Distribution Of Videos Research Articles

Video source identification using machine learning: A case study of 16 instant messaging applications

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the prevalence of cybercrimes related to video content, including the distribution of illegal videos and the sharing of copyrighted material. This has led to the growing importance of identifying the source of video files to trace the owner of the files involved in the incident or identify the distributor. Previous research has concentrated on revealing the device (brand and/or model) that “originally” created a video file. This has been achieved by analysing the pattern noise generated by the image sensor in the camera, the storage structural features of the file, and the metadata patterns. However, due to the widespread use of mobile environments, instant messaging applications (IMAs) such as Telegram and Wire have been utilized to share illegal videos, which can result in the loss of information from the original file due to re-encoding at the application level, depending on the transmission settings. Consequently, it is necessary to extend the scope of existing research to identify the various applications that are capable of re-encoding video files in transit. Furthermore, it is essential to determine whether there are features that can be leveraged to distinguish them from the source identification perspective. In this paper, we propose a machine learning-based methodology for classifying the source application by extracting various features stored in the storage format and internal metadata of video files. To conduct this study, we analyzed 16 IMAs that are widely used in mobile environments and generated a total of 1974 sample videos, taking into account both the transmission options and encoding settings offered by each IMA. The training and testing results on this dataset indicate that the ExtraTrees model achieved an identification accuracy of approximately 99.96 %. Furthermore, we developed a proof-of-concept tool based on the proposed method, which extracts the suggested features from videos and queries a pre-trained model. This tool is released as open-source software for the community.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Penyebaran Video Porno di Social Mendia “Telegram”

The spread of pornographic content on social media, including Telegram, has become an increasingly urgent issue that needs to be addressed legally.this research aims to explore the legal framework that can protect victims from the distribution of pornographic videos on the Telegram platform the research methods used are document analysis and case studies to understand the implementation of relevant laws in this context.research findings show that legal protection for victims of spreading pornographic videos on Telegram is still limited and requires more attention from the authorities.the implication of this research is the need for improved policies and more effective law enforcement to protect victims and prevent the spread of pornographic content on social media.

When a Boy Hurts a Girl in Cyberspace: Facilitators’ Views on Potential Benefits and Challenges in Restorative Justice

Recent years have seen a significant increase in cyber sexual offenses (CSO) conducted through the creation and distribution of intimate images and videos of others without their knowledge or consent, oftentimes among minors. Restorative justice (RJ) offers a platform to conduct an open, direct, and safe dialogue between responsible persons (RP) and survivors. This explorative study aimed to identify the central characteristics of RJ processes conducted following CSO between youths and to explore their potential benefits and challenges. The study involved in-depth interviews with 10 RJ facilitators and mediators in Israel and Belgium, who led RJ processes following CSO among minors. In addition, content analysis of documents describing these processes was conducted. Four themes emerged: The uniqueness of youth CSO; features of direct encounter; intergenerational aspects; and the need to manage expectations of the process among youth, parents, and facilitators.

Evaluating the Distribution, Quality, and Educational Value of Videos Related to Knee Instability Exercises on the Social Media Platform TikTok.

Introduction TikTok, a globally popular short-form video platform, offers a unique space for healthcare professionals to share advice, particularly under common conditions such as knee pain or instability. Despite its popularity, doubts persist regarding the reliability of medical information disseminated on TikTok. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of TikTok videos as a source of patient information on knee instability, recognizing the need for a comprehensive assessment of potential misinformation on this influential social media platform. Methods A search for "knee stability exercises" on TikTok yielded 448 videos, of which 187 met the inclusion criteria. These videos were categorized by source and evaluated using the Knee Exercise Education Scoring Tool (KEEST) and an information analysis questionnaire, DISCERN. Results General user videos (69.84%) had notably lower DISCERN scores than healthcare professional videos (29.1%) across all categories (P < 0.001, P = 0.282, P = 0.131, and P = 0.010). The DISCERN scores were inversely linked to video metrics (views, likes, comments, favorites, and shares). General user videos were largely of poor quality (66.4%), whereas healthcare professional videos spanned poor (61.8%), fair (28.2%), good (9.1%), and excellent (1.8%) categories. Both general users (12.31/25) and healthcare professionals (12.18/25) exhibited average quality according to KEEST standards (P = 0.809), with an intriguing inverse correlation between video popularity and DISCERN score. Conclusion Healthcare professionals demonstrated superior evidence-based content (DISCERN), whereas both groups were comparatively educated on treatment plans and effects (KEEST). TikTok's prevalent knee instability videos lack quality, proper sourcing, treatment risk information, and explanation. Moreover, popularity is inversely correlated with quality, and healthcare professionals appear to offer better evidence-based content. TikTok's role in healthcare highlights the importance of ensuring accurate information and implementing content quality regulations.

POTENSI KEKERASAN GENDER BERBASIS ONLINE PADA PENYALAHGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI KECERDASAN BUATAN BAGI PEREMPUAN DI MEDIA

This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and data collection techniques in the form of literature studies. Research results: apart from providing convenience, artificial intelligence technology also has negative impacts, one of which is related to online gender violence against women, including harassment and intimidation. AI can be used to automate online attacks such as verbal harassment, threats or intimidation, for example through chatbots used to send derogatory messages to women repeatedly, thereby creating an unsafe atmosphere in cyberspace. AI can also be misused in the distribution of revenge porn images and videos by digitally manipulating images or videos of women, so that they can be used as a tool to blackmail or humiliate them. AI can also be used to monitor female victims' online behavior, for example social media stalking and exploiting that information to carry out further attacks. Women who are victims of online gender violence often experience stigma and serious psychological impacts, such as anxiety disorders, depression and social isolation. Conclusion: collaboration between governments, online platforms, human rights activists and civil society is urgently needed to address the problem of online gender violence and its impact on women. Education and awareness about the threats associated with online gender violence is urgently needed.

Impact of the simultaneous distribution of e-learning and exercise videos on the health literacy and lifestyle of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial

Impact of the simultaneous distribution of e-learning and exercise videos on the health literacy and lifestyle of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial

Developing ChatGPT for biology and medicine: a complete review of biomedical question answering.

ChatGPT explores a strategic blueprint of question answering (QA) to deliver medical diagnoses, treatment recommendations, and other healthcare support. This is achieved through the increasing incorporation of medical domain data via natural language processing (NLP) and multimodal paradigms. By transitioning the distribution of text, images, videos, and other modalities from the general domain to the medical domain, these techniques have accelerated the progress of medical domain question answering (MDQA). They bridge the gap between human natural language and sophisticated medical domain knowledge or expert-provided manual annotations, handling large-scale, diverse, unbalanced, or even unlabeled data analysis scenarios in medical contexts. Central to our focus is the utilization of language models and multimodal paradigms for medical question answering, aiming to guide the research community in selecting appropriate mechanisms for their specific medical research requirements. Specialized tasks such as unimodal-related question answering, reading comprehension, reasoning, diagnosis, relation extraction, probability modeling, and others, as well as multimodal-related tasks like vision question answering, image captioning, cross-modal retrieval, report summarization, and generation, are discussed in detail. Each section delves into the intricate specifics of the respective method under consideration. This paper highlights the structures and advancements of medical domain explorations against general domain methods, emphasizing their applications across different tasks and datasets. It also outlines current challenges and opportunities for future medical domain research, paving the way for continued innovation and application in this rapidly evolving field. This comprehensive review serves not only as an academic resource but also delineates the course for future probes and utilization in the field of medical question answering.

Analyzing the Quality, Reliability, and Educational Value of ACL Rehabilitation Exercises on TikTok: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Videos relating to rehabilitation exercises for common injuries relevant to younger populations such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear receive high view counts on social media platforms such as TikTok. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality, reliability, and educational value of TikTok videos among the patient population for ACL injury. It was hypothesized that TikTok videos related to ACL rehabilitation exercises would lack quality, reliability, and educational value. Cross-sectional study. TikTok was queried for relevant videos using the hashtags "#ACLrehab" and "#ACLexercises." For each included video, the type of uploader (general user or health care professional) was identified. In addition, the number of views, likes, shares, comments, and favorites for each included video was recorded, and the content of each video was graded using the DISCERN (a well-validated informational analysis tool) and the ACL exercise education score (ACLEES - a custom-designed tool for the evaluation of ACL-related exercises). A total of 111 videos with 5,520,660 cumulative views were included; the median number of views per video was 9801.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 3583.0-28,000.0). Of these videos, 84 and 27 were created by the general public and health care professionals, respectively. The videos collectively received 335,577 likes, 2969 comments, 22,856 favorites, and 6142 shares, with a median of 439 (IQR, 111-1374), 10 (IQR, 2.5-25.5), 54 (IQR, 18-172.5), and 12 (IQR, 2-36), respectively. The tabulated scores for the DISCERN and ACLEES between general users and health care professionals were all statistically nonsignificant. Health care professionals had a higher percentage of videos with a "very poor" DISCERN score in comparison with the general public (66.67% vs 53.57%, respectively). The overall educational value of the TikTok videos related to ACL rehabilitation exercises was very poor. Health care professionals should be aware of the broad distribution of ACL rehabilitation exercise videos that are accessible on TikTok and raise awareness of the deficiencies of the platform as a medium for educational medical-related information.

Utilization of Digital Forensics in Proving the Crime of Disseminating Indecent Videos Through Facebook Social Media in the Legal Area of West Kalimantan Police

The research entitled: "Utilization of Digital Forensics in Proving the Crime of Disseminating Indecent Videos Through Facebook Social Media in the KALBAR Police Legal Area" aims to find out and describe the implementation of information and research results in Pontianak city and to find out and analyze the utilization of digital forensics in proving the crime of spreading indecent videos through Facebook social media in the KALBAR police jurisdiction. This research was conducted using a sociological juridical approach method, namely examining and processing data from field research by starting from normative legal aspects supported by documents related to the problem in the form of regulations and cases related to the subject matter Based on research and data analysis, information can be obtained that the implementation of Digital Forensics related to the criminal act of spreading immoral videos through Facebook social media is a process of investigating and analyzing digital evidence related to the crime. In this case, the digital evidence that is the focus is an immoral video that spreads through the Facebook social media platform. Discussed in several important topics, namely; 1. The Role of Digital Forensics Related to the Crime of Dissemination of Indecent Video Through Facebook Social Media, 2. What Factors Become Obstacles in Proof Through Digital Forensics Related to the Crime of Dissemination of Indecent Video Through Facebook Social Media, 3. What Efforts Have Been Made in Optimizing Digital Forensic Evidence Related to the Crime of Immoral Video Dissemination Through Facebook. The conclusion that can be conveyed in this research is that the application of digital forensics involves several important stages, including the identification of digital evidence, storage of digital evidence, analysis of digital evidence, and presentation of findings. Digital forensics has a crucial role in proving legal cases. In Indonesia, the evidentiary system requires a minimum of two valid pieces of evidence and the conviction of the Judge to determine the guilt of the defendant. In the case of cyber crime, electronic evidence must meet both formal and material requirements to be considered valid and admissible in court. Therefore, the application of digital forensics in the investigation of cyber crime, especially the distribution of immoral videos, has an important role in finding relevant electronic evidence and evidence for the judicial process.

Distribution of videos demonstrating best practices in preventing hemolysis is associated with reduced hemolysis among nurse-collected specimens in hospitals

BackgroundMinimizing hemolysis during phlebotomy ensures accurate chemistry results and reduces test cancellations and specimen recollections. We developed videos demonstrating best practices to reduce hemolysis and tested whether distribution to clinical nurse educators (CNEs) for provision to nursing staff affected the degree of specimen hemolysis in hospital inpatient units and outpatient clinics. MethodsVideos of common blood collections demonstrating best practices to reduce hemolysis were filmed and then distributed via email link to all hospital-based CNEs in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. (https://vimeo.com/user18866730/review/159869683/a0cec9827f). Roche Cobas hemolysis index (H-index) results from specimens collected +/- 12 months from the date of video distribution were extracted from Roche Cobas IT middleware (cITM) and linked to collection location. An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis with collection location as the unit of anlaysis was used to quantify impact of video distribution on the trajectory of weekly mean log-H-index weighted by inverse variance. ResultsIn +/- 3 months of data flanking video distribution (n = 137 241 collections), where overall impact was strongest, H-index trajectory (change in units per week) decreased immediately following video distribution (-5.7% / week, p < 0.01). This was accompanied by a 22% drop in overall H-index from the week before to the week after video distribution (y-intercept change, or gap). There was also a small but significant overall decrease in the proportion of hemolyzed specimens (-0.3%, p < 0.01). These changes were not observed at all collection locations, and in fact increases occured at some locations. ConclusionsWe developed a novel and convenient educational aid that, when distributed, was associated with beneficial changes in specimen hemolysis at hospital inpatient units and outpatient clinics. Including it in ongoing nursing education will fill a knowledge gap that may help to reduce specimen hemolysis.

Cyber-bullying among in-school Adolescents: Prevalence and Coping Strategies across Gender

Objective: In the technology-driven world nowadays, bullying has transcended the in-person to the cyberspace. Cyber-bullying can occur through email and text messages, chat rooms, social media, or instant messaging, and via unwelcome distribution of photos or videos, exclusion from online social networks, or theft of online identity. Cyber-bullying has caused a degeneration in the academic performance of numerous adolescents and the key variable that this study focused on is gender. Coping strategies have been developed to help adolescents withstand the trauma of cyber-bullying, and prominent ones include seeking support from parents and peers, confronting or ignoring the cyber bully. The purpose of the study is to determine the number of male and female students that experience cyber bullying in secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. Methods: Data for the study was collected through a survey of a sample of 1,123 in-school adolescents in gender-mixed secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. The research instrument was adapted from Corcoran’s (2013) instrument that dealt with incidence and coping strategies of cyber-bullying. The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling. Data was analyzed using standard deviation. Results: The findings indicate that cyber-bullying was prevalent among in-school adolescents in Anambra State secondary schools in Nigeria. The implication of this finding is that the availability and usage of social media has opened up avenues for people to indulge in a lot of negative activities that can be injurious to others. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a prevalence of in-person cyberbullying among adolescents in Anambra State Secondary Schools. It is also verified that female adolescents in Anambra State experience cyber-bullying more than their male counterparts.

Universal Prototype Transport for Zero-Shot Action Recognition and Localization

This work addresses the problem of recognizing action categories in videos when no training examples are available. The current state-of-the-art enables such a zero-shot recognition by learning universal mappings from videos to a semantic space, either trained on large-scale seen actions or on objects. While effective, we find that universal action and object mappings are biased to specific regions in the semantic space. These biases lead to a fundamental problem: many unseen action categories are simply never inferred during testing. For example on UCF-101, a quarter of the unseen actions are out of reach with a state-of-the-art universal action model. To that end, this paper introduces universal prototype transport for zero-shot action recognition. The main idea is to re-position the semantic prototypes of unseen actions by matching them to the distribution of all test videos. For universal action models, we propose to match distributions through a hyperspherical optimal transport from unseen action prototypes to the set of all projected test videos. The resulting transport couplings in turn determine the target prototype for each unseen action. Rather than directly using the target prototype as final result, we re-position unseen action prototypes along the geodesic spanned by the original and target prototypes as a form of semantic regularization. For universal object models, we outline a variant that defines target prototypes based on an optimal transport between unseen action prototypes and object prototypes. Empirically, we show that universal prototype transport diminishes the biased selection of unseen action prototypes and boosts both universal action and object models for zero-shot classification and spatio-temporal localization.

Etika Bermedia: Menyebar Foto dan Video Tanpa Izin Termasuk Melanggar Privasi

This study aims to determine ethics in media including taking photos or videos that include privacy. Not everyone likes it when their photos appear on social media. This will realize the importance of upholding ethics in media. The method used in this study is library research by collecting information and data with the help of various kinds of existing materials such as documents, books, journals, articles and so on. The results of this study show that media ethics are very important today. The right to privacy is often forgotten by media users, especially when taking pictures or recording others without permission. The rules of social media are in fact not in harmony with conditions on the ground. Many violations occur, for example the distribution of photos and videos of someone without permission to the person concerned. It is expected that users will be wiser in addressing the boundaries needed when mediating. In addition, media providers should provide features that support the security and privacy of their users.

Evaluating the Distribution, Quality, and Educational Value of Videos Related to Shoulder Instability Exercises on the Social Media Platform TikTok.

Because of the lack of scientific oversight, the quality, applicability, and consistency of healthcare-related TikTok videos have become a focus of research exploration. The orthopaedic surgery literature lags behind other medical fields in analyzing the widespread utilization of TikTok videos for medical information delivery. TikTok was queried using the hashtag #shoulderstabilityexercises, and 109 videos were included. The videos were collected by two authors and independently evaluated using DISCERN (a well-validated informational analysis tool) and shoulder stability exercise education score (a self-designed tool for the evaluation of shoulder instability-related exercises). DISCERN scores of videos uploaded by general users had significantly lower scores in all four categories than those uploaded by healthcare professionals (P < 0.001, P = 0.005, P = 0.002, and P < 0.001). For the shoulder stability exercise education score, general users had a significantly lower score than the healthcare professionals at 3.36 and 4.91 on a 25-point scale, respectively (P = 0.034). General users had more videos graded as very poor (84.2%) in comparison to the number of videos uploaded by healthcare professionals deemed very poor (51.5%). However, the remainder of healthcare professionals had their videos graded as poor (48.5%). Despite slightly improved video quality from healthcare professionals, the overall educational of the videos related to shoulder instability exercises was poor.

장작불 영상을 선호하는 대중 심리에 대한 해석적 연구

This study focuses on the popular video content of fireplace videos that have gained popularity on platforms such as YouTube over the past few years. As most popular videos on video platforms have a plot and even very short videos contain narrative elements such as events or twists, it is noteworthy that monotonous fireplace videos without a story have gained such widespread popularity. This study attempts a critical analysis of the phenomenon by linking the online reproduction of fireplace videos with the trendy term “hitting mung” which has received significant attention from the public.&#x0D; Starting from the discourse on “daydreaming” being linked to psychological effects and being presented as the purpose of the production and distribution of videos, previous research on the psychological effects of campfire videos was explored. Then, to specialize in “hitting mung” among various “daydreaming” contents, the unique media history of “hitting mung” videos and the cultural context of Western households were examined. In addition, by examining Gaston Bachelard's discussion of the imagery of fire in relation to daydreaming, material imagination, relaxation, and healing, the study interpreted the psychology of modern people who prefer “hitting mung” videos. The study presents a content critique that gives meaning to the imagery of fire as a cultural archetype through an interpretive analysis of the epistemo- logical relationship between “fire” and “hitting mung”.

Development of Interactive Learning Media In Basic Programming Subjects Based on Learning Management System (LMS)

Interactive Learning Media has a very important role in the process of teaching and learning activities (KBM) in schools, especially during a pandemic, where KBM activities must be carried out online (in a network). To streamline online learning activities are stored in the Learning Management System (LMS), which is a web-based software program for management, documentation, monitoring, reporting, administration and distribution of educational content, training programs, technical manuals, instructional videos or digital library materials, and projects learning and development. Interactive Learning Media is a multimedia-based tool that can describe messages or information from teacher to students in which active two-way communication occurs between multimedia and users (students) so that it can facilitate the online learning process. This study used the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method with six stages, namely: concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The research objective is to create interactive learning media for basic programming subjects using Articulate Storyline software. The results of designing learning media are in the form of a scom application that can be integrated into the school's Learning Management System (LMS) and can be accessed by students anywhere and anytime via a laptop or smartphone.

Social punishment by the distribution of aggressive TikTok videos against women in a traditional society

PurposeOnline violence has been rampant in the past decade, intensifying the victims’ suffering owing to its rapid dissemination to vast audiences. This study aims to focus on online gender-based violence directed against young Bedouin women who have left their male-dominated home territory for academic studies. This study examined how the backlash against these students, intended to stop changes in traditional gender roles, is reflected in offensive TikTok videos.Design/methodology/approachThis research is based on a qualitative-thematic analysis of 77 questionnaires and 30 semistructured in-depth interviews with first-year female Bedouin students aged 18–21 years.FindingsThe backlash was widespread, with young Bedouin men using offensive videos as “proof” that women have violated codes of honor and morality. The videos exhibited four types of gender-based violence: claims of immoral behavior, aggressive captions that take the footage out of context, allegations of immodest clothing and digital photo editing that produced fabricated results. Examining participants' reactions to the videos, this study revealed two patterns of response: passive acceptance of the situation and an active approach that included reaching out to powerful Bedouin men for solutions.Originality/valueThis research enriches the literature on online gender-based violence, particularly against women in traditional societies, and suggests practical steps: developing online media literacy in traditional societies, adopting a proactive approach and nurturing social self-competence in women who have been victims of online gender-based violence.

A Novel Video Propagation Strategy Fusing User Interests and Social Influences Based on Assistance of Key Nodes in Social Networks

Accurate video launching and propagation is significant for promotion and distribution of videos. In this paper, we propose a novel video propagation strategy that fuses user interests and social influences based on the assistance of key nodes in social networks (VPII). VPII constructs an estimation model for video distribution capacities in the process of video propagation by investigating interest preference and influence of social users: (1) An estimation method of user preferences for video content is designed by integrating a comparative analysis between current popular videos and historical popular videos. (2) An estimation method to determine the distribution capacities of videos is designed according to scale and importance of neighbor nodes covered. VPII further designs a multi-round video propagation strategy with the assistance of the selected key nodes, which enables these nodes to implement accurate video launching by estimating weighted levels based on available bandwidth and node degree centrality. The video propagation can effectively promote the scale and speed of video sharing and efficiently utilize network resources. Simulations-based testing shows how VPII outperforms other state-of-the-art solutions in terms of startup delay, caching hit ratio, caching cost and higher control overhead.

Non-consensual dissemination of sexual images: The victim-offender overlap

Digital technology provides young people with many new opportunities. However, these opportunities concurred with the development of new offences. A well-studied offence is non-consensual dissemination of sexual images (NCDSI), which can be described as the distribution of explicit photos and videos without the awareness and/or permission of the person pictured. According to previous research, adolescents and emerging adults are most often victims and perpetrators of this behaviour. Furthermore, several studies have observed that there is a relation between victimisation and perpetration of NCDSI. Our study aims to further explore this relation. Using data from the Youth monitor 2018, a survey conducted by the Youth Research Platform in Flanders, the present study researched whether there was a victim-offender overlap within NCDSI. Moreover, the relation between NCDSI and victimisation and perpetration of other offences was studied. Both bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Our results show that there is a victim-offender overlap within NCDSI as well as an association between NCDSI and victimisation and perpetration of other offences. Theoretical insights for these findings are presented. In addition, the notions ‘victim’ and ‘offender’ are discussed as the overlap questions their suitability.

Upaya Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 pada Anak Usia Dini melalui Media Video Edukasi

Health protocols were quickly implemented to break the chain of spread of COVID-19, such as: health campaigns, the use of protective attributes, and distance learning which suddenly had to be implemented in every school. The widespread spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia has an impact on all children in Indonesia. This has resulted in many educational forums being overwhelmed in providing supervision, as well as providing optimal learning materials, especially providing knowledge to early childhood about the dangers of a pandemic and the importance of maintaining personal hygiene to prevent the transmission of COVID-19, which is considered relatively difficult, because there is no direct relationship. direct. Through this community service activity, the introduction of the prevention of COVID-19 transmission is carried out through the distribution of online educational videos, in order to provide knowledge and increase the sensitivity of early childhood to be able to maintain personal hygiene and be aware of the dangers that lurk, so that early childhood can consciously do the habit of washing hands, wearing masks, and keeping a distance in daily life to prevent the spread of COVID-19 that hit.