Divergent Thinking Ability Research Articles

The effectivity of problem-based learning assisted by snakes and ladders games on students divergent thinking ability

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of problem-based learning assisted by the game of snakes and ladders on students' divergent thinking skills. The type of research is quasi-experimental, and it was conducted at a public junior high school in Semarang for the 2022/2023 academic year. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling, the population in this study was the entire class VIII, and the sample in the study was class VIII F as the experiment class (KF) and class VIII E as the control class (KE). The instrument used was a test result of student learning with five description questions, the hypothesis test used is one sample t-test, independent t-test, and z-test with sig 0.05. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the experimental class learning outcomes were higher than the control class learning outcomes. One sample t-test obtained that t count = 6.045 while t table = 0.683, so that t count > t table, it can be said that KF capability average exceeds 70, independent t-test obtained sig < 0.05 which is 0.001. The average of students with learning model problem-based learning with the help of snakes and ladders game on divergent thinking ability more than the average divergent thinking ability of mathematics. It can be said that 75% of students in the experimental class completed it classically. Learning with problem-based learning assisted by snake and ladder games on the students' divergent thinking skills was effective for the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII students.

The Role of Teacher Feedback and Peer Feedback on the Promotion of High School Continuous Writing

The continuous writing requires students to continue to write a reasonable ending according to the meaning expressed in the original text, focusing on examining the students' divergent thinking and innovation ability. It seems that teachers provide students with the opportunity to write after reading, which can promote the overall improvement of students' language expression and thinking ability. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of teacher feedback and peer feedback on the promotion of high school continuous writing. The main purpose of this paper is to study whether the classroom teaching mode of high school continuous writing can improve students' writing level and stimulate students' interest in writing, and how to use this mode. This research uses the experimental method and the questionnaire survey method to collect data, analyze the problems existing in the teaching mode of reading and writing, and understand students' views on reading and writing. By analyzing the data, 90% of the students in the experimental class needed the help of their peers in writing, which demonstrated the feasibility of teaching writing after reading.

Immersive and maladaptive daydreaming and divergent thinking in autism spectrum disorders.

Little is known about the internal mental experiences of individuals with ASD. While some research suggests a limited capacity for imagination, other studies show heightened interest in fantasy and unique forms of creative thinking in ASD. This study explored daydreaming experiences in adults with ASD, with a focus on immersive daydreaming and its relation to divergent thinking abilities. Individuals with and without a diagnosis of ASD were surveyed on their daydreaming habits and completed a divergent thinking task. Experiences of immersive daydreaming were identified in 42% of adults with ASD and were related to broad ASD traits in those without a diagnosis of ASD. However, ASD diagnosis was unrelated to originality of divergent thinking, which was negatively associated with immersive daydreaming. Moreover, daydreaming experiences in ASD were diverse. A more nuanced understanding of the mental experiences in ASD may assist in the development of interventions and support for this population.

Research on the Hierarchical Interactive Teaching of Middle School Chemistry Based on the Theory of "Mind Map"

The hierarchical interactive teaching model under the guidance of mind map theory advocates problem stratification, intelligence stratification, interactive teaching, cooperative learning, which comprehensively cultivates students' divergent thinking and inquiry ability on the basis of respecting students' differentiated development, so as to implement the core literacy of chemistry. It is a good teaching mode of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Based on the actual situation of middle school chemistry teaching in China, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current teaching, discusses the relationship between this model and China′s education policy, as well as the specific methods and strategies of application in middle school teaching design. Taking "The Properties of Chlorine" as an example, the specific teaching design is carried out to explore the specific path of integrating hierarchical interactive teaching mode into chemistry teaching in China, in order to promote the application of this mode in high school chemistry teaching.

Implementation of Outcome Based Education for the course Digital Image Processing.

Achieving Outcome Based Education (OBE) in engineering education is a challenging task for the instructor. The cycle starts from the process of curriculum design for the course ‘Digital Image Processing’ by incorporating the inputs from different stake holders. Program Outcomes (POs) and Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs) are attained through balanced course design and achieving the Course Outcomes by various evaluation methods. The next challenge is to improve the traditional teaching learning methods by implementation of innovative techniques for effective delivery of the course and to increase the engagement of the students. Students should be able to apply, analyze and evaluate a given problem statement and build/simulate an algorithm/system in the course. Continuous assessment is followed in the laboratory sessions and Open-ended assignments are given to the students to stimulate divergent thinking abilities about a given problem. Feedback of theory and laboratory sessions is taken from the students and its analysis is carried out based on assignments, examinations and mini projects.

Creative actions in team sports are rooted in motor skills rather than in a divergent thinking ability

Creative actions are considered decisive in team sports. In most empirical studies on the topic so far, creativity has been understood as a player’s divergent thinking (DT) ability. Sport-specific DT has been assessed by the number, variety and originality of ideas a player is able to generate in response to game situations. Numerous studies indicate that DT can be improved with training. However, the fundamental assumption that enhanced DT transfers to creative on-field actions has yet to be examined. Alternatively, we argue that players’ potential to perform creative actions is foremost rooted in their motor-skill repertoire rather than in DT. In a field-based experiment, predictions deduced from both explanations were put to test. Elite youth football players participated in training interventions to enhance either football-specific DT (DT group) or their motor-skill repertoire (functional skills; FS group). Before and after the interventions, we assessed players’ football-specific DT as well as the functionality and creativity of actions performed on-field using expert ratings. As expected, in DT, the DT group improved more than the FS group. On the field, however, improvements in DT did not manifest in more creative actions. Rather, the FS group showed more pronounced improvements not only in the functionality but also in the creativity of on-field actions. This pattern of results challenges the so far predominant theoretical framework for creativity in sports. For sports practice, our findings suggest that on-field creativity is better fostered by enhancing players’ motor skills—and thus expanding their own action repertoire—than by improving DT.

Leveraging divergent thinking to enhance the academic performance of engineering students with executive functioning difficulties

Executive functioning (EF) is a set of high-level cognitive skills, including planning, organizing, prioritizing, logical and contextual thinking, understanding, working memory, and self-monitoring. Though these skills are critical for academic success across fields, engineering education may be especially demanding for those with poor EF. One potential resource that may help to buffer against the negative effects of poor EF on academic achievement is divergent thinking. This study examined the role of divergent thinking as a moderating variable in the relationship between EF and academic achievement in engineering education. Undergraduate engineering students completed a self-report scale of EF and tests assessing figural and verbal divergent thinking, across multiple study sessions. Participants’ GPA was obtained from the university registrar's office. Participant data (N = 199) were analyzed using correlational analysis and a multiple moderation model. Results showed that EF scores and engineering GPA were significantly negatively correlated, and that figural (yet not verbal) divergent thinking moderated the association. A greater frequency of behaviors reflecting problems with overall daily EF was associated with lower GPA for those with relatively lower figural divergent thinking ability. Thus, figural divergent thinking may be one personal resource that can be leveraged to enhance academic achievement in engineering students with poor EF.

The interplay of ADHD characteristics and executive functioning with the GPA and divergent thinking of engineering students: A conceptual replication and extension.

Characteristics of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and executive functioning difficulties have been found to correspond with poorer academic outcomes on the one hand and enhanced divergent thinking on the other hand. The current study was conducted to better understand the relationship between ADHD characteristics, executive functioning difficulties, divergent thinking, and academic outcomes by conceptually replicating and expanding on a previous study. Undergraduate engineering students (N = 199) at a public university in the northeastern United States completed self-report measures of ADHD characteristics and daily executive functioning, as well as divergent thinking (figural and verbal) and intelligence quotient (IQ) tests. The results of a series of multiple regression models showed that (1) executive functioning difficulties negatively, and non-verbal IQ and figural divergent thinking positively, predicted engineering grade point average (GPA; obtained from the university registrar’s office), (2) GPA and verbal IQ positively predicted figural divergent thinking scores, and (3) verbal IQ positively predicted verbal divergent thinking scores. A series of multiple regression models testing the assertion that controlling for IQ would strengthen the relationship between divergent thinking and ADHD characteristics or executive functioning were not supported but did show associations between select components of characteristics and divergent thinking. Taken together, these results support previous conclusions that students with ADHD characteristics and executive functioning difficulties may struggle academically yet exhibit select enhanced divergent thinking abilities.

Ecological Momentary Assessment of Creative Ideation

Abstract. Creative ideas in daily life show substantial variation in quality. Yet, most studies investigate the creative ideation process in highly controlled laboratory contexts, which challenges the ecological validity of creativity research findings. In this article, we advocate the use of ambulatory assessments of creative ideation to gain deeper insight into the variability of ideation processes (between- and within-subjects) in everyday life. We demonstrate this approach by the example of the ambulatory battery of creativity (ABC), which constitutes a reliable and valid approach to assess divergent thinking ability in the verbal and figural domain in everyday life context. Furthermore, it differentiates between-person and within-person variation of creative ideation performance. The first part of this paper will shortly describe the general approach using ABC as an example. In the second part, we use the 7 C’s heuristic to explore applications and implications of this novel method for creativity research. We focus on four C’s with special relevance for ambulatory assessment: Creator, Creating, Context, and Curricula. To this end, we review the findings of strongly controlled laboratory studies and discuss and illustrate applications of the ambulatory assessment. We conclude that the assessment of creative ideation performance in the field might help move the spotlight of creative ideation research from the laboratory to more naturalistic settings. This would increase the ecological validity of creative ideation research and facilitate fresh or unprecedented perspectives on past and future questions on a person’s creative potential and its moment-to-moment fluctuation.

Fixation, flexibility, and creativity: The dynamics of mind wandering.

The mind-wandering literature is long on results and short on theory. One notable exception is the Dynamic Framework, a theoretical framework that characterizes mind wandering as thoughts that are relatively unconstrained from deliberate and automatic sources, or "freely moving." Critically, this framework makes numerous testable predictions, including (a) a positive association between freely moving thought and ADHD, (b) negative associations between freely moving thought and depression, anxiety, and OCD, and (c) a positive association between freely moving thought and divergent thinking ability. In Study 1, to test these predictions, we measured participants' reports of freely moving thoughts during a cognitive task and assessed divergent thinking and various psychopathological symptoms. Results failed to support any of the Dynamic Framework's predictions. In Study 2, we assessed the predicted relations between freely moving thought and divergent-thinking performance by manipulating thought constraint during a creative-incubation interval that preceded a divergent-thinking task. Here, we found some evidence (albeit very weak) to support the Dynamic Framework's prediction. Finally, in Study 3, we examined the possibility that indexing freely moving thought during a divergent-thinking task would yield the predicted associations but failed to find support for these associations. These results, most of which are at odds with the predictions of the Dynamic Framework, suggest either the need to revise the framework and/or that current methods are inadequate to properly test these predictions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Divergent but not Convergent Thinking Mediates the Trait Emotional Intelligence-Real-World Creativity Link: An Empirical Study

ABSTRACT The current research looks at creativity as a construct resulting from a blend of interacting individual resources and investigates, in a sample of 63 young adults, the extent to which real-world creative production is supported by trait emotional intelligence (EI), through creative thinking, including both divergent thinking (DT) and convergent thinking (CT). This study hypothesizes a parallel mediation model, with trait EI as the independent variable, DT and CT as the mediators, and creative production as the dependent variable. Trait EI is evaluated using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Version, DT and CT are assessed by the Alternative Uses Task and the Remote Associates test, respectively, whereas real-world creative production by the Visual Creative Synthesis Task. Results reveal that only DT fully mediated the relationship between trait EI and real-world creativity. These findings suggest that trait EI, encompassing well-being, self-control, emotionality, and sociability, involves a better DT ability, which in turn increases the likelihood of producing a creative invention. The failure of the mediating role of CT is explained considering the different demands of flexibility, exploration of alternatives, and attentional resources between DT and CT. Future directions are also discussed.

Pengembangan Aplikasi Chosen Case Study (CCS) untuk Meningkatkan Divergent dan Convergent Thinking Mahasiswa

Convergent thinking is finding the best idea or solution for each problem is solved. At the same time, divergent thinking is a process of finding and creating several unique solutions according to the problem being solved. The convergent thinking process is spontaneous and accessible, while divergent thinking is more systematic and logical. Chosen Case Study (CCS) is an application developed for learning activities to stimulate students' mindsets to think critically and solve solutions. This application will provide several features that learning can use in learning. This application can later be accessed by students quickly and practically. This application can also be used easily via gadgets anywhere and anytime. Students' thinking skills are trained to sort and select cases and ideas related to a problem and produce the best solution based on this application. This application can also be used in the courses studied by students of the Faculty of Economics, UNP, and is not limited to one course. This research is a research & development research with a development product in a Chosen Case Study (CCS) application. The development model used uses a 4D model from Thiagarajan and Semmel, consisting of four defining, planning, developing, and disseminating. From the expert validation tests, the assessment results showed an average of 80.3% in terms of media feasibility and an average value of 81.33% for the feasibility of the material contained in the Chosen Case Study (CCS) application. Chosen Case Study (CCS) application is a proper application that can be used as a learning medium to improve the convergent and divergent thinking abilities of students majoring in Economics Education.Keywords: convergent thinking, divergent thinking, chosen case study

The Profiles of Creative Students

Students may differ on their standards of performance, reasons for attending school, beliefs about their academic and creative abilities, and the importance they place on school and creativity. The current study employed Latent Profile Analyses to identify sub-populations of university students based on the following seven indicators: standards of perfectionsim and excellencism, academic autonomous motivation, controlled motivation and amotivation, as well as academic and creative self-concepts. From a sample of n = 184 university students, five profiles were identified. The profiles could be described as Perfectionists with controlled motivation, Excellentists with autonomous motivation, Intermediate strivers with autonomous motivation, Intermediate strivers with controlled motivation, and Low strivers. The profiles were regressed onto various academic and creative outcomes. The results of three profiles in particular offered informative comparisons. In particular, the Perfectionists and the Excellentists profiles had similar achievement goals orientations (i.e., high on performance and mastery) but different motivational profiles and different divergent thinking abilities. The Excellentists profiles was higher than all the other profiles on divergent thinking except the Low strivers. The Low strivers profile was low on all achievement goal orientations but high on divergent thinking abilities. We discuss the implications of finding creative profiles within the academic environment and situate our findings within the achievement goals literature.

The Cognitive–Creative Profiles of Insightful Problem Solvers: A Person‐Centered Insight Study

AbstractThis study aimed to portray insightful problem solvers. Participants solved classic insight problems and rebuses and completed cognitive and creativity tasks. Grouping the participants based on their success in solving insight problems of different modalities revealed that 95% of the spatial problem solvers succeeded in solving verbal ones (spatial verbal solvers) but not vice versa. Verbal problem solvers were not necessarily able to solve spatial ones. A latent class analysis (LCA) based on relationships among the cognitive and creativity variables confirmed these two types of insightful solvers. It portrayed two compatible classes of experts and successful solvers alongside two classes of low‐level solvers. The former classes excelled in solving rebuses and verbal problems, yet the experts outperformed the others in spatial problems. Both classes scored higher in spatial divergent thinking measures than the low‐level solvers. However, the experts benefited additionally from verbal divergent thinking and associative combination ability. Seemingly, should retrieval of diverse ideas be insufficient to solve the problem, the experts combine ideas by a novel association, thereby generating an insight. Moreover, individual differences in working memory indicated that experts favor associative–automatic strategy, whereas successful solvers utilize analytic strategy. These profiles illuminate “insight” in terms of cognitive and creative styles.

Varieties of Inner Speech and Creative Potential

Inner speaking, the covert talking that goes on inside a person's mind, can shape creative thought. How the phenomenological properties and quality of inner speaking correlate with a person's creative potential, however, is an open scientific problem. To explore this, participants ( n = 267) filled in the revised Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire and the revised Launay Slade Hallucination Scale (auditory subscale), and performed three tests of creative potential: one divergent (Alternative Uses Test) and two convergent thinking tests (Compound Remote Associates Test, short Hagen Matrices Test). The results showed that a tendency to engage in condensed and evaluative/ critical inner speaking negatively correlated with convergent thinking ability; and the results pointed toward a potential negative correlation of auditory hallucination proneness with divergent and convergent thinking ability. No evidence was found for a correlation of the dialogicality, imagining of others’ voices, or positive/regulatory aspect of the participants day-to-day inner speech, with creative potential. Herewith, the presented study contributes novel insight into the relationship between the varieties of inner speech and creative potential.

Using Computer Cognitive Atlas to Improve Students' Divergent Thinking Ability

Human society has entered the era of intelligence. Social development in the era of intelligence has spawned a large number of intelligent applications. Intelligent applications have put forward unprecedented requirements on the level of cognitive intelligence of machines, and the realization of machine cognitive intelligence depends on knowledge map technology. Divergent thinking is an important part of thinking and an important indicator for measuring innovative thinking. The research in this article found that after the experiment, the associated probabilities of the F values of fluency, flexibility, uniqueness, semantic divergence, graphical divergence, and problem divergence were 0.389, 0.442, 0.594, 0.267, 0.319, and 0.478, which were all greater than the significance level of 0.05, That is, the divergent thinking ability of the experimental group has been significantly improved. The results of this study show that the use of computer cognitive maps can improve students' divergent thinking ability.

The effect of learning models and divergent thinking on higher-order thinking skills

This study aims to determine the effect of interaction between Problem Based Learning models, Creative Problem-Solving models, and divergent thinking on high order thinking skills. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental design with treatment by level 2x2. The sample number of this study is as many as 120 students of grade X high school. The sample was divided into two, namely the control class and the experimental class. The control class was given learning using the Problem Based Learning model while the experimental class used the Creative Problem Solving model by having high and low divergent thinking skills. Data about students’ high order thinking skills were obtained using a test in the form of an essay consisting of 5 questions and analyzed using the two-way ANOVA statistical test and the Tukey test as a follow-up test. The results showed that 1) there is a difference in high order thinking students who use the creative problem-solving model with students who use the problem-based learning model, 2) there is a difference in high order thinking skills between students with high divergent thinking ability with low divergent ability students and 3) there is an influence of interaction between learning model and divergent thinking ability to high order thinking skill.

Развитие творческих способностей у детей дошкольного возраста с помощью игры

The article is devoted to the study of creativity and creative abilities of preschoolers, which are manifested in various types of activity, including visual. The authors proceed from the positions according to which creativity should be developed in a child from early childhood. The article contains a description of approaches to the development of the creative abilities of preschoolers. It is shown that creativity, divergent thinking abilities are successfully developed with purposeful learning. The description of the study of the effectiveness of play in the development of creative abilities in preschool children is given. The results obtained made it possible to assess the dynamics of the level of development of creative abilities in preschoolers. The main indicators in assessing the success of the test were fluency, flexibility, originality and sophistication. The analysis of drawings was focused on measuring the fluency of thinking by the number of figures completed in the allotted time; flexibility of thinking for a variety of ideas; originality of thinking according to the ability of children to put forward ideas that differ from generally known ones; elaboration according to the number of invented details of each drawing. The dependence of the manifestations of these characteristics by children on the program used by the teacher was found. A higher level of indicators was found in the group that was trained in visual arts through games. The program for the development of creative abilities has shown effectiveness in the development of the creative individuality of preschoolers. The program should become an integral and integral part of the work of preschool educational institutions to develop creative abilities in older preschoolers.

Effect of Applied Design Thinking Courses

This study examines learning outcomes by applying design thinking to logic and writing in the area of education, educational philosophy and in history classes. It also provides basic data on whether to expand the application to other classes. The results of the study are as follows: First, in creative thinking competency, the average score of the students was higher than before in all divergent thinking abilities, adventure and curiosity, intellectual inquiry, but not for original flexibility. The difference between the means was statistically significant (p < .05). Second, in emotional intelligence improvement, the average was higher than before in all forms of emotion recognition and expression, empathy, thinking promotion, and emotion utilization. Only with emotional regulation did the average score not increase. The difference between the means was statistically significant (p < .05). Third, design thinking was effective in five categories of learning outcomes. From this study, we found that using design thinking is meaningful in improving the ability of students to solve problems related to creative thinking and emotional intelligence.

Using Computer Cognitive Atlas to Improve Students' Divergent Thinking Ability

Human society has entered the era of intelligence. Social development in the era of intelligence has spawned a large number of intelligent applications. Intelligent applications have put forward unprecedented requirements on the level of cognitive intelligence of machines, and the realization of machine cognitive intelligence depends on knowledge map technology. Divergent thinking is an important part of thinking and an important indicator for measuring innovative thinking. The research in this article found that after the experiment, the associated probabilities of the F values of fluency, flexibility, uniqueness, semantic divergence, graphical divergence, and problem divergence were 0.389, 0.442, 0.594, 0.267, 0.319, and 0.478, which were all greater than the significance level of 0.05, That is, the divergent thinking ability of the experimental group has been significantly improved. The results of this study show that the use of computer cognitive maps can improve students' divergent thinking ability.