Distributor Prices Research Articles

PENERAPAN JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN STANDARISASI HARGA BARANG DISTRIBUTOR DI MEDAN DENGAN ALGORITMA LAVENBERG MARQUARDT

The Medan Central Bureau of Statistics is tasked with surveying data or calculating quality statistical data and information which includes accuracy of relevance and also for price standardization or determination. The problem in setting the price standard is because many companies raise prices without surveying data first and some other companies do not adjust the price of one to another. To handle this, one method is needed to study and analyze Distributor Item Price data to be uniform, using knowledge of artificial neural network analysis using the Levenberg-Marquardt method. With this activity the Medan Central Bureau of Statistics hopes that the company in an effort to increase customer satisfaction with the products produced can be done by producing a product or item with high quality and quality with balanced pricing in accordance with the conditions in the market (adjusted to community income). The results obtained through this study are the uniformity of the prices of distributor goods in the market, which have previously been through the process of testing and applying mathematically statistically using matlab software.Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks, Levenberg-Marquardt Method, Distributor Prices, MATLAB

The Welfare Effects of Vertical Integration in Multichannel Television Markets

We investigate the welfare effects of vertical integration of regional sports networks (RSNs) with programming distributors in U.S. multichannel television markets. Vertical integration can enhance efficiency by reducing double marginalization and increasing carriage of channels, but can also harm welfare due to foreclosure and raising rivals' costs incentives. We estimate a structural model of viewership, subscription, distributor pricing, and affiliate fee bargaining using a rich dataset on the U.S. cable and satellite television industry (2000-2010). We use these estimates to analyze the impact of simulated vertical mergers and de-mergers of RSNs on competition and welfare, and examine the efficacy of regulatory policies introduced by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission to address competition concerns in this industry.

Creation of consumer loyalty and trust in the retailer through store brands: The moderating effect of choice of store brand name

Within the current economic context, store brands play an important role in differentiation strategies based on assortment and positioning in terms of distributor prices. To begin with, this study identifies three determining aspects of retail loyalty and trust: satisfaction with price levels, the perceived image of the assortment and loyalty to the store brands (SB). Secondly, this study proposes a theoretical relational model among the aforementioned aspects. Finally, this study analyzes the moderating role that the strategy of choosing SB name (umbrella brand label vs. brands different from the label brand) plays in the relationship between loyalty to SB and loyalty to and trust in the retailer. By including this moderating variable, we seek to contribute to current academic research and to provide insights into the importance that SB strategy (label vs. own name) has for the effect of loyalty to SB on the relative results of the retail company. Our research results show that making the umbrella SB name the same as the label brand name increases the positive effect of customer loyalty to SB on loyalty to the retailer, but not the effect of trust on this loyalty compared to chains that use SB names different from those of the label. These results have important implications for management.

Distributor pricing approaches enabled in Smart Grid to differentiate delivery service quality

Industry practitioners who advocate retail competition and Demand-side Participation now look for approaches to link both initiatives through distributor pricing. As distributors incrementally convert more traditional assets into Smart Grid assets, they also need to consider different pricing appro

Possibilities of Measuring Tax Evasion Related to Fuel Sale

The article deals with the possibilities of estimating the amount of tax evasion concerning value added tax in the fuel market in the Czech Republic. Part of the text is the evaluation of the existing standard methods used for measuring tax evasion. It has been proved that these methods are not suitable for determining the amount of fuel tax evasion under given conditions. The authors propose a specific original method of quantification of tax evasion on the basis of data concerning distributor prices, gathered during the year 2012, and information obtained from the survey of interested entities.

Examining relationships between the return policy, product quality, and pricing strategy in online direct selling

Abstract In online direct selling, a customer will not experience the product when making the purchase decision. Concerns about product quality and the return policy may prevent the customer from buying the product. In this paper, we develop several theoretical models to examine the impact of online distributor's return policy, product quality and pricing strategy on the customer's purchase and the return decisions. We categorize customers based on their purchase and return behaviors and discriminate distributors based on whether they position their strategy as cost- or price-driven. We find that decisions about the return policy are mutual and complementary with product quality and pricing strategies. In addition, we study direct distributor's pricing strategy, the return policy and the quality policy in four scenarios. The scenarios include situations where customer's demand is sensitive to price or the return policy, as well as where return is sensitive to the return policy or quality. Further, a special case with full refund is analyzed. Finally, we provide a numerical example to simulate the effects of demand sensitivity and return sensitivity on distributor's decisions and profits.

Distributor pricing in very competitive markets

There is a high probability of fierce price competition in depressed markets where multiple suppliers are marketing relatively undifferentiated product offerings. In such circumstances effective pricing is a paramount necessity. This article discusses findings on pricing practices by industrial distributors operating in these types of conditions. It found substantial downward price flexibility, extensive discounting, and widespread price competition. Other results discussed relate to pricing objectives, methods, and influences. A range of recommendations is offered

Marketing-Production Decisions in an Industrial Channel of Distribution

This paper presents a model that considers the interface between marketing and production decisions in a channel of distribution of industrial goods comprised of a manufacturer and a distributor. The key issue investigated is the nature of the coordination within the channel in light of an unstable pattern of seasonal demand. The investigation, which focuses on dynamic issues, considers production activities such as product delivery and inventory policy, and their link to marketing strategies such as pricing policies. The focus here is on the dynamic nature of the coordinational aspects of the various policies. For example, the following questions are addressed: What is the distributor's pricing strategy throughout the season? What is the nature of the contractual price in the channel? Under what conditions should the distributor carry no inventory throughout the seasonal period? Under what conditions should the manufacturer carry no inventory? What is the impact of the seasonal parameters and differing holding and processing costs upon the various policies of the distribution channel? We propose a mechanism to address these issues, and we provide explicit answers to these questions.