletin to most cell types tested to date, suggesting that scopoletin will neither induce treatment-associated mortality nor abnormal performance with the test dose. Considering its favorable pharmacological activities, scopoletin has the potential to act as a drug candidate in the treatment of cancer, liver disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and mental disorders. In view of its merits and limitations, scopoletin is a suitable lead compound for the development of new, efficient, and low-toxicity derivatives. Additional studies are needed to explore its molecular mechanisms and targets, verify its toxicity, and promote its oral bioavailability.

Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by the local people in Habru District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

BackgroundEthiopia is a country located in the Horn of Africa, which combines richness in plant resources and cultures of human plant use. The people of Habru District of North Wollo Zone (Amhara Region, Ethiopia) have a long history of use of plant resources for various purposes including in traditional herbal remedy preparation and use. However, the district has not been adequately studied for its ethnobotanical resources and the associated knowledge. This study focused on human medicinal plants and their traditional uses in Habru District. The objective of the study was to document and analyze the plant species used by the local communities to treat human ailments along with the associated traditional knowledge and practices.MethodologyThe study was carried out in Habru District from June 2021 to December 2022. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews, guided field walks, 13 focus group discussions (one at the district level and 12 at the kebele/subdistrict level) and market surveys. A total of 388 informants (250 males and 138 females) were selected from all 13 kebeles within Habru District using systematic random sampling, and 42 key informants were purposively selected. Descriptive statistics, preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, informant consensus factor and fidelity level were applied for data analysis.ResultsThe results provide insights into the medicinal plant diversity within Habru District, where 134 plant species in 110 genera and 54 families were documented, including 2 endemics, highlighting the district’s significance in biodiversity conservation and healthcare delivery. Disease prevalence analysis showed that gastrointestinal and parasitic ailments (ICF = 0.85), febrile diseases (ICF = 0.84), and culture-related conditions exhibit high informant consensus factors. Remedy preparation involves various plant parts, predominantly leaves (47.3%), followed by roots (22.1%), fruits (7.0%), and seeds (5.8%). Freshly harvested plant parts were frequently used (58.2%), while 24.7% involved both dried and fresh parts. Oral application (47.3%) and topical use (31.8%) are the major routes of remedy administration. The marketability of medicinal plants was evident, with 16.4% of the species reported as marketable, including Terminalia brownii Fresen. Myrtus communis L., Ruta chalepensis L., Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata (Wall. & G.Don) Cif., Allium sativum L. and Capsicum annuum L. Multipurpose plants such as Solanum somalense Franchet. (91.3% FL), Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. ex. Benth. (88.9% FL), and Verbascum sinaiticum Benth. (85.7% FL) exhibited notable healing potentials.ConclusionThe current study underscores the intricate relationship between the local community and medicinal plants, emphasizing the importance of biodiversity conservation and health care and acknowledging the dynamic interplay between cultural heritage and ecosystem health. The results contribute to the development of sustainable conservation strategies, healthcare practices and the preservation of traditional knowledge, and highlight the interdependence of human societies and their natural environments. Community-based conservation initiatives with active participation of local communities are desirable for the conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plant species and their habitats. Raising public awareness about the sustainable harvesting and utilization of marketed medicinal plants (e.g., Terminalia brownii Fresen.) that are under threat is also important to ensure their availability for future generations and contribution to socioeconomic development.

Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by the Yi people in Xiaoliangshan, Yunnan Province, SW China

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe Yi people in the Xiaoliangshan region in southwest China have a unique practice of combining ritual treatment and traditional medicine to care for patients. Despite increasing urbanization in the area, they have managed to preserve their distinctive lifestyle and extensive knowledge of traditional medicinal plants, setting them apart from other regions. However, there is a lack of systematic documentation on the knowledge of traditional medicinal plants used by the Yi people in Xiaoliangshan. Aim of the studyThis research aims to achieve the following objectives: 1. Document the diversity of medicinal plants used by the Yi people and explore their therapeutic usages. 2. Evaluate and analyze the main types of diseases with a high incidence in the local area and identify the types of medicinal plants used to treat these diseases. 3. Explore the underlying geographical and human factors influencing both disease prevalence and medicinal plant usage. MethodsEthnobotanical research methods were used to record and analyze the medicinal plants used by the Yi in Xiaoliangshan. Experts identified all plant specimens collected during ethnobotanical field surveys. The types of diseases treated by medicinal plants were classified according to the International Classification of Primary Care -2nd. ResultsA total of 125 medicinal plants were recorded after interviewing 193 participants. Of the medicinal plants identified, those with over 100 use reports were Paris polyphylla (202 use reports), Taxillus sutchuenensis (183), Artemisia indica (149), and Papaver somniferum (113). A total of 14 disease categories were recorded, with those related to the following categories having higher Informant Consensus factor values (ICF ≥0.85): Pregnancy, Childbearing, Family Planning, General and Unspecified, Urological, Respiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Skin. The highest quantity of medicinal plants is utilized to improve specific diseases and health problems, namely those related to Digestion, Skin, and Musculoskeletal. Fewer plant species were utilized for diseases or health issues associated with Eyes, Psychological, or Pregnancy, Childbearing, and Family Planning. The use reports from the informants also revealed how some medicinal plants are used to treat a variety of diseases or health issues. For instance, Malva pusilla is used for inducing abortion, treating postpartum hemorrhage, and joint sprains; Artemisia indica is used for treating malaria; Argentina lineata is used to remedy tuberculosis and malaria. Taxillus sutchuenensis is used for dealing with cold, pneumonia, and other ailments. ConclusionsThe Yi people in Xiaoliangshan have a rich knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. Decoction and wine brewing are the most common processing methods used for these plants, which are utilized to treat a wide range of diseases. The characteristics of the medicinal use of the Yi people reflects the alpine mountainous environment in which they live, and their medical practices are closely related to traditional healing culture. This study enhances our understanding of the Yi traditional medicine via documentation and offers a valuable reference for future research and the development of new drugs.

Documentation of some of the major medicinal plants used by the irula people in Palamalai hills of Coimbatore district, Tamil nadu, India

Our traditional health practices rely heavily on medicinal herbs. Protecting biological diversity requires understanding living things and being aware of how to protect them. A preliminary study on the diversity of medicinal plants was carried out at Palamalai Hills, Nikenpalayam, Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu. This study examined his 36 most useful medicinal herbs with high healing potential. Herbal medicines are used by the Irula people to treat red rash, diabetes, jaundice, asthma, fertility, infertility, hay fever, and other illnesses. Scientific knowledge is required to cultivate the above-mentioned medicinal plants to prevent most diseases and both to develop and protect natural resources.

Traditional remedies for diabetes used by the Ao (Naga) tribe in Mokokchung district, Nagaland, India

Diabetes, a metabolic disorder, poses a significant global health challenge and is recognized as a major non-communicable disease. This widespread issue not only impacts the well-being of individuals but also poses economic burdens, particularly on developing nations. Consequently, there is a pressing need for appropriate solutions and effective medicines, making it a focal point of research globally. Despite remarkable progress in modern allopathic medicine, there exists no definitive cure for diabetes within this system. Additionally, allopathic drugs, while beneficial, often come with severe side effects that can lead to various physiological disorders. In the light of these challenges, ethnobotanical exploration emerges as a viable alternative, providing an avenue to identify potential folk medicines for treating metabolic disorders.The current study aimed to investigate the diversity of medicinal plants traditionally used by the Ao (Naga) tribe in Mokokchung for diabetes treatment and to document these folk remedies. Mokokchung district, Nagaland, is home to the Ao (Naga) tribe, a community reliant on ethnomedicinal herbs for their daily needs and healthcare. The study, conducted between September 2021 and March 2022, involved structured interviews with traditional healers to collect information on their use of medicinal plants in managing various ailments. The study findings underscored the richness of medicinal plants and folk formulations employed in diabetes treatment within the Mokokchung district of Nagaland. A total of 32 medicinal plant species from 26 families were documented. Despite the advancements in modern medicine, traditional ethnomedicinal practices are gradually losing favor, particularly among younger generations, leading to the erosion of this invaluable knowledge. Hence, there is an urgent need for further scientific investigation to validate the claims and efficacy of folk medicines used for diabetes treatment. Inthis background, there is a critical requirement for inventory, documentation and scientific validation of these practices and folk medicines. Immediate attention to these efforts is crucial to preserve this invaluable knowledge and facilitate its integration with modern medical practices, ensuring the preservation and effective utilization of this traditional wisdom.

Homestead Agroforestry and Tree Species Diversity in Cumilla District of Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, the typical land use structure is homestead agroforestry. It provides people with basic necessities like food, shelter, money, and other things. This study was regulated in the Nangalkot Upazila of the Cumilla district at Bangladesh to identify plant species grown in homestead areas and to explore the relationships between tree diversification and selected characteristics of farmers of the Nangalkot upazila. A total of 50 households from the small, marginal, medium, and large groups were polled. An interview schedule was created using a simple technique and questionnaire to collect data on the selected parameters. The respondents were chosen at random, and data were collected between January 1 and 21, 2021. For statistical analysis, the orthodox descriptive statistical parameters and Product Moment Correlation Coefficient of Pearson (r) were used. A total of twenty seven (27) plant species were identified in the study area's homestead, with 16 being fruit plants and 11 being forest plant species. The most abundant fruit species were mango, coconut, guava, papaya, jackfruit, etc., and the forest plant species were mahogany, bamboo, eucalyptus, neem, akashmoni, etc. On average, 14.38 plant species had been identified in respondents' homestead area. Sixteen agroforestry systems with four layers were identified from the study area. Selected farmers' characteristics, such as family size, farm size, homestead size, knowledge about homestead agroforestry, and socio-economic condition, showed a significant positive relationship with the total number of plant species, which can help in nutritional security of the people in the area of study. The current homestead agroforestry techniques in the Nangalkot Upazila of Cumilla district can be improved using advanced agroforestry approaches, and diversity of medicinal and multipurpose plants should be enhanced in order to maximize farmers' revenue.

Medicinal potential and health benefits of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior)

Indo-Pacific Region has a rich diversity of medicinal and aromatic plants. Torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) from the Zingiberaceae family in exemplary, is one of the valuable sources for condiment, ornamental and medicinal purposes. This perennial herb can be found growing in clumps of aromatic rhizomes with their distinctive inflorescences, borne on erect stalks and showy bracts. Their torch-like flowers are edible, usually appeared during the second year of cultivation and continuous harvesting is feasible for the flower production. The varieties of torch ginger with pink-color flowers are often cultivated compared to white and red flower varieties due to the market demand. Interestingly, almost every part of this herb produces certain percentages of beneficial phytochemicals. In this review, the botanical aspects of torch ginger as well as their progresses in usage and properties in different forms as fresh, extract and essential oils have been conversing with respect to their plant parts. Major compounds found in torch ginger are phenols, polyphenols, flavonoids and terpenoids. Those compounds correlate with the significant health benefits of torch ginger such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, antihyperuricemic, antiallergic, cytotoxicity, antidiabetic as well as their cosmeceutical potential in skin care application. Moreover, the prominent pharmacological activities of this herb with particular attention to the chemical composition also have been uncovered, suggesting the substantial medicinal benefits of torch ginger.

Ethnobotanical Study on Medicinal Plants Used by the Local Communities of Ameya District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

In the present study, the diversity of medicinal plants and associated traditional medicinal knowledge of the rural community in the Ameya district in Ethiopia was assessed and documented. A survey was conducted through semistructured interviews, guided field walks, focus group discussions, and field observations. The snowball and purposeful sampling techniques were employed to select general and knowledgeable informants, respectively. Accordingly, a total of 210 respondents, 156 (74.3%) males and 54 (25.7%) females, were participated in this study. The informants were selected from seven kebeles (the lowest administrative units) following the recommendations of the local community for the availability of traditional medicinal plant use practice. Descriptive statistics, preference ranking, fidelity level, informant consensus factor, and direct matrix ranking were used to analyze and present the data. A total of 78 medicinal plants represented in 70 genera and 40 families were identified. Croton macrostachyus and Dodonaea viscosa were the most preferred species used to treat wounds, whereas Cucumis ficifolius and Phragmanthera macrosolen were the most popular species applied to treat stomachache. Leaves (38%) and roots (20%) were the most predominantly used plant parts for remedial preparation to treat 42 human ailments. The informant consensus factor (ICF) value ranged between 0.45 and 0.81, with the respiratory diseases category scoring the highest ICF value. The fidelity level (FL) value for the medicinal plants ranged from 24 to 95%. Considerable proportions (55.5%) of the medicinal plants were collected from wild habitats. Higher ICF (0.81) and FL (>90%) scores indicate the presence of rich traditional knowledge in the community. This knowledge can be used to select medicinal plants (such as Croton macrostachyus, Cucumis ficifolius, Dodonaea viscosa, and Phragmanthera macrosolen) for further pharmacological and phytochemical studies.

Identification of Anti-Cancer Compounds in Medicinal Plants Using Metabolomic Approaches: A Review

The modern lifestyle despite its comfort has made cancer a second leading public health problem, following cardiovascular disease. As chemotherapeutic has many side effects including resistance, recent attention has focused on plants which may provide a good opportunity for complementary cancer treatment. Several studies have begun to focus on metabolomic research in order to discover the mechanisms of action of diverse medicinal plants, investigate biomarkers, and comprehend cancer progression at metabolic rates. This study aims to analyze and highlight related metabolomic investigations in medicinal plants that demonstrate the potential of biomarker compounds and their processes in cancer disease. The research methodology uses a literature review that is compiled from many connected journals. According to the findings, bioactive substances present in medicinal plants can be used as biomarkers to disrupt the metabolism of enzymes, transporters, and signaling pathways in cancer cells. Utilized analytical platforms include HPLC, GC-MS, FTIR and NMR. Statistical analysis employs the Anova, PCA, and OPLS-DA methods. Finally, we reviewed biomarkers of medicinal plants and metabolomic pathways, with the result that anticancer compounds may exert their activity by various methods affecting DNA replication, cell cycle, migration and apoptosis.The modern lifestyle despite its comfort has made cancer a second leading public health problem, following cardiovascular disease. As chemotherapeutic has many side effects including resistance, recent attention has focused on plants which may provide a good opportunity for complementary cancer treatment. Several studies have begun to focus on metabolomic research in order to discover the mechanisms of action of diverse medicinal plants, investigate biomarkers, and comprehend cancer progression at metabolic rates. This study aims to analyze and highlight related metabolomic investigations in medicinal plants that demonstrate the potential of biomarker compounds and their processes in cancer disease. The research methodology uses a literature review that is compiled from many connected journals. According to the findings, bioactive substances present in medicinal plants can be used as biomarkers to disrupt the metabolism of enzymes, transporters, and signaling pathways in cancer cells. Utilized analytical platforms include HPLC, GC-MS, FTIR and NMR. Statistical analysis employs the Anova, PCA, and OPLS-DA methods. Finally, we reviewed biomarkers of medicinal plants and metabolomic pathways, with the result that anticancer compounds may exert their activity by various methods affecting DNA replication, cell cycle, migration and apoptosis.

Integrating Medicinal Plant Diversity in Post-COVID Uganda for Holistic Healthcare Management

Integrating Medicinal Plant Diversity in Post-COVID Uganda for Holistic Healthcare Management

Influence of aspect on vegetation dynamics: insights into the understory vegetation diversity of the dry temperate forests of South Waziristan Agency, Pakistan

The dry temperate forests of Pakistan exhibit rich diversity of understory floral species. These important and endemic plant species play a pivotal role in ecosystem functioning and providing livelihoods to the forest communities. South Waziristan, located in the southwest of Pakistan, is known for its rare pure stands of Pinus gerardiana Wallichex. D. Don forests. The rapidly expanding population and current state of affairs are leading to deforestation and causing disturbance to the understory vegetation of this valuable forest. The current study aims to fill the currently scanty information present in the literature regarding the diversity status of understory vegetation in P. gerardiana forests. Data of understory vegetation diversity were gathered for the northern and southern aspects of the forest. A 50 m2 sampling plot along with the placement of fifty 1x1m2 quadrats on both sites were laid out to determine species dominance, diversity, and evenness using Simpson, Shanon, Marglef, and Buzas–Gibson indices. The study depicted 612 individuals of about 29 species representing 23 families from the study site. The most abundant species in all of the sites was Salvia Glutinosa cccIV = 0.52. The southern aspect depicted the lowest diversity, but had high species dominance. Allium carolinianum DC. in this site was the most important species (IV = 0.74). The most abundant species were medicinal plants (75%), followed by edible plants (25%). Aspect had a significant effect on the understory vegetation and different categories of plants with respect to their diversity, dominance, and evenness as predicted by the various diversity indices. This study provides essential insight in to the florisitic diversity and community structure of the fragile pine nut understory vegetation in South Waziristan, which was hitherto not available. It was concluded that the southern aspect of understudy dry temperate forests depicted lower diversity and density as compared with the northern aspect. But it was observed that the southern aspect more specifically had more density and diversity of medicinal plants. It is therefore the need of the hour that conservation of these species from grazing and unsustainable harvesting must be ensured to sustain the livelihood of the inhabitants.

Ethnopharmacology of medicinal plants used by the Tenggerese community in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia

Abstract. Bhagawan WS, Ekasari W, Agil M. 2023. Ethnopharmacology of medicinal plants used by the Tenggerese community in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5464-5477. Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park is a repository of biodiversity with profound cultural significance. The Tenggerese community residing within the park possesses rich ethnopharmacological knowledge, using medicinal plants for various ailments. This study aims to comprehensively explore the medicinal plant diversity, traditional uses, and potential pharmacological activities among the Tenggerese people. Ethnopharmacological data was gathered through interviews with informants in seven Tenggerese villages. Ethnopharmacological indices like Species Use Value (SUV) and Fidelity Level (FL) were calculated to identify the most important medicinal plants. Phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants was conducted using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, and its pharmacological potential was assessed through antibacterial tests. A total of 124 medicinal plant species from 54 families were documented. The Tenggerese community utilizes plants to treat diverse diseases, with reproductive healthcare being prominently featured. Elaeocarpus longifolius emerged as a key species with high SUV and FL values. Phytochemical analysis identified 25 compounds, including major and minor compounds, already known for their pharmacological activities elsewhere. Elaeocarpus longifolius extract showed inhibitor activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The findings contribute to bridging traditional knowledge and modern scientific research, offering potential avenues for the development of drug candidates from indigenous medicinal plants.

The diversity, lexicon and cultural practices of family medicinal plants by Tetun Tribe in Malaka, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract. Hestiyana, Taek MM, Riani, Jahdiah, Yayuk R. 2023. The diversity, lexicon and cultural practices of family medicinal plants by Tetun Tribe in Malaka, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5359-5367. Medicinal plants are part of traditional culture used by humans to cure illness and improve health. The knowledge, perception and tradition of medicinal plants are unique to certain ethnic groups and therefore imbedded in the local language and passed down for generations. This study aims to describe the diversity and lexicon of family medicinal plants (TOGA) and its cultural practices by Tetun ethnic in Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with an ethnolinguistic approach and combined primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected by documenting a list of lexicons of medicinal plants in TOGA by the Tetun ethnic obtained from traditional healers, old people and community leaders through a series of interviews in the field. Secondary data was obtained from published sources related to this theme of research. The results of the study show that there are 32 lexicons of medicinal plants used by Tetun Tribe. These lexicons can be classified as basic words or monomorphemics (20 plants) and phrases (12 plants). Medicinal plant parts used include roots, rhizomes, tubers, stems, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. Methods of preparation of medicinal plants are by boiling, grinding, then rubbing on the affected body part, chewing and brewing with hot water. The Tetun’s knowledge of health benefits of medicinal plants is in line with scientific evidences.

HPLC Analysis Of Ethnomedicinal Important Plant Capparis Grandis L.f. From Western Melghat Region (MS) India

The history of plant medicine clearly demonstrated the use of plants as an exemplary source of medicine. India is abundant in biodiversity. India's flora includes approximately 45.000 plant species, the majority of which are medicinally important. The use of medicinal plants dates back to ancient times. The knowledge of medicinal uses of plants from the local region is essential because the majorities of these plants are unknown and are not used in any practice. So, in terms of ethnobotany and ethnomedicine, the botany and medicinal uses of these plants are important. The Present paper is focus on Ethnomedicinal importance and Phytochemical analysis of Capparis grandis from Western Melghat region of Amravati district Maharashtra. The plant has tremendous ethnomedicinal value. Phytochemical analysis of Capparis grandis was done by using HPLC. It showed the presence of maximum phytoconstituents. The present paper is also focus on the traditional uses of Capparis grandis L.f. among the Korku triable community which are located in Western Melghat region of Amravati disrict, India. The Melghat forest has great diversity in medicinal plants. Local people are aware of medical cures produced from different plant species belonging to various families to treat a wide range of ailments.

DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM MELGHAT FOREST OF AMRAVATI DISTRICT (MS) INDIA

Medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), traditional healthcare systems serve 70-80% of the population in India. Medicinal plants (MPs) and herbal remedies play an essential role in indigenous medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. The Melghat region is known for its rich biodiversity and cultural value. The present survey was carried out to document the traditional uses of medicinal plants among the korku triable community which are located in Melghat region of Amravati disrict, India. The Melghat forest has great diversity in medicinal plants. More than 769 naturalised plant species are listed in the Flora of Melghat belonging to about 400 genera representing 97 families. Local people are aware of medical cures produced from different plant species belonging to various families to treat a wide range of ailments.

Identification of the Diversity of Medicinal Plants Used by Battra in North Bengkulu

All kinds of plants that are found in nature and have medicinal properties are considered medicinal plants. Utilization of medicinal plants can be used directly and mixed. Battra is a person who has knowledge of traditional medicine and is capable of concocting medicinal plants. North Bengkulu is one of the districts that still use conventional medical care. Utilizing medicinal plants that are proven to be able to treat those derived from natural ingredients can be healthful because of very few side effects compared to drugs that contain chemicals. The goal of the study was to catalog the various medicinal herbs used by Battra North Bengkulu. This study used 10 respondents' interviews as its approach. Battra uses 64 species from 37 families of medicinal plants as traditional medicinal ingredients. The most common type of family is Fabaceae. The habitus group that is widely used is 45% trees. Types of diseases that are commonly treated traditionally using these plants include fever, toothache, itching, cramps, internal heat, scales, stomach pain, malaria, long-term fever, colds (cholera), ulcers, lungs, kidney stones, jaundice, high blood pressure, appendicitis, fussy children, eye disease, intestinal worms, kesapo, sprains, tumors and gout. In the processing of medicinal plants by Battra in North Bengkulu, 11 processes the highest drug processing method was by boiling as much as 37%.