Cultural Diversity Research Articles

Islamisasi Di Asia Tenggara: Proses Kedatangan, Kepribadian Dan Karakteristik Islam Di Asia tenggara

This research aims to find out about the process of the arrival of Islam, the personality and characteristics of Islam in Southeast Asia. This research is qualitative research using the library study method (literature study), by collecting sources that contain research coverage that has been previously examined and is relevant, consisting of textbooks, periodicals, scientific journals, articles and other relevant research. The research results explain the first few points. The process of Islam's arrival in Southeast Asia is a complex and varied phenomenon, involving various channels such as trade, missionary preaching and political interaction. This process has shaped an Islamic identity in Southeast Asia, which includes a fusion of Islamic teachings with local culture and traditions, as well as a dynamic response to historical and social change. Second, there are four main theories about the origins of Islam in Southeast Asia that are debated in discussing the arrival, spread and Islamization of Southeast Asia, namely Indian Theory, Arab Theory, Chinese Theory and Persian Theory. Third, the character of Islam in Southeast Asia is reflected in the diversity of culture, beliefs and religious practices that are characteristic of Southeast Asia.

Enhancing Pre-Service Teacher Education Curriculum for English Language Instruction in South African Classrooms: Navigating Technological Advancements and Cultural Diversity

The educational environment in South Africa is characterised by linguistic diversity and technological advancements, which present particular difficulties and opportunities for pre-service teacher education programmes. This systematic literature review explores the effectiveness of current pre-service teacher training programmes in addressing the demands of teaching the English language in South African classrooms. Drawing upon a synthesis of empirical studies, theoretical frameworks, and policy documents, this review critically examines how existing teacher education curricula prepare educators to navigate the complexities of English language instruction within diverse cultural and linguistic contexts. The review follows the PRISMA guidelines, systematically searching and synthesising relevant literature published between 2000 and 2022. The findings reveal a range of insights into the strengths and limitations of current pre-service teacher education programmes in South Africa concerning English language instruction. Key themes emerge around the integration of technology in language teaching, strategies for addressing linguistic diversity, and the alignment of curriculum with the needs of diverse learners. The review highlights the importance of incorporating pedagogical approaches that leverage technology to enhance English language learning outcomes while fostering intercultural competence among pre-service teachers. Furthermore, it underscores the need for a culturally responsive pedagogy that acknowledges and respects the linguistic diversity present in South African classrooms.

Contribution of Islamic Figures in the Formulation of Pancasila

This research aims to analyze the contribution of Islamic figures in the formulation of Pancasila. This research is qualitative research using the library research model, historical approach, political approach, and figure study. The political approach referred to in this research is a paradigm review that adopts the thoughts of figures, namely the main figures in the research (KH. Agus Salim and KH Wahid Hasyim) and other nationalist groups, both religious and secular. Primary sources in this research refer to writings written by the figure who is the subject of the research, namely the writings of KH. Agus Salim and KH. Wahid Hasyim. The method used in this research is to collect information and review books, literature, notes, and various reports related to the problem at hand. The data analysis techniques used in this research consist of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research reveal that Pancasila is the foundational philosophy of the Republic of Indonesia, consisting of five principles that guide the nation. While Pancasila itself is not directly derived from Islamic teachings, some Islamic figures have played roles in the formulation and development of the philosophy, especially during Indonesia's struggle for independence. It's important to note that Pancasila aims to be inclusive and is not specific to any particular religious or ideological group. While Pancasila incorporates universal values, including social justice, democracy, and national unity, it has roots in Indonesia's cultural and religious diversity. The influence of Islamic figures during the formulation of Pancasila reflects the collaborative effort to create a philosophy that could serve as a unifying force for the newly independent nation. In conclusion, the contribution of Islamic figures in the formulation of Pancasila is a testament to the inclusive and collaborative spirit that prevailed during Indonesia's struggle for independence. The resulting philosophy seeks to accommodate the nation's religious and cultural diversity while promoting values of justice, unity, and social welfare. The efforts of these Islamic figures have helped shape Indonesia as a nation that values pluralism and tolerance.

Integrating a Strategic Framework to Improve Health Education in Schools in South Tyrol, Italy.

This narrative review addresses the integration of health education into school curricula in South Tyrol, an Italian province with significant cultural and linguistic diversity. This review's objective is to analyze current health education initiatives and propose a strategic framework to enhance school-based health education, aiming to improve student well-being post-pandemic. The review synthesizes global examples and recent local studies, highlighting the importance of comprehensive teacher training, mindfulness-based interventions, culturally sensitive health education, and community engagement. The key findings indicate that current health education programs in South Tyrol are insufficient to meet immediate public health needs, such as low vaccine uptake and mental health challenges exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed strategic framework seeks to align educational strategies with the diverse needs of South Tyrol's student population, thereby improving health literacy and behavior and strengthening the region's public health infrastructure.

Review of the Applicability of Advocate Immunity Rights in Indonesia

Advocates are one part of the Law Enforcement Officers who have rights and obligations that must be obeyed by each party. Advocate Immunity Rights which is a right that states advocates cannot be prosecuted civilly or criminally in carrying out their professional duties in good faith for the benefit of client defense. Problems are how is the influence of legal sociology in supporting the professional duties of advocates? and how is the applicability of advocate immunity rights in accordance with the indonesian advocates law and the australian solicitor studied based on legal compliance theory? The purpose of this study is to answer the various problems of this research. Normative juridical method with a comparative study approach in Indonesia and Australia. The essential influence of legal sociology in supporting the professional duties of advocates is because advocates will be faced with diverse community cultures. Legal compliance theory of advocate immunity rights in accordance with Advocate Law Number 18 of 2003 is still often ignored by other law enforcement officials. Advocates are still often criminalized in carrying out professional duties, namely defending their clients, unlike in Australia which prioritizes immunity rights. This is a special concern for each of the law enforcement institution to respect each other, in order to create fair law enforcement

The Urgency of Recognition the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Asymmetric Decentralization in Papua and Papua Barat

Asymmetric decentralization is a special method given to certain provinces in Indonesia amidst the diversity of cultures, customs and specialties of certain regions. The central government's policy in the form of regional autonomy apparently has an impact on indigenous communities, resulting in frequent conflicts and unclear recognition of customary rights, especially in Tanah Papua. The aim of the research is to determine the importance of recognizing indigenous communities in asymmetric decentralization in Papua and West Papua. The research method used is qualitative, data was obtained by searching the literature and presented with descriptive analysis. The results of this research are that Indonesia does not yet have regulations at the "law" level that recognize the existence and rights of indigenous peoples, especially in Papua and West Papua. One of the government's admissions is that through Asymmetric Decentralization with special autonomy it still causes public dissatisfaction. Therefore, recognition of people's rights through draft laws or "laws" is very important to implement. According to the research, ratifying the Indigenous Peoples Bill is essential for strengthening the legal and policy foundation for indigenous peoples' rights fulfillment.

Review on the ethnomedicinal and nutritional value of some wild edible plants used by the tribal of Koraput District of Odisha, India

Due to its abundance of plant genetic resources, Odisha is often called a genetic refuge. However, the south Odisha tribal regions, despite their abundance of natural resources, have received scant ethnobotanical research. Human cultural diversity in Koraput is well-known, and the area is also a biodiversity hotspot for several food crops and forest species. The purpose of this study is to consolidate all available information on the ethnomedical uses of wild plants by indigenous peoples in the Koraput district. The reviewed nutritional analysis studies show that numerous species have high nutrient content, some of which are superior to some domesticated varieties. Wild edible plants are used as indigenous food and remarkably improve the nutritional security of several tribal people of Koraput. However, systematic study on the nutritional potential of these wild edible plants is meager. The present study evaluated the Carbohydrate, Fat, Protein, and Fiber content in selected wild edible plants of Koraput. Research shows that several species of tubers are in danger of extinction and hence included on the IUCN Red List of Threatened and Endangered Species. For this reason, the optimal use of this biodiversity is to meet the inhabitant's present and future food. The medicinal needs depend on extensive phytochemical inquiry, safe conservation, and sustainable use of wild tuber, all require strong community participation, which also fulfills the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 and 3, i.e., zero hunger and good health and well-being.

Impact of cultural diversity on COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in kidney transplant recipients.

To study COVID-19 vaccination status in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), reasons for incomplete vaccination and the clinical impact of vaccination on patient outcomes. A single-centre retrospective analysis of KTR (n = 543) conducted between 1970 and December 2022. Data included baseline demographics, number of vaccinations, reason for incomplete vaccination and patient outcomes following COVID-19 infection. A completed course of COVID-19 vaccination was defined as four or more vaccine doses. those deceased prior December 2019, managed by another health service, failed graft, or deceased secondary to non-COVID cause. 273 of 543 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 58.1 ± 12.2 years, 66% were male. 58.2% of patients were fully vaccinated, 22.7% received three doses, 7.7% received two doses, 0.7% received one dose, 0.7% received zero doses, and 10% incomplete records. The most common reasons for incomplete vaccination were COVID-19 infection, concern for side effects, and patient unawareness of booster recommendations. Vaccination uptake was greater in Australian born patients compared with those born overseas, odds ratio 0.40 (95% CI 0.23-0.69). KTR with incomplete vaccination had poorer outcomes, higher rate of AKI, long COVID, and increased hospitalization. The majority of KTR were fully vaccinated. KTR with incomplete vaccination status had poorer outcomes with COVID-19 infection and other issues. Patient education is a major area for improvement targeting patients born overseas and better information regarding side effects. Potential interventions need to address improved communication, cultural relevancy, and language.

Empowerment of Local Communities in the Survival of Multicultural Values: Case Study in Tana Toraja Village, East Kutai

This study examines the empowerment efforts of the Tana Toraja community in East Kutai to preserve their multicultural values. Using a qualitative case study approach, we examine the empowerment strategies used by this community as well as the challenges they faced in the process. The results show that the Tana Toraja community has adopted various strategies, including cultural education, organizing cultural festivals, and collaborating with external parties, to strengthen cultural identity and enhance social cohesion. However, limited resources, internal conflicts, and the impact of modernization pose significant challenges to these cultural preservation efforts. Discussion of the findings emphasizes the importance of community empowerment in the context of multiculturalism and the need for greater support from multiple parties. This research reconstructs Zimmerman's (1995) and Freire's (1970) theories of community empowerment by extending their application to efforts to combine strategies to survive cultural diversity in the context of globalization and modernization as a process in which individuals and groups gain power to control their lives and influence their communities. Empowerment in Tana Toraja shows that collective control over cultural preservation can strengthen identity and social cohesion. This research shows that by strengthening cultural identity through empowerment, communities can become agents that promote inclusivity and tolerance between different cultural groups. The implications of this research include contributions to the understanding of local cultural preservation and sustainable and inclusive community development.

Impact of cultural diversity on COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in kidney transplant recipients.

To study COVID-19 vaccination status in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), reasons for incomplete vaccination and the clinical impact of vaccination on patient outcomes. A single-centre retrospective analysis of KTR (n = 543) conducted between 1970 and December 2022. Data included baseline demographics, number of vaccinations, reason for incomplete vaccination and patient outcomes following COVID-19 infection. A completed course of COVID-19 vaccination was defined as four or more vaccine doses. those deceased prior December 2019, managed by another health service, failed graft, or deceased secondary to non-COVID cause. 273 of 543 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 58.1 ± 12.2 years, 66% were male. 58.2% of patients were fully vaccinated, 22.7% received three doses, 7.7% received two doses, 0.7% received one dose, 0.7% received zero doses, and 10% incomplete records. The most common reasons for incomplete vaccination were COVID-19 infection, concern for side effects, and patient unawareness of booster recommendations. Vaccination uptake was greater in Australian born patients compared with those born overseas, odds ratio 0.40 (95% CI 0.23-0.69). KTR with incomplete vaccination had poorer outcomes, higher rate of AKI, long COVID, and increased hospitalization. The majority of KTR were fully vaccinated. KTR with incomplete vaccination status had poorer outcomes with COVID-19 infection and other issues. Patient education is a major area for improvement targeting patients born overseas and better information regarding side effects. Potential interventions need to address improved communication, cultural relevancy, and language.

The Geostrategic Significance Of Syunik: Balancing Regional And Global Powers

Syunik, the southern region of Armenia, occupies a pivotal and geostrategic position at the intersection of diverse cultures and geopolitical interests, due to its geographical position and natural resources. After the 44-day Artsakh War in 2020, the issue of unblocking communication channels was raised again. In this context, projects promoted by different states, are studied, particularly, the importance of Syunik in those programs. Thus, the article explores the intricate layers of Syunik's strategic relevance, examining its impact on regional stakeholders and global powers alike.

Preaching from the depth

Responding to a letter that lamented the lack of aesthetics and erudition in the church’s liturgy and preaching, Bonhoeffer indicates that he thinks the simple language of the bible must be retained, but crucial for him is the “depths out of which it arises”. Expanding on what he means by the “depth”, Bonhoeffer points his questioner to the books of Bernanos and how they reflect something of what the daily and personal encounters of preachers with the crucified Christ looks like. What does this mean in the context of contemporary preaching and how does it help us to better understand and practise the art of preaching at a time and in a world that is home to diverse cultures and largely values very different and more popular aesthetic and cultural expressions? Which lessons can we learn from Bonhoeffer’s “preaching from the depth” for contemporary preaching?”

The Geostrategic Significance Of Syunik: Balancing Regional And Global Powers

Syunik, the southern region of Armenia, occupies a pivotal and geostrategic position at the intersection of diverse cultures and geopolitical interests, due to its geographical position and natural resources. After the 44-day Artsakh War in 2020, the issue of unblocking communication channels was raised again. In this context, projects promoted by different states, are studied, particularly, the importance of Syunik in those programs. Thus, the article explores the intricate layers of Syunik's strategic relevance, examining its impact on regional stakeholders and global powers alike.

Finding ‘Home’ and Navigating ‘Cultural Precarity’: Grey Areas Between Racism and ‘Hate Crime’ Victimization Among Korean Businesses

The United States has often been lauded for its reputation as a melting pot, embracing diverse cultures and backgrounds. However, beneath this outward display of diversity lies a more intricate reality illuminated by the experiences of immigrants. This study, which involved 19 interviews with first‐generation Korean immigrants operating small businesses in the United States, examines the diverse forms of discrimination and hate crime encountered by participants from various demographic backgrounds and immigration histories. These diverse perspectives, influenced by factors such as duration in the United States, gender, and age, contribute to a nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by immigrants before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study also explores participants' experiences attributing the sources of challenges to neighborhood safety, grappling with issues related to racial background and language barriers, and contending with cultural precarity. The narratives vividly depict the multifaceted challenges within the business setting and daily lives of Korean immigrants. Significantly, these occurrences transcend differences in residency duration, age, gender, and personal experiences, emphasizing the need for nuanced and inclusive approaches to address discrimination effectively. Recognizing the shared impact of discriminatory practices across diverse individuals fosters a collective understanding, informing targeted interventions for a more inclusive and equitable society for Asian immigrants. Based on firsthand accounts and perceptions, the study discerns policy implications to comprehensively address these challenges among Korean/Asian immigrants in the United States.

Finding ‘Home’ and Navigating ‘Cultural Precarity’: Grey Areas Between Racism and ‘Hate Crime’ Victimization Among Korean Businesses

The United States has often been lauded for its reputation as a melting pot, embracing diverse cultures and backgrounds. However, beneath this outward display of diversity lies a more intricate reality illuminated by the experiences of immigrants. This study, which involved 19 interviews with first‐generation Korean immigrants operating small businesses in the United States, examines the diverse forms of discrimination and hate crime encountered by participants from various demographic backgrounds and immigration histories. These diverse perspectives, influenced by factors such as duration in the United States, gender, and age, contribute to a nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by immigrants before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study also explores participants' experiences attributing the sources of challenges to neighborhood safety, grappling with issues related to racial background and language barriers, and contending with cultural precarity. The narratives vividly depict the multifaceted challenges within the business setting and daily lives of Korean immigrants. Significantly, these occurrences transcend differences in residency duration, age, gender, and personal experiences, emphasizing the need for nuanced and inclusive approaches to address discrimination effectively. Recognizing the shared impact of discriminatory practices across diverse individuals fosters a collective understanding, informing targeted interventions for a more inclusive and equitable society for Asian immigrants. Based on firsthand accounts and perceptions, the study discerns policy implications to comprehensively address these challenges among Korean/Asian immigrants in the United States.

ETHNOMATHEMATICS-BASED LEARNING DESIGN OF MOUNTAINOUS PAPUA TO INCREASE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND CREATE MEANINGFUL LEARNING

The application of ethnomathematics in teaching has many benefits. Cultural diversity can be an interactive learning resource for students. One culture that has high ethnomathematics potential is the Papuan Mountain culture. Although several examples of ethnomathematics have been found in Papuan culture, the design of ethnomathematics applications in learning is still very minimal. In addition, the lack of student involvement in the ethnomathematics exploration process is an important reason for the need to develop ethnomathematics-based learning based on 21st-century learning. The type of research is research development by using the nine stages of Dick and Carey’s development. The results of research and development concluded that the mountain ethnomathematics-based learning design was developed in 4 main stages, namely analysis, development design, implementation, and evaluation. Strategies that can be used in ethnomathematics-based learning in Papua Mountains to increase learner involvement and create meaningful learning are exploration, oriented to problem statements, constructing knowledge and experiences of learners based on their culture. The results of the analysis show that the ethnomathematics-based learning design of the culture of the Papua Mountains is good and feasible to implement with a validity index of 0.802 while the reliability index of rater agreement on the learning design is good, namely 0.896.

ETHNOMATHEMATICS-BASED LEARNING DESIGN OF MOUNTAINOUS PAPUA TO INCREASE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND CREATE MEANINGFUL LEARNING

The application of ethnomathematics in teaching has many benefits. Cultural diversity can be an interactive learning resource for students. One culture that has high ethnomathematics potential is the Papuan Mountain culture. Although several examples of ethnomathematics have been found in Papuan culture, the design of ethnomathematics applications in learning is still very minimal. In addition, the lack of student involvement in the ethnomathematics exploration process is an important reason for the need to develop ethnomathematics-based learning based on 21st-century learning. The type of research is research development by using the nine stages of Dick and Carey’s development. The results of research and development concluded that the mountain ethnomathematics-based learning design was developed in 4 main stages, namely analysis, development design, implementation, and evaluation. Strategies that can be used in ethnomathematics-based learning in Papua Mountains to increase learner involvement and create meaningful learning are exploration, oriented to problem statements, constructing knowledge and experiences of learners based on their culture. The results of the analysis show that the ethnomathematics-based learning design of the culture of the Papua Mountains is good and feasible to implement with a validity index of 0.802 while the reliability index of rater agreement on the learning design is good, namely 0.896.

Do Javanese People in Indonesia Have the Same Preferences on the Role of the Change Leadership?

People stay, live, and work in a society in which social system and culture play an essential role in shaping the attitude and behavior of the people, including their behavior in the organization. The study's objective is to identify how society, systems, and cultures influence the perception and preferences of a change leader. The respondents in the study were 120 people, 30 from each city: Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, and Surabaya, and they were called Javanese. The data were collected using FGD and analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed that there are some variations in preferences. Semarang and Surabaya people had preferences for a change leader as a coach. Meanwhile, the Yogyakarta and Surakarta people preferred the implementer role of change leader. The study's implications raise a deeper understanding of society's system and culture, which benefits a leader and management managing people from diverse cultures.

Clinical features, treatment and prognosis of patients with endogenous infectious endophthalmitis.

To investigate whether the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of endogenous infectious endophthalmitis (EIE) have changed over the past 5years. Retrospectively analyze all articles about EIE published in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases from 2017 to 2021. A total of 128 patients and 147 eyes (46 left and 60 right) were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 51 ± 19years. The most common risk factors were diabetes and intravenous drug use. From 2017 to 2021, Klebsiella was the most common pathogenic microorganism (22%), and vitreous culture had the highest positivity rate. The most common complaint was blurred vision. The mean visual acuity (logMAR) at onset was 2.84, and the clinical symptoms were vitreal inflammation and opacity (63%), ocular pain (37%), and conjunctival congestion (36%). The ocular inflammation could be reduced by intraocular antibiotics or vitrectomy. However, the visual prognosis, with a mean logMAR of 2.73; only 50% of the eyes reached a visual acuity level of finger count and above. Changes in diagnostics over the past 5years have mainly manifested as more diverse microorganism culture methods. In addition to conventional culture methods, PCR, sputum culture and aqueous humour culture are also commonly used for the diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria, improving the positive culture rate and visual prognosis. The prognosis of EIE is poor. It is recommended to pay attention to the pathogenic bacteria culture results and accompanying systemic diseases and to diagnose and treat patients as soon as possible.

Amateurism as a way of improving the cultural activity of preschool institutions in the Balkan countries

Regarding the fact that amateurism is widely represented in all Balkan countries, that it is aimed primarily at children and young people and at nurturing the traditional forms of the intangible culture of the people, which are diverse and autochthonous, the paper analyzes the characteristics of amateurism and the richness of the cultural diversity of the folklore heritage in the Balkan countries. Attention focus is on other components of amateurism as well, especially in terms of the benefits of dealing with folklore and the ways of functioning of amateur organizations in the Balkans.