Diversity Of Fish Fauna Research Articles

The Environmental Effects of the Innovative Ejectors Plant Technology for the Eco-Friendly Sediment Management in Harbors

A sediment bypassing plant based on innovative jet pump, ejectors, has been tested in the first-of-a-kind demo application at the harbor of Cervia (Italy, Northern Adriatic Sea). The ejector is a jet pump aimed to reduce sediment accumulation in navigation channels and coastal areas. Herein we present results of the first study assessing the potential ecological effects of the ejectors plant. Sediment characteristics, benthic, and fish assemblages before and after the plant activation have been analyzed in the putatively impacted (the sediment removal and discharge) areas and four control locations, one time before and two times after plant activation. Ejectors plant operation resulted in a reduction of the mud and organic matter content in the sediment, as well as in changes in shell debris amount in the impacted areas. Abundance and species richness of benthic macroinvertebrates, initially reduced in the impacted areas, probably due to the previous repeated dredging, returned to higher values during demo plant continuous operation. Higher diversity of fish fauna was observed in the study area during plant operation period. Observed dynamics of the ecological status of the marine habitat suggest that an ejectors plant could represent an eco-friendly solution alternative to dredging operations to solve harbor siltation problems.

Impact of alien fishes on the distribution pattern of indigenous freshwater fishes of Punjab, Pakistan.

Pakistan is the country with mega freshwater fish diversity of native and alien species. In the presence of enormous native fishes varies species of exotic fishes have been introduced into the freshwater bodies of Pakistan which are competing with native freshwater fish fauna and making them deprive of food and habitat as well. Intentional or accidental introductions of animals, plants and pathogens away from their native niche is considered as major leading problem for biodiversity of invaded habitat. Three years study (from January 2017 to December 2019) was conducted in freshwater bodies of Province Punjab, Pakistan. Study was designed to know exotic species impacts on the distribution of native species of fishes. During current survey a total of 68 (indigenous and exotic) fish species belonging to 14 families were recorded from head Qadirabad, head Baloki, Islam headworks and Rasul barrage. Statistical analysis showed that Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the highest (1.41) at both Rasul barrage and Islam headworks but, invasive species were present in very less number in these study sites i.e. Oreochromis mozambicus, O. niloticus, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Carassius auratus, Ctenophryngdon idella, Cyprinus carpio and H. molitrix. The diversity index showed that comparatively low diversity was present in both area head Qadirabad (1.30) and head Baloki (1.4) due to high pressure of invasive species. Direct observation of species and statistical analysis showed that aliens' species produced negative impact on the local fish fauna diversity, evenness, and numbers. It is concluded that many factors are impacts on the diversity of native fishes, but alien (invasive) species also play a major role to reduction of native species, because aliens' species produce competition for native species. So it is urgent need to analysis the aliens and native food web and roosting sites in Pakistan, in future.

Fish Biodiversity, Threat Status and Conservation Significance of the Jamuna River, Bangladesh

Abstract The present survey aimed to explore the fish fauna diversity, abundance and conservation status in the Jamuna River, a tributary of the River Brahmaputra, Bangladesh. During the study period from November 2018 to October 2019, a total of 55 species of fish were recorded, belonging to 6 orders, 20 families and 41 genera from the five selected stations near the river. Orders Cypriniformes and Siluriformes were recorded as the dominant group in the fish fauna community that comprises 34.55% and 30.91% of total species, respectively. Various types of Small Indigenous Species (SIS) and a total of 26 International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red-listed species were recorded. Population indices, viz. Shannon–Weaver index (H), Simpson’s dominance index (D), Simpson’s index of diversity (1-D), Margalef’s index (d) and Evenness (E), were applied to demonstrate the species diversity, richness and evenness of fish, and their overall values were 1.28-1.48, 0.26-0.33, 0.67-0.74, 1.22-1.46 and 0.77-0.86, respectively. To sustain the prospect of fisheries biodiversity in the Jamuna River of Bangladesh, different fish management and conservation plan of action specifically establishing and maintaining fish sanctuaries, banning indiscriminate fishing and the use of destructive fishing gears for the protection of the breeding and nursery grounds of fish should be taken into consideration with utmost priority.

A comparative review on freshwater fish fauna between West Bengal and Odisha, two middle-east Indian states

The objective of the present study is the comparative revision of inland freshwater fish faunal diversity between West Bengal and Odisha, two states of middle-east India. Work is mainly based on the available published literature on the freshwater fish faunal diversity, checklist for fish, monograph of the area under study. Result reveals the existence of 345 species of fish belonging to 50 families under 14 orders. Analysis of data shows a slight similarity of freshwater fish faunal diversity between two states is quite expected because both the states differ in their physiography and ecology. The present report may serve as a helpful document for freshwater aquaculturists as well as fishery researchers for their future planning of research work on the subject of the study area.

Diversity of fish fauna in the Sembakung river, North Kalimantan, Indonesia

Sembakung river is an important inland fishery in terms of fish production in North Kalimantan, Indonesia. This river is connected to the State of Malaysia, where the upstream part of this river is in the state of Malaysia. The present study was conducted to inform the diversity of fish fauna in the Sembakung river. Fish samples were collected from ten sampling stations of the Sembakung river at Tarakan district in North Kalimantan, Indonesia from March to November 2019. A total of 55 species of fish under 20 orders and 35 families were recorded. Cypriniformes were most leading order constituting 32.73% of the total fish population followed by Siluriformes (18.18%), Anabantiformes (10.91%), Gobiiformes (9.09%), Carangaria (5.45%), Eupercaria (3.64%), and 1.82% for others ordo. Fishes in this river are seriously affected by the various kinds of human development interventions and activities, especially in the areas of agriculture, forestry, fisheries, industries, and transport. Estimates from these indices were indications of low fish species composition and richness and unevenness in the population of fish in the Sembakung river. For sustainability of fishery resources, an adequate knowledge of species composition, diversity, and relative abundance of water bodies must be understood and vigorously pursued. Therefore, there is a need for the conservation and sustainable management of the fisheries resources of the Sembakung water body by relevant agencies.

Understanding patterns of taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, and ecological drivers of fish fauna in the Mekong River

Understanding different facets of biodiversity patterns and their ecological drivers are essential for freshwater conservation. This is especially true for fish fauna in the Mekong River, one of the largest rivers in the world, which faces large-scale hydropower development and climate change. Here, we divided the Mekong River into 37 sub-basins to explore the alpha and beta taxonomic and functional diversity of fish fauna and the explanatory power of environmental and spatial factors on fish diversity. We found that species and functional richness varied significantly along environmental gradients, while functional evenness and divergence were weakly correlated with environmental variables. We also found that the high taxonomic beta diversity was mainly contributed by the turnover component, while that of the functional facet was mainly due to the nestedness component. In addition, environmental filtering played a more important role than spatial factors in structuring both taxonomic and functional facets of fish communities. Finally, we found that environmental filtering was more important in determining taxonomic structure than functional structure, which was opposite to the general understanding that functional traits should be better associated with environmental variation. Our study illustrated that functional diversity and taxonomic diversity are complementary ecological indicators when assessing fish diversity of large rivers.

Ichthyodiversity of the five linked rivers of Chattogram, Bangladesh

Faunal records are essential to understand, manage and conserve any ecosystem if altered due to anthropogenic or natural causes. In the south eastern Bangladesh five linked rivers, Karnaphuli, Halda, Sikalbaha, Chandkhali and Sangu play a significant role in the country‟s fisheries sector. In this study ichthyofauna of the three linked rivers, Karnaphuli, Shikalbaha and Chandkhali are presented. From these three important linked rivers a total of 130 ichthyofaunal species, of which 112 finfish and 18 shellfish species were recorded during May 2010 to February 2020. Out of 130 species of finfish and shellfish, 128 species (110 fin and 18 shell fish) from the River Karnaphuli, 85 species (74 fin and 11 shell fish) from the River Shikalbaha and 83 species (72 fin and 11 shell fish) from the River Chandkhali were recorded. A total of 112 finfish species including four exotics belonged to 20 orders, 47 families, and 90 genera and 18 shellfish species were under one order, 3 families and 7 genera. Maximum finfish and shellfish species were under the families Cyprinidae (22 species) and Palaemonidae (9). Amongst the 112 finfish, one was critically endangered, six endangered and eleven was vulnerable. Systematic list of the ichthyofauna with local names is given. Status of local availability of species along with those reported as data deficient and not reported by IUCN (2015) are also provided. This study will help the fishery scientists, policy makers and planners to manage and conserve the fish faunal diversity in the three important linked rivers of Chattogram.
 Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 215-230, 2020

Distribution Pattern of Ichthyofaunal Diversity in Different Habitats in the First-, Second- and Third-Order Streams of Randi Gad from Garhwal Himalaya, India

The present study was undertaken to report the ichthyofaunal diversity on spring-fed hill stream Randi Gad from Pauri Garhwal District, Uttarakhand, India. In this work, the author proposed one novel approach, viz. stream order-wise study of distribution and diversity of fish fauna from Garhwal Himalaya, India. A total of 121 fish species including 4, 12 and 22 fish species were collected from first-, second- and third-order streams of Randi Gad. The ichthyofaunal biodiversity observed belonged to 4 families, 10 genera and 22 species. The first-order stream had shown minimum diversity (4 species) and fish productivity of 07CPPs. The second-order stream showed productivity of 24CPPs (12 species). The third-order stream was the most diverse (22 species) and showed fish productivity of 38 CPPs (calculated productivity points system). Thus, the spring-fed hill stream Randi Gad has good potential for fish fauna.

Assessment of deep demersal fish fauna diversity of the Colombian Caribbean Sea

We compiled georeferenced records of deep demersal fishes from the Colombian Caribbean Sea in order to assess the level of survey coverage and geographic completeness of species richness inventories at a scale of 15 minutes by 15 minutes cells, in view of threats from fishing and oil and natural gas exploration. We identified a rich fauna with a minimum of 362 species registered. Areas with elevated observed and predicted species richness were identified. Survey coverage and geographic richness completeness resulted in being deficient with no cell reaching the status of well-sampled spatial unit and 83% of the Colombian Caribbean exclusive economic zone bottoms unexplored, in particular regarding depths beyond 1000 m. A plea is made for renewed survey efforts with a focus on the protection of the Colombian Caribbean deep-sea biota.

The Biodiversity of Fish Fauna in GobardhanDas Pond (Saran District), North Bihar

Biodiversity defines the capacity and trophic status of any aquatic environment. In particular for the protection and management of inland water supplies including rivers, reservoirs and wetlands, it is very important to have adequate knowledge of the constituent biota. The present study explores the diversity of fish fauna found in Saran district saran Gobardhan Das pond. In the Gobardhan Das pond of Saran district Saran the richness of fish fauna has never been recorded. The goal of the study was to evaluate and analyse the variety and the abundance of the important fish fauna in the Gobardhan Das pond, in Saran district of Saran, between January 2008 and December 2009. We recorded and identified 17 Gobardhan DasSaran district saran freshwater fish species that belonged to three orders, 6 families and 9 generations. Nine species were Cyprinidae, 3 were Channidae, 3 were Bagridae, and the remaining Clariidae, E, Heteropneustidae, and Osphronemidae were described by only single species. Among these are 9 species belonging to the Cyprinidae family. Proper documentation leading to a diversity information system is desperately needed in order to protect the diversity of fish and establish sustainable fishing practises. The article also explains the structure of the population with its relative contributions and some significant results that may better explain the current ichthyofaunal diversity scenario.The findings of our study would therefore provide valuable information on the biodiversity of the GobardhanDas Pond fish fauna that would be valuable for systematic management and conservation of fishing

Diversity of Small Indigenous Freshwater Ornamental Fish under Genus Puntius from Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur and Jhargram Districts of West Bengal, India

The main objective of the present study is the investigation of small indigenous freshwater ornamental fish diversity of Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur and Jhargram districts of West Bengal, India and emphasis has been given to their ornamental value and local abundance. Present study is restricted only on the fish species belonging to the genus Puntius. During the study, small freshwater fish species has been surveyed covering all blocks of the three districts under study. Specimens have been collected from different freshwater ecosystems like rivers, ponds, beels etc. and are preserved and identified. It has been observed that the study area represents the existence of nine species of indigenous freshwater small fishes under genus Puntius. Among the recorded nine species, two species, namely Puntius guganio (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) and Puntius gelius (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) are being found for the first time from the study site. All the nine species are potential to be regarded as ornamental fish. A detail distributional data has been provided for all the species of the genus from the study area. Therefore, present study will highlight the local macro-faunal diversity of the freshwater fish species under genus Puntius as well as ability to become ornamental fish for aquarium keeping. Record of two small fish species from the freshwater ecosystem of the study area is the new addition to the local fish faunal diversity.

An overview of fishes of the Sundarbans, Bangladesh and their present conservation status

Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest of the world is located in Bangladesh and India. Studies done on the diversity of fish fauna in the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh are sparse and patchy. Here we take the opportunity to provide an updated checklist of the fishes of the Sundarbans, Bangladesh based on primary and secondary data. Field surveys were undertaken in the aquatic habitat of Sundarbans core area along with its adjacent marine habitat from June 2015 to July 2017. Based on published information and primary observations the updated list of fishes covers a total of 322 species belonging to 217 genera, 96 families, and 22 orders. Additionally, four species of fishes, are newly reported in Bangladesh waters, viz., Mustelus mosis Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1899; Lagocephalus guentheri Miranda Ribeiro, 1915; Carangoides hedlandensis Whitley, 1934; Uranoscopus cognatus Cantor, 1849. The global IUCN Red List status of each species has been enlisted. The updated checklist will constitute the reference inventory of fish biodiversity for the Sundarbans, a natural world heritage site.

Ichthyofaunal diversity of Tumaria reservoir, Kashipur, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand)

Present study was carried out to examine the diversity of fish fauna in Tumaria reservoir, Kashipur, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India. The water of reservoir is mainly used for irrigation and fish culture. Tumaria reservoir gathers huge variety of fish fauna. Present study was conducted for the period of one year that is January 2017 to December 2017. During the study a total of 10 families and 46 species are identified belonging to Cyprinidae (21), Cobitidae (10), Ophiocephalidae (4), Centropomidae (3), Mastacembelidae (3) and 1 species each from Notopteridae, belonidae, Nandidae, Anbantidae and Gobiidae. The detailed taxonomic account of these fish species is documented in this research paper.

Update of Ichthyofauna and its Conservation Status in the Aghien Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract This study focused on the diversity of fish fauna, its conservation status and its vulnerability in the Aghien freshwater lagoon (southeast of Côte d'Ivoire). For the fish data collection, two sampling approaches were used: experimental fishing and artisanal fishing. As a result, 80 species observed in this lagoon are distributed into 55 genera, 27 families and 10 orders. The best represented orders are the Perciformes, Siluriformes, Osteoglossiformes, Characiformes, Cyprinodontiformes and Pleuronectiformes. The Cichlidae, Mormyridae and Clupeidae represented the best diversified family. With an occurrence of 100%, the most frequent species are: Brycinus longipinnis, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, Pellonula leonensis, Schilbe intermedius and S. mandibularis. In the whole fish population, according to IUCN red list, four species where described as Near Threatened (Coptodon walteri, Marcusenius furcidens, Galeoides decadactylus and Cynoglossus senegalensis), four as Vulnerable (B. brevis, Rhexipanchax nimbaensis, Enteromius raimbaulti and Tilapia busumana) and one as Endangered species (Pseudotolithus senegalensis). These categories of species that have a conservation interest according to the IUCN Red List represent respectively 10.26% of the whole population. Fish population of the Aghien Lagoon are divided into seven classes ranging from “low” to “very high” vulnerability, regarding the vulnerability to stress due to fishing pressure.

Comparison of trophic structure of fish assemblages in two tropical streams in Sri Lanka: A seasonal dry‐zone stream and a perennial wet‐zone stream

AbstractMost tropical rivers, especially in the Asian region, are severely impacted by various human perturbations and the diverse habitats in streams support rich invertebrate and vertebrate communities. It is hypothesized that the fish assemblages and their dietary structure in two tropical streams differ because they flow through different terrains and are exposed to different climatic conditions. In the wet‐zone stream, which is geomorphologically more complex, fish faunal diversity showed a significant variation and presence of endemic fish species. In the diets of fish, the taxonomic composition was different along the longitudinal gradients, but dietary taxa richness in the two streams was virtually similar having 32 dietary taxa in the wet‐zone stream and 36 taxa in the dry‐zone stream. In the wet‐zone stream, we observed a lower proportion of specialist feeding species than those in the dry‐zone stream. Trophic indices of individual species in fish assemblages ranging from herbivory to carnivory also indicate structuring of fish communities along the longitudinal gradients of the two streams based on the dietary structure. The main differences between the fish assemblages in the wet zone compared with the dry zone were the higher number of endemic species and the lower percentage of specialist feeders with higher trophic indices. The outcome of this study, hopefully, contributes to planning future biodiversity conservation management schemes under various river‐basin development strategies.

Study on Fish Fauna Diversity of Bhusara maun under Muzaaffarpur district of Bihar

The present study has been carried from Bhusara maun under Muzaaffarpur district of Bihar”. Fish diversity on this lentic water body has been studied in detail with its food value and commercial status. Twenty eight Fish species of fishes were recorded, which belonged to 20 genera and 14 families. A classified list of fishes has been given. The Indian major carps and few fresh species are commercially important groups in the Bhusara maun
 Keywords: Fish species, diversity, food value. Commercially important.

Fish assemblages and their ecological traits along an elevational gradient in the Río Pacuare, Costa Rica

Between May 2004 and May 2005, we sampled fish in 19 sites, grouped in four elevations, ranging from the river mouth to 650 m.a.s.l. in the Río Pacuare, Caribbean versant of Costa Rica. Changes in the distribution and composition of the fish fauna, as well as patterns of alpha and beta diversity along an elevational gradient were assessed. Additional analyses of habitat preferences, trophic guilds, functional groups and general ecology for the most abundant species are included. All fish captured were classified into 22 families, 43 genera and 53 species. The most abundant family was Characidae, followed by Gobiidae, Mugilidae, Poeciliidae and Heptateridae, which together comprise 87.9 % of all sampled individuals. Elevation shows an inverse effect on species diversity, we observed a monotonic decrease in species richness with increasing elevation (p < 0.05), as reported in other tropical rivers. According to our results, in the Río Pacuare the total fish fauna diversity is found within the first 500 m.a.s.l. Species turnover increases with elevation, while nestedness decreases. Turnover was dominated by the loss of species rather than gain; the higher species loss was registered between the river mouth and the lower river reach (< 100 m.a.s.l.). Seven species can be classified as typical or core species (Astyanax aeneus, Sicydium altum, Agonostomus monticola, Poecilia gillii, Brycon costaricensis, Rhamdia laticauda and Joturus pichardi) along the elevation gradient. The habitat availability and the integration of ecomorphological, feeding and reproductive traits help to explain better the elevation distribution of the complete set of species observed. Although it is possible to identify groups of species characteristic of each reach of river, this does not mean that they are isolated from each other. Natural drift and movement along the river of some species during their life cycle, especially S. altum, A. monticola and J. pichardi, are key processes linking the whole watershed. The present study constitutes a first step in documenting and understanding the distribution and composition of fish assemblages in a watershed that is relatively intact and well-conserved in the Caribbean versant of Costa Rica.

Patterns of larval fish assemblages along the direction of freshwater input within the southern branch of the Yangtze Estuary, China: implications for conservation

ABSTRACTThe Yangtze Estuary is the largest estuary in the western Pacific Ocean, and harbors a high diversity of fish fauna. In this study, larval fish were surveyed monthly across three sections within the southern branch of the Yangtze Estuary (SBYE). A total of 49 taxa were collected, with 51.4% of the identified species being freshwater fishes. The collected numbers of larval taxa in the upper, middle, and lower sections were 22, 28, and 43, respectively. Species with differing salinity adaptations displayed different patterns along the direction of freshwater input. The collected numbers of larval taxa were 47 and 29 in the near-shore and mid-stream areas, respectively; and the abundances of larval fish in the near-shore areas tended to be higher than in the mid-stream areas in all the three sections. Larval fish occurred year-round with two peaks of abundance. Our results suggest that the freshwater input was the dominant factor shaping larval fish assemblage structure and dynamics within the SBYE. Influences of the Three Gorges Dam and South-to-North Water Transfer Project on larval fish assemblages within the SBYE should be considered with regard to conservation practices.

<b>Ichthyofauna of Udayasamudram Reservoir in Nalgonda District, Telangana</b>

The present paper discusses about the diversity of fish fauna in Udayasamudram Reservoir in Nalgonda District, Telangana State, India. Surveys were conducted from March 2013 to February 2016, and fish specimens were collected to study the diversity. A total of 38 species of fishes belonging to seven orders, 15 families and 32 genera were identified. Order Cypriniformes dominated with 14 species followed by Perciformes with 10 species, Siluriformes with nine species, Beloniformes with two species, Osteoglossiformes, Synbranchiformes and Anguilliformes with one species each. The result of this study revealed that Udayasamudram reservoir supports diverse fish population. Therefore, it needs proper management and utilization of fish wealth. We present the checklist of Ichthyofauna of Udayasamudram reservoir fort the first time.

Effects of dredging and macrophyte management on the fish species composition in an old Neotropical reservoir

Abstract: Aim: As part of the remodeling of an almost century-old dam, in the Rio Jacaré-Guaçu, the dredging and management of macrophytes were carried out in the Gavião Peixoto Reservoir (São Paulo State, Brazil). Data for the reservoir and a river stretch upstream the reservoir were compared, for evaluating the effects of the management procedures. Methods The fish fauna and physical and chemical factors were studied during five years, before (2005-2006) and after the recovery procedures (2007-2009), once a year, during the rainy season. Fishes were caught by gill nets, 10 m long and 1.5, 4, and 6 cm-mesh between adjacent knots. Results After the management procedures, the values of pH and dissolved oxygen increased in the reservoir, whereas conductivity decreased, bringing them closer to those of the upstream stretch. Species richness, diversity, and Catch per Unit Effort in number and biomass, increased in the reservoir after the management. Conclusions After the recovery procedures, the composition of the fish fauna in the reservoir was similar to that of the upstream stretch. The dredging and management of macrophytes in the reservoir benefited the fish fauna diversity, through improvement in water quality and space expansion.