South District Research Articles

LEARNER-ORIENTED INSTRUCTION AND DATA INTERPRETATION SKILLS OF STUDENTS IN MANAY SOUTH DISTRICT, DAVAO ORIENTAL

The study aimed to investigate the influence of learner-oriented instruction of teachers on the data interpretation skills of students. In this study, the researcher selected the 212 elementary school teachers in Manay South District in Davao Oriental as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected on the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and Linear Regression Analysis. Findings revealed that learner-oriented instruction of teachers and data interpretation skills of students in Manay South District in Davao Oriental were described as moderately extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between learner-oriented instruction of teachers and data interpretation skills of students in Manay South District in Davao Oriental. Evidently, regression analysis proved that learner-oriented instruction of teachers in terms of learner empowerment; self-directed learning; and active learning engagement significantly influenced the data interpretation skills of students in Manay South District in Davao Oriental. The study, therefore, conducted for further utilization of findings through publication in reputable research journal. KEYWORDS: Educational management, learner-oriented instruction of teachers, data interpretation skills of students, regression analysis, quantitative study

Influence of social capital on the stunting incidence in the south region of Cikarang sub-district, Bekasi regency, in 2022: a cross- sectional study

ABSTRACT Introduction: The problem of stunting is caused by many factors, including geographical, social, and political problems. The role of social capital has been shown to impact economic development and health in some countries, including the problem of stunting, but has not been widely studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of social capital on the incidence of stunting in South Cikarang Sub District, Bekasi Regency. Methods: The type of study is observational with a cross-sectional design. The population had 106 neighborhoods as respondents, with simple random sampling technique, and a total sample of 91 people. The research instrument uses a questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been tested. The independent variables studied were 7 variables. Univariate in the form of frequency distribution, Bivariate analysis using chi square followed by logistic regression to obtain a predictive model using SPSS Version 24. Result: 65.9% of neighborhoods have stunting rates in their area. This figure is still above the government's target. Of the 7 variables studied, all of them are related to the incidence of stunting. Suprastructure variables with p=0.001, community participation with p=0.004, community empowerment in development with p=0.001, community control in development and stunting events with a value of p=0.001, motives of empowerment in development with p=0.004, the existence of cadres as agents of change with p=0.001, involvement of various stakeholders with p=0.001. The most dominant factor is the suprastructure of various stakeholders, with p=0.001. The most dominant factor is the t variable, with OR=49.398 at 95% of CI (3.623–673.6). Predictive models are produced so that preventive efforts are expected to reduce the incidence of stunting. Conclusion: The high incidence of stunting in the neighborhood area shows that the social capital of the community still needs to be improved in handling stunting. Community groups in the neighborhoods that have poor suprastructure will be at risk of their area having a stunting incidence.Keywordsocial capital, stunting, incidence

Perceptions and adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to climate change in Builsa South district of Ghana

Perceptions and adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to climate change in Builsa South district of Ghana

Outbreak of waterborne acute diarrheal disease in a South District village of Tripura: A public health emergency in the Northeast region of India

Food and waterborne outbreaks are a neglected public health problem in India. However, it is important to identify the source of infection and the causative pathogen to curb the outbreak quickly and minimize mortality and morbidity. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted with a line list of 130 diarrheal cases. Epidemiological investigation and laboratory investigation were done. Data were collected from hospital case report forms as well as interviewed affected cases. A case of acute diarrheal disease was reported among the people in the village with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea from December 31, 2022 to January 3, 2023. Out of a total of 130 recorded cases, 33 stool samples were collected and were positive for Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri 3a, and Shigella sonnei by cultural and molecular tests. The presumptive fecal pollution indicator assay indicated high coliform counts in the water samples (most probable number [MPN]-05) and the presence of Escherichia coli. The identified pathogens showed susceptibility to gentamicin and meropenem. People who used public drinking water were found to be infected with acute diarrheal disease (ADD). Quick identification of the causative pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance pattern helped correct antibiotic prescriptions and quick recovery of the patients without any deaths. Thus, a timely implementation of food and waterborne outbreak investigation is crucial to saving lives and preventing the spread of infection.

Reading Skills Of Grade 4 Learners: Appreciation, Practices, And Challenges Of The Parents And Teachers In Bayugan South District

Reading Skills Of Grade 4 Learners: Appreciation, Practices, And Challenges Of The Parents And Teachers In Bayugan South District

Underweight and Predictors Among Children Aged 6-59 Months in South Ethiopia.

Underweight remains the primary public health concern among under-five-year-old children in Ethiopia, despite numerous government-implemented nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess underweight and associated factors among children in South Ethiopia. Between March and April 2021, 717 children in the South Ari district who were between the ages of 6 and 59months participated in a cross-sectional study. To choose a sample of households containing a minimum of one child between the ages of 6 and 59months, a multi-stage sampling procedure was used. Data were collected by interviewer-administered structured questionnaires from the mothers of the children. To determine the factors associated with being underweight, a binary logistic regression analysis was built. All variables with a p-value <0.25 in the bivariable analysis were entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis. To assess the strength of the association, an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used. With a p-value below 0.05, statistical significance was declared. The prevalence of underweight was determined to be 29.7% (95% CI: 26.5%, 33.2%). Child age 6-23months [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.18, 0.44], food insecurity (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.10), sub-optimal child dietary diversity (AOR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.03), birth interval <24months (AOR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.75, 3.54), and common childhood illness (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.52, 3.21) were associated with being underweight. Underweight among children is predicted by household food insecurity, suboptimal dietary diversity, and common childhood illnesses, necessitating further efforts to improve food security and manage common illnesses.

The assessment of pre-school program: The case of Indanan South District

This study is descriptive-exploratory research that aims to determine the impact of the preschool program on teacher respondents’ perceptions in the Indanan South District of Sulu. Various statistical tests, such as weighted mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’s r test, were used to analyze the data. The following findings were obtained from the study: The majority of the one hundred teacher respondents are married, between the ages of 26 and 30, female, possess a bachelor’s degree, and have worked for less than five years. The method of thinking subcategories pertaining to the influence of preschool programs on a child’s primary school performance received an “agree” rating with a weighted mean score of 3.71 and a standard deviation of 0.79174. The teacher respondents in the Indanan South District, on the other hand, rated the behavior-related subcategory as “moderately agree,” with a weighted mean score of 2.90 and a standard deviation of 0.85952. Regarding the perceived impact of the preschool program, age, gender, duration of service, civil status, and educational attainment did not correlate significantly. This finding indicates that, notwithstanding their demographic characteristics, the teacher participants held comparable perspectives regarding the influence of the preschool program in the Indanan South District. Moreover, a robust interdependence was observed among the subcategories pertaining to the magnitude of the influence of preschool programs in the Indanan South District, as evidenced by the high correlations between them.

Safety-in-Numbers for route choice of bicycle trips: A choice experiment approach for commuters

Safety-in-Numbers (SiN) implies that the risk of collision per road user is less when there are more road users. Although the available literature has confirmed the existence of SiN as an objective measure of safety, the effect on perceived safety, especially in the context of bicycle riders, has received much less attention. This study investigates the SiN effect on the perceived safety of bicycle riders that influences route choice behavior. A stated preference survey was performed in the South Delhi district of Delhi. The effect of attributes like posted speed limit, the volume of motorized traffic, bicycle infrastructure, and bicycle traffic/ crowding on route choice behavior was investigated. A binary logit model was developed to quantify the effect of these attributes on route choice. The results indicate that, in general, riders prefer routes with more bicycle traffic, hence validating SiN. But the effect does not always hold. For some riders, in the presence of dedicated bicycle infrastructure, when the perceived safety is higher, the presence of more bicycle traffic acts as crowding and demotivates riders to choose that route. The study also reveals that riders prefer routes with a low volume of motorized traffic and dedicated bicycle infrastructure. The outcomes suggest that a policy that encourages infrastructural development to provide lateral separation will encourage more people, hence increasing bicycle mode share as well as the perceived safety of riders.

Overview Implementation of the First Pillar Community-Based Total Sanitation Program

Community-based total sanitation (STBM) is an approach aimed at changing hygiene and sanitation behaviour through empowerment of the community through sanitation techniques. When most members of the group stop pissing, it's called a piss stop. (BABS). By 2023, 194 villages in South Aceh district have been STBMkan, 21 of them have been Open Defacation Free (ODF), and 239 of them are not yet. The aim of this study is to find out how effective the first pillar STBM program is. Input, Process, Output, and Output are four parts of the research approach. The number of informants is six. The South Aceh Health Service conducted the study from November to December. This research is a type of qualitative research and is designed as an Evaluation Study Design. Research shows that the public is not participating in the implementation of the first pillar STBM program in the area of work of the Health Department of the Cabinet of South Aceh. The results show that the first pillar STBM program still has shortcomings and constraints in its implementation.

Stakeholders’ Challenges in Implementing Printed Modular Instruction to Support Kindergarten Learners

This study determined the status and challenges of the printed modular instruction to Kindergarten learners of South District 7, Schools Division of Cebu City. There were 55 purposively selected respondents composed of school heads, teachers, and parents who expressed their perceptions on the challenges encountered in assisting the kindergarten learners enrolled during the pandemic and had of the printed modular instruction as an education delivery approach. The data gathered were organized, tallied, summarized, tabulated, and treated using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that school heads often encountered difficulty in providing help in terms of instruction to the learners providing help in terms of instructing to the learners providing help in terms of instruction to the learners providing help to learners in terms of instruction. Teachers rarely encounter problems, and parents consider the unavailability of mobile phones to contact the teacher as the top challenge. There was no significant relationship between the profile and the profiles of the school head respondents. There was no significant relationship between the profile of the kindergarten teacher respondents. There was a significant relationship between the educational attainment and family income profile of the kindergarten parent respondents. These findings stress the necessity for a broad-based, inclusive educational approach rather than individual solutions. Modular instruction and equal access to quality education for all students require tailored support for varied family circumstances and collaboration with all educational stakeholders of the pupils and improve the delivery of educational services.

209 Understanding Perceptions of Climate Stressors and Mitigation Measures Employed by Women Seaweed Farmers in South District of Zanzibar, Tanzania

209 Understanding Perceptions of Climate Stressors and Mitigation Measures Employed by Women Seaweed Farmers in South District of Zanzibar, Tanzania

The Influence of the Picture and Picture Learning Model Assisted by Audio Visual Media on Students' Social Sciences Learning Outcomes

Education is capable create source Power more human​ quality Because own good knowledge and skills.​ The picture and picture learning model is a learning model that uses picture as a learning medium supported by audio-visual media and will support enhancement results Study student. Formulation problem is There is the influence of the picture and picture model assisted by audio visual media on results studying social studies in class V at SDN Powaru. Research purposes Know the influence of the picture and picture model assisted by audio visual media on results studying social studies in class V at SDN Powaru. Type of research used in study This is type study quantitative. Method experiment is method study quantitative used​ For know the influence of the independent variable ( treatment ) on the dependent variable ( outcome ) in controlled conditions.​ A form of pre- experimental design was used is a one-group pretest- posttest design. Research result Implementation learning using the picture and picture learning model assisted by audio-visual media. Before start study first stage​ a pretest was carried out in the form of tests on students class V at SDN Powaru District​ South Bungku District. Morowali Central Sulawesi Province. Pretest was carried out to results learn social studies students class V before they given treatment form picture and picture learning assisted by audio visual media.

Assessment of Heavy Metal and E. coli Contamination in Water Sources of the East and South Districts, Sikkim Himalaya, India

Assessment of Heavy Metal and E. coli Contamination in Water Sources of the East and South Districts, Sikkim Himalaya, India

Evaluating Budget Functions for Effective Revenue and Expenditure Planning in Hulu River South District

The public sector budget has a function as a local financial management planning tool. BPKPD district of Hulu River South is an institution that carries out the duties of the local government in the planning of the regional budget. This study is aimed at finding out the application of budget functions as a tool for planning income and expenditure in the BPKPD district of Hulu River South. This study uses a method of quantitative research using a descriptive approach. The study uses three types of measurement analysis to find out the use of budget function as a planning tool, namely, the process of budgeting, the level of effectiveness of budget income, and the degree of efficiency as well as deviations in budget expenditures. The income budget effectiveness rate for 2022 reached 118.60% (more than 100%) with the category of highly effective, coming from three types of regional income. First, Regional Real Income with an efficiency ratio of 87.51% belongs to the effective category. Second, Transfer income with an effectiveness rate of 119.82% belonging to the highly efficient category. The calculation of the expenditure efficiency ratio showed less efficient access, with a ratio of 93.06%. Operations purchases obtained a rate of 75.92% in the efficient category. Capital purchases gained access to efficiency ratios of 91.41%, including the less effective category. Unexpected expenditures reached the rate of efficiency of 17.92%, in the highly efficient categories. Lastly, the transfer spending sector has an efficiency rate of 99.81% in the less efficient category. Secondly, the calculation of the variance analysis in the regional spending sector shows that the entire account in the local spending area has more variance. No spending account has a budget deficit as a result of the realization or achievement of greater income than estimated. The deviation that occurs on the entire account of the shopping sector is favorable.

Teachers' Welfare as Determinants of Students Learning Outcomes in Junior Secondary Schools in Delta South Senatorial District

The study examined teachers' welfare as determinants of students’ learning outcomes in Junior Secondary schools in Delta South Senatorial District. The study had a sample size of 364 participants, and the instruments employed were the teachers' welfare questionnaire and the mathematics BECE). An estimate of dependability, using the Cronbach alpha approach, was obtained, and the resulting reliability index was 0.78. The research questions were addressed by calculating the coefficient of determination using Pearson's product moment correlation. Based on this data, it was determined that there is a favorable association between teacher welfare, decent salary payment, teacher advancement, and teacher incentives and student learning outcomes in Junior Secondary Schools in Delta South Senatorial Districts of Delta State. A joyful teacher with first-class welfare package will increase their drive which will aid good outcome. Based on the study findings, it was recommended that teachers’ welfare should be prioritized to sustain learning outcome of pupils due to high decline in teachers population, Educational stakeholders should prioritize teachers' welfare as an indispensable factor that power students learning outcome in schools, car and housing loans should be made available to teachers to encourage the present and future generations to take teaching as a first choice.

Gender Differences in Academic Resilience and Well-Being among Senior High School Students in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Senior high school (SHS) students are at risk of stress and other adverse exposures that may negatively affect their well-being and possibly cause attrition. The concepts of academic resilience and well-being share commonality as psychological attributes linked to positive functioning among students. Despite this connection, there seems to be limited research exploring these concepts across genders among SHS students in developing regions. This study examined the gender difference in academic resilience and well-being among SHS students in Ghana. Using a cross-sectional survey design, 190 SHS students in three schools from Kwahu North and South district (i.e., Afram Plains) of Ghana's Eastern Region completed the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30) and College Student Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire (CSSWQ). The sample consists of 102 males and 88 females, with a mean age of 17.83 years. The data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and hierarchical regression. The study established that students have a moderate level of academic resilience and a higher level of well-being, with no statistically significant variation in students' academic resilience (t = 0.718; p = 0.474) or well-being (t = -1.596; p = 0.112) across gender. Further, the study discovered that resilience significantly predicted academic well-being (B = 0.425; SE = 0.050; t = 8.50; p < 0.001). This study highlights the importance of promoting gender-sensitive intervention strategies that enhance the academic resilience and well-being of SHS students and help boost their educational attainment.

Cultivating leaders for primary health care: A revised approach for transformative development.

Family physicians require leadership skills to strengthen team-based primary care services. Interviews with South African district managers confirmed the need to develop leadership skills in family physicians. The updated national programmatic learning outcomes for South African family physician training were published in 2021. They sparked the need for curriculum renewal at the University of Cape Town's Division of Family Medicine. A review of the leadership and governance module during registrar training showed that the sessions were perceived to be content heavy with insufficient opportunities for reflection. Following a series of stakeholder engagements, the module convenors co-designed a revised module that was blueprinted on the updated learning outcomes. The module incorporates a group coaching style, facilitating learning through reflection on one's experiences. The revised module was implemented in 2022. It aims to provide a transformative learning experience centred on students' perceptions of themselves as leaders, as well as professional identity formation and resilience building. This short report describes preliminary insights from the revised module's developmental phase and forms part of an ongoing iterative evaluation process.Contribution:Family physicians should lead across all their defined roles. Formal and informal learning opportunities are needed to facilitate their growth as leaders and help them to meet the health needs of communities served by an evolving health care system. This short report describes an example of a revised postgraduate module on leadership and governance, which may be of value to clinician educators and academic departments exploring innovative methods for the African region.

Teachers’ Resilience and Self-Efficacy

Teachers’ resilience and self-efficacy play an important role in effectively handling educational challenges and its impact to student outcomes. This study sought to determine the teachers’ resilience level, the level of self-efficacy, and the relationship between teachers’ resilience level and self-efficacy among the three (3) Junior High Schools of South District, Division of Cagayan de Oro City of SY 2023-2024. A total of one hundred forty-eight (148) respondents through stratified sampling method. The study utilized a descriptive correlational research method and used both adopted questionnaire (Unda, 2022) and modified questionnaire (Pacamo, 2021) to gather the necessary data. Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) were employed to ascertain the significant relationship between teachers’ resilience and self-efficacy. Results revealed that teachers’ resilience level was Very High while their self-efficacy level was Very Good. A moderate positive relationship exists between teachers’ resilience and self-efficacy. High level of resilience is fundamental for teachers to demonstrate effectiveness and self-efficacy. Hence, developing the factors in teachers’ resilience with focus on personal characteristics is recommended.

THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF STUDY HABITS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNING STRATEGIES AND STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN MATHEMATICS

This study aims to determine whether or not their study habits significantly mediate the relationship between learning strategies and student engagement in mathematics among grade 10 junior high school students in Governor Generoso South District, Division of Davao Oriental. This study employed a quantitative research design, utilizing both correlational and descriptive methodologies. This study selected 241 respondents using a stratified sample method to ensure an equitable distribution of respondents across all schools. Moreover, this research employed three adapted research instruments that were validated and assessed utilizing statistical measures such as mean, standard deviation, Pearson-r, Baron and Kenny Mediation method, and MedGraph with Sobel z-test among grade 10 students. Additionally, the findings demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between learning strategies and student engagement. There exists a significant relationship between study habits and learning strategies, as well as between study habits and student engagement in mathematics. This correlation indicates a significant relationship between these variables. Additionally, the results indicate that study habits partially mediate the relationship between learning strategies and student engagement in mathematics. The findings offer significant implications for educators and policymakers who aim to enhance the educational process. Furthermore, the provision of continuous professional development opportunities for educators helps guarantee their up-to-date knowledge of contemporary research findings and optimal strategies for fostering student learning and academic success. KEYWORDS: Study habits, learning strategies, student engagement in mathematics, correlational and descriptive approaches, Baron and Kenny Mediation approach, MedGraph using Sobel z-test, Davao Oriental, Philippines

The role of a small town in the flow of agricultural commodities with its hinterlands before and after the construction of the Trans Sumatra Toll Road (case study: Kalianda District South Lampung Regency Indonesia)

Linkages between rural and urban areas assist numerous regions in a variety of ways. As a meeting place for villages and cities, a small town with hinterlands of agricultural areas acts as a market for village commodities, intermediary markets in larger markets, places for agricultural processing, places for production facilities, and a center for other activities. The construction of the Trans Sumatra Toll Road (JTTS), which crosses Kalianda District as a small town connecting several big cities, allows Kalianda alters its role. This study aims to examine the flow of agricultural commodities in a small town and its hinterlands and analyzed the role of small towns before and after the construction of JTTS. The data analysis was carried out by creating an Origin-Destination Map and providing the description. The results showed that seven agricultural commodities sold in Kalianda Market came from seven sources (origin), while commodities in rural areas had four selling destinations area. The small town illustrates its proper function as an intermediary market for larger markets, centers of health activities, administrative services, and banking services. However, the small town has not been able to play much of a role as an intermediary market for larger markets, rural commodity processing places, and places to find high-order goods. The small town is also incapable of being a destination for the identification of agricultural production facilities. In general, the existence of JTTS does not significantly change the role of small towns.