Divergence Field Research Articles

Retinal optic flow during natural locomotion.

We examine the structure of the visual motion projected on the retina during natural locomotion in real world environments. Bipedal gait generates a complex, rhythmic pattern of head translation and rotation in space, so without gaze stabilization mechanisms such as the vestibular-ocular-reflex (VOR) a walker's visually specified heading would vary dramatically throughout the gait cycle. The act of fixation on stable points in the environment nulls image motion at the fovea, resulting in stable patterns of outflow on the retinae centered on the point of fixation. These outflowing patterns retain a higher order structure that is informative about the stabilized trajectory of the eye through space. We measure this structure by applying the curl and divergence operations on the retinal flow velocity vector fields and found features that may be valuable for the control of locomotion. In particular, the sign and magnitude of foveal curl in retinal flow specifies the body's trajectory relative to the gaze point, while the point of maximum divergence in the retinal flow field specifies the walker's instantaneous overground velocity/momentum vector in retinotopic coordinates. Assuming that walkers can determine the body position relative to gaze direction, these time-varying retinotopic cues for the body's momentum could provide a visual control signal for locomotion over complex terrain. In contrast, the temporal variation of the eye-movement-free, head-centered flow fields is large enough to be problematic for use in steering towards a goal. Consideration of optic flow in the context of real-world locomotion therefore suggests a re-evaluation of the role of optic flow in the control of action during natural behavior.

Invariant manifold approach for quantifying the dynamics of highly inertial particles in steady and time-periodic incompressible flows.

The dynamics of finite-sized particles with large inertia are investigated in steady and time-dependent flows through the numerical solution of the invariance equation, describing the spatiotemporal evolution of the slow/inertial manifold representing the effective particle velocity field. This approach allows for an accurate reconstruction of the effective particle divergence field, controlling clustering/dispersion features of particles with large inertia for which a perturbative approach is either inaccurate or not even convergent. The effect of inertia on heavy and light particles is quantified in terms of the rate of contraction/expansion of volume elements along a particle trajectory and of the maximum Lyapunov exponent for systems exhibiting chaotic orbits, such as the time-periodic sine-flow on the 2D torus and the time-dependent 2D cavity flow.

Characteristic and Necessary Minutiae in Fingerprints

AbstractFingerprints feature a ridge pattern with moderately varying ridge frequency (RF), following an orientation field (OF), which usually features some singularities. Additionally at some points, called minutiae, ridge lines end or fork and this point pattern is usually used for fingerprint identification and authentication. Whenever the OF features divergent ridge lines (e.g., near singularities), a nearly constant RF necessitates the generation of more ridge lines, originating at minutiae. We call these the necessary minutiae. It turns out that fingerprints feature additional minutiae which occur at rather arbitrary locations. We call these the random minutiae or, since they may convey fingerprint individuality beyond the OF, the characteristic minutiae. In consequence, the minutiae point pattern is assumed to be a realization of the superposition of two stochastic point processes: a Strauss point process (whose activity function is given by the divergence field) with an additional hard core, and a homogeneous Poisson point process, modelling the necessary and the characteristic minutiae, respectively. We perform Bayesian inference using an Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo (MCMC)-based minutiae separating algorithm (MiSeal). In simulations, it provides good mixing and good estimation of underlying parameters. In application to fingerprints, we can separate the two minutiae patterns and verify by example of two different prints with similar OF that characteristic minutiae convey fingerprint individuality.

Divergence and Curl of COVID19 Spreading in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan

This paper explores the COVID19 transmission pattern and circulation dynamics in the Euclidean space at the lower peninsula of Michigan by using the divergence and curl concept in vector field. The COVID19 transmission volume flux can be calculated for each county by using vector divergence. The results shows Wayne county had the highest divergence (162660), the Kent county had the second highest divergence (152540), and the Saginaw county had the third highest divergence (103240), the divergence is positive which means the COVID19 virus was transmitted from these counties to other places. The results also shows Monroe county had the lowest divergence (-187843), the Allegan county had the second lowest number in divergence (-90824), the divergence is negative which means the COVID19 virus was transmitted from other places to these counties. The circulation of the virus is also calculated by using vector curl. The positive curl means that the virus has circulated in a counter-clockwise direction, and the negative curl means the virus has circulated in a clockwise direction.
 
 The divergence is an operator of the COVID19 transmission vector field, which produces a scalar field giving the quantity of the transmission vector field’s source at each location. The COVID19 spreading volume density of the outward flux of transmission field is represented by divergence around a given location. 
 
 The curl is an operator of the COVID19 transmission field, which describes the circulation of a transmission vector field. The curl at a location in COVID19 transmission field is represented by a vector whose length and direction denote the magnitude and axis of the maximum circulation. The curl of a transmission field is formally defined as the circulation density at each location of COVID19 transmission field.

Comparison of Conventional and Constrained Variational Methods for Computing Large‐Scale Budgets and Forcing Fields

AbstractAnalyses of atmospheric heat and moisture budgets serve as an effective tool to study convective characteristics over a region and to provide large‐scale forcing fields for various modeling applications. This paper examines two popular methods for computing large‐scale atmospheric budgets: the conventional budget method (CBM) using objectively gridded analyses based primarily on radiosonde data and the constrained variational analysis (CVA) approach which supplements vertical profiles of atmospheric fields with measurements at the top of the atmosphere and at the surface to conserve mass, water, energy, and momentum. Successful budget computations are dependent on accurate sampling and analyses of the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere and the divergence field associated with convection and the large‐scale circulation that influences it. Utilizing analyses generated from data taken during Dynamics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign conducted over the central Indian Ocean from October to December 2011, we evaluate the merits of these budget approaches and examine their limitations. While many of the shortcomings of the CBM, in particular effects of sampling errors in sounding data, are effectively minimized with CVA, accurate large‐scale diagnostics in CVA are dependent on reliable background fields and rainfall constraints. For the DYNAMO analyses examined, the operational model fields used as the CVA background state provided wind fields that accurately resolved the vertical structure of convection in the vicinity of Gan Island. However, biases in the model thermodynamic fields were somewhat amplified in CVA resulting in a convective environment much weaker than observed.

A 45‐year climatology of extratropical cyclone locations relative to upper‐level jet streak determined by an automatic procedure

AbstractThe main purpose of the analysis is to characterize the location of extratropical lows relative to the jet streaks over Europe and the North Atlantic. Algorithms are presented for jet streak detection and cyclone positioning relative to jet streaks. All time steps in the tracked cyclone lifetime together as well as cyclogenesis, maximum deepening and cyclolysis stages separately are examined. The analysis includes strong jet streaks (>50 ms−1) detected in 300 hPa wind fields in the winter period (1958–2002). The location of cyclones in the jet streak‐associated coordinate system is determined. The cyclone positions, situated near jet streak (<1,300 km), are depicted in the circular distribution diagrams and counted within 15° intervals and jet streak quadrants. The distribution of low‐pressure systems at the cyclogenesis and maximum deepening stages resembles the four‐quadrant model of upper‐level divergence: modal intervals are situated in the Left Front (LF) (primary mode: 45–60°) and the Right Rear (RR) (secondary mode: 195–210°) quadrants. Significant changes in cyclone counts at the LF‐LR and LR‐RR boundaries are likely to be a response to the divergence field aloft. Bimodality is distinctly pronounced in the case of cyclogenesis events and maximum deepening phases. The cyclolysis sites are unimodally distributed with maximum frequency in the Left Rear (LR) quadrant. The modal intervals of cyclogenesis and maximum deepening samples deviate towards the LF‐LR and RR‐LR boundary lines from the bisectors of the LF and RR quadrants, respectively. Such angular displacement is congruent with the shift of divergence‐convergence meridional dipoles in the entrance and exit region towards the cyclonic side of the jet stream. The incipient and maximum deepening stages of cyclones are located within the divergent quadrants in almost 80% of cases (of those near jet streaks). Nearly 60% of the cyclolysis events are situated in the convergent quadrants.

Applying a new integrated mass-flux adjustment filter in rapid update cycling of convective-scale data assimilation for the COSMO model (v5.07)

Abstract. A new integrated mass-flux adjustment filter is introduced, which uses the analyzed integrated mass-flux divergence field to correct the analyzed wind field. The filter has been examined in twin experiments with rapid update cycling using an idealized setup for convective-scale radar data assimilation. It is found that the new filter slightly reduces the accuracy of background and analysis states; however, it preserves the main structure of cold pools and primary mesocyclone properties of supercells. More importantly, it considerably diminishes spurious mass-flux divergence and the high surface pressure tendency, and it thus results in more dynamically balanced analysis states. For the ensuing 3 h forecasts, the experiment that employs the filter becomes more skillful after 1 h. These preliminary results show that the filter is a promising tool to alleviate the imbalance problem caused by data assimilation, especially for convective-scale applications.

The Interannual Variability of the Tropical Divergence Tilt and Its Connection with the Extratropical Circulation

AbstractPrevious theoretical work has suggested that the strength of the divergent eddy momentum flux in the deep tropics, due to correlations between rotational zonal velocities and divergent meridional velocities, increases with the meridional tilt of the large-scale divergence field. To test that idea, this work investigates the interannual variability of the divergent eddy momentum flux in reanalysis data. Consistent with the theory, it is found that the eddy momentum flux variability is driven by two main parameters: the amplitude of the tropical stationary wave and the tilt of the divergence field. Together, these two parameters account for 80% (90%) of the interannual eddy momentum flux variance during boreal (austral) winter. The interannual variability of these parameters is governed by the internal atmospheric dynamics. During boreal winter, interannual changes in MJO variability explain nearly half of the interannual variance in the stationary wave amplitude, depending on whether on average MJO anomalies interfere constructively or destructively with the stationary wave. The interannual variability of the divergence phase tilt is modulated by tropical–extratropical interactions in the Pacific. The tilt increases during the negative phase of the west Pacific Oscillation associated with a dipole of upper-level divergence (convergence) on the northern (southern) side of the Pacific jet exit region.

Superclusters from velocity divergence fields

ABSTRACT Superclusters are a convenient way to partition and characterize the large-scale structure of the Universe. In this Letter, we explore the advantages of defining superclusters as watershed basins in the divergence velocity field. We apply this definition on diverse data sets generated from linear theory and N-body simulations, with different grid sizes, smoothing scales, and types of tracers. From this framework emerges a linear scaling relation between the average supercluster size and the autocorrelation length in the divergence field, a result that holds for one order of magnitude from 10 up to 100 Mpc h−1. These results suggest that the divergence-based definition provides a robust context to quantitatively compare results across different observational or computational frameworks. Through its connection with linear theory, it can also facilitate the exploration of how supercluster properties depend on cosmological parameters, paving the way to use superclusters as cosmological probes.

Geometric Variation in the Surface Rupture of the 2018 Mw7.5 Palu Earthquake from Subpixel Optical Image Correlation

We obtained high-resolution (10 m) horizontal displacement fields from pre- and post-seismic Sentinel-2 optical images of the 2018 Mw7.5 Palu earthquake using subpixel image correlation. From these, we calculated the curl, divergence, and shear strain fields from the north-south (NS) and east-west (EW) displacement fields. Our results show that the surface rupture produced by the event was distributed within the Sulawesi neck (0.0974–0.6632°S) and Palu basin (0.8835–1.4206°S), and had a variable strike of 313.0–355.2° and strike slip of 2.00–6.62 m. The NS and EW displacement fields within the Palu basin included fine-scale displacements in both the near- and far-fault, the deformation patterns included a small restraining bend (localized shortening), a distributed rupture zone, and a major releasing bend (net extension) from the curl, divergence, and shear strain. Surface rupture was dominated by left-lateral strike-slip from initiation to termination, with a localized normal slip component peaking at ~3.75 m. The characteristics and geometric variation of the ruptured fault controlled both the formation of these surface deformation patterns and sustained supershear rupture.

Comparison of Development Mechanisms of Two Cyclones Affecting Northeast China

Two cyclones (C304 and C502) generated in the Jianghuai Basin on 3-5 March 2007 and 2-3 May 2016, affect the northeast region in a similar way. However, their intensities are different. The development of C304 is strong whereas that of C502 is explosive. Based on NCEP FNL analysis data and conventional data, their development dynamics are comparatively analyzed, through diagnosis of vorticity advection, temperature advection, moist potential vorticity and frontogenesis function, combining with the circulations of high and low altitudes. The result shows that the vorticity factor and thermal factor play roles in deepening cyclone development and guiding cyclone movement. There are strong cold and warm temperature advections at low attitudes in the process of the strong evolution of C304. High-level positive vorticity advection located above the ground cyclone provides high-level divergence field. During the explosive development of C502, cold and warm advections are inconspicuous. Highly positive vorticity advection is located in front of the high-attitude trough. The development of high-level closed circulation is promoted by the high-level positive vorticity advection. As for C304, strong frontogenesis and frontolyzes symmetrically develop on the lower troposphere, whereas the baroclinicity of C502 is inconspicuous. Positive moist potential vorticities strongly develop in the upper and lower troposphere unusually. C304 vorticity increases mainly in the lower troposphere, however, C502 vorticity increases mainly in the upper troposphere where the high-humidity vortex tongue develops drooping and merges with the troposphere below the positive wet-position vortex column. Two cyclones develop with coexistence of two high-level jets, non-latitude jet and the anticyclonic curved circulation. Southerly and northerly airflows are established in the background of the cyclonic circulation at 850 hPa. C304 is located on the left front of the southerly airstream, and C502 is located between the southerly and northerly airstreams. Under the effect of low-level intensity convergence and high-level intensity scattering, the vertical ascent motion of C304 increases in lower to upper middle troposphere above the ground cyclone center. Under the strong high-level intensity scattering and weak low-level convergence, the vertical ascent movement of C502 occurs on both sides of the ground cyclone center and middle troposphere. Low-level baroclinic forcing is the main starting development mechanism of C304, and high-level vortex downward transmission is the main mechanism of C502 development.

Development of computationally efficient augmented Lagrangian SPH for incompressible flows and its quantitative comparison with WCSPH simulating flow past a circular cylinder

SummaryIn Lagrangian particle‐based methods such as smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), computing totally divergence‐free velocity field in a flow domain with the smallest error possible is the most critical issue, which might be achieved through solving pressure Poisson equation implicitly with higher particle resolutions. However, implicit solutions are computationally expensive and may be particularly challenging in the solution of multiphase flows with highly nonlinear deformations as well as fluid‐structure interaction problems. Augmented Lagrangian SPH (ALSPH) method is a new alternative algorithm as a prevalent pressure solver where the divergence‐free velocity field is achieved by iterative calculation of velocity and pressure fields. This study investigates the performance of the ALSPH technique by solving a challenging flow problem such as two‐dimensional flow around a cylinder within the Reynolds number range of 50 to 500 in terms of improved robustness, accuracy, and computational efficiency. The same flow conditions are also simulated using the conventional weakly compressible SPH (WCSPH) method. The results of ALSPH and WCSPH solutions are not only compared in terms of numerical validation/verification studies, but also rigorous investigations are performed for all related physical flow characteristics, namely, hydrodynamic coefficients, frequency domain analyses, and velocity divergence fields.

Tolerancia de la imprecisión en el estado de necesidad

En atención a la dogmática comparada, especialmente presente en Alemania, y con ocasión del estado de necesidad previsto en el artículo 10 N° 11 del Código Penal chileno, la investigación se hace cargo de la problemática del efecto justificante o exculpante de la eximente y propone una tolerancia de la imprecisión en torno a los efectos del estado de necesidad el modelo jurídico penal chileno. En lo fundamental se considera admisible un grado de indeterminación en torno a estos, aun en un campo de divergencia dogmática, en la medida en que se adopte una interpretación que explique las razones filosóficas y jurídicas de esta imprecisión.

The Impact of Airborne Doppler Aerosol Wind (DAWN) Lidar Wind Profiles on Numerical Simulations of Tropical Convective Systems during the NASA Convective Processes Experiment (CPEX)

AbstractHigh-spatiotemporal-resolution airborne Doppler Aerosol Wind (DAWN) lidar profiles over the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico region were collected during the NASA Convective Processes Experiment (CPEX) field campaign from 27 May to 24 June 2017. This study examines the impact of assimilating these wind profiles on the numerical simulation of moist convective systems using an Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model (WRF-ARW). A mesoscale convective system and a tropical storm (Cindy) that occurred on 16 June 2017 in a strong shear environment and on 21 June 2017 in a weak shear environment, respectively, are selected as case studies. The DAWN wind profiles are assimilated with the NCEP Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system using a three-dimensional variational (3DVar) and a hybrid three-dimensional ensemble-variational (3DEnVar) data assimilation systems to provide the initial conditions for a short-range forecast. Results show that the assimilation of DAWN wind profiles has significant positive impacts on convective simulations with the two assimilation approaches. The assimilation of DAWN wind profiles creates notable adjustments in the analysis of the divergence field for WRF simulations with a good agreement of wind forecasts with radiosonde observations. The quantitative precipitation forecasting is also improved. In general, the 3DEnVar data assimilation method is deemed more promising for DAWN data assimilation. There are cases with Tropical Storm Cindy in which DAWN data have slight to neutral impact on rainfall forecasts with 3DVAR, implying complicated interactions between errors of retrieved wind data and background error covariance in the lower and upper troposphere.

A Convection Nowcasting Method Based on Machine Learning

In this study, a convection nowcasting method based on machine learning was proposed. First, the historical data were back-calculated using the pyramid optical flow method. Next, the generated optical flow field information of each pixel and the Red-Green-Blue (RGB) image information were input into the Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) algorithm for training purposes. During the extrapolation process, dynamic characteristics such as the rotation, convergence, and divergence in the optical flow field were also used as predictors to form an optimal nowcasting model. The test analysis demonstrated that the algorithm combined the image feature extraction ability of the convolutional neural network (CNN) and the sequential learning ability of the long short-term memory network (LSTM) model to establish an end-to-end deep learning network, which could deeply extract high-order features of radar echoes such as structural texture, spatial correlation, and temporal evolution compared with the traditional algorithm. Based on learning through the above features, this algorithm can forecast the generation and dissipation trends of convective cells to some extent. The addition of the optical flow information can more accurately simulate nonlinear trends such as the rotation, or merging, or separation of radar echoes. The trajectories of radar echoes obtained through nowcasting are closer to their actual movements, which prolongs the valid forecasting period and improves forecast accuracy.

Study on the Structure of a Horizontal Shear Line over the Tibetan Plateau Based on CRA-Interim Datasets and Its Comparison with ERA-Interim Datasets

The CRA-Interim trial production of the global atmospheric reanalysis for 10 years from 2007 to 2016 was carried out by the China Meteorological Administration in 2017. The structural characteristics of the horizontal shear line over the Tibetan Plateau (TPHSL) based on the CRA-Interim datasets are examined by objectively identifying the shear line, and are compared with the analysis results of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data (ERA-Interim). The case occurred at 18UTC on July 5, 2016. The results show that both of the ERA-Interim and CRA-Interim datasets can well reveal the circulation background and the dynamic and thermal structure characteristics of TPHSL, and they have shown some similar features. The middle and high latitudes at 500 hPa are characterized by the circulation situation oftwo troughs and two ridges, and at 200 hPa, the TPHSL is located in the northeast quadrant of the South Asian High Pressure (SAHP). The TPHSL locates in the positive vorticity zone and passes through the positive vorticity center corresponding to the ascending motion. Near the TPHSL, the contours of pseudo-equivalent potential temperature (θse) tend to be intensive, with a high-value center on the south side of the TPHSL. The TPHSL can extend to 460 hPa and vertically inclines northward. There is a positive vorticity zone near the TPHSL which is also characterized by the northward inclination with the height, the ascending motion near the TPHSL can extend to 300 hPa, and the atmospheric layer above the TPHSL is stable. However, the intensities of the TPHSL's structure characteristics analyzed with the two datasets are different, revealing the relatively strong intensity of geopotential height field, vertical velocity field, vorticity field and divergence field from the CRA-Interim datasets. In addition, the vertical profiles of the dynamic and water vapor thermal physical quantities of the two datasets are also consistent in the east and west part of the TPHSL. In summary, the reliable and usable CRA-Interim datasets show excellent properties in the analysis on the structural characteristics of a horizontal shear line over the Tibetan Plateau.

Synergy of Satellite Remote Sensing and Numerical Ocean Modelling for Coastal Geomorphology Diagnosis

Sediment dynamics is the primary driver of the evolution of the coastal geomorphology and of the underwater shelf clinoforms. In this paper, we focus on mesoscale and sub-mesoscale processes, such as coastal currents and river plumes, and how they shape the sediment dynamics at regional or basin spatial scales. A new methodology is developed that combines observational data with numerical modelling: the aim is to pair satellite measurements of suspended sediment with velocity fields from numerical oceanographic models, to obtain an estimation of the sediment flux. A numerical divergence of this flux is then computed. The divergence field thus obtained shows how the aforementioned mesoscale processes distribute the sediments. The approach was applied and discussed on the Adriatic Sea, for the winter of 2012, using data provided by the ESA Coastcolour project and the output of a run of the MIT General Circulation Model.

An Exploration of Advanced SLW Modeling Approaches in Comprehensive Combustion Predictions

ABSTRACT Recent work demonstrated the integration of the Spectral Line Weighted-Sum-of-Gray-Gases (SLW) model for advanced modeling of gas radiation in high temperature gases in a comprehensive combustion modeling prediction scheme. This prior work compared predictions using the Reference Approach SLW model with the Domain Based Weighted-Sum-of-Gray-Gases model used in Fluent. The present work reports on the implementation of the Rank Correlated SLW model and the Locally Correlated SLW model in the combustion scenario studied in the earlier publication, complementing the Reference Approach SLW model predictions reported previously. The predictions confirm the need for such advanced radiation modeling to accurately resolve the radiative flux divergence and temperature fields, particularly in localized regions of the flame zone where very large differences in temperature and radiative heating may be found relative to the more rudimentary modeling approach. Results also reveal the dependence of the predictions for the three SLW model variants on the number of gray gases employed in the simulations. The Reference Approach and Locally Correlated SLW model predictions exhibit rather significant dependence on the number of gray gases used. It is shown that the Rank Correlated SLW model is the most robust of all models, and demonstrates that it can achieve accurate solutions with as few as 3–5 gray gases.

Condiciones de producción de la educación inclusiva

Este trabajo explora las condiciones de producción de la Educación Inclusiva. Es menester señalar que la comprensión de su fenómeno desborda las estructuras epistemológicas dominantes heredadas –y sus categorías–; más bien constituye un campo de la divergencia epistémica, enfatizando en el conjunto de condiciones que crean y garantizan su conocimiento. El trabajo analiza las dificultades analítico-metodológicas ligadas a la composición de su estructura teórica, devenido en la consolidación de un terreno fundamentalmente disputado por una multiplicidad de disciplinas académicas, discursos, concepciones políticas y corrientes críticas más prominentes de nuestra época. La epistemología de la Educación Inclusiva orienta su actividad hacia la creación de conceptos, herramientas metodológicas y saberes que permitan leer críticamente el presente. Una base epistemológica de naturaleza post-disciplinar, permite contrarrestar la exclusión de métodos producto de la separación de las disciplinas. Todo ello, permite reconocer que, el objeto de la Educación Inclusiva ha cambiado, no así sus métodos de aproximación, abordaje e investigación.

Polar Cyclones at the Origin of the Reoccurrence of the Maud Rise Polynya in Austral Winter 2017

AbstractThis study examines the role of atmospheric forcings in the occurrence of open‐ocean polynyas by investigating the case of the austral winter 2017's polynya located in the Lazarev Sea sector to the east of the Weddell Sea, known as the Maud Rise polynya or the Weddell Polynya. The ice‐free zone appeared in mid‐September 2017 and grew to as large as 80,000 km2 by the end of October 2017 before merging with the open ocean after the sea ice started to retreat at the beginning of the austral summer. Using a combination of satellite observations and reanalysis data at high spatiotemporal resolution, we found that severe cyclones, occurring over the ice pack, have a deterministic role in creating strong divergence in the sea ice field through strong cyclonic surface winds leading to the opening of the polynya. The occurrence of intense and frequent cyclones over the ice pack during austral winter 2017 was unusual, and it occurred under an enhanced strong positive meridional transport of heat flux and moisture toward Antarctica associated with an amplification of the atmospheric zonal wave 3 and a strong positive Southern Annular Mode index. We found that the opening of the polynya was not primarily due to direct ice melt by thermodynamic effects but rather to strong dynamical forcing by the winds on the sea ice, as in the case of coastal polynyas. Indeed, the meridional transport of heat toward Antarctica occurred over the Weddell Sea sector (i.e., to the east of the Lazarev Sea sector where the polynya is located) whereas the Lazarev Sea sector was under the influence of equatorward transport of cold air masses at that time. Our results show that the supply of warm and moist air coming from the west side of the South Atlantic Ocean into the Weddell Sea significantly increased the potential for cyclone formation as measured by the Eady growth rate leading to intense and frequent cyclogenesis over the ice pack, far south from the ice edge. After cyclogenesis in the Weddell Sea, these cyclones intensified as they moved eastward spinning over the Lazarev Sea with intensity comparable to category 11—violent storms—in the Beaufort scale. The cyclonic winds generated sea ice divergence by pushing the ice away from the cyclone center: To the east, north of it and to the west, south of it, which led to the reoccurrence of the Maud Rise polynya in mid‐September 2017.