Distribution Of Taste Buds Research Articles

Distribution of taste buds on the lips and inside the mouth in the minnow, Pseudorasbora parva

The distribution and abundance of taste buds were quantitatively examined by observing silver impregnated serial sections. The taste buds were widely dispersed on the skin, the lips, the mucosa in the oro-pharyngeal cavity, the esophagus, and the branchial apparatus. The great majority of them was found on the lips and inside the mouth. The external buds were concentrated especially on the outer lips and the adjacent skin, while their number diminished in a caudal direction. Very few were found on the scaled skin. The total number of external buds in a specimen of 6 cm in length was 1,486. The number of taste buds inside the mouth was 6,600. On the inner lips and the palatal organ densities were found to reach over 140 per mm 2. High concentrations of taste buds were also found on the gill arches and rakers. These taste buds varied to some extent in size and shape, depending on the thickness of the epithelial layer. It is suggested that the minnow may use the lips, gills and palatal organ as its main taste organs.

Distribution of taste buds on fungiform and circumvallate papillae of bovine tongue.

The distribution of taste buds on the fungiform and circumvallate papillae of the cow tongue has been determined. The two tongues studied were from Holstein-Friesian cows four to six years of age; they contained 14,765 and 21,691 taste buds, respectively. The tip of the tongue is well supplied with fungiform papillae, and the posterior portion contains the circumvallate papillae. The midportion of the tongue contains relatively few taste papillae. The fungiform papillae contained 1,580 and 1,838 taste buds on the two tongues, respectively, and the circumvallate papillae were estimated to contain 13,185 and 19,853 taste buds. The highest concentration of taste buds therefore occurs in the circumvallate papillae; these relatively few papillae contain approximately 90% of the taste buds. On a circumvallate papilla, taste buds are found only on the papillary sidewall, with none either on the apical surface of the papilla or on the outer wall of the moat.

Taste bud distribution and regional responsiveness on the anterior tongue of the rat

It has been shown that over 50% of the taste buds in fungiform papillae of the rat are located on the tongue tip. The half on the tip were isolated from the half on the mid-region for chemical stimulation while the summated response of the whole chorda tympani nerve was recorded. The tip grave responses which were 70–90% of the response to stimulation of the entire tongue, while the mid-region elicited responses which were 40–50% of the entire tongue responses. This result was consistent whether the stimulus was NaCl, HCl, or sucrose which shows that responsiveness to these 3 stimulus compounds is found in the same relative proportion within either region of the tongue. The density of papillae per unit of surface area on the tip is over 2.5 times greater than on the mid-region, so the greater responsiveness of the tip may be due to more potent lateral interaction among single taste bud inputs than on the mid-region.

Taste Buds in the Bill of the Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L.)

In ducks taste buds have been reported only from the posterior parts of the oral cavity (BATH, 1906). In this study the presence of additional fields of taste buds in more anterior parts of the bill of the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos L.) has been demonstrated. The anatomical details of these taste buds concur closely to what is generally described, but some differences were found. The distribution of the taste buds was studied using two techniques 1) rapid surface staining and 2) scanning electron microscopy. The functional implications of this distribution was discussed. Clearly demonstrated is the close correlation of the distribution of taste buds with the food pathway, as described by ZWEERS et al. (1977).

Reformation of taste buds by crossed sensory nerves in the rat's tongue.

AbstractOakley, B. Reformation of taste buds by crossed sensory nervps in the rat's tongue. Acta physiol. scand. 1970. 79. 88–94.Rat taste buds degenerate and disappear when their nerve supply is cut. Regeneration of the taste nerve fibres causes certain epithelial cells to differentiate into slender receptor cells comprising the taste bud. In this study by cross‐union the glossopharyngeal (IXth) nerve was made to innervate the front of the tongue, and in other rats the chorda tympani nerve was forced to grow to the back of the tongue. These cross‐regenerated sensory nerves were able to cause differentiation of epithelial cells into taste buds, whose number and distribution were histologically determined 15 weeks postoperatively. The cross‐innervating IXth nerve reestablished taste buds in the existing fungiform papillae in conformity with the normal number and distribution of taste buds at the front of the tongue. The chorda tympani, forced to innervate the hack of the tongue, reestablish in the foliae papillae more than 1.5 times as many taste buds as it normally innervates. The number of taste buds normally innervated by the chorda tympani must, therefore, be restricted by the capacity of the anterior tongue tissue to respond to this nerve's influence. This study indicates that the distribution and total number of taste buds in the rat tongue is limited by the inherent nature of the tongue region being innervated (tissue‐specific) rather than by the type of nerve supplying the taste buds (nerve‐specific).

Comparative morphology of the oropharyngeal cavity of clinid fish (Perciformes: Clinidae), with particular attention to the form, number and distribution of taste buds, and dentition

The present study compares the form, number and distribution of taste buds (TB) in the oropharyngeal cavity (OC) of 17 species of clinid fish (Perciformes, Blennioidei, Clinidae) from different geographical regions (Australia, Taiwan, South Africa), and includes observations on dentition. Larger juveniles and adult clinids possess the three types of TB described in teleost fish: Type I, protruding on papillae, dominate the anterior OC, often together with the less protruding Type II, whereas Type III, whose apical parts are level with the oral epithelium, dominate the posterior OC, closer to the pharynx. The average surface diameter of a TB is approx. 4μm, but some TB of 1.5μm were also observed. High numbers of TB are situated on and around the toothed epipharyngeal and hypopharyngeal bones, possibly serving as the final checkpoint of food items. The total number of TB in the various species ranges from 648 in Heteroclinus wilsoni of 35mm SL and 977 in a 54mm SL adult Muraenoclinus dorsalis, to 2 526 in Heteroclinus heptaeolus of 74mm SL and 4 050 in a 118mm SL Clinus superciliosus. In specimens of the same species the number of TB is positively correlated with fish size, but there appears to be no such correlation between different taxa. The highest density of TB (216 mm−2) was observed on the hypopharyngeal bones of Clinus superciliosus, and the lowest (8.4 mm−2) on the upper valve of Clinus cottoides. The number and distribution of TB in clinids are compared with data from other fish taxa.

Number and distribution of taste buds on the epiglottis, pharynx, larynx, soft palate and uvula in a human newborn.

Number and distribution of taste buds on the epiglottis, pharynx, larynx, soft palate and uvula in a human newborn.

The influence of complete dentures upon taste perception

Abstract 1. Taste, as we ordinarily think of it, is dependent upon all our special senses. 2. Without the sense of smell we have only our basic tastes, namely, sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. 3. In addition, taste perception is influenced by the age, health, attitude, or hunger of the individual. 4. The sense of touch and temperature are also closely allied with the sense of taste. 5. There is a much wider distribution of taste buds in the fetus, infant, and children than in the adult. Our sense of taste diminishes, therefore, as we grow older. 6. There is a gradual shift of taste from the tip of the tongue to the region of the circumvallate papillae. Our sense of taste of sweet and salt diminishes, and the sour is more pronounced. 7. Complete loss of taste, or ageusia, is known to accompany hysterical and other abnormal nervous states. It may be temporary, or, in cases of certain lesions, the sense of taste may be permanently destroyed. 8. The sense of taste may be interfered with or even interrupted by the interjection of an outside stimulus such as a denture or dentures. 9. Pressure or pain acting as a counterirritant may interrupt the sense of taste. 10. Mastication of food on the anterior teeth or undermastication of food may preclude the actual penetration of the material or food in solution into the taste pore.

Numerical and regional distribution of taste buds on the tongue of the bird.

Numerical and regional distribution of taste buds on the tongue of the bird.

Distribution of taste buds in fungiform papillae on tongue of the opossum

Distribution of taste buds in fungiform papillae on tongue of the opossum

Total distribution of taste buds on the tongue of the kitten at birth

Total distribution of taste buds on the tongue of the kitten at birth

On the place of origin and method of distribution of taste buds in ameiurus melas

On the place of origin and method of distribution of taste buds in ameiurus melas