Districts Of Rajasthan Research Articles

Extension and Advisory Services during Lockdown due to COVID-19: Efforts by KVK in Barmer District of Rajasthan

Coronavirus outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, China on 31 December, 2019. Coronavirus (CoV) is a large family of viruses that causes illness. It ranges from the common cold to more severe diseases like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). The novel coronavirus is a new strain of virus that has not been identified in human so far.

Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Sub-watersheds for Management of Natural Resources using GIS: a case study of Rajasthan, India

Natural resources management is crucial in water scarce semi-arid regions because of scanty rainfall and over exploitation of ground water resources. The watershed choosen in this study is drained by Bandi River having area of 2162.7 km 2 and located in Pali district of Rajasthan, India. Incessant rainfall, continuous exploitation of ground water results in the reduction of ground water level and recurrent drought conditions in this area. Hence, the watershed had been further divided into 5 sub-watersheds represented as SWS-1 to SWS-5 with geographical area ranging from 98 km 2 to 265 km 2 and perimeter ranging from 47 km to 79 km. These sub watersheds were then prioritized based on morphometric analysis considering the linear, areal and relief aspects of the drainage system in GIS environment using ArcGIS 10.5.5. The analysis showed that the drainage density of sub-watersheds varies between 1.351 km/km 2 to 2.513 km/km 2 and the lowest drainage density was found in SWS-4 that indicated the presence of impermeable sub-soil system with dense vegetation cover and low relief in the sub-watershed. The sub-watershed, SWS-2 has high circularity ratio of 0.6 that indicated the topography at the late maturity stage. Similarly, the Elongation Ratio varied from 0.4007 to 0.9340 in the sub-watersheds indicated comparatively steep ground slope and high relief. After the computation of all morphometric parameters of the sub watersheds, the compound parameter values were calculated and the sub-watershed having the lowest compound parameter value was given the highest priority for conservation measures. In this study, the sub-watershed SWS-1 was found to have the lowest compound value of 1.875 and hence considered for immediate soil conservation and water management measures. https://doi.org/10.23953/cloud.ijarsg.471

An Economic Analysis of Cluster Bean Production in Bikaner District of Rajasthan

Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub) commonly known as is a drought and high temperature tolerant Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Guar, deep-rooted summer annual legume crop cultivated mainly in the Kharif season in an arid region and used as animal feed, fodder, green manure and extraction of gum for industrial uses. India is the largest producer of cluster bean and contributes 80 percent of total cluster bean production in the world. Rajasthan is the single largest producer and alone contributed to more than 70 percent of India’s total output. The increased demand for guar gum resulted in a strong escalation of the prices of cluster bean. Looking at the agricultural and industrial importance of this marginalized crop in Rajasthan, particularly realizing the potential in Bikaner district of the state, the present study attempted to analyze the present scenario of the production of cluster bean crops in Bikaner district of the state. A return per rupee invested in cluster bean crop was higher in the small farm (1:1.38) and marginally lowers on the medium farm (1:1.35). Break-even guar production ranged between 4.26 to 5.19 q per ha in small farm, 4.16 to 4.99 q per ha in medium and 3.98 to 4.94 q per ha on a large farm.

Detection of African genotype in Hyalomma tick pools during Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever outbreak, Rajasthan, India, 2019

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic viral disease presenting with fever and hemorrhagic manifestations in humans. After several outbreaks of CCHF being reported from Gujarat since 2011 till 2019 and from Rajasthan in 2014 and 2015, the present study reports the CCHF outbreak which was recorded from five human cases in three districts Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, and Sirohi of Rajasthan state since August 2019 till November 2019. A high percent of positivity was recorded in livestock animal samples for the CCHFV IgG antibody. CCHF virus (CCHFV) positive human blood samples and Hyalomma tick pool samples were sequenced using next-generation sequencing method. Two different M segment genotypes, encoding glycoprotein precursor, were identified from tick pools in the study: first from Asian and second from African lineage. The L gene (polymerase) and the S gene (nucleocapsid) clustered in the Asian lineage. The present study illustrates the existence of two different CCHFV lineages being circulating within the Hyalomma tick pools in the Rajasthan state, India. We also observed 3.56% amino acid changes between the death and the survived case of CCHFV in the M gene. This report also sets an alarm to enhance human, tick and livestock surveillance in other districts of Rajasthan and nearby states of India. Biosafety measures, barrier nursing along with the availability of personal protective equipment and ribavirin drug will always be a mainstay in preventing nosocomial infection for proper case management.

Patient Perceptions of ANC Services Among the Women in Rajasthan

Abstract Objectives Access to quality ante-natal care (ANC) during pregnancy can prevent a large number of risks at birth caused by low birthweight, prematurity, congenital abnormalities or asphyxia. Satisfaction with ANC services is an important yet neglected aspect of quality of care that could help to improve maternal and child health outcomes through better compliance and adoption of optimal health and nutrition practices during pregnancy. This study aims to assess women's perceived satisfaction with ANC services and its association with compliance behaviour during pregnancy. Methods We considered existing theoretical frameworks such as the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior to design a Likert scale based self-assessment tool for satisfaction with a score ranging from 1 to 4. This tool was administered to 8583 mothers with children under three years of age across six districts of Rajasthan. Satisfaction with respect to the most recent pregnancy was assessed. We conducted exploratory factor analysis to construct the satisfaction scales for the respondents. Multivariate analysis was conducted to understand the association of satisfaction levels with key explanatory variables including caste, wealth, education, number of ANC visits, and iron and folic acid tablet consumption as a key indicator for compliance. Results Majority of the women were satisfied with the respectful treatment and support provided by the ANC providers. They reported being less satisfied with the individual attention they received. Information and treatment/referral provided by the health workers for management of infections was reported to be the least satisfying aspect of ANC. Further, satisfaction among beneficiaries was positively and significantly associated with the number of ANC visits and consumption of iron and folic acid tablets. Satisfaction with respect to health information provided was significantly higher for women with secondary level education and above, in comparison to illiterate women. Conclusions The ANC experience needs to be improved to provide individual attention to pregnant women and counsel them to manage and seek timely treatment for infections. Better satisfaction is likely to lead to better compliance and nutritional behaviour, thereby contributing to better mother and child health outcomes. Funding Sources Children's Investment Fund Foundation.

Testing the Impact of Layered Health and Nutrition Interventions in Rajasthan, India: Baseline Findings on Birthweight

Abstract Objectives The Children's Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF) in partnership with the Government of Rajasthan seeks to reduce prevalence of low birthweight through multi-faceted interventions to strengthen existing delivery of services during pregnancy continuing into early childhood. We employed a quasi-experimental matched case design with matching at district, block, and sub-center level to enable a difference-in-difference estimation of impact of the interventions at endline. Methods We conducted a retrospective baseline survey of mothers with children under three years in 2018 to assess prevalence of low birthweight in six districts of Rajasthan. Primary household survey data was collected on 8583 mothers with children under the age of three years and 2406 currently pregnant women. Birthweight records of 5702 children under three years were collected from public facilities where the children were reported to be delivered by the mothers surveyed. Results Matching facility birthweight records of children born to mothers in the sample confirmed heaping of data, consistent with studies from developing countries that rely on administrative or secondary sources of birthweight records. We observed heaping of birthweight readings around multiples of 500 gms; 23% of the new-borns weighed 2.5 kgs and 19% weighed 3 kgs. Possible reasons for misreporting include malfunctioning or mis calibrated spring scales, manual data entry errors in the labor room registers, poor knowledge of optimal weighing practices and misclassification of low birthweight new-borns as normal birthweight. Conclusions Concerns with reliance on facility records for the key impact indicator have highlighted the need for standardisation of birthweight measurement at public delivery facilities. All public delivery facilities in the evaluation's treatment and control areas will receive digital weighing scales in labor rooms, along with training and mentoring of labor room staff based on a standardised protocol. This has implications for endline assessment of impact - average birthweight (continuous variable) will be used as the primary outcome for difference-in-difference impact estimation at endline. Changes in prevalence of low birthweight will only be tested using endline sample conditional on baseline equivalence. Funding Sources Children's Investment Fund Foundation.

Identification, genetic diversity and recombination analysis of Watermelon Mosaic Virusisolates.

Watermelon mosaic virus(WMV) is an important virus causing adverse effects on cucurbits throughout the world. In this study, we recorded WMV infection in the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)-growing area of Alwar and Sikar in districts of Rajasthan, India. The RT-PCR-based detection was performed to confirm the presence of WMV, by using potyvirus-degeneratedcoat proteinprimers. Further, the complete genome sequences of two WMV isolates were compared with previously reported genome sequences. The complete genome of each isolate was 10,030 nt long, excluding the poly-A tails. Phylogeny relationships of the WMV isolates in the present study revealed the presence of uneven evolutionary pressure among the different WMV viral genomic segments. The analysis revealed that all the WMV isolates were divided into three clusters and the Indian WMV isolates cluster together with the French isolate. Recombination analysis of WMV exhibited significant recombination hotspots in the P1, NIa-Pro and Nib-CP regions. Our finding highlights the importance of genetic variability and recombination analysis to provide a better understanding of WMV molecular diversity.

CONSUMER PERCEPTION AND BRAND LOYALTY TOWARDS OVER THE COUNTER BRAND MEDICINES OF MAJOR PHARMACEUTICALS COMPANIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RAJASTHAN

The study intends to explore the consumer perception towards over-the-counter (OTC) medicines and factors that influence consumer buying behavior for OTC brand medicines marketed by pharmaceutical companies. It also aims to study the impact of marketing mix factors on consumer perception and OTC brand loyalty. The research is descriptive in nature. It is based on primary data which is collected via structured questionnaire. The hundred respondents were participated in pilot study to understand and validate the questionnaire. The primary data obtained are analysed to identify the consumer perception and OTC brand loyalty promoted by the pharmaceutical companies. The study was conducted in period of 1 December 2016 to 31 March 2017. The respondents are from different districts of Rajasthan. 411 respondents participated on simple convenient non-probability sampling basis. In the study the dependent variables like consumer perception and brand loyalty with independent variables like consumer self-medication and OTC marketing mix factors are considered. It is observed in present study that OTC marketing mix factors like Place, Price and Promotion has positive impact on consumer perception and OTC brand loyalty whereas self-medication practices have negative impact. The study also revealed that Place (Product availability), Price and Promotions are the major influencing factor in considering consumer OTC medicine buying behavior.

Study of Differences in Purchase Behaviour for High Involvement Consumer Durable Goods in Districts of Rajasthan

Study of Differences in Purchase Behaviour for High Involvement Consumer Durable Goods in Districts of Rajasthan

Comparative Study of Socio Economic Status and Constraints Faced by Members and Non-Members Milk Producers of Dairy Cooperatives in Rajasthan

The present study conducted in four milk union/ district of Rajasthan. The total sample size of milk producers of dairy cooperative society (DCS) and Non-member dairy cooperative society (NDCS) in the State was 240. All the related primary data were collected during year 2017-18. About 80 per cent selected house hold belongs to other backward class. The operational land holding of DCS member have higher than NDCS i.e. 5.19 ha. of DCS and 4.17 ha. of NDCS. The low milk production yield and unavailability of feed and fodder throughout year were major constraint faced by DCS household. In NDCS category also faced some other constraint like unavailability of vaccine and veterinary service. In concerns of economics constraints, majority of the dairy farmers faced high cost of feed and fodder, veterinary service and price offer of milk offer and lack of loan facility. Regarding marketing constraints, few were faced less knowledge about marketing strategies and lack of facility less advance payment for milk. Regarding technical constraints, most of the respondents, opined to have inadequate guidance of AI, feeding and health care of animal, high genetic merit bull as their constraint. The lack of purchasing power is serious social constraint followed by lower socio economic condition faced by NDCS.There is needed to make greater efforts to educate and assist the milk producers in respect to latest breeding, feeding and animal management technique.

Inclusion of Socially-Marginalized Adolescent Girls in School Education: Role of KGBV Scheme

Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas (KGBVs) were conceptualized to address the inequity in education of adolescent girls who face intersection disadvantages of gender, caste, and class. This paper highlights the role of KGBV scheme in ensuring ‘inclusion’ of all girls and providing them ‘quality’ education. A National Residential School Program, KGBV is a critical component of the newly introduced “Samagra Shiksha Abhiyar”. The study was conducted in 18 KGBVs in four districts of Rajasthan. It used a mixed-method approach to understand the satisfaction of the end-users and implementers of the scheme, including students, hostel wardens, and teachers. KGBVs were found to adopt a structural and multi-dimensional approach in fostering inclusion and increasing access of rural/tribal and low-caste adolescent girls. The paper also addressed the limitations of residential schools in their optimum implementation at ground level; presenting a valuable addition to future researches and education policymakers.

Analysis of attitude of fruit growers towards guava (Psidium guajava) cultivation in Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan, India

Analysis of attitude of fruit growers towards guava <i>(Psidium guajava)</i> cultivation in Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan, India

Performance of Frontline Demonstrations on Chickpea Crop in Pali District of Rajasthan, India

Performance of Frontline Demonstrations on Chickpea Crop in Pali District of Rajasthan, India

Feeding and Breeding Management Practices Followed by Livestock Farmers in Banswara District of Rajasthan

Feeding and Breeding Management Practices Followed by Livestock Farmers in Banswara District of Rajasthan

Study of awareness and competitive environment of bio-fertilizers uses in Hadoti district of Rajasthan

The green revolution brought impressive gains in food production but with insufficient concern for sustainability. In India the availability and affordability of fossil fuel based chemical fertilizers at the farm level have been ensured only through imports and subsidies. Dependence on chemical fertilizers for future agricultural growth would mean further loss in soil quality, possibilities of water contamination and unsustainable burden on the fiscal system. The Government of India has been trying to promote an improved practice involving use of bio-fertilizers along with fertilizers. This study revealed that the in the study area dealers did not know about the Bio-fertilizers and in the present time dealers as well as farmers are less aware about the advantages and use of bio fertilizers, companies are facing high competition from various fertilizers companies. Bio-fertilizers being a new entrant had to struggle with players who have been in the market for a long period. In the study various tools and techniques were used to create awareness and competitive environment about Bio-fertilizers.

Knowledge level of Beneficiary Farmers of ATMQIC about Kharif Crop Demonstrations in Jaipur District of Rajasthan

Knowledge level of Beneficiary Farmers of ATMQIC about <i>Kharif</i> Crop Demonstrations in Jaipur District of Rajasthan

Survey, identification and pathogenicity of alternaria blight of Tomato

The study aimed to assess survey, isolation, identification and pathogenicity of the Alternaria alternata. Disease intensity varied from 46.6 to 55.7% in four surveyed districts of Rajasthan during summer 2017–18. The disease severity of Alternaria blight of tomato was more in Jaipur (55.75) district followed by Alwar (49.56), Dausa (48.45) and Tonk (46.63) district, Alternaria alternata isolated from infected samples of tomato leaves, purified and its pathogenicity was proved. The pathogen produced dark brown to black colony with septate mycelium and acro petal chain of ellipsoidal brown or muriform conidia.

Changing Scenario of Livestock in Selected Districts of Rajasthan

Changing Scenario of Livestock in Selected Districts of Rajasthan

Determination of Land Suitability Using Multi Criteria Approach: A Case Study of Bhilwara District Rajasthan

Determination of Land Suitability Using Multi Criteria Approach: A Case Study of Bhilwara District Rajasthan

Ocimum filamentosum Forssk. (Lamiaceae): A new distributional record for Rajasthan, India

Ocimum filamentosum Forssk. (Lamiaceae) collected from Bassi Wild Life Sanctuary, Chittorgarh District of Rajasthan, is reported as a new addition to the Flora of Rajasthan. Detailed description and photo plate is provided for easy identification.