Distribution Pattern Of Sites Research Articles

Distribution of anionic sites on the basal lamina of Schwann cells

Basal laminae (BL) were separated from Schwann cells of rat sciatic nerves by means of weak sonication, and the anionic sites of the BL were demonstrated by using cationized ferritin (CF) or ruthenium red (RR). CF particles were deposited in clusters at intervals of 100–150 nm on the interstitial side of the BL facing the connective tissue, while the cellular side facing the Schwann cell plasmalemma showed only an occasional deposition of CF particles. RR-positive sites were found only on the interstitial side with a pattern of distribution comparable to that of CF-binding sites. These results indicate that the patterns of anionic site distribution are different between the inner and outer surfaces of the Schwann cell BL.

Patterns of cancer in geographic and endogamous subdivisions of the Hutterite Brethren of Canada.

The Hutterite Brethren comprise a religious isolate and live on communal agricultural farms (colonies) in North America. In 1976 there were approximately 15,000 Canadian Brethren living in 179 colonies of the three endogamous subdivisions, the Dariusleut, Lehrerleut, and Schmiedeleut. Dariusleut and Lehrerleut colonies are located in both Alberta and Saskatchewan, and the Schmiedeleut are in Manitoba. Brethren were identified on population-based cancer registries of the three Prairie Provinces and among death registrations in the vital statistics of Alberta and Saskatchewan. The method of ascertainment was by a search for the 15 contemporary surnames and verification by address. 89 male and 91 female Brethren were identified who had cancer during the period, 1956--1975. The numbers of observed cancers were less than expected from provincial incidence rates for males and females in each province. The largest deficits were for female Brethren in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. There is a marked deficiency of cancer of the uterine cervix among female Brethren. In males there is a significant deficit of lung cancer. The Hutterite way of life contributes to a low risk for cancers of smoking-associated sites. However, there is evidence that male Brethren in Alberta may be at relatively increased risk for stomach cancer and leukemias. The site distribution patterns of cancers among the three endogamous leut are similar.

Localization of human placental opiate binding sites on the syncitial brush border membrane

Opiate binding sites were measured in different placental membrane fractions which were characterized by marker enzyme analysis and electron microscopic examination. The distribution pattern of opiate binding sites in the different fractions closely parallels that of placental alkaline phosphatase. These results clearly show thatopiate binding sites are mainly located on the syncitial brush border membrane. The opiate binding sites found on microvillus membrane fraction have the same pharmacological characteristics as the Kappa opiate binding site previously characterized on placental crude membrane fraction.

Settlement Patterns and Landscape Change: The Late Neolithic and the Bronze Age of the Marais Poitevin Area of Western France

It is, with a few exceptions, only in very recent years and with works such as that by Guilaine and his colleagues on the Abri Jean-Cros (Guilaineet al.1979) that the site locational and ecological approaches have made their appearance in the French archaeological literature. Studies of this type are still not common, despite the richness of certain areas of France in prehistoric settlement evidence and the existence of a body of geomorphological research which often makes this type of approach particularly attractive. The present article attempts to use both geomorphological and settlement evidence for a consideration of the relationship between changes in the landscape and patterns of site distribution in the Marais poitevin area of western France during the period 2800–600 bc.The basis for the study is provided by locational information on a series of Late Neolithic fortified settlement sites which has been discovered in this part of France in recent years. These impressive sites have a striking distribution pattern which invites interpretation in terms of their landscape setting. Geomorphological and archaeological evidence makes it possible to reconstruct at least in outline the development of this landscape during the later prehistoric period, and to suggest what it may have been like at the time the sites were occupied and how it may have affected their foundation and their abandonment. The evidence relating to landscape development is crucial to our understanding of the prehistoric sites and no apology is made for considering it in some detail below. Bronze Age as well as Neolithic sites have been included in the final analysis. This allows the Late Neolithic fortified settlements to be viewed in a broader context and related to changes in site distribution patterns over a period of approximately two thousand years.

Changing site distribution patterns of colorectal cancer at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital.

Analyzed data from an earlier reported experience with colorectal cancer at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, compared with findings observed and analyzed from 1959 to 1977 indicate a changing pattern of distribution of colorectal cancers. These changes lead to therapeutic conclusion that fiberoptic flexible sigmoidoscopy is the preferred diagnostic tool.

A note on the distribution of cancer in some endogamous groups in Western India.

Endogamous groups in Western India have been known to have a wide degree of genetic diversity. Analysis of the data available on some of the endogamous groups belonging to two main communities attending the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, viz. Hindus from Maharashtra, and Hindus from Gujarat show that one of the endogamous groups, the Maharashtrian Brahmin has a significantly different pattern of cancer site distribution compared to the other groups studied. Maharashtrian Brahmins have a low relative frequency of cancer of the oral cavity and high relative frequencies of cancer of the oropharynx and cancer of the oesophagus. The tobacco chewing habit pattern seems to have a bearing on the proportion of cancer of the oral cavity observed in the groups studied. However, in the case of cancer of the oropharynx and cancer of the oesophagus, factors besides smoking and chewing habits seem to be playing a role. A further study is indicated to clarify the points raised by the study.