Residents Of District Research Articles

The Effect of Income, Savings, Education Level, Number of Household Members, and Household Criteria (Smoker and Non-Smoker) on Household Consumption Expenditure in Sungailiat District

<p><em>The purpose of this research is to analyse and determine the effect of income, savings, education level, number of household members, and household criteria (smoker and non smoker) on household consumption expenditure in Sungailiat District. This study relied on primary data from 100 household in Sungailiat District. Data analysis was performed with multiple linier regression. The results demonstrated and partially income, number of household member, and household criteria (smoker and non-smoker) had a positive and significant effect. Savings showed a negative and significant effect. Meanwhile, education level provided a positive and insignificant effect. Simultaneously income, savings, eduation level, number of household member, and household criteria (smoker and non-smoker) affected household consumption expenditure in Sungailiat District. On average, Sungailiat District residents use nearly all of their earnings on consumption. Most consumption expenditures are made to meet food needs. Household with smoker spend more money on consumption than non-smokers.</em></p>

Green Purchasing Behavior in the Role of Conscious Consumption Among Younger Adults in Peru

Purpose: The study identifies the relationship between ecological identity, the influence of the social environment, gender and the level of education and to determine their influence in the ecological purchasing behavior of young adult consumers in the district of La Molina, Lima Province, Peru. Method/design/approach: The data were collected through surveys conducted with 381 younger adult residents of La Molina district using normality test measurements (K-S), followed by exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. Results and conclusion: The GPB in younger adults in La Molina is related to green identity (p < 0.05), the influence of the social context (p < 0.05), and gender (p < 0.05). Further, gender is related to the influence of social context (p < 0.05), and educational level is related to the influence of social context (p < 0.05). Research implications: The results highlight the relationship between the demographic variables of gender and educational level and the factors of green identity, influence of the social context, and GPB. Originality/value: The variables affecting the GPB of younger adults in La Molina district are green identity, influence of the social context, and gender; further, gender is related to the influence of the social context and educational level is related to the influence of the social context.

Problems of management for health care of the population of the municipal areas of the Saratov region

The purpose of the study is to identify the reasons for the low availability of helth care to the population of municipal districts of the Saratov region. Material and methods. For the study, official data from the Federal State Statistics Service, the Central Research Institute for the Management and Informatization of Healthcare of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System for 2014-2019 were taken. The optimal volumes of health care in inpatient and outpatient settings were calculated in accordance with the orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation. Results. During the study in the region, the reasons for the low availability of health care to residents of municipal districts were identified: lack of human resources in municipal medical organizations, low population density of municipal districts, low recommended staffing standards for specialists in accordance with the Procedures for organizing medical care. Limitations. The main demographic indicators, indicators of resource provision and performance indicators of medical institutions in the Saratov region for 2014-2019 were studied. A comparative analysis of the cost of training programs for highly qualified personnel in the residency of the Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky of general practitioners and the most demanded specialties in municipal outpatient medical organizations in the region. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the reasons for the low availability of health care to the population of the municipal districts of the region were identified and possible ways to overcome them were proposed.

The Role of Creative Placemaking

The Role of Creative Placemaking

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Human Brucellosis and Toxoplasmosis in Ghazni Province of Afghanistan

Brucellosis and toxoplasmosis are considered neglected zoonotic diseases with a worldwide distribution, which are endemic in Afghanistan. A cross-sectional study was carried out from May 24, 2021, to Feb 20, 2022 to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with human brucellosis and toxoplasmosis in suspected patients admitted to the public and private laboratories of Ghazni province of Afghanistan. To detect Brucella IgM. a semi-quantitative agglutination test was used, while for the detection of Toxoplasma IgM and IgG, a chromatographic immunoassay was applied. Seroprevalence of brucellosis and toxoplasmosis were 32.1% (76/237) and 19.6% (18/92) in tested patients, respectively. Whereas, only in five cases dual infections were found. The majority of brucellosis positive cases were among the age group >45 years old (57.1%; p<0.05), in district residents (43.5%; p>0.05), and among those with abortion (30.6%; p<0.05) and history of positive brucellosis cases (50.0%; p<0.05) in their family members. High seropositive cases of toxoplasmosis were observed in males (50.0%; p>0.05), 21-45 years old people (20.8%; p>0.05), those who owned dogs and cats (p>0.05), among those with the history of abortion cases in their animals (41.7%; p<0.05), and positive toxoplasmosis cases in their family members (66.7.0%; p≤0.05). The odds of being seropositive for brucellosis was higher in those that had history of abortion (OR: 4.3; 95%CI: 1.3-4.2) and brucellosis cases (OR: 7.1; 95%CI: 1.7-28.9) among their family members. Furthermore, the odds of being seropositive for toxoplasmosis was 13.2 times more (95%CI: 2.1, 82.2; p<0.05) in those which had history of abortion cases in their animals. The high seroprevalence could be attributed to the study population being drawn from suspected cases rather than the general population. To assess the cross-connection of infections in human and animal populations, it would be more beneficial to study a large number of human and animal samples concurrently.

Hypertension, its correlates and differences in access to healthcare services by gender among rural Zambian residents: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesTo examine the prevalence of hypertension and access to related healthcare services among rural residents of Mumbwa district in Zambia.DesignCross-sectional study with probability cluster sampling.SettingRural Zambia.ParticipantsWe recruited 690 residents from...

Mapping of pharmaceutical service facilities (pharmacy) based on geographic information in Surabaya

Background: The need for accessibility to health facilities, including pharmacies, hospitals, health centres, health clinics, and others, increases due to population growth in Indonesia. The approach to mapping the geographic location of health facilities needs to be used as a policy reference in determining the achievement of national health care coverage. Objective: This study aims to see the distribution of pharmacy locations in Surabaya and its relationship with the population and epidemiological parameters. Method: Geographic information of pharmacies in Surabaya was collected from a database provided by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Population data in 2019, including the number of district residents in the Surabaya area, the number of hospitals and clinics, and the number of disease cases, were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of Surabaya. Result: A total of 791 pharmacies are spread across 31 districts in the city of Surabaya. The ratio of pharmacies number to the population per district varies from 1:1426.7 to 1:49806.0. The number of pharmacies per district significantly correlates with the number of hospitals and clinics in each district of Surabaya (r = 0.784). Conclusion: The distribution of pharmaceutical service facilities (pharmacies) in Surabaya is still uneven and centralised, following hospitals and clinics distribution in each district.

Relationship between knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 prevention behaviour among west jakarta residents

Background: Over time, cases of COVID-19 have increased significantly; as of June 19, 2020, the total number of patients positive for COVID-19 in Cengkareng District, Indonesia, was 163 as behavioural efforts to prevent COVID-19 have not been carried out optimally by Cengkareng District residents. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitude of the community towards COVID-19 prevention behaviour. Methods: This study was observational, prospective, with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of the residents of Cengkareng District (n=100) obtained by a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis was univariate and bivariate. Bivariate analysis used the Chi-square test. Results: The univariate analysis revealed that 62% of respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19 prevention, 55% had positive attitudes towards COVID-19 prevention, and 60% had good COVID-19 prevention behaviour. Bivariate analysis showed that men, women, and children were associated with a COVID-19 preventive behaviour (p<0.05). In Cengkareng District, West Jakarta, there was an association between population knowledge and COVID-19 prevention behaviour. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, health workers should promote the importance of COVID-19 prevention behaviours.

The Women Empowerment in Agriculture Sector of Pakistan

The study interviewed 100 households in the Sargodha District of Pakistan's Punjab Province, which is the largest and most populated province. The study used a multistage sample process for sampling and interviewed male and female residents of the Sargodha district. The WEAI was calculated using Alkire and Foster's (2011) technique. The women empowerment agricultural index is used to assess women's empowerment. These five factors 5DE identifies the important areas where empowerment must be strengthened, whereas gender parity depicts the relative discrepancy between male and female members of the same family. For the Sargodha district, the Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index value is 0.61. It is calculated by taking 90% of the 5DE sub index value of 0.66 and adding 10% of the GPI value of 0. 68.

Studies on the impact of smoking on the biological functions of residents of District, Multan, Pakistan

Studies on the impact of smoking on the biological functions of residents of District, Multan, Pakistan

Studies on the impact of smoking on the biological functions of residents of District, Multan, Pakistan

Studies on the impact of smoking on the biological functions of residents of District, Multan, Pakistan

On the feasibility of using canals for waste collection in Amsterdam

Amsterdam, a growing city of over 800,000 people in the Netherlands, is struggling to collect waste. While residents in most districts of the city use underground bins to deposit their garbage, the historic Centrum district continues to rely on curbside collection. As such, the streets around the UNESCO-World-Heritage canals are lined with garbage bags as trash trucks rumble down roads centuries old and ill-fitted for vehicles of such size. This paper assesses the viability of moving Centrum trash collection to the canals with a fleet of tug boats and floating dumpsters. It does so by using a combination of GIS tools and integer programming to determine the quantity and optimal collection locations while ensuring that an average Centrum resident walks no farther than denizens of the other Amsterdam districts. Additionally, it proposes a schedule for emptying floating dumpsters based on one comparable to the current truck system. The results of this paper suggest that mobile trash collection using the canals is a viable solution that could reduce noise, pollution, and congestion, thus improving the quality of Amsterdam’s historic cityscape.

Historical review, analysis and prospects for the development of tram traffic in St. Petersburg

St. Petersburg is a large, populous city. It needs a well-developed transport infrastructure. One of the main advantages of the tram is its uninterrupted operation in almost all-weather conditions.Currently, the park of public transport in St. Petersburg is being updated, priority is given to environmentally friendly transport, the use of electric transport, gas motor fuel.The question of the implementation of projects that would improve the ecological situation in the city is relevant. The tram has the largest carrying and throughput capacity among urban land transport and a signifi cant service life. It is an environmentally friendly type of ground urban passenger transport while ensuring a high level of passenger safety. The development of tram traffi c is analyzed.The advantages of using this type of ground urban passenger transport are considered. The tram market in Russia has been studied and two options for updating the rolling stock have been proposed.In order to study public opinion, a survey of more than a hundred students of the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University was carried out.A survey was conducted among residents of diff erent districts of the city, it was proposed to change some routes and add new routes within the existing tram lines.The necessity of updating the rolling stock, contact network and traction substations is substantiated; isolation of tram lines; railroad upgrades; reforming the route network; creation of convenient infrastructure at bus stops. Options for implementing the development of tram traffi c are proposed.

A mediation analysis of the role of girl child marriage in the relationship between proximity to conflict and past-year intimate partner violence in post-conflict Sri Lanka

BackgroundStudies from many contexts indicate that proximity to conflict is associated with increased likelihood of intimate partner violence (IPV), and girl child marriage is associated with both proximity to conflict and increased IPV. In this study, we consider whether girl child marriage acts as a mediator of the association between proximity to conflict and IPV in the context of Sri Lanka, which sustained long-term conflict until 2009.MethodsWe analyzed responses of currently partnered women between ages 18 and 49 in the 2016 Sri Lankan Demographic and Health Survey (N = 13,691). Using logistic regression analyses, we measured associations between proximity to conflict (residence in districts which were central, proximal, or distal to the regions where the war occurred) and the outcomes of IPV and girl child marriage, and secondarily assessed girl child marriage as a possible mediator of the association between proximity to conflict and past year IPV.ResultsWomen residing in districts central to conflict, as compared to districts distal to conflict, had increased odds of past year sexual, physical, and emotional IPV, with the odds of sexual IPV increasing the most (adjusted odds ratio/aOR 4.19, 95% confidence interval/CI 2.08–8.41). Residing in districts proximal to conflict compared to those distal to conflict was associated with lower odds of past year physical and emotional IPV, with the greatest decrease in emotional IPV (aOR 0.31, CI 0.18–0.54). Girl child marriage was more likely in districts central to conflict as opposed to those distal to conflict (aOR 1.89, CI 1.22–2.93), and partially mediated the relationship between centrality to conflict and IPV.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that residing in districts central to conflict compared to those distal to conflict is associated with greater odds of IPV and girl child marriage in post-conflict Sri Lanka, with girl child marriage partially mediating the association between centrality to conflict and IPV. Residence in districts proximal to conflict appears protective against IPV. Future research should investigate what factors are responsible for decreased IPV in districts proximal to violence, and whether these factors can be reproduced to mitigate the increased prevalence of IPV in districts central to conflict.

Memories About the Great Patriotic War Based on the Memoirs of Kalevala District Residents

This article describes the features of the collective memory of Kalevala District residents about the traumatic events of World War II. The source material for the analysis was testimonies of the participants of the Great Patriotic War published in the 1960s - 1970s and oral memoirs of our contemporaries. The stories of the respondents were collected in 2020 and provide information about both personal participation in the events (”children of war”) and stories of the deceased participants of the war preserved in the family. Factors that have had a significant impact on the authors of these recollections include: the decades that have passed since the war; the very ”image of the enemy” in the situation where the adversary was Karelian’s kin; the historical turns in the relationships between Russia and Finland; international and cross-border cooperation; and the role of the memory of the war in Russia’s historical and political discourse. The article presents the characteristic features of the collected body of modern war memoirs: symbiosis of official and individual discourses; the ethnographic nature; the presence of unique private facts that can form the basis for historical research; and “difficult” moments of personal history which often contradict the moral imperatives of the informants. The recollections contain a combination of heroic and traumatic narratives deepened by the cultural proximity of the war opponents: Karelians and Finns. The authors use the concept of ”identity” to separate historical research and historical memory, focusing on the latter. An individual’s historical memory of the war, a person’s reflections on what they remember and what they know from the official version of history, allow us to address the issue of the influence of the “war” factor on shaping the person’s identity.
 Keywords: memory, oral history, World War II, Karelia, published memoirs, the past and the present

Retracted: Constructing civic identity among ethnic groups residing in enclaves

AbstractIn contemporary world conditions, characterised by rapidly developing social processes, the problem of the study of civic identity as part of social identity is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of a cross‐sectional study of the factors of constructing the civic identity of residents of the Maktaaral district of Kazakhstan—an enclave in the territory of Uzbekistan. The study involved 350 people from Myrzakent, the administrative centre of the Maktaaral district. The scientific novelty of the study lies in highlighting the main indicators of civic identity that are inherent in citizens of Kazakhstan living in the Maktaaral district in isolation from the parent state. The practical significance of the study is to identify the features of constructing civic identity among residents of this enclave formation. It was found that their civic identity was formed at the level of citizenship, the level of civic consciousness, and the level of patriotism. It was concluded that the territorial isolation of enclaves does not significantly affect the construction of civic identity construction.

The geographical aspect of place branding: Interactions between place brands in the spatial hierarchy

Despite increasing experience with the practice of place branding, researchers find it challenging to produce a broad, multi-disciplinary framework that encompasses the full complexity of a place brand. This paper applies a geographical approach to brand analysis, acknowledging the multifaceted relationship between place brands and the network of socio-cultural dependence and collaboration. This study examines how interactions between place brands affect small, peripheral place brands by identifying interactions between brands, estimating their importance, and explaining them geographically. The research focuses on the interactions between four city brands in the Negev region in Israel and between them and the Negev regional super-brand to which they belong. The sample includes Beersheba, the central city, and three medium and small towns in the northeastern Negev. Four hundred questionnaires were completed by residents of the Central District, representing the target audience that might visit or move to the Negev. Various brand components were measured, including brand associations, familiarity, recognition, and perceived quality, to determine the value and positioning of the brands in the eyes of the respondents. The analysis reveals the network of associations and images, showing similarities and differences between the place brands, their strengths and weaknesses, and the impact of spatial relations.

Self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 patients: a 1-year follow-up study in Foggia district, Italy

BackgroundFrom the initial stages of the pandemic in early 2020, COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions have been widely reported and are emerging as one of the most frequent long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, data regarding the long-term recovery of the sense of smell and taste are lacking. This study aimed to characterize the evolution up to one year after the diagnosis of self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 cases.MethodsBased on the data of the active surveillance platform of the Apulia region, Italy, we selected the residents of Foggia district who were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 from March 1st to June 16th, 2020, and home-quarantined with paucisymptomatic-to-mild clinical presentation. Self-reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were recorded at baseline through a survey of dichotomous questions. The evolution of these symptoms at approximately one year was prospectively assessed via telephone by the validated sino-nasal outcome test 22 (SNOT-22, Italian version).ResultsAmong the 1,175 COVID-19 cases notified in the Foggia district during the first epidemic wave, 488 had paucisymptomatic-to-mild clinical presentation. Of these, 41.2% (n = 201, 95% confidence interval [CI] 36.8–45.7%) reported at least one sensory dysfunction. A total of 178 to 201 (88.5%) patients agreed to participate in the follow-up survey. According to the SNOT-22 results, the persistence of a sensory dysfunction was observed in the 29.8% (n = 53, 95% CI 23.2–37.1%) of them. Particularly, loss of smell persisted in 25.8% (n = 46, 95% CI 19.6–32.9%), loss of taste in 21.3% (n = 38, 95% CI 15.6–28.1%), loss of both in 17.4% (n = 31, 95% CI 12.2–23.8%) of participants in the follow-up. The rates of full recovery increased over time: from 59% at 30 days to 71.9% at 90 days for the sense of smell; from 61.3% at 30 days to 74.7% at 90 days for the sense of taste.ConclusionsThe persistence of COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions up to 12 months after the disease onset in a noteworthy proportion (approximately 3 out of 10) of patients with paucisymptomatic-to-mild clinical presentation deserves further investigations due to its possible pathophysiological implications and impact on the quality of life.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN KERALA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TRIVANDRUM

This research paper analyses the socio-economic factors affecting the appeal and adoption of electric vehicles among the residents of Thiruvananthapuram district in Kerala. The study is conducted among 120 respondents with equal representation of both the genders. A well-structured questionnaire was circulated using google forms to collect the data. The major factors that positively influenced people’s decision to buy electric vehicles are the positive environmental effects and the rising fuel prices. The major factors that pushed people away from buying electric vehicles were observed to be technical in nature- limited infrastructure, long charging times and limited range.

The valuation of housing in low-amenity and low purchasing power city districts: social and economic value entangled by default

Urban development projects are based on both calculative practices, in order to render investments in new housing profitable, and on a broader assessment of the value of amenities, qualities associated with housing units such as access to parks and shopping facilities, while not directly being included in presumptive buyers’ prices or rents but still affecting the prices or rents paid because amenities affect market demand. This condition is particularly cumbersome in low-income city districts, and/or in city districts with “negative” amenities, such as visible street crime and a substandard quality of schooling. A study of an urban development project in a “particularly socially vulnerable” city district in Sweden shows how municipally-owned real estate companies and private construction companies need to collaborate with authorities (e.g. the police) and municipal boards (e.g. the education board) to advocate investment in amenities. In order to increase housing stock evaluations, local housing market attractiveness, and the housing welfare of residents in blighted city districts, urban development projects must include, in substantive ways, a variety of perspectives, competencies, and formal decision-making authorities.