Districts Of State Research Articles

Impact of BGREI programme on rice productivity and farmers’ income of Odisha

The present study was conducted during the year 2016–17 in Mayurbhanj and Bargarh districts of Odisha state to assess the impact of Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India (BGREI) programme on productivity and income of rice growers in Odisha. Two blocks from each district were selected, in such a way that one block in each district had more BGREI implemented villages and another one had less BGREI implemented villages. From each selected block, 02 BGREI-implemented villages and 02 distantly located non-BGREI-implemented villages were selected for investigation. Total 160 farmers (80 beneficiaries+ 80 non-beneficiaries) were selected as respondents for the study. The data were collected with the help of well-structured interview schedule through personal interview. The study revealed that after participation in the BGREI programme, the productivity of rice cultivated by the beneficiaries in the selected districts was increased from 32.47 q/ha to 49.17 q/ha. i.e. an increase of 51.43 per cent in rice productivity. Beneficiaries had 18.66 q higher productivity of rice as compared to the non-beneficiaries. The annual income of beneficiary farmers in the selected districts was also increased from Rs.1, 20, 514 to Rs.1, 86, 107 i.e. an increase of 54.43 per cent. Beneficiaries had Rs.74, 370 higher annual income as compared to the non-beneficiaries. B: C ratio of the beneficiaries increased from 1.51 to 2.68 i.e. an increase of 77.48 per cent. B: C ratio of Rice cultivation done by the beneficiaries was 1.58 times higher than the non-beneficiaries. So, BGREI programme is a farmer friendly programme and it should continue to sustain and improve the livelihood of farmers.

Perception and Attitude of Healthcare Professionals in the Context of Effective Implementation of Health Management Information System (HMIS) in Indian Health Industry

The goal of study is to examine the perception and attitude of healthcare professionals in the context of effective implementation of Health Management Information System (HMIS) in Indian health industry. The study is taken up in all 22 districts of Punjab state. The respondents are healthcare professionals who are categorized into Primary healthcare service providers and secondary healthcare service providers on the basis of their working area like primary healthcare centres and secondary healthcare centres/hospitals of Punjab State. The study indicates that the effective implementation of HMIS will help the healthcare professionals in providing effective and efficient healthcare services to the patients. Effective implementation of HMIS will help in proper patient handling that will increase patient satisfaction. The healthcare professionals at primary healthcare centres are facing different type of challenges/issues and opportunities in comparison to the secondary healthcare centres. The study suggests that the Government need to work for the effective implementation of HMIS. HMIS can be effectively implemented by providing sufficient computer hardware, network connectivity, sufficient HMIS manpower and regular capacity building programs for healthcare professionals. This study will improve system efficiency due to removal of duplication of work and increase in health data accuracy levels and completeness level.

Correlates of entrepreneurial behaviour of mango growers in Valsad District of Gujarat

As many as 63 countries of the world grows Mango but India is on the top of all being the world`s largest producer. India rank first having the highest share of 44 per cent to world production of mango. The present study was conducted on correlates of entrepreneurial behaviour of mango growers of Valsad district of Gujarat state. Mango growers from 10 villages who were cultivating mango for last five years selected randomly. Results showed that majority of the growers were in medium to high level category of entrepreneurial behaviour. Out of 19 independent variables viz., education, area under mango cultivation, annual income, social participation, awareness regarding value addition, mango yield index, employment generation, extension participation, mass media exposure, extent of adoption, management orientation, innovativeness, progressiveness and knowledge of mango growers had significant relationship with entrepreneurial behaviour of mango growers, whereas age, land holding, irrigation facility, family size and cropping intensity had no association with entrepreneurial behaviour.

Informal healthcare providers in India: Illegal and indispensable

The corresponding author who served in Supaul district of Bihar state of India as an Acute Flaccid Paralysis(AFP) Surveillance Medical Officer(SMO) with the World Health Organisation between May 2011 and July 2013,observed that the district had a preponderance of quackery. A look at the public healthcare system in the district with a population of 2.2 million shows just why this situation exists. According to the latest data available on government websites, the shortfall of Health Sub Centres, Primary Health Centres and Community Health Centres in Supaul district is an astonishing 58%,87% and 88% respectively. These numbers are not significantly different from the numbers for the rest of the state of Bihar. There is no evidence of any political will to tackle this shocking shortfall. The Bihar government has actually reduced the allocation to health for the financial year 2017-18 to Rs.7001.52 crore from Rs.8234.70 crore in 2016-17.Estimates say 70 to 80 percent of healthcare providers in India are informal providers. This ratio can go upto 30 informal providers for every public sector doctor in certain rural areas. Upto 75 percent of primary care visits in rural areas can be to an informal provider. If we must have equitable access to healthcare in India,it would be imperative to involve these informal providers.

A Mix Method Study on Utilization of Maternal Health Services and Barriers among Women of Reproductive Age in Selected Rural Areas of Anand District of Gujarat State-literature Review

The current study is aimed to understand the current status of utilization and barriers of utilization of maternal health services among women of reproductive age in rural areas of Anand district of Gujarat state. Utilization of maternal health services and barriers of utilization employed literature review as a methodology in this article. Multiple data base was searched focusing on utilization and barriers of utilization of maternal health services among women of reproductive age. It was concluded from the literature review that there utilization of maternal health services is not satisfactory and many barriers are associated with the poor utilization of maternal health services.

Analysis of Socio-personal Characteristics of Adopters of Resource Conservation Technologies (RCTs) Under Rice Cultivation in Manipur

ABSTRACTThe present study with the primary objective to ascertain socio-personal, economic, communication and psychological characteristics of the farmers who have been practicing resource conservation technologies in rice cultivation was carried out in the Imphal West district of Manipur state in India. A total of 120 rice growers were selected as respondents through proportionate random sampling from 10 selected villages of the district. Data collection from the selected respondents was made with the help of pre-tested structured schedule through personal interview method. The study shows that out of 120 respondents, the majority was of middle age with medium education level and high social participation in case of their personal characteristics. Majority respondents were marginal farmers and they belonged to medium category of annual income, that is, between INR 32,285 to INR 165,066 under economic characteristics. In case of communication variables, most of the respondents had medium level of extensio...

Seroprevalence of viral and bacterial diseases among the bovines in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Aim:The study was designed to measure the seroprevalence of viral and bacterial diseases: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhea, bovine leukemia, bovine parainfluenza, bovine respiratory syncytial disease, brucellosis, and paratuberculosis among bovine of Himachal Pradesh during the year 2013-2015.Materials and Methods:The serum samples were collected from seven districts of state, namely, Bilaspur, Kangra, Kinnaur, Lahul and Spiti, Mandi, Sirmour, and Solan. The samples were screened using indirect ELISA kits to measure the seroprevalence of viral and bacterial diseases.Results:The overall seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis was 24.24%, bovine viral diarrhea 1.52%, bovine leukemia 9.09%, bovine parainfluenza 57.58%, bovine respiratory syncytial disease 50%, brucellosis 19.69%, and paratuberculosis 9.09% in Himachal Pradesh. The seroprevalence of bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine leukemia, bovine parainfluenza, bovine respiratory syncytial disease, and paratuberculosis in the state varied significantly (p<0.01) while was insignificant for bovine viral diarrhea and brucellosis (p>0.01). Multiple seropositivity has been observed in this study. Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 was observed commonly in mixed infection with almost all viruses and bacteria under study.Conclusion:The viral and bacterial diseases are prevalent in the seven districts of Himachal Pradesh investigated in the study. Therefore, appropriate management practices and routine vaccination programs should be adopted to reduce the prevalence of these diseases.

Online Spatial Data Analysis and Algorithm Development for Geo-scientific Applications Using Remote Sensing Data

Availability of geospatial data from online data repositories and geoportals are increasing with rapid pace. For better utilization of these heterogeneous data sets, it is required to give more attention to develop web based algorithms as well as geocomputation models that allows high-level information extraction from distributed nature of geodata. The Open Geospatial Consortium specification such as Web Processing Service (WPS) provides the solutions for integrating remote sensing data for the computation of algorithms from distributed sources in multi-user environment. The main purpose of present study is to develop and implement a WPS based geoprocesses and analysis approach using Online Image Processing System. The software framework developed during this study is a platform independent solution which is developed using free and open source technology. As a demonstrative case study, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Normalized Difference Built-up Index algorithms are annotated for automatic deployment in geoscientific processing workflow environment. The Sentinel-2 data sets and polygon geometry as region of interest are stored and published as web services for input dataset in application server repository. A case study for Champawat district of Uttarakhand state of India has been demonstrated to identify vegetation greenness and built-up sites during the summer season. In order to access the functionalities of the online application, an interactive and responsive Graphical User Interface is developed in web GIS environment. The proposed approach can be very effective and useful to address the key challenges in commercial desktop based software for geoprocessing and analysis of remote sensing data.

Farmers Perception in Adoption of Conservation Agriculture Practices in Madhubani District of Bihar, India

The study has been conducted in Madhubani district of Bihar state to analyse gender segregated key benefits, advantages, disadvantages, issues and the key decision processes and criteria for conservation agriculture technologiesadoption. Data were collected through focus group discussions involving male and female farmers. Cent per cent farmers expressed saving of labour and reduction in drudgery in Zero Tillage Direct Seeded Rice (ZTDSR). Higher yield through adoption of ZTDSR was revealed by equal percentage (75 %) of male and female farmers. Equal percentage (100 %) of male and female farmers expressed labour saving as one of the most important criteria for adoption of the ZT. Gender segregated data showed almost similar perception related to criteria adoption of ZT technology in rice-wheat system. All the female groups expressed that limited knowledge of herbicide use restricts adoption of ZTDSR. All the female groups were in the view that there is reduction of drudgery through adoption of mechanical paddy transplanter. Preparation of mat type nursery was top most disadvantages for 90 and 70 % male and female groups respectively. Eighty percent farmers groups expressed their opinion that non availability of trained tractor drivers for machine operation limits adoption of ZT machine. Preparation of mat nursery and trained operators for paddy transplanter was major criteria for adoption of mechanical paddy transplanter. There was contradiction in the perception among male and female farmers with respect to yield advantage and associated risk for poor yield due to the adoption of CA technologies.

Red palm weevil incidence: Spatial pattern and implications in technology adoption

&lt;p&gt;Red palm weevil (RPW) is one of the major fatal pests of coconut. Conventional extension approaches need to be refined for&lt;br /&gt;achieving the desired outcome on adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies against RPW, especially among small&lt;br /&gt;and marginal farming communities. The pattern of incidence, severity of infestation and age of palms are the factors motivating&lt;br /&gt;farmers for adoption of IPM practices. Taking these into account, a technology delivery approach for RPW management was&lt;br /&gt;evolved and implemented in the entire geographical extent of 520 ha area of Edava grama panchayat in Thiruvananthapuram&lt;br /&gt;district of Kerala state, India. This approach involves farmer participatory surveillance and monitoring with technical facilitation&lt;br /&gt;from research institutions which is a paradigm shift to community based area wide management strategies. Besides holdings’&lt;br /&gt;profile, number of RPW infested/lost palms and GPS (i.e., latlong) coordinates of infested palms were recorded. The spatial&lt;br /&gt;distribution pattern was analyzed using Indices of Dispersion (ID), Patchiness (IP) Cluster Frequency (ICF) and Mean Crowding&lt;br /&gt;(IMC) at different cluster levels (i.e., holdings, administrative segments and grids). ESRI GIS software was used to depict geospatial&lt;br /&gt;patterns of RPW infestation. Among 5410 coconut holdings, 18.7 per cent were having RPW infested palms. The pest incidence&lt;br /&gt;in juvenile palms was significantly higher compared to adult palms. The distribution pattern of infested palms was observed to be&lt;br /&gt;aggregated. Knowledge level of farmers regarding aspects of pest and management was below 10 per cent. The proposed&lt;br /&gt;methodology of participatory data documentation resulted in rapid and reliable collection of data from large area with an additional&lt;br /&gt;benefit of experiential learning for farmers in the locality.&lt;/p&gt;

Development as a Source of Conflict: The Sahukars, Displaced People and the Maoists in Koraput

The dominant debate in India on the role of development in reducing conflicts still remains open. Despite development measures by both state and non-state actors, conflicts continue to emerge frequently in the country. In Koraput district of Odisha state, development models implemented by the state and by non-state actors have accentuated conflicts. The Sahukar-model of development has caused land alienation among marginalised communities leading to conflicts between the landowners and the landless. Large-scale displacements caused by mega development projects have intensified the confrontation between the displaced and the state. The Communist Party of India-Maoist (‘Maoists’ in short) claims to have an alternative development model, which rejects the state-led development plan. The alternative model imposed by the Maoists—reclaiming land from the rich and adopting ‘Community Farming’—has further exacerbated the conflicts among various communities. Though the nature of conflict and its contenders keep changing, the conflicts as such refuse to die down in Koraput.

CIVIC SENSE AMONG TRIBAL HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

The focus of the study was to study the Civic Sense among tribal higher secondary school students. The sample for the present study consisted of 230tribal higher secondary school students of wayanad district of kerala state. The investigators prepared and usedCivic sense Scale for tribal higher secondary school students to assess the Civic Sense of sample subjects.Civic SenseScale assesses three dimensions of Civic Sensei.e. Protection of Public Property, Patriotism and Obedience to Law. The investigator used various statistical techniques viz, percentile, t-test, one way ANOVA to analyze the data. The statistical data revealed that the level of Civic Sense and its components among Tribal higher secondary school students is satisfactory to certain extent

The Effect of Electoral and Economic Crimes on Sustainable Development in Cross River State, Nigeria

The survey examined the effect of electoral and economic crimes on sustainable development in Cross River State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study accessed the effect of election rigging and misappropriation of public funds on sustainable development in Cross River State. Two research questions were stated to guide the study. The study adopted the system theory. Survey research design was adopted in this study. An 18-item questionnaire captioned “Questionnaire on electoral, economic crimes and sustainable development” (QEESD) was designed by the researcher and used in gathering data for the study. Data were elicited from 384 respondents who were purposively selected from six (6) local government areas in the three Senatorial District of Cross River State. The respondents were selected from political parties, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) offices, religious groups, and the public. The generated data were presented using simple percentage, and chart. Findings revealed that election rigging and misappropriation of public funds affects sustainable development in Cross River state, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that political office holders should judiciously utilize public funds for programmes and projects that would positively affect the well-being of the citizens. In addition, rigging of election should be made a capital offence that should attract severe punishment like life imprisonment or death sentence.

An Extended Distribution of Rare and Endemic Brachystelma kolarense (Apocynaceae) from Eastern Karnataka to Coastal Plains of Kerala, India

Brachystelma kolarense Arekal & T.M. Ramakrishna, an endemic and little known species is reported from Kasaragod district of Kerala state which was earlier known from Sonnipally, Kolar district (eastern Karnataka).

Anger Disorder in Relation among Gender and Locality

Anger is a daily experience. It is encountering in a number of interpersonal, family and occupational situations. Anger is a universal and normal aspect of human experiencing, according to National Institute of Mental Health (2006) Anger disorder is the condition is characterized by failure to resist aggressive impulses, resulting in serious assaults, property destruction, or frequent verbal aggression in the form of temper tantrums or tirades. These behaviors comprise threatening to or actually hurting another person and purposefully breaking or damaging an object of value. Objective: The present research paper explored to study in level of Anger Disorder in Relation among Gender and Locality. Each participant was presented with Anger Disorder Scale of the Seven Domain of AADS Scale was administered It measures the following dimensions: Impulsiveness Neurological Domain, Cognitive/Thought Domain, Motives Domain, Emotional Domain, Behaviours Domain, Physical/Arousal Domain and Provocations Domain for data collection. Methodology: A total of 200 participants (100 male and 100 female) with age range 18 years to 60 years were selected from different district of Chhattisgarh state in India through convenient sampling technique. Statistic and Correlation analysis was used to analysis the data. Result showed Anger Disorder in significant and positive inter correlation among Gender and locality.

The Seal of Biliteracy: Variations in Policy and Outcomes

AbstractThe Seal of Biliteracy is an award that recognizes students who have demonstrated proficiency in English and one or more other world languages. In participating school districts in states that have adopted the Seal of Biliteracy, students who demonstrate proficiency in both English and a world language are eligible to earn a seal that is affixed to their high school diploma or transcript. With scant research conducted to date on the Seal of Biliteracy, this study aimed to understand the variation in policies across participating states. Documentation and interview data were collected and analyzed from each state offering the Seal of Biliteracy. Findings revealed that substantial variation existed across states regarding minimum required levels of proficiency, world language proficiency requirements, and English language proficiency requirements. These variations in policy influenced the types of schools offering the award and the percentage of students earning it. This article offers implications for those in the process of policy adoption or revision and for those who are interested in researching efforts to increase equity and access to the Seal of Biliteracy.

Current Scenario of Tick-Borne Diseases in India - A Review

Ticks have been associated with human afflictions since time immemorial as evidenced by earlier records from many countries of the world. They are the obligatory blood-feeding arachnids and playing role as vectors for transmission of many infectious diseases in man and animal. Various wild and domestic animals are reservoir hosts for tick-borne pathogens of livestock and human hosts. In recent times, many of the newly emerging and reemerging diseases of zoonotic origin are transmitted by ticks. Tick-borne diseases are prevalent only in specific risk areas where the favorable environmental conditions exist for the individual tick species. Indian tick typhus (ITT), first recognized in 1917 in India, is caused by Rickettsia conori, earlier reported sporadically from mountainous and forested areas and now reported from many parts of the country. In India, the fatal tick-borne viral diseases, viz., Cremian Congo Hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) were caused by ticks of Hyalomma analoticum and Hemophysalis spinigera. KFD is a re-emerging disease discovered in 1957 from Shimoga district of Karnataka state; however, in recent years it has moved its territory to seven districts of the state as well as centripetally spread to neighboring Kerala, Goa and Maharashtra states which are sharing borders with the state. CCHF, an emerging disease, was first reported from Gujarat in 2011; however, in recent years cases were recorded from Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh states. There are sporadic records available for the occurrence of other tick-borne diseases, viz., relapsing fever, lyme disease, Ganjam virus disease and Q fever from various parts of the country time to time. This paper reviews the current scenario of tick-borne diseases in the country and the factors responsible for the occurrence and probable measures for prevention and appropriate control.

Partnering with women collectives for delivering essential women\u2019s nutrition interventions in tribal areas of eastern India: a scoping study

BackgroundWe examined the feasibility of engaging women collectives in delivering a package of women’s nutrition messages/services as a funded stakeholder in three tribal-dominated districts of Odisha, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh States, in eastern India. These districts have high prevalence of child stunting and poor government service outreach.MethodsConducted between July 2014 and March 2015, an exploratory mix-methods design was adopted (review of coverage data and government reports, field interviews and focus group discussion with multiple stakeholders and intended communities) to assess coverage of women’s nutrition services. A capacity assessment tool was developed to map all types of community collectives and assess their awareness, institutional and programme capacity as a funded stakeholder for delivering women’s nutrition services/behaviour promotion.ResultsLimited targeting of pre-pregnancy period, delays in first trimester registration of pregnant women, and low micronutrient supplementation supply and awareness issues emerged as key bottlenecks in improving women’s nutrition in these districts. Amongst the 18 different types of community collectives mapped, Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their federations (tier 2 and tier 3), with total membership of over 650,000, emerged as the most promising community collective due to their vast network, governance structure, bank linkage, and regular interface. Nearly 400,000 (or 20% of women) in these districts can be reached through the mapped 31,919 SHGs. SHGs with organisational readiness for receiving and managing grants for income generation and community development activities varied from 41 to 94% across study districts. Stakeholders perceived that SHGs federations managing grants from government and be engaged for nutrition promotion and service delivery and SHG weekly meetings can serve as community interface for discussing/resolving local issues impeding access to services.ConclusionsWomen SHGs (with tier 2 and tier 3) can become direct grantees for strengthening coverage of women’s nutrition interventions in these tribal districts/pockets, provided they are capacitated, supervised and given safe guards against exploitation and violence.

Developing a Scale to Measure Obstetric and Gynaecology Professionals’ Attitudes towards Medical Termination of Pregnancy and Emergency Contraception Services, Kerala, India

Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) services and emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are legal in India. Despite this, there are barriers to women’s access due to provider resistance towards these services. It is important to understand the obstetrics and gynaecology professionals’ (OGPs) attitudes towards MTP and ECP services. The Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (AMCHSS) scale with 20 items, 16 related to MTPs and 4 related to ECPs, was developed and validated to measure the attitude of OGPs towards provisioning of MTP and ECP services in circumstances when it is legally acceptable in India. The study used a cross-sectional survey among 14 experts and 106 randomly selected OGPs in two southern districts of Kerala state, India for scale development, validation and reliability testing. The scale was validated with a significant correlation of 0.614 ( p &lt; 0.001) between the attitude score and the score obtained from the vignettes. Its reliability score using intra-class correlation coefficient was r = 0.906 (CIs: 0.781–0.957).

An economic analysis of brinjal in allahabad district of uttar pradesh state

An economic analysis of brinjal in allahabad district of uttar pradesh state