Diverse Food Research Articles

Association between Number of Teeth and Eating out of Home: A 2019 Statistical Survey of the Japanese Representative Population.

Eating out of home (EOH), with its diverse food options, can benefit those with difficulty preparing their meals, especially older adults. Oral health status may be a determinant of EOH, as food accessibility is influenced by oral health, but this association remains unclear. This cross-sectional study used merged data from two national statistical surveys conducted in 2019. Participants were individuals aged ≥ 65 years who responded to both surveys. The frequency of EOH (<once/week or ≥once/week) was the dependent variable. The number of teeth was used as the independent variable (≥20, 10-19, 1-9, and 0). Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate Poisson regression analysis to identify the association between EOH and the number of teeth, adjusting for possible confounders. We analyzed 2164 participants (mean age = 74.0, women 52.4%). Of these, 456 (21.1%) participants were EOH ≥ once/week; 1142 (52.8%) participants had ≥20 teeth. Compared to those with ≥20 teeth, those with <20 teeth had a lower prevalence of EOH ≥ once/week (10-19: PR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.72-1.09, 1-9: PR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.51-0.89, and 0: PR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.36-0.77, respectively). We observed an association between fewer teeth and a lower frequency of EOH.

Isolation, whole genome sequencing and application of a broad-spectrum Salmonella phage.

Salmonella is considered as one of the most common zoonotic /foodborne pathogens in the world. The application of bacteriophages as novel antibacterial agents in food substrates has become an emerging strategy. Bacteriophages have the potential to control Salmonella contamination.We have isolated and characterized a broad-spectrum Salmonella phage, SP154, which can lyse 9 serotypes, including S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Pullorum, S. Arizonae, S. Dublin, S. Cholerasuis, S. Chester, S. 1, 4, [5], 12: i: -, and S. Derby, accounting for 81.9% of 144 isolates. SP154 showed a short latent period (40min) and a high burst size (with the first rapid burst size at 107 PFUs/cell and the second rapid burst size at approximately 40 PFUs/cell). Furthermore, SP154 activity has higher survival rates across various environmental conditions, including pH 4.0-12.0 and temperatures ranging from 4 to 50°C for 60min, making it suitable for diverse food processing and storage applications. Significant reductions in live Salmonella were observed in different foods matrices such as milk and chicken meat, with a decrease of up to 1.9 log10 CFU/mL in milk contamination and a 1 log10 CFU/mL reduction in chicken meat. Whole genome sequencing analysis revealed that SP154 belongs to the genus Ithacavirus, subfamily Humphriesvirinae, within the family Schitoviridae. Phylogenetic analysis based on the terminase large subunit supported this classification, although an alternate tree using the tail spike protein gene suggested affiliation with the genus Kuttervirus, underscoring the limitations of relying on a single gene for phylogenetic inference. Importantly, no virulence or antibiotic resistance genes were detected in SP154. Our research highlights the potential of using SP154 for biocontrol of Salmonella in the food industry.

The effects of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviours in primary school students in Zhongshan city.

Adequate nutritional knowledge and healthy dietary behaviours are essential for promoting rational nutrition for children. However, lack of nutritional knowledge and unhealthy dietary behaviours are common among Chinese children. Therefore, we developed a school-based nutrition education (NE) program to assess its impacts on nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviours in pupils. In this trial, one school was assigned as an intervention group (n = 199) and the other two schools were designated as a control group (n = 140). Children in the intervention group received the NE program in addition to their regular health curriculum, whereas the control group continued with their usual health curriculum without any NE program materials. Concerning nutritional knowledge, the mean difference (follow-up minus baseline) of average knowledge scores in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (1.99 ± 3.22 vs. 0.66 ± 3.60, p = 0.001). However, subgroup analysis revealed that this difference disappeared among boys and students with malnutrition status. Regarding dietary behaviours, the NE program significantly increased the proportion of children exhibiting high frequencies of meat and nuts consumption in the intervention group, along with diverse food choice at breakfast. Additionally, it markedly reduced the proportion of children exhibiting high frequencies of sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food consumption. Structural equation modelling analyses indicated a significant direct effect of NE intervention on nutritional knowledge and an indirect effect on dietary behaviours. The NE program effectively enhanced nutritional knowledge scores and further improved dietary behaviours among Chinese primary school students. Future NE programs should pay more attention to boys and children with malnutrition.

An Optimization Tool to Formulate Diets within a Supplementary Nutrition Program for Children

BackgroundIn large supplementary feeding programs for children, it is challenging to create and sustain contextual, acceptable, nutritionally complete, and diverse supplemental foods. For example, the Indian Supplementary Nutrition Program (SNP) supplements the dietary intake of children, pregnant and lactating women, and severely acutely malnourished (SAM) children by offering dry take home rations (THRs) or hot cooked meals (HCMs) across India, but an optimization tool is necessary to create local contextual recipes for acceptable and nutritionally adequate products. ObjectivesThis study aimed to create a linear programming (LP) model to optimize diverse food provisions for a SNP to meet its program guidelines, using locally available foods, within budgetary allocations. MethodsA LP algorithm with appropriate constraints was used to generate an optimal THR based on raw foods, or an optimal weekly HCM menu comprised of a lunch meal with mid-morning snacks, based on user choices of foods and recipes. The database of foods used was created by a prospective survey conducted across all states of India for this purpose, such that the recipe and food optimization was diverse and specific to the guidelines for each beneficiary group. ResultsAn interactive web-based app, which can optimize feeding programs at any population level, was developed for use by program implementers and is hosted at https://www.datatools.sjri.res.in/SNP/. In the Indian example analyzed here, the recommended optimized diets met the guidelines for diversified and nutritionally complete SNP provision but at a cost that was almost 25% higher than the present Indian budget allocation. ConclusionsThe optimization model developed demonstrates that contextual SNP diets can be created to meet macronutrient and most essential micronutrient needs of large-scale feeding programs, but appropriate diversification entails additional costs.

Utilization of gonad sea urchin for cookies product as a potential local resources in preventing stuting in Linsowu Village North Buton Regency

Stunting is a child's growth and development disorder caused by a lack of nutritional intake, infection, or inadequate stimulation. The impact of stunting includes decreased intelligence, vulnerability to disease, hampered economic growth and work productivity, and exacerbated inequality. The aim of this service is to provide information, knowledge, and education about the processing of sea urchins into cookies as a local resource with the potential to prevent stunting. This community service aims to educate through outreach and counseling using a food diversification approach for participants. The service was carried out in one of the houses of Linsowu Village residents, involving 47 participants in the socialization session and 27 participants in the counseling session. The target children, who were given cookies, included 11 children suffering from stunting. The PKM activities were conducted over 2 days, starting with the socialization stage on the first day and counseling on the following day, which focused on live demonstration activities related to the procedures for making sea urchin gonad-based cookies. The result of this activity is a cookie product made from sea urchin gonads, ready to be consumed by children suffering from stunting, made from Soroaki and Taeo gonads. Based on taste and preferences, cookies with a mixture of pineapple jam and Soroaki gonads were the most popular with both participants and stunted children.

Recent advancements in chitosan-based intelligent food freshness indicators: Categorization, advantages, and applications

With an increasing emphasis on food safety and public health, there is an ongoing effort to develop reliable, non-invasive methods to assess the freshness of diverse food products. Chitosan-based food freshness indicators, leveraging properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and high stability, offer an innovative approach for real-time monitoring of food quality during storage and transportation. This review introduces intelligent food freshness indicators, specifically those utilizing pH-sensitive dyes like anthocyanins, curcumin, alizarin, shikonin, and betacyanin. It highlights the benefits of chitosan-based intelligent food freshness indicators, emphasizing improvements in barrier and mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and composite film solubility. The application of these indicators in the food industry is then explored, alongside a concise overview of chitosan's limitations. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges and potential areas for future research in the development of intelligent food freshness indicators using chitosan. Thus, chitosan-based smart food preservation indicators represent an innovative approach to providing real-time data for monitoring food quality, offering valuable insights to both customers and retailers, and playing a pivotal role in advancing the food industry.

Understanding microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from diverse food waste feedstocks

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of natural antioxidants from food waste (FW) offers an economically appealing waste management strategy. However, MAE from mixed FW has received limited attention. We characterize five single waste streams (apple, coffee, olive, tomato, and potato peel waste) and study MAE of phenolic acids from select feedstocks and mixtures. This library of materials enables us to unravel the relationship of FW composition and physical properties with dielectric properties, heating, and extractive yields. Protein, ash, and moisture contents affect dielectric properties the most. Our study unveils the significance of moisture in free (> 20 wt%) and bound states (< 20 wt%) on FW dielectric properties, heating, and target acid yields (at least 33 % enhancement). Microwaves primarily heat the solvent (dimethylformamide) due to its superior dielectric properties compared to FW (dry and moist, single and mixtures) at ≤ 0.05 solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL). High moisture content (> 20 wt%) provides higher phenolic yields at lower temperatures (< 100 °C) and shorter times (≤ 10 min) due to enhanced heat and mass transfer by microwaves. Further, our data indicates significant interactions between mixed FW components that drive 2–3x higher yields than those predicted from a simple additive model from single component results. Our work provides new insights for developing versatile MAE strategies to treat mixed FW feedstocks.

&lt;span&gt;Some data about the food composition of amphibians in Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap province&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;

On the rice field ecosystem in Cao Lanh district, Dong Thap province, there are 6 species of amphibians distributed: Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Kaloula pulchra and Hylarana guentheri have the most diversity of feed ingredients; Fejervarya limnocharis, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus and Ichthyophis bannanicus have less food diversity; Scolopendomorpha and Polydesmoidea are the least, accounting for 1,2%. Amphibians have the most food frequency in Coleoptera, followed by Hymenoptera and Orthoptera. Amphibians are usually terrestrial, eating mainly insects. The frequency of pests was lowest in the period from sowing seeds until the rice had 3 leaves germinated, the lowest in the period of yellow rice until after harvest, the highest at the stage of rice with milk in the grain to the stage of green - ripened rice. The frequency of encounters of Hoplobatrachus rugulosus and Fejervarya limnocharis is lowest at the stage of seeding until rice germination, decrease gradually in the period of ripe rice until after harvest, stage 4 (Rice with milk in the grain until green ripening) has the highest frequency. In stage 1, there is the lowest frequency of encountering amphibians and pests, frequency increases gradually to stage 2 and peaks at stage 4, decreasing at stage 5.

Focusing on New Discoveries in Food Technology and Creating a New Future of Nutrition and Health: An Introduction to the 4th International Symposium of Food Science, Nutrition and Health in Dalian, China.

The 4th International Symposium on Food Science, Nutrition and Health (ISFSNH) was held at the Shangri-La Hotel in Dalian, China, on May 29-31, 2023. The symposium explored the connotations and needs of "The Great Food Perspective" under the theme "Focusing on new discoveries in food technology and creating a new future of nutrition and health" to better address the global emerging diverse food needs. The ISFSNH covered four areas: (1) food processing theory and technology, (2) food safety and quality control, (3) precision nutrition and health, and (4) creation of nutritious and healthy foods. More than 1000 scholars and entrepreneurs from more than 100 colleges and universities globally attended the conference. This special issue of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry highlights the important topics of the 4th ISFSNH and includes more than 20 papers.

The evaluation of black carrot, green cabbage, grape, and apple juices as substrates for the production of functional water kefir‐like beverages

AbstractWater kefir (WK) is a nondairy probiotic beverage produced using water kefir grains that are highly adaptable to diverse food substrates. Fruit and vegetables have been used more in beverage production in recent years due to their plentiful nutritional qualities. In this context, the aim of this study is to develop fruit–vegetable juice‐based beverages fermented with WK grains in order to produce novel, non‐dairy, probiotic water kefir‐like beverages (W‐KLBs) with improved sensory and nutritional properties. In this context, black carrot (BC), apple (A), grape (G), and green cabbage (GC) juices are fermented with commercial WK grains. Results showed that BC‐KLB possessed the highest antioxidant activity (75.50%), total phenolic (1248.60 mg GA/L), and total monomeric anthocyanin (391.31 mg/L as cyaniding‐3‐glucoside equivalent) content. Also, the sensory evaluation demonstrated that BC‐KLB was the most favorable sample, while GC‐KLB received negative feedback. These findings strongly support the suitability of BC juice to develop W‐KLB with high added value and functional properties.

Exploring veganism in Australia, France, Spain, and Portugal: a netnographic study using the transtheoretical model

ABSTRACT The rising popularity of veganism and vegetarianism has attracted significant market attention, yet limited understanding exists regarding consumer perceptions and adoption of these ethical and sustainable lifestyle choices. To address this gap, we conducted a netnographic analysis using Google Trends and HappyCow. Google Trends data found that food and restaurant-related searches predominated, with lower volumes in France, indicating a distinct food culture and potentially less interest in veganism. Australians exhibited higher search frequencies for “vegan,” reflecting a keen interest in vegan food establishments and products. HappyCow data indicated a relatively more significant number of vegan outlets in Australia. This study provides cross-cultural insights into consumer information-seeking behavior regarding veganism, highlighting the availability of vegan choices in diverse food settings and influencing factors for plant-based alternatives.

Implementation of Healthy Food Patterns for the Millennial Generation Based on Local Food Diversification in the Agrotourism Area of Sembalun Bumbung Village

Sembalun Bumbung Agro-Tourism, a renowned destination on Lombok Island, is celebrated for its stunning natural beauty and its agricultural tourism, attracting local, national, and international visitors. Demographically, the population of Sembalun Bumbung, especially among the younger generation (millennials), is increasing. This demographic shift brings various impacts, including changes in dietary habits and agricultural activities, particularly in relation to food diversification. Therefore, it is crucial to educate the millennial community in the Sembalun Bumbung Agro-Tourism area about healthy eating patterns based on food diversification. The objectives of this initiative are: 1) To implement a balanced nutrition plan through a safe and healthy diet, and 2) To promote the daily consumption of foods rich in carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in appropriate portions and schedules. Through these educational activities, it is anticipated that the knowledge of the community, especially among millennials, regarding healthy eating patterns will improve. Consequently, they will become agents of change in their village, fostering a habit of consuming a diverse range of local foods to enhance the overall health of the local community

Portable dual-mode paper chips for highly sensitive and rapid determination of aflatoxin B1 via an aptamer-gated MOFs

Paper chip as a representative microfluidic device has been mushroomed for rapid identification of contaminants in agro-food. However, the sensitivity and accuracy have still been challenged by inevitable background noise or interference in food matrix. Herein, we designed and fabricated a dual-mode paper chip (DPC) by assembling a patterned paper electrode with a platinum nanoparticles-treated colorimetric region through a flow channel. Dual-mode outputs were guided by an aptamer-gated UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). UiO-66-NH2 loaded with 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was controlled by a switch comprised of CdS quantum dots-aptamer. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1, a kind of carcinogenic mycotoxin) target came and induced TMB release, triggering colorimetric and ECL signals on DPC, ultra-high sensitivity with a detection limit of 7.8 fg/mL was realized. The practicability of the DPC was also confirmed by spiking AFB1 in real corn samples. This portable paper-based device provides an ideal rapid detection platform tailored for diverse food contaminants analysis.

ჰიდრომელიორაციის ინსტიტუციური მოწყობის საერთაშორისო მოდელები და საქართველო

At the current stage of development, special attention should be focused on maximum realization of the country's food potential. It is important for Georgia to overcome food shortage, to provide the population with affordable, diverse, harmless, high-quality and sufficient food. Industrialization of agriculture and its transformation into a high-tech industry stand as guarantee that the country will meet its food requirements. In addition, it is important to take into account that not only expansion of agricultural land is limited, but on the contrary, it is even decreasing due to escalation of urbanization process. The solution lies in the high-performance use of agricultural lands and increasing of per hectare yield. There is only one way to achieve this goal – land use efficiency. In order to make full use of land and secure high yields of agricultural crops, additional human labor and agro-cultural measures are often required to give a specific soil the properties that other soils possess under the best natural conditions. Such lands require significant improvement (melioration). The proposed paper provides an analysis of the current state of agricultural hydromelioration in Georgia. Economic innovative proposals for the use of agromelioration have been developed on the basis of generalization of international best practices. This research dwells upon the experience of foreign countries from the point of view of institutional arrangement. We tried to select the countries based on the principle that the best practices of all continents should be represented. From Latin American countries, we studied the institutional arrangement of Mexico in the field of irrigation, from the European countries – the experience of Portugal, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Romania and Ukraine; on the Eurasian continent target country was Russia, in the Caucasus - Armenia, in Asia Minor - Turkey, in the Middle East - Israel, in Asia - China, South Korea and Japan, on the Australian continent – Australia proper. Such variegated selection showed us the specifics of institutional structures in different countries, despite their varying development histories and paths taken in the field of irrigation and drainage. From the point of view of institutional arrangement, several distinct classification markers have been identified, highlighting similarities between specific countries and allowing to group them according to these markers. In particular, we can group countries according to the type of institutional arrangement in terms of management - centralized or decentralized.

Examining cost and affordability of nutrient adequate diets alongside a novel combined market score derived from Fill the Nutrient Gap food price data in the west Sahel

Extensive food price data collected for three Fill the Nutrient Gap nutrition situation analyses were used to calculate two metrics – cost and affordability of nutrient-adequate diets – to assess food and nutrition security at subnational level in the late-dry season and beginning of the dry season in Mauritania. A unique market scoring classification was derived using retail food price data collected in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Mauritania to assess on food price and food assortment (availability) across markets in the three countries. Diet cost and affordability was examined alongside three structural drivers of food insecurity – rainfall, infrastructure (roads) and conflict – to understand how they may have influenced nutritious food prices, diversity and non-affordability during the late-dry season during the period of analysis. Results showed that more diverse low-cost markets and lower non-affordability of nutrient-adequate diets were observed in Burkina Faso's well-connected agricultural areas experiencing no conflict, while limited higher-cost markets were observed in central pastoral areas of Mauritania, and pastoral, agropastoral and some agricultural areas experiencing conflict in Burkina Faso and Mali. In agricultural Mali, despite having diverse low-cost markets, low nutrient-adequate diet cost, sufficient rainfall, seemingly well-connected road networks, these combined factors did not guarantee nutrient-adequate diet affordability, highlighting economic barriers faced by households. Regions affected by both harsh climatic conditions and conflict are at higher risk of high food prices and non-affordability.

Production pathway of smallholders to nutrition-sensitive agriculture in Northwest Ethiopia

Nutrition-sensitive agriculture is an approach that aims to ensure the production of affordable, safe, culturally appropriate, and nutritious foods in sufficient quantity and quality to meet dietary needs. This study aims to examine the production pathway by which smallholder farmers adopt nutrition-sensitive agriculture in northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected from 478 randomly sampled households through a structured questionnaire-based survey, observations, and group discussions. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the influences of demographic, socioeconomic, and institutional explanatory variables on the production of various food groups in households. Arable land owned by households, the use of irrigation, access to the nearest markets, contacts with agricultural extension workers, and management practices affect plant-sourced food production. On the other hand, the number of livestock owned, the total crop produced, and contacts with extension workers affected animal-sourced food production. However, different factors, such as technological, institutional, and managerial challenges, that include dependency on rain-fed and free-grazing-based traditional herding systems adversely affect the production pathway to nutrition-sensitive agriculture. The study concludes that improving agricultural extension services, promoting small-scale irrigation schemes, and introducing improved animal feeding with improved crop and livestock management techniques could significantly contribute to increased household availability of diversified foods.

Can Non-farm Employment Improve Dietary Diversity of Left-Behind Family Members in Rural China?

Rural residents in China are still at risk of malnutrition, and increasing dietary diversity is crucial to improving their health. This study empirically analyzed the impact of non-farm employment on the dietary diversity of rural left-behind family members based on the China Land Economy Survey (CLES) 2020-2021 panel data at the farm and village levels. Dietary diversity was measured using the dietary diversity score (DDS) and the Chinese Food Guide Pagoda Score (CFGPS). The empirical results show that non-farm employment significantly enhances the dietary diversity of rural left-behind household members, including animal food diversity and plant food diversity. This result verifies the altruism phenomenon of non-farm employment in family diet. Mechanism analysis shows that non-farm employment enhances the dietary diversity of rural left-behind family members by increasing the level of family income, Internet accessibility, and family education. Heterogeneity analysis shows that non-farm employment does not enhance the dietary diversity of rural empty nesters and even has a negative impact. This reminds us that the nutritional health of rural empty nesters needs attention in the context of rapid urbanization and aging.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN TEH HERBAL KULIT BUAH PALA DI DESA LILIBOOI, KECAMATAN LEIHITU BARAT, KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

Tea is a drink that has long been known and has experienced a lot of food diversification in producing various types of tea drinks whose raw materials do not come from Camelia sinensis tea leaves but come from flowers, seeds, leaves, roots, fruit peel, and fruit flesh from various This type of plant is also known as herbal tea. The herb has a distinctive aroma, taste, and bioactive components that benefit health. Herbal tea of nutmeg peel has advantages over non-herbal tea, namely that it is effective as a functional drink or can also be used as a refreshing drink for the body. In making tea, a drying process is carried out, which aims to reduce the water content to a specific limit in the raw materials and inhibit microbial growth so that herbal tea can be stored for a long time and is not easily damaged during storage. Several drying methods can be used to make herbal tea, one of which is roasting. The roasting process in making this tea will result in the product experiencing color, texture, and flavor changes. Through this activity, the community's knowledge, skills, and herbal tea products produced can be used as business opportunities

Exploring the modulatory effect of trehalose-derived galactooligosaccharides on key gut microbiota groups

Trehalose (α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1–1)-α-D-glucopyranoside) has found applications in diverse food products as a sweetener, stabilizer, and humectant. Recent attention has focused on trehalose due to its contradictory effects on the virulence of Clostridium difficile. In this study, we investigate the impact of novel trehalose-derived galactooligosaccharides (Treh-GOS) on the human gut microbiota using in vitro fecal fermentation models. Distinct Treh-GOS structures elicit varying taxonomic responses. For instance, β-Gal-(1–4)-trehalose [DP3(1–4)] leads to an increase of Bifidobacterium, comparable to results observed with commercial GOS. Conversely, β-Gal-(1–6)-trehalose [DP3(1–6)] prompts an increase in Lactobacillus. Notably, both of these trisaccharides yield the highest concentrations of butyric acid across all samples. On the other hand, Treh-GOS tetrasaccharide mixture (DP4), featuring a novel trehalose galactosylation in both glucose units, fosters the growth of Parabacteroides. Our findings underscore the capacity of novel Treh-GOS to modulate the human gut microbiota. Consequently, these innovative galactooligosaccharides emerge as promising candidates for novel prebiotic applications.

Supplementation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) residue for growth and lactic acid production of probiotic bacterial Lactobacillus spp.

Date palm is an age-old cultivated plant that thrives in tropical and subtropical regions. The date palm is a bountiful source of carbohydrates, encompassing sucrose, glucose, and fructose and proteins. The date industry generates a significant volume of unused by-products. Dates offer a diverse range of by-products beyond the agri-food sector. LAB have garnered extensive utilisation across diverse food sectors, spanning meat, vegetables, beverages, dairy products, and other fermented foods. In the quest for establishing a new large-scale fermentation process for lactic acid there has been a concerted effort to utilise more cost-effective medium components. In the present work, date palm residue (DPR) derived from date palm fruit, after sugar extraction, was incorporated into MRS. The fermentation process was executed through two distinct fermentation systems. Initially, experiments were conducted in flasks. Afterward, the optimal conditions for bacterial growth were determined, and the experiment was carried out using a bioreactor. DPR supported the probiotic Lactobacillus spp. growth especially after 48 h incubation. The prebiotic effect of DPR on Lactobacillus spp. was reported. An increase in the total number of bacterial populations was observed in response to the addition the DPR until 48 h. Specifically, the supplementing DPR at a concentration of 1.5% in batch fermentation enhanced the growth and lactic acid production of Lactobacillus casei. This study suggests that DPR could potentially function as an economical prebiotic source and could be seamlessly incorporated as a functional food ingredient, thereby transforming a waste product into an economically sustainable food substrate.