Districts In Central Java Research Articles

A Tourism Arrival Forecasting using Genetic Algorithm based Neural Network

Background: Tourism industry is very important for a country. Many tourists travel into a country will help and improve its economic growth. Methods: Many researchers used Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) for predicting tourist arrivals in a country. As the result, BPNN is proven to give good results, but the accuracy is still less than optimal. This study uses series dataset from the arrival of foreign tourists in the district of Central Java’s: Magelang, Solo, and Wonosobo from 1991 to 2013. We compared the performance of BPNN, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Multiple Linier Regression (MLR). Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of BPNN, such as learning rate, training cycle, and momentum. The performance is measured by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Findings: BPNN produces small error of prediction compare to KNN and MLR. KNN performed the worst when used to predict. Improvements: Genetic algorithm proved to be able to optimize the parameters of BPNN. GA is able to minimize the error of the prediction of BPNN.

English

Vitexicarpine has been known as a marker compound observed in the leaves of Vitex trifolia L. An explorative research was conducted to find out relationship of soil quality and vitexicarpine content in the leaves of V. trifolia L. The plant was found in the some districts in Central Java (Surakarta) and Yogyakarta (Kulon Progo). Soil types where the plant grew are Entisols, Inceptisols and Andisols. Based on soil characteristics, the soil quality indexes for each soil type were calculated by referring to Karlen methods. The results indicated that soil quality index and vitexicarpine content in the leaves of V. trifolia L had a negative correlation. Lower the soil quality tended to result in higher content of vitexicarpine. Soil quality index of Andisols from Karangpandan-Surakarta was 0.991 and vitexicarpine content in the leaves was only 0.6%, but in case of Entisols the soil quality index was 0.274 and vitexicarpine content was able to reach around 0.82%. Inceptisols quality index was an intermediate between Andisols and Entisols. However, individually nutrient indicated a positive correlation with vitexicarpine content. Higher Nitrogen and Magnesium content in the soil resulted higher vitexicarpine content in the leaves. This may related to the role of the both nutrientin biosynthesis of vitexicarpine.   Key words: Entisols, Inceptisols, Andisols, aglycone vitexicarpine, and glycoside vitexicarpine.

Women Capacity, Community Resilience and Sustainable Post Disaster Reconstruction: Case Study from Indonesia

This paper aims to flesh out women capacity for creating community resilience and practices of sustainable post disaster reconstruction in Bantul district Central Java Indonesia. Based on case study, the findings show women grassroots organizations have insight, information, experience, networks and resources vital within earthquake reconstruction as such capacities increasing resilience. During reconstruction women demonstrated their capacity as income-earners, producers and managers of food production, providers of clean water and fuel, and participants in village voluntary labors for maintaining public infrastructures and environments.

Factors associated with tuberculosis cases in Semarang District, Indonesia: case–control study performed in the area where case detection rate was extremely low

Indonesia is ranked as the 4th highest contributor to tuberculosis (TB) in the world. Semarang District in Central Java displays extremely low case detection rate (CDR), possibly contributing to the local prevalence of TB. A case-control study was performed to explore the factors that cause such low CDR. We recruited 129 TB cases and 83 controls that visited the same centers and were not diagnosed with TB. The cases had 7.5 ± 2.3 symptoms/person on average, indicating the delay in diagnosis because the controls only displayed 1.0 ± 1.7. The multiple logistic regression analysis comparing the cases/controls extracted following factors as a risk to have TB: farmer, close contact with TB patients, ignorance of whether Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was accepted or no, smoking, low income, a lot of people living in the same room, irregular hand wash before meals, not wash hands after blow, soil floor, and no sunlight and no ventilation in the house. Neither the cases nor the controls knew the symptoms and how to avoid TB infection, which probably caused the delay in diagnosis. It is difficult to change the current living conditions. Thus, the amendment of the community-based education program of TB seems to be required.

Public Perception of Disaster Landslides and Efforts to Overcome in Subdistrict Kaloran Central Java Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to determine the public perception about a landslide in the Kaloran sub district Waterford District Central Java Indonesia. The population in this study is the people who have experienced landslides disaster. The variables of study include public perception of landslides, landslide disaster management by the community, and landslide disaster management by the government (BPBD, sub districts, villages). Data collection techniques use tests, questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The analysis uses descriptive analysis and triangulation analysis to test the validity of the data. The results showed the public perception of the landslide (aspects of cognition) classified as less of ( 56.76 % ), Public perception of landslides (affective aspect) classified as good of (40.54 %). Public perception of landslides (aspect of conation) classified as good of ( 45.95 % ). Landslide disaster management efforts by the government in terms of utilization of early warning and prevention efforts require funding. Landslide disaster management efforts by local governments (BPBD) are less in terms of hazard warning signs, monitoring the implementation of regulations on spatial planning, building permits, relocation of residents who are in landslide-prone areas, satisfaction of basic needs and education of disaster. Suggestions should be directed to the community to participate in disaster landslide management efforts.

IDENTIFIKASI AUTOKORELASI SPASIAL PADA JUMLAHPENGANGGURAN DI JAWA TENGAH MENGGUNAKAN INDEKS MORAN

Unemployment is caused by the work force or job seekers are not proportional with the number of existing jobs. Unemployment is often a problem in the interconnected economy due to unemployment, productivity and income will be reduced. The number of unemployed in an are a expected to be affected by unemployment in the surrounding area. This is made ​​possible because of the proximity factor or adjacency between regions, it is estimated that there are linkages to the regional unemployment rate. To determine the relationship between regional linkages used Moran’s Index method. The number of unemployed in Central Java, obtained Moran’s Index value = 0.0614. Moran's Index values​​ in the range 0 < I ≤ 1 indicating the presence of spatial autocorrelation is positive but small correlation can be said because of near zero, orit can be concluded that the similarity between the district does not have a value or indicate that unemployment among districts in Central Java has a small correlation. Keywords : Unemployment, Moran’s Index, Central Java, Autocorrelation, Spatial

BIPLOT UNTUK MENGETAHUI KARAKTERISTIK KABUPATEN/KOTA DI JAWA TENGAH BERDASARKAN PRODUKSI BAWANG PUTIH, BAWANG MERAH, CABE BESAR DAN CABE RAWIT

Biplot is a graphical representation of a data matrix. Garlic, onions, chili, and thai pepper are important plant in Indonesia because most people in Indonesia especially in Central Java consume garlic, onions, chili, and thai pepper every day. In this research, districts in Central Java seen characteristics are based on the productions of garlic, onions, chili, and thai pepper using biplot. There are highly correlation between chili and thai pepper, which means districts that have highly productions of chili will also tend to have highly production of thai pepper. There are some districts have the production of garlic, onions, chili, and thai pepper relatively low, and there are some of the city has zero production of garlic, onions, chili, and thai pepper. Keywords: Biplot, Production of garlic, onions, chili, thai pepper

Pelaksanaan Surveilans Kesehatan dan Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Pasca Erupsi Merapi 2010 Pada Pelaksanaan Desa Siaga di Desa Talun Klaten

Indonesia is one country that is classified as vulnerable to natural disasters. Merapi eruption isone of the natural disasters that have an impact on public health. Standby village is an important pillarin handling disasters, since people usually are not prepared if there is a sudden disaster. The purposeof the study was to determine the application program of public health surveillance and preparednessafter the eruption of Merapi of 2010 in the implementation of standby village in Talun Village, KemalangSub-district, Klaten District Central Java. The research was descriptive using study case with qualitativeanalysis. The subject of the study was performers implementing public health surveillance program.The object of the study was the social situation in performing program. Informant was determinedbypurposive and snowball effect. Datawere collected by non participativeobservation, interview,documentation,focus discussion group (FGD), and triangulation. Judging from some indicators, the implementationof standby village had been running well. The performing of public surveillance program hasnotbeen running properly due to lack of socialization of the health center. The community disasterpreparednessprogram was good enough. However,it should be improved to preparednessupon healthemergencies.Standby village program and community preparedness is good enough, however it is notfollowedby a good surveillance based on community.

ANALISIS TIME SERIES TERHADAP INDEKS HARGA KONSUMEN (IHK) KABUPATEN CILACAP DENGAN AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

The economy is one of the cornerstone of life. Economic indicators can be seen from the consumer price index which shows the rate of increase or decrease the price by year basis. The increase of prices causes inflation of the area. One of the areas in Indonesia who receives the impact of rising prices or inflation is Cilacap district. Cilacap is the largest district in Central Java that economic development would have a major impact on the economy of Central Java Province. The levels of the economy Cilacap district can be seen from the consumer price index (CPI), the higher the Consumer Price Index (CPI) will lead to increasing inflation. CPI is an index that describes the development of prices of goods and services occurs. This research has been done on the CPI forecast for some future period using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). Data CPI in January 2009 to June 2011 are used as training data for modeling purposes and obtained the following results: 
 
 Zt = 0.205744 + 1.5996) + 0.4822 Zt Zt-1-2-1.0818-3 Zt
 While data on the CPI from July to December 2011 is used as the testing data and the data is obtained by the model error rate 0.0893988%. Based on ARIMA model equations have been obtained, it can be used to predict the value of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in January 2012 for 128.4362, 128.9642 by February, the month of March 2012 at 129.4865, April 2012 at 130.0053, May 2012 at 130.5222, June 2012 at 131.0378, July 2012 at 131.5527, August 2012 at 132.0672, September 2012 at 132.5814 and 133.0954 of the month in October 2012. The results of the consumer price index forecasting for the coming months look up every month, the increasing prices are possible because of mismatch between demand and supplies due to imperfect competition in the market. According to public opinion, the higher prices to be paid because people do a monopoly significantly to reduce the income of employees and the poor in general, and this is inconsistent with the spirit of the Qur'an and Sunnah, because it is not sociable and depriving the poor people also society completely.

MODEL PEMBINAAN PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PENILIK

Non-formal education supervisors play an important role in providing and developing quality non-formal education. As their career development is based on their professional performance regulated in a credit system, many of the supervisors face hindrance to complete the requirement with the existing situation. This research introduces a model of supervisor’s competence development resulted from a research conducted in five districts in Central Java involving a number of non-formal education supervisor. The model was developed on the bases of supervisor’s competence mapping.

Utility of local health registers in measuring perinatal mortality: A case study in rural Indonesia

BackgroundPerinatal mortality is an important indicator of obstetric and newborn care services. Although the vast majority of global perinatal mortality is estimated to occur in developing countries, there is a critical paucity of reliable data at the local level to inform health policy, plan health care services, and monitor their impact. This paper explores the utility of information from village health registers to measure perinatal mortality at the sub district level in a rural area of Indonesia.MethodsA retrospective pregnancy cohort for 2007 was constructed by triangulating data from antenatal care, birth, and newborn care registers in a sample of villages in three rural sub districts in Central Java, Indonesia. For each pregnancy, birth outcome and first week survival were traced and recorded from the different registers, as available. Additional local death records were consulted to verify perinatal mortality, or identify deaths not recorded in the health registers. Analyses were performed to assess data quality from registers, and measure perinatal mortality rates. Qualitative research was conducted to explore knowledge and practices of village midwives in register maintenance and reporting of perinatal mortality.ResultsField activities were conducted in 23 villages, covering a total of 1759 deliveries that occurred in 2007. Perinatal mortality outcomes were 23 stillbirths and 15 early neonatal deaths, resulting in a perinatal mortality rate of 21.6 per 1000 live births in 2007. Stillbirth rates for the study population were about four times the rates reported in the routine Maternal and Child Health program information system. Inadequate awareness and supervision, and alternate workload were cited by local midwives as factors resulting in inconsistent data reporting.ConclusionsLocal maternal and child health registers are a useful source of information on perinatal mortality in rural Indonesia. Suitable training, supervision, and quality control, in conjunction with computerisation to strengthen register maintenance can provide routine local area measures of perinatal mortality for health policy, and monitoring of newborn care interventions. Similar efforts are required to strengthen routine health data in all developing countries, to guide planned progress towards reduction in the local, national and international burden from perinatal mortality.

Productivity and Feasibility of Tuna Longliner on Cilacap District Central Java

ABSTRACT Tuna Longliner or Tuna Longliner is fishing gear for a large pelagic fish, including Tuna. One unit of Tuna Longlinerr usually operate are 1000-2000 off the hook for once. Tuna Longliner generally operated on the high seas or ocean waters. Fuel is the largest production factor of Tuna Longliner. Fuel prices tend to rise is expected to affect the productivity and business feasibility. This study aims to assess the productivity and business feasibility Tuna Longliner at Cilacap district. Research carried out in PPS Cilacap in August until September 2008, using survey methods. Primary data collected are: the price of fish, size of vessel (GT), composition of the catch, and volume production. While secondary data is captured fish production of Tuna Longliner and fishing trip. Analysis of production data and produksivity using descriptive statistics, presented in the curves. Business feasibility analysis performed by calculating the NPV, IRR, and payback periods . The results showed that the productivity of Tuna Longliner of Cilacap district is relatively low (0.045 tons / GT / year). The low of productivity due to the occurrence of a fully-exploited. This apparently resulted in a fishing business using Tuna Longliner of Cilacap district is not feasible, based on indicators of NPV, IRR, and payback periods. This condition requires that the management of serious action from government. Keyword: Tuna Longline, produktivity, feasibility.

Insufficient quality of sputum submitted for tuberculosis diagnosis and associated factors, in Klaten district, Indonesia

BackgroundSputum smear microscopy is the standard diagnostic method for detection of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Insufficient quality of sputum might result in missing cases. In this study we aimed at assessing the quality of sputum in a district in Central Java and determining patient and health worker factors associated with submission of three good quality sputum samples.MethodsIn 16 health centers information was collected on the quality of sputum submitted by TB suspects, i.e. volume, color, and viscosity. TB suspects were interviewed to assess their knowledge of TB, motivation to provide sputum and whether they were informed why and how to produce a sputum sample. Health workers were interviewed to assess what information they provided to TB suspects about the reason for sputum examination, methods to produce sputum and characteristics of a good quality sputum sample. All health worker and patient factors were evaluated for association with sputum quality.ResultsOf 387 TB suspects, 294 (76.0%) could be traced and interviewed, and of 272 (70.3%) information about sputum quality was available. Of those 203 (74.6%) submitted three samples, 90 (33.1%) provided at least one good sample, and 37 (13.6%) provided three good quality sputum samples. Of the 272 TB suspects, 168 (61.8%) mentioned that information on the reason for sputum examination was provided, 66 (24.3%) remembered that they were informed about how to produce sputum and 40 (14.7%) recalled being informed about the characteristics of good quality sputum. Paramedics reported to provide often/always information on the importance of sputum examination, and when to produce sputum. Information on how to produce sputum and characteristics of a good sputum sample was less often provided. None of the studied patient characteristics or health worker factors was associated with providing good quality sputum.ConclusionA considerable number of TB suspects did not provide three sputum samples and a large number of sputum samples were of insufficient quality. Training of health workers in providing health education to the TB suspect about the reason for sputum examination and how to produce a good quality sputum sample should be a priority of the TB program.

Field observations of the 17 July 2006 Tsunami in Java

Abstract. The 17 July 2006, a tsunami struck the southern coast of Java, Indonesia, causing over 730 casualties. The triggering earthquake located 225 km off the coast of Pangandaran (9.222° S, 107.320° E), occurred at 15:19 LT (UTC +7) with a 7.7 magnitude on the Richter scale (Harward Center and CEA/DAM). In order to calibrate numerical models and understand the phenomenon, we conducted a 6-weeks field survey in July and August 2006 from Cimerak district in West Java to Gunung Kidul district in Central Java. Data collection involved measurements of wave height before its breaking, flow depth, run-up height, inundation depth, flow directions and a detailed chronology of the tsunami. Eyewitnesses accounted for three main waves. The maximum height of the second wave ranged from 4.2 to 8.6 m before its breaking. Maximum flow depth after the wave's breaking reached 5 m, and maximum runup heights reached 15.7 m. Our run-up values are about 1.5 higher than those obtained by the other field surveys carried out until present. They are also higher than the values computed through preliminary models. The 17 July 2006 tsunami has been generated by a "tsunami earthquake", i.e. an earthquake of low or medium scale that triggers a tsunami of high magnitude. The run-up heights progressively decreased eastwards, which is consistent with a tsunami triggered by fault dislocation, as the one that hit the Nicaragua's coast with similar run-up heights on the 2 September 1992. An earthquake with associated landslides could also have generated the 17 July 2006 tsunami, as ever observed in Papua-New-Guinea in 1998.

A Structural Model of Business Performance: An Empirical Study on Tobacco Farmers

Few studies have been conducted on how farmers’ entrepreneurship affects their farm performance. However, factors of entrepreneurship have not been adequately explored by researchers. Textbooks and articles on farm management usually stress the importance of farmers’ management capability with respect to their farm output. Unfortunately, they have failed to relate management capability to entrepreneurship. This study was conducted using a multilevel analysis with Structural Equation Model (SEM) to know the causal relationships among environment factors such as the country’s economy, natural resources, institutions and organizations, individual backgrounds, entrepreneurship, management capacity, and farm performance. The cross-sectional data was obtained in 2003 from four dominant tobacco-producing districts in Central Java. The multilevel model –that relates external environment, entrepreneurship, and management capacity– can adequately represent the data to estimate farm performance.The results of the analysis indicate that factors like personal aspects, together with physical, economic and institutional environments, affect farmers’ entrepreneurship. Personal aspects turn out to be the dominant factor that determines entrepreneurship and farm performance. This study also shows that farmers’ entrepreneurship is affected by their management capacity, which, in turn, affects the farmers’ farm performance. While there is no doubt in the adequacy of the model to estimate farm performance, this finding invites further investigation to validate it in other fields and scale of business, such as in small and medium enterprises and other companies. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the goodness of fit of the model in various contexts, further research both in a cross-cultural context and cross-national contexts using this model should be conducted.

High protein and iron-folate crackers supplementation on the iron status of pregnant women

Previous studies have revealed that several factors influenced the relatively low success of iron supplementation for pregnant women. The factors included poor distribution, low coverage and compliance, as well as low absorption. The aim of this study is to measure the iron status of pregnant women after consuming crackers containing fish powder and iron-folate. This study was carried out in the Purworejo district (Central Java) from February through October 2002. Using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, 70 pregnant women in their second-third month of pregnancy were recruited, and divided into two groups. Ten women dropped out during the study. The first group consisted of 28 women were given protein – iron enriched crackers (PIEC group), while the second group of 32 women were given iron–enriched crackers (IEC group) for a total of 12 weeks. The results showed that the hemoglobin (Hb) levels and serum transferrin receptors (sTfR) of both groups were increased. Serum ferritins (SF) of both groups were decreased. At the end of the study, the increase in Hb and sTfR levels between the two groups were significantly different, while the decrease in SF was not significantly different. Animal protein from fish powder tended to improve absorption of non-heme iron among pregnant women, resulting in improved Hb and sTfR levels. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 243-6)

The Incidence of Pests and Diseases on Teak Plantation, Grown from Tissue Culture in Kendal Forest, District Central Java

The Incidence of Pests and Diseases on Teak Plantation, Grown from Tissue Culture in Kendal Forest, District Central Java

Practice variation of village midwives at pregnancy in Purworejo District of Central Java

Practice variation of village midwives at pregnancy in Purworejo District of Central Java

Beliefs and practices regarding high-risk pregnancy in Purworejo District of Central Java

Beliefs and practices regarding high-risk pregnancy in Purworejo District of Central Java

Faktor - Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Derajat Kaparahan Karies di Kecamatan Slawi Kabupaten Tegal Propinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 1998

Residence of Slawi Subdistrict, Tegal District Central Java Province have a frequent tea drinking habit with specific characters of high concentrate tea without sugar or a lot of sugar. It is acknowledged that fluor content in tea can prevent dental caries, while sugar, a sucrose type of carbohydrate in the tea is most cariogenic. The subject of the study, regarding the tea drinking habit, is to obtain information about factors correlated to severity of dental caries in residence of the Slawi Subdistrict, Tegal Distric, Central Java Province. The study type is cross sectional with a sample size of 140. The subjects of the study were residents of Slawi Subdistric with age ranging from 18 to 44 years. An interview was conducted to obtain information of tea drinking characteristics. Samples of tea, water and sugar from each subject examined in a laboratory to obtain the information about fluor and and sugar contents in tea. Saliva examination was also conducted to know its buffer capacity and flow rate. Intra oral clinical examination was conducted to obtain DMF-T and plaque scores. Statistical analysis was applied with multiple linear regression methods using SPSS 7.5 and Stata version 4. The result of the study show that caries prevalence of 76.92% in subjects with tea drinking habit without sugar. The subjects had a 2.85 DMF-T score. Meanwhile caries prevalence was 98.15% for subjects with tea drinking habit with sugar. The subjects had a 6.15 DMF-T score. The mean of fluor concentration in all subjects drinking water was 0.11 mg/l, and 5.26% for sugar content. 68.94% of DMF-T score variation concluded in the multiple linear regression model, is showed by the factors in the model.