Diversity Efforts Research Articles

Examining attitudes towards inclusion and social justice among U.S. Climbers: analysis and findings from a national survey

ABSTRACT Climbing in the U.S. resembles other ‘alternative’ and ‘lifestyle’ sports in that it has long been an exclusionary leisure pursuit. Whiteness, a history of land dispossession, and settler colonialism have reinforced exclusive boundaries to the sport through a ‘hierarchy of participation’. Formal moves from climbing advocacy organisations, gyms, and brands have increased diversity and justice efforts in climbing through funding, pledges, and social media messaging. However, these initiatives receive varied support from within climbing communities. This paper employs a social-psychological approach to examine which factors likely help shape and maintain variation in U.S. climbers’ concern for matters related to inclusion and justice in climbing. We draw data from a national survey conducted in collaboration with the national advocacy organisation Access Fund. We then apply multiple regression to examine how various climbing and demographic attributes are associated with inclusion and justice concerns by testing three hypotheses: experienced privilege and/or marginalisation, partisan political affiliation, and issue prominence. Our findings suggest that variation in climbers’ inclusion and justice attitudes appears driven more by respondents’ affiliation with one or more marginalised identities, political leanings, and other sociodemographic characteristics that we suggest are representative of the ‘politics of everyday life’.

Lay theories of diversity initiatives: Theory and measurement of zero-sum and win-win beliefs

Three studies introduce a novel individual-difference construct to explain majority group members’ responses to organizational diversity efforts: lay theories of diversity initiatives. Zero-sum beliefs (ZSBs) presume that efforts to advance diversity come at the expense of majority group members. Win-win beliefs (WWBs) posit that diversity initiatives can benefit all racial groups. Study 1 created and validated measures of ZSBs and WWBs. Study 2 showed that ZSBs and WWBs are distinct from 10 intergroup measures (e.g., social dominance orientation, modern racism) and that each lay theory accounts for unique variance in explaining Whites’ reactions to diversity initiatives. Study 3 demonstrated that ZSBs and WWBs predict Whites’ reactions to diversity policies of a hypothetical company. These findings suggest that ZSBs and WWBs both help explain majority group members’ backlash against and support for organizational diversity initiatives.

Environmental Effects of MRE: Advancing the Industry through Broad Outreach and Engagement

Marine renewable energy (MRE) can benefit from broad outreach and engagement with a wide variety of audiences to raise awareness, address concerns about potential environmental impacts, generate public support, build a future workforce, share progress on research and development, and succeed within the larger blue economy. OES-Environmental is an international initiative of 16 countries that brings together the MRE community to increase understanding of environmental effects of MRE. OES-Environmental has focused on sharing research outcomes and knowledge to broad audiences that are best addressed with a variety of learning formats. Throughout these diverse outreach efforts, several important lessons have been learned. These include the importance of clarifying the main message for each audience and for each resource created; finding the best venue to deliver materials to different audiences; using language, complexity, and context that suits audience requirements and is age-appropriate; utilizing a variety of methods to share messages; and leveraging creative ideas to produce an assortment of engaging, accurate products. Creating materials tailored for specific groups has made outreach efforts more effective and has allowed for the information and findings from OES-Environmental to increase awareness of environmental effects of MRE by reaching new audiences.
 Based on OES-Environmental’s 2020 State of the Science Report – a comprehensive technical report providing the most up-to-date review of scientific information on environmental effects of MRE – and additional research to date, products have been designed to engage with different audiences, mainly: the MRE community (which includes regulators and advisors, project and device developers, consultants, and researchers); science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) students; and the interested public. For the MRE community, a brochure that provides a high-level overview of environmental effects and a series of guidance documents which provide in-depth information to aid application of scientific evidence for consenting have been developed. In addition to these new resources, webinars, workshops, and Tethys – an online knowledge platform – have been used to share information and collaborate with the MRE community to advance the state of understanding. For STEM students, an animated MRE video series and a coloring book were created to offer a visual format to learn about environmental interactions with MRE devices and current research. For the interested public, an open-access magazine article and several podcast episodes were developed to expand general understanding of MRE. OES-Environmental also engages the public through ongoing content creation on various social media platforms.
 As OES-Environmental continues to synthesize current scientific knowledge around environmental effects of MRE, outreach and engagement will continue to be a focus to ensure important findings are communicated to diverse audiences. Sharing lessons learned by OES-Environmental around outreach and engagement can help other researchers and the MRE community broadly to communicate more effectively and accelerate industry progress.

Pentahelix Implementation Based on “KISS” (Collaboration, Integration, Synchronization, and Synergy) in Local Policy on Flood Management Strategy of the Bodri Kuto River Basin

Collaboration, integration, synchronization, and synergy approaches in water resources management offer more diverse water resources management efforts to deal with flood disaster issues at Bodri Kuto River Basin. The Penta helix-based approach is relevant and essential in the Bodri Kuto River Basin. This study aims to identify stakeholders in the Penta helix elements, determine the impact of the KISS variables in flood management strategies, and determine priority strategies in flood management in the Bodri Kuto River Basin. Pentahelix stakeholders in flood management at Bodri Kuto River Basin consist of parties from the government, private sectors, academics, non-governmental organizations, and the mass media. Based on the results of the KISS index analysis, it is known that the variable synchronization score is included in the "good" criteria. In contrast, the "average" criteria include the other three variables. These results come in with some concerns and recommendations that the WS Bodri Kuto flood management needs to implement several strategies to increase the KISS variables and short and long-term response strategies based on the SWOT component.

Shifting the Paradigm: Cultivating Socially Responsible Atmospheric Scientists through Leadership and Action

Abstract The geosciences have the lowest racial and ethnic diversity of all STEM fields at all levels of higher education, and atmospheric science is emblematic of this discrepancy. Despite a growing awareness of the problem, Black, Indigenous, people of color, persons with disabilities, women, and LGBTQIA+ persons continue to be largely absent in academic programs and in the geoscience workforce. There is a desire and need for new approaches, new entry points, and higher levels of engagement to foster a diverse community of researchers, scholars, and practitioners in atmospheric science. One challenge among many is that diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts are often siloed from many aspects of the scientific process, technical training, and scientific community. We have worked toward bridging this gap through the development of a new atmospheric science course designed to break down traditional barriers for entry into diversity, equity, and inclusion engagement by graduate students, so they emerge better prepared to address issues of participation, representation, and inclusion. This article provides an overview of our new course, focused on social responsibility in atmospheric science. This course was piloted during Fall 2021 with the primary objective to educate and empower graduate students to be “diversity champions” in our field. We describe 1) the rationale for a course of this nature within a graduate program, 2) course design and content, 3) service-learning projects, 4) impact of the course on students, and 5) scalability to other atmospheric science graduate programs.

Diversity, equity and inclusion in employee-queer customer interactions in the hospitality service setting: including multiple stakeholders’ perspectives

PurposeDrawing from cognitive dissonance theory (CDT) and attribution ambiguity theory (AAT), this paper aims to examine how employees interact with queer customers within the hospitality service and the ways that queer representations regulate emotions when discriminated against by normative gender roles.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a mixed method. Study 1 used firm-level secondary data to analyze hospitality firms’ efforts in diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) and the effects on firms’ profit margins and customer satisfaction. In Study 2, an experimental design was used to understand how employees’ assailing behavior toward queer customers interacts with employee feelings of guilt and impacts their sabotage and organizational citizenship behavior via self-serving bias. Study 3 further explored how queer customer victimization interacts with stress to influence their perceptions of organization DEI authenticity and corporate social responsibility (CSR) through resilience.FindingsHospitality firms’ DEI efforts were associated with varying outcomes, including higher profit margins but lower customer satisfaction, while guilt weakened the impact of employees’ assailing behavior on their outcomes and customer stress amplified the effect of assailing behavior on queer customers’ perceptions of DEI authenticity and CSR through resilience.Research limitations/implicationsHospitality organizations should take proactive measures to address self-serving bias among employees. Moreover, fostering an inclusive culture is crucial, with managers playing a pivotal role in facilitating discussions and creating an environment that values diversity, inclusivity and respect for all employees.Originality/valueThe study makes a remarkable contribution to hospitality literature by focusing on CDT and AAT in providing valuable implications for DEI advocators to be aware of the tensions between heteronormativity and queer representations in service encounters.

Problematizing Modern Democracy in the United States:

Since Donald Trump’s presidency and the diverse efforts to undermine the transfer of power after the 2020 election, the risks of extreme polarization and democratic backsliding in the United States (US) have been highlighted in the literature. Yet the epistemic dimension of these developments remains underresearched. Embedded in a genealogical Foucauldian governmentality/counter-conduct approach, this contribution addresses the puzzle of how election denialism and related (violent) anti-system activity are being rationalized, legitimized, and anchored in political subjectivities as efforts to ‘protect’ American democracy. This perspective allows to inquire into liberalism’s authoritarian potential that can be mobilized through different forms of counter-conduct. The study analytically disentangles these forms based on their prime targets, modes of operation, and the forms of knowledge they rely on. Focusing on the swing state of Arizona, the empirical analysis furthermore highlights the role of the subnational level in interlinking counter-conduct and (autocratizing) governmental practices in a federal system. Conceptually, the study renders visible a profound struggle over the epistemic foundations of the current liberal constitutional and political order that clearly transcends the issue of the 2020 election, Donald Trump, and even the context of the United States. Indeed, similar patterns of subjectivation and counter-conduct can also be detected for example in Germany. Moreover, this paper expands the scope of the concept of counter-conduct to study radical right-wing contestations and related questions of epistemic (in)justice. It thereby seeks to encourage debate on how political science can address the pluralization and polarization of contents, standards, and forms of knowledge as they become relevant to democratic backsliding.

Nurse scholars of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program

BackgroundThe challenge to increase the diversity, inclusivity, and equity of nurse scientists is a critical issue to enhance nursing knowledge development, health care, health equity, and health outcomes in the United States. PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the current nurse scholars in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program (AMFDP). DiscussionProfiles and the programs of research and scholarship of the current AMFDP nurse scholars are described and discussed. Scholars share lessons learned, and how the AMFDP program has influenced their thinking and commitments to future action in service of nursing science, diversity efforts, legacy leadership, issues of health equity. ConclusionRWJF has a history of supporting the development of nursing scholars. AMFDP is an example of legacy leadership program that contributes to a culture of health and the development of next-generation nursing science scholars.

LESSONS FROM FRANCES HESSELBEIN: HAND, HEART, LOVE, AND LEADERSHIP

AbstractThe author writes about Frances Hesselbein’s long career as CEO of the Girl Scouts of the USA and later as a nonprofit leader; in the context of cultural and societal change. He recounts Hesselbein’s early and pioneering efforts in diversity, inclusion, and equity, writing that “She could point to her greatest role model, Abraham Lincoln, a bit more than a century before, who inspired her by overcoming near‐overwhelming resistance.” The author writes about his own personal and professional efforts in environmentalism and sustainability, and the slow progress being made worldwide in these crucial endeavors: “Restoring sustainability globally means for us to live sustainably. Alleviating suffering through personal action is not deprivation. It’s love. It’s why we will love taking everyone into account for everything we do even when less convenient, as we do with those we love. Frances told me all along: Work is love made visible.”

An autoethnographic exploration of ABCD within a rural pre-service education course

ABSTRACT Studies of community engagement in preservice teacher education include quality field experiences and the development of cultural competencies. However, fewer scholarly conversations focus on rural preservice teacher education programs, and even fewer tackle the issue of quality field experiences that help develop preservice teachers’ cultural competencies. Utilizing autoethnographic research methods, this study highlights how the tenets of asset based community development (ABCD) were integrated into an education course. Findings highlight the limitations of ABCD, students’ responses to the tenets, and the community’s responses to diversity efforts. In addition, this study highlights assets and networks that supported students’ learning of diverse literature within the rural community. Implications for preservice teacher education, problematizing the limits of ABCD, and continued studies of ABCD using autoethnographic methods.

Importance of Inclusivity in a Medical Practice

The healthcare profession has a unique opportunity to make a greater impact because it directly affects a broad set of patient health outcomes and quality of life. Medical practices have a growing responsibility to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts for their employees and to better serve patients and their families. DEI has been a recent focus for many businesses and organizations, including healthcare. Unfortunately, the healthcare industry is falling short in ensuring DEI for healthcare workers and patients. This article defines DEI, explains its importance, and offers suggestions for implementing an inclusive practice.

Extensive gender disparity in top medical schools and their affiliated dermatology departments: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundPrevious studies demonstrate female under-representation in top medical school leadership and dermatology departments, although separately. Here, we investigate the extent and interplay of gender disparity between these two bodies.ObjectiveTo compare...

The Burden of Acting Human: Rethinking Race, Class, and Gender Experiences in U.S. Independent Schools

Background/Context: Ongoing tensions surrounding equity and diversity work, particularly around race and gender, in independent schools have led to various responses. Many independent schools have made statements and pledges, and have crafted strategic plans to address systemic racism after receiving internal and external pressure to take action following the murder of George Floyd. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: This study examines how young adolescent cisgender Black and Latinx students, specifically cisgender boys at two independent middle schools, navigate the often-contradictory forces of gender, race, and class. Research Design: Drawing on one year of participant observation and 33 semi-structured interviews, I examine how these students contend with the simultaneity of color-blind and race-conscious realities in the United States. Conclusions/Recommendations: This study finds that as teachers, administrators, and boards engage in subsequent equity and diversity efforts, they must pause and reconsider our students’ lived experiences that are part and parcel of ongoing calls for action. Moreover, educators should center the interrogation of what it means to be human in independent schools—in our missions, policies, culture, curriculum, traditions, admissions, and hiring—as one of the most urgent institutional tasks needed to activate the most liberating possibilities of schooling.

Toward Language Justice in Environmental Health Sciences in the United States: A Case for Spanish as a Language of Science.

Increasingly, marginalized communities are disproportionately facing the worsening effects of environmental hazards, including air pollution, water pollution, and climate change. Language isolation and accessibility has been understudied as a determinant of health. Spanish, despite being the second-most common language in the United States with some 41.8 million speakers, has been neglected among environmental health scientists. Building capacity in high-quality Spanish-language science communication, both for scientific and nonscientific audiences, can yield improvements in health disparities research, public health literacy, international collaborations, and diversity and inclusion efforts. In this article, we discuss the context of language diversity in environmental health sciences and offer recommendations for improving science communication in Spanish. English is currently the predominant language for scientific discourse, but Spanish and other non-English languages are routinely used by many environmental health science students and professionals, as well as much of the public. To more effectively conduct and communicate environmental health work in Spanish, we suggest that researchers and scientific institutions a) foster structural changes, b) train emerging scholars and support established researchers, c) tap into community ways of knowing, and d) leverage emerging technologies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12306.

New Investigator Award Recipients Poster Abstracts Presented at the 124th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, July 22-25, 2023: Cross-Sectional Study of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Efforts of US PharmD Programs

New Investigator Award Recipients Poster Abstracts Presented at the 124th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, July 22-25, 2023: Cross-Sectional Study of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Efforts of US PharmD Programs

Understanding the (In)effectiveness of Organizational Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Efforts

Understanding the (In)effectiveness of Organizational Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) Efforts

The Contradiction Of Diversion Become An Option For Handling And Resolving Cases Against Children Who Complete Criminal Actions

Diversion is a system of handling outside the formal justice system process due to criminal cases involving child perpetrators who are underage. Settlement through diversion is reserved for children in conflict with the law. This journal writing research method uses normative theory. Therefore, according to Article 108 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, the diversion system is used for reasons of distancing and separating underage perpetrators from settlement through the formal justice system so that discrimination does not occur against child offenders. Through prevention efforts in the form of diversion, it does not provide a deterrent effect so that underage criminals underestimate the existence of these diversion efforts. Efforts so that child victims are protected from children who commit acts against the law or perpetrators are maximally not giving diversion to children who return to committing crimes after a judge's decision.

Identifying Multilevel Community Supervision Challenges to Inform Diversion Approaches for People With Mental Illnesses

Efforts to divert people with mental illnesses from the criminal legal system are widespread among mental health and criminal justice authorities. Most diversion efforts focus on directing individuals with mental illnesses to treatment; however, these treatment-focused interventions are an insufficient approach to diverting people with mental illnesses from the criminal legal system and fail to adequately address organizational and system-level factors that impact criminal legal system involvement. This study uses a social ecological approach to identify multilevel supervision challenges that probation officers face in diverting people with mental illnesses from future criminal legal system involvement. Twenty-six probation agency representatives from across the United States were interviewed as part of a larger study about supervising people with mental illnesses on probation. Salient themes indicate diversion targets related to (1) probation officer and agency capacity, (2) interorganizational relationships and roles, and (3) resources and systems in the local community. A comprehensive framework for diversion must include a both-and approach that maintains focus on individual-level supports and predictors of recidivism and violations, while also targeting the macro- or system-level factors that create the conditions for recidivism at the individual level.

Species Diversity and Cave-Bat Conservation Efforts in Aoma Village, Wolasi District -Southeast Sulawesi

Indonesia a tropical country that remains warm all year, has the largest biodiversity. This study aims to determine the diversity of bats of the order Microchiroptera in Rau Cave, Wolasi, Conservation (Protected) Forest area, around Aoma Village, South Konawe Regency. Data collection was carried out using a mist net measuring 6 x 2 meters which were stretched in front of the mouth of the cave at 16.00 before the bats came out looking for food and harvested at 06.00-0.700. The trapped bats were identified using the Sulawesi Bat and its role in the health sector, and other relevant references. The results showed that there were 26 trapped bats consisting of 5 species, namely Rhinolopus arcuatus (Prok Bruk Sulawesi), Hipposideros ater (Barong gauld), Dobsonia viridis (Kubu Hijau), Miniopterus australis (Tomosu australi) and Hipposideros dinops (Barong horsfield). The species found consisted of 2 families, namely the families Rhinolopidae and Hipposideridae, and consisted of 2 genera, namely the genera of Dobsonia and Miniopterus. The diversity index shows a value (H') = 0.986, which indicates a low category in diversity and a Margalef wealth index (R) of 0.26. It is necessary to conserve plant species both for eating insects and for food sources for Microchiroptera bats in their feeding ground

Workforce Attrition Among Male and Female Physicians Working in US Academic Hospitals, 2014-2019

Retaining female physicians in the academic health care workforce is necessary to serve the needs of sociodemographically diverse patient populations. To investigate differences in rates of leaving academia between male and female physicians. This cohort study used Care Compare data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services for all physicians who billed Medicare from teaching hospitals from March 2014 to December 2019, excluding physicians who retired during the study period. Data were analyzed from November 11, 2021, to May 24, 2022. Physician gender. The primary outcome was leaving academia, which was defined as not billing Medicare from a teaching hospital for more than 1 year. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted adjusting for physician characteristics and region of the country. There were 294 963 physicians analyzed (69.5% male). The overall attrition rate from academia was 34.2% after 5 years (38.3% for female physicians and 32.4% for male physicians). Female physicians had higher attrition rates than their male counterparts across every career stage (time since medical school graduation: <15 years, 40.5% vs 34.8%; 15-29 years, 36.4% vs 30.3%; ≥30 years, 38.5% vs 33.3%). On adjusted analysis, female physicians were more likely to leave academia than were their male counterparts (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.23-1.28). In this cohort study, female physicians were more likely to leave academia than were male physicians at all career stages. The findings suggest that diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts should address attrition issues in addition to recruiting more female physicians into academic medicine.