Distributive Justice Research Articles

Evaluating the Public Health Benefits of Renewable Energy Systems: How Smart Grid Technology Can Be Used to Enhance Community Health

Integrating smart grid technologies into renewable energy systems, however, is still limited by several barriers. Technical complexity, high initial costs, intricate infrastructure and potential cyber threats are all part of the game. Solving this problem is what the proposed Enhanced Social Energy Levels Optimization Analysis (SELOA) approach aims at; it is also targeted at ensuring that there is equal participation for each person in the society during the shift to renewables hence improved justice in energy consumption and distribution. Proposed application areas for residential energy management, public health monitoring and emergency planning are hardly exhaustive. SELOA use can promote healthier communities while achieving sustainable use of energy. The method was tested through simulating SELOA on various actual situations. Thus this research has indicated that less pollution from conventional power generation as well as more efficient generation methods would lead to improved health among people in various communities. These results imply that integration of Smart Grid technology with renewable energy systems could be a major contribution towards both appropriate sustainability and public health based on our finding.

What role for geography in justice-focused climate change education?

ABSTRACT As the effects of climate change are felt around the world, the stakes for what climate change education (CCE) is and what it can achieve have never been higher. Young people’s climate concerns are widely known, and students around the world have expressed wishes for action- and justice-oriented CCE. This article draws from research conducted with migrant-background young people and secondary educators (including geography educators) in Manchester, UK, and Melbourne, Australia, which explored intergenerational and cross-cultural responses to climate change. The article reflects on students’ and educators’ accounts of CCE and considers how geography – in conjunction with other disciplines – can sharpen students’ understandings of climate justice. It argues that geography’s key concepts and curricular foci provide a strong foundation for teaching climate justice, but that learning about distributive justice must be accompanied by greater application of recognitional and procedural justice to better support students to respond to climate change.

Clinical decision-making process and distributive justice: The mediating role of economic analysis. Empirical evidence from Italy.

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only tested the resilience of public health systems but also underscored the criticality of allocative choices on health resources. These choices, however, are not confined to health emergencies but are integral to public health decisions, which inherently grapple with limited resources. In this context, physicians play a pivotal role as the architects of clinical actions in various scenarios. Therefore, doctors are called upon to make their decisions by considering not only the criteria of clinical appropriateness but also the ethical aspects linked, in particular, to the principle of justice. Indeed, the assessment of the effectiveness of a treatment for a particular patient must be balanced against criteria of equity and justice for the whole. To be fully applied, the principle of justice presupposes the use of economic evaluation techniques designed to drive the organisation decisions by effectiveness and efficiency. The present paper aims to empirically analyse whether and to what extent economic evaluation is known and used by doctors in healthcare decision-making and, therefore, what the most widespread approaches are used in such processes. In particular, this paper intends to present the results of an empirical study on a sample of doctors registered with the Order of Physicians in Lombardy (Italy), one of the areas most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research reveals a particular awareness of the criticality of allocation issues accompanied by a lack of knowledge of the economic evaluation techniques or, more broadly, by an almost total disuse of financial criteria. The main reasons are doctors' need for more knowledge of these tools and insufficient availability of economic information at the country system level. In the conclusion, we propose some suggestions to facilitate the transition to more current decision-making models consistent with the characteristics of more advanced national healthcare contexts.

How Residents' Perceived Justice and Emotional Solidarity Interact With Their Quality of Life and Support for Tourism Development?

ABSTRACTCurrent study developed and validated an integrated model for examining the relationships among perceived justice, residents' quality of life, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism development. Study's integral model was estimated by using covariance based structural equation modeling with the help of 365 sample data. Procedural justice was discovered as the most reliable indicator of residents' quality of life. Additionally, it was discovered that inhabitants' support for tourism development was most strongly predicted with emotional closeness, followed by welcoming nature, and sympathetic understanding. Results confirmed that locals' support for tourism development is primarily due to procedural justice, which is followed by distributive and interactional justice. Findings also supported the hypothesis that residents' quality of life predicts their support for tourism development. Academic contributions and practical implications of the study are discussed at large.

Ambedkar’s Views on Social Justice

Social justice is an application of distributive justice to wealth, assets, privileges and advantages within a society or a state. The essence of justice is the attainment of common good for all. Social justice involves the creation of a just and fair social order and provides justice for every member of the community. Social justice in India is the product of social injustice of the caste system. Such social inequalities pose a serious threat not only to society but also to Indian democracy. Under the traditional Hindu caste hierarchy, backward communities and women have suffered for centuries because they were denied equality, education and other opportunities for advancement. For B. R. Ambedkar, the concept of social justice stood for liberty, equality and fraternity for all human beings. He advocated a social system based on equalization in society among individuals in all spheres of life. Being trained as a social scientist, he acquired deep knowledge in every field of human activity to become a founder of his own independent ideology. He understood social, political, religious and economic problems as associated with caste and the position of women in Indian society. His ideology and beliefs are important for social progress and stability of the Indian society. In this research paper have discuss Ambedkar’s views on social justice.

Navigating justice: Examining the intersection of procedural and distributive justice in environmental impact assessment in Puerto Rico

Recognizing that centuries of mistreatment of low-income and minority communities by governments and corporations have resulted in widespread exposure to environmental harms, academics and policymakers are seeking ways to improve environmental justice. While it is commonly assumed that improved procedural justice (meaningful participation in decision making) should improve distributive justice (equitable distribution of environmental harms and benefits), empirical evidence of this link is nascent. This paper evaluates whether differing approaches to procedural justice shape recognition of distributive injustices by policymakers, focusing on implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in Puerto Rico. NEPA requires federal agencies to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of projects they implement, fund, or permit; this review commonly includes an assessment of the project's impacts on distributive justice. Drawing on document analysis and interviews with project developers, regulators, and community organizations, we explore how and why four NEPA reviews consider distributional impacts. In all four cases, the community mobilized to voice concerns about the proposed projects' impacts, but the lead agencies and project developers did not always create the space for those voices to collaboratively shape the review. This demonstrates the role of the project developer in how distributive justice considerations are treated, as project leads have discretion on whether and when to provide space for community groups to participate in the process. This research makes two primary contributions. First, by linking features of the decision-making process with environmental justice-related outputs, this research provides practical understanding of ways to support distributive justice and expands knowledge about how participatory governance works within the context of US environmental policy. Second, by studying NEPA's implementation in Puerto Rico, we assess challenges associated with implementing Environmental Impact Assessment in a territorial setting, where the demographics and intensity of environmental problems are distinct from the 'traditional' American context the policies were designed to protect.

Faktor Intention to Stay pada Karyawan dalam Lingkungan Kerja: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to explore the factors that contribute to employee intention to stay in a work environment. The method used in this study is a systematic literature review of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) using articles from the Scopus database from 2018 to 2023. The results of the study indicate that the factors that influence employee intention to stay based on the literature review conducted by author 1 are talent development, work intensification, cultural competence, aspects (psychological, rational, and fundamental), perceived organizational factors, spirituality in the workplace, promotion, job satisfaction, stress, work frequency, training, mentoring, work environment, distributive justice, paternalistic leadership, trust in management, clarity of goals, work family conflict, rational job creation, HR practices (recruitment, training, performance appraisal, rewards, career opportunities), organizational practices, perception of calling, learning opportunities, and employee value proposition (EVP). Keywords: Intention To Stay, Workplace, Systematic Literature Review

A Mobility Justice Framework to prioritize areas for mobility interventions

Understanding, visualizing, and quantifying how resources are allocated and the fairness of distributions and access is significant for supporting decision-makers in incentivizing development and ensuring that future changes are widely beneficial and fair. By pointing out the need for mobility justice research to shift from state-centric to more society-centric frameworks and metrics, this study proposed a Mobility Justice Framework that integrated two important theories of justice: distribution and recognition justice. The proposed framework highlights the distribution of amenities and burdens in providing transport infrastructure. It also aims to identify those disadvantaged socio-economic groups more exposed to mobility inequalities. To make the framework applicable within the city context and guide decision-making, several metrics (variables) were identified to make principles of distributive and recognition justice operationalizable. Variables such as 1) accessibility by walking, 2) exposure to traffic negative effects, 3) frequency of use of transport modes, and 4) availability of transport infrastructure were used to identify neighborhoods and the different types of mobility resources/burdens that disadvantaged socio-economic groups are exposed to. To showcase its usability, the framework and methodology have been applied to the city of Munich to highlight neighborhoods with a higher proportion of older people and the transport disadvantages associated with these target groups. A higher negative correlation between older people and mobility resources/burdens can be observed for the following variables: accessibility by walking to activities, availability of walking and cycling infrastructure, and availability of car-sharing services. When measured against exposure to negative transport effects, a higher positive correlation was observed. The paper ends with a discussion section on the relevance and usability of the proposed framework for transport planning and policy and its limitations.

Imagining educational futures? SDG4 enactment for ethnic minorities in Laos

ABSTRACT Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) began with the ambition of reducing inequalities in education. This paper unpacks the enactment of SDG4 in Laos in relation to ethnic minority students by three groups of policy actors: policymakers, donor agencies, and teachers in an ethnic minority boarding school. Informed by Nancy Fraser’s three dimensions of social justice (distribution, recognition, and representation), the findings show that SDG4 targets as well as subsequent national policy documents were restricted to the distributive dimension. Even distributive justice for ethnic minorities was limited to basic education and technical and vocational training, with decreased access to university scholarships – a potential pathway out of poverty. Combined with meritocratic approaches and the absence of policy support to alleviate cultural and political disenfranchisement, SDG4 enactment in the Lao context appears to contribute to further difficulties for ethnic minority students’ upward mobility and their capacity to imagine enhanced educational futures.

Inclusive Innovation Governance for Just Transitions: Insights from the Bean Agri-Food System in the Brunca Region of Costa Rica

This study explores how an inclusive governance of “niche” innovations with family farmers enables or limits the realization of just transitions in family farming at different scales, from the local to the national levels. The research focuses on a case study in the Brunca region of Costa Rica, which has pioneered innovations for bean research with family farmers. The primary source of information for the study was in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders. Secondary information comes from a desk review of the relevant policies and strategic documents from the relevant authorities. Lastly, a semi-scoping review was conducted to explore gender and intergenerational gaps in plant breeding, as well as potential conflicts between plant breeding and on-farm agro-diversity. The inclusive governance of bean research contributes to the realization of just-transition dimensions of justice, such as recognitional, procedural, and distributional justice, as a result of farmers’ engagement in participatory plant-breeding processes, and due to the coordination between different institutions at the local and national levels. Progress has been made in terms of the recognition and participation of farmers in research and in decision-making locally. The findings show interactions between the local and national scales, in terms of the commercialization of farmers’ seeds. However, the Costa Rican program for bean research struggles to engage family farmers in national decision-making processes and falls short of addressing equality and intergenerational issues. It also faces challenges in reaching a balance between short-term income generation and long-term conservation of agro-biodiversity on the farm. Fostering just transitions in family farming would require a greater inclusion of women and youth by the Costa Rican bean system. This implies allocating resources to increase their capacities and participation in bean research, as well as in decision-making at all levels. This is imperative and could be achieved if the government and relevant stakeholders align their strategic objectives and priorities to shorten gender and intergenerational gaps within the bean production system.

Negotiating educational equities: Chinese middle-class parents’ distributive justice claims to school choice reform

Negotiating educational equities: Chinese middle-class parents’ distributive justice claims to school choice reform

Research Note: The Association of Procedural and Distributive Justice With Emotional Exhaustion Burnout Among Prison Officers in Nigeria

Prison officers have a demanding job and are at risk of burnout. The literature indicates that workplace variables are related to burnout, but there are gaps in the literature that need to be addressed, including the need for additional research on the association of organizational justice with officer burnout. Organizational justice theory holds that employees expect to be treated fairly by their organizations and that psychological strain occurs if they are not, and this strain increases the chances of job burnout. The current study examined how distributive and procedural justice views, which are dimensions of organizational justice, were related to the emotional exhaustion burnout of Nigerian prison officers. Data were collected from 120 officers stationed at medium-security prison in southeast Nigeria. Both procedural justice and distributive justice were significantly associated with lower emotional exhaustion burnout. The current findings support the postulation that workplace fairness is associated with lower levels of job burnout.

Public Views on Whether the Use of Pharmaceutical Neuroenhancements Should Be Allowed.

Some individuals are using drugs to try to enhance cognitive and social-affective functioning and asking physicians for off-label prescriptions for neuroenhancement (e.g., stimulants). Several medical societies released guidance on prescribing neuroenhancers, some of which refer to potential societal effects of neuroenhancement (e.g., distributive justice), besides risks and benefits to users. Which institutions (e.g., medical societies, government, universities) should make decisions on allowing neuroenhancement and whether they should consider potential societal effects are unclear. We examined whether and how much support for allowing pharmaceutical neuroenhancers was influenced by the institution and potential individual and societal effects of neuroenhancers. We conducted a discrete-choice experiment using a constructed representative sample of the US adult public. Multinomial logit models were used to analyze the data. Participants (n = 927) demographically resembled the US population. Risks of serious side effects (OR 0.20, CI 0.18-0.22) and a lack of benefits for users (OR 0.31, CI 0.26-0.38) had the largest negative effect on participants' support for allowing neuroenhancers. A risk of mild side effects had a moderate negative effect on participants' support for allowing neuroenhancers (OR 0.67, CI 0.62-0.74) and the prospect of more meaningful, long-lasting benefits for users a moderate positive effect (OR 1.74, CI 1.61-1.87). Positive or negative effects of neuroenhancers on the average well-being of people in society and on equality had moderate effects on participants' support for allowing neuroenhancers. For example, the odds of participants' support for allowing enhancers with a negative effect on societal well-being were around half (OR 0.45, CI 0.40-0.50) and the odds of allowing enhancers that worsen inequality were approximately 40% lower compared with enhancers without such effects (OR 0.62, CI 0.55-0.71). The odds of participants allowing neuroenhancers were slightly (10%) lower if enhancers reduced users' authenticity (OR 0.90, CI 0.84-0.97). The institution regulating neuroenhancers and neuroenhancers providing users with an unfair advantage did not affect participants' decisions. When presented with both individual and societal considerations, the public seems to support medical societies and other institutions making policy decisions about neuroenhancers based on risks and benefits for users, as well as, but to a lesser extent, effects on equality and societal well-being.

Strategies in Preventing Raw Material Inventory Fraud

This study aims to determine the effect of internal inventory control, accounting information systems, morality and distributive justice on fraud prevention. The population in this study were employees who worked in the warehouse department at PT Yongjin Javasuka Garment. The sampling technique in this study uses a census or total sample technique where each element of the population members is selected into a sample of 50 people. The data collection method was carried out by distributing questionnaires to all samples that had been selected as research respondents. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. This technique is used to test the research hypothesis that has been formulated, with the aim of knowing the relationship and influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. JASP software version 0.18.3.0 is used to assist in the data analysis process, because this software provides the statistical tools needed to perform multiple linear regression effectively. The results of this study indicate that internal inventory control and distributive justice partially affect fraud prevention. Meanwhile, the accounting information system and morality have no partial effect on fraud prevention.

Self-interest overrides rank-reversal aversion in resource distribution

The equitable allocation of resources has long been a central concern for humanity, prompting extensive research into various motivations that drive the pursuit of distributive justice. In contrast to one of the most fundamental motives, inequality aversion, a conflicting motive has been proposed: rank-reversal aversion. However, it remains unclear whether this rank-reversal aversion persists in the presence of self-rank. Here we provide evidence of rank-reversal aversion in the first-party context and explore diverse moral strategies for distribution. In a modified version of the redistribution game involving 55 online-recruited participants, we observed rank-reversal aversion only when one’s rank was maintained. When participants’ self-rank was altered, they tended to base their behavior on their new ranks. This behavioral tendency varied among individuals, revealing three distinct moral strategies, all incorporating considerations of rank-reversal. Our findings suggest that rank-reversal aversion can indeed influence one’s distribution behavior, although the extent of its impact may vary among individuals, especially when self-rank is a factor. These insights can be extended to political and economic domains, contributing to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of distributive justice.

The good, the rich, and the powerful: How young children compensate victims of moral transgressions depending on moral character, wealth, and social dominance

Theories of justice suggest that it serves two main purposes: punishment and restoration. Although punishment emerges early and has been well-documented, little is known about the contexts in which young children engage in restorative practices like compensation for victims. The current study investigated whether children’s engagement in compensation and punishment (which often involve a redistribution of resources) was sensitive to characteristics of the perpetrator and victim known to shape distributive justice decisions (decisions about how resources should be distributed), such as social dominance, resource inequality, and moral character. A total of 54 children aged 3 to 7 years completed a series of moral judgment experiments. Each experiment featured interactions between a perpetrator and a victim, ending with the perpetrator stealing the victim’s toy. In Experiment 1 (N = 44), social dominance did not affect punishment or compensation overall, but older children compensated the dominant victim (but not the subordinate victim) less than younger children. In Experiment 2 (N = 42), children compensated the poor victim more than the rich victim, but they did not punish the rich perpetrator more than the poor perpetrator. In Experiment 3 (N = 45), children compensated the victim with a good moral character more than the victim with a bad moral character, and the victim’s moral character did not influence punishment. Altogether, these findings offer new insights into how children resort to compensation for victims as a complement to, rather than an alternative to, punishment.

School Characteristics and Interscholastic Tournament Success

Interscholastic sports are part of the educational mission of the schools. However, parents, athletes, and others seem to emphasize winning, causing success (or, at least, the possibility of success) to be the target of state policies to promote competitive balance, following from an egalitarian approach to the theory of distributive justice. For example, most states have divided schools into separate class tournaments based on school enrollment. Many have also attempted to counteract perceived advantages held by private (non-boundary) schools by using multipliers to artificially increase private schools’ enrollment. Some states compensate for poorer schools’ perceived disadvantages by artificially decreasing enrollment for those schools with a high percentage of the student body eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP). To enact effective policies, however, it is helpful to know what school characteristics are linked with winning. This project is a case study examining high school boys’ basketball in Indiana with a basic research question of what school characteristics influence tournament success. The literature and many current state policies propose that being private, larger, urban, wealthier, and from certain regions of the state might all improve tournament success. Each is examined for its effects on winning a state championship and on a more-expansive measure of success based on how far in the tournament a team progresses using data collected for all entrants in the Indiana boys’ basketball tournament over a 26-year period. The relative size of the student body seems to be the most consistently important factor in tournament success across classes. Being a private school or being an urban school are only factors in success for the classes of smaller schools. The region of the state is not shown to be significant to success. Of particular note, though there has been an increase in state policies targeting an imbalance caused by economic factors, there has not yet been an empirical finding of a link between these economic factors and success. This study does find limited evidence of such a link as schools with a lower percentage of students eligible for NSLP are more successful in the tournament. These results can help refine the knowledge of what does and does not affect tournament success and can guide policy changes aimed at improving competitive balance.

Assessing the Measurement Quality of Justice Evaluations of Earnings in Europe

How individuals perceive the fairness of their pay carries profound implications for individuals and society. Perceptions of pay injustice are linked to a spectrum of negative outcomes, including diminished well-being, poor health, increased stress, and depressive symptoms, alongside various detrimental effects in the work domain. Despite the far-reaching impact of these justice evaluations, validity evidence on their measurement in survey research is missing. Two measurement strategies dominate applied justice research with surveys: Asking for evaluations using a response scale or relying on measures of the just reward to capture fairness. It remains an unresolved question which of these two prevailing approaches—corresponding to the concepts of expressed justice and experienced justice, respectively—yields more robust and high-quality assessments, especially in cross-country research contexts where measurement consistency is critical. This study evaluates the measurement quality of these two approaches using the European Social Survey, which encompasses 29 countries. Our comparative analysis of experienced and expressed justice for gross and net earnings offers comprehensive insights into measurement choices in cross-national surveys. We find that nonresponse to income questions significantly undermines the measurement quality of experienced justice due to its dependence on actual earnings data. Moreover, while both experienced and expressed justice correlate with related concepts as anticipated, the patterns are more consistently observed in expressed justice. These findings suggest that survey practitioners aiming to measure distributive justice of earnings may favor expressed justice instruments, particularly those utilizing rating scales, for efficient and rigorous evaluation.

Cynicism, justice and behavioral support for change: a moderated mediation analysis

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe and explain the relationship between organizational justice, as an environment and as a buffer and suppressant for influencing cynicism about organizational change (CAOC), thereby influencing change-supportive behavior (CSB) and its impact on higher education performance (OP). The social cognitive theory was applied to test the moderating role of perceived organizational justice in the relationship between CAOC, CSB, and OP.Design/methodology/approachThe research found support for the proposed model using data collected from 91 faculties at 10 autonomous higher education institutions in Indonesia and a multisource research design with a non-academic staff sample.FindingsThis finding confirms that distributive and interactional justice only influences organizational performance when perceived as moderate or high. The moderated mediation analysis findings were supported by the moderating variable of procedural justice but were supported by the moderating variables of distributive and interactional justice.Originality/valueAs a determinant of CAOC on non-academic staff in Indonesia, a country with a high-power distance, cynicism towards change is difficult to detect due to the prevalence of silent cynicism.

The relationship between workplace justice and self-evaluated nonfatal occupational accidents among healthcare employees in Taiwan: An observational study.

The relationship between workplace justice and nonfatal occupational accidents in a single-payer healthcare system has rarely been explored. As countries strive to achieve and sustain universal health coverage, healthcare workers' occupational safety and health require greater concerns. We used the data from a national survey conducted on randomly sampled Taiwanese workers. One hundred forty eight males and 567 females, with a total of 715 healthcare workers aged 20 to 65, were analyzed. The workplace scale consisted of 4 subcomponents, including distributive justice, interpersonal justice, information justice, and procedural justice, and was dichotomized into low and high groups in each dimension. Logistic regression models examined the relationship between workplace justice and self-evaluated occupational accidents among healthcare employees. The prevalence of self-evaluated occupational accidents in healthcare employees was 15.54% and 11.64% for men and women, respectively. After adjusting variables such as sociodemographic variables, physical job demands, shift work status, work contract, and psychological job demands, regression analyses indicated that health employees with lower distributive justice, interpersonal justice, information justice, and procedural justice were significantly associated with self-evaluated occupational accidents both in males and females. Expanding the study to include healthcare systems in different countries could enhance the generalizability of the findings. Offering specific recommendations for policymakers and healthcare administrators to improve workplace justice and reduce occupational accidents.