Distribution Of Mucopolysaccharides Research Articles

Histochemical study on distribution of mucopolysaccharides in trachea of buffalo during prenatal development

Histochemical study on distribution of mucopolysaccharides in trachea of buffalo during prenatal development

Influence of aromatic hydrocarbons on the distribution of mucopolysaccharides associated with the gill and nasal mucosa

Selective aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, xylene and naphthalene have been analyzed as to their relative toxicities to acquatic organisms. The aromatic hydrocarbon fraction of JP-4 jet aviation fuel, which consists of benzene, xylene and toluene induces cellular lesions in a variety of internal organs of the fat-head minnow.The primary objective of the investigation was to determine the acute ultrastructural effects of the water soluble fraction of petroleum-derived JP-4 aviation fuel on the distribution of mucopolysaccharides normally associated with surfaces of the gill and nasal mucosa of the fat-head minnow. Ruthenium red, a hexavalent cation, was employed as a visual marker for the presence of mucopolysaccharides.Fish were exposed to a 60% concentration of the water soluble fraction of JP-4. At the time periods of 2, 6 and 12 hours subsequent to the initial exposure, a select number of fish were removed from the solution and the gills and sections of the nasal mucosa were excised. The tissues were immersed for 1 hour in 0.1M cacodylate-buffered (pH 7.4) 2.5% glutaraldehyde containing 500 ppm ruthenium red.

Histochemical reactions for mucopolysaccharides in the Dinosaur bone Studies on Epon- and methacrylate-embedded semithin sections as well as on isolated osteocytes and ground sections of bone

The dinosaur bone was examined with the aim to detect in it the presence of mucopolysaccharides. The methacrylate- and Epon-embedded semithin sections of the studied bone were found to contain substances giving positive reaction on application of histochemical procedures used for identification of mucopolysaccharides (mucosubstances). These substances were also shown to be localized in the perivascular space, within the vascular canal, and around the osteocytes. The distribution of mucopolysaccharides in the dinosaur bone turned out to be comparable with their distribution in the bones of contemporary animals.

The distribution of mucopolysaccharides in normal and detached retinas

The distribution of mucopolysaccharides in normal and detached retinas

Cystic fibrosis: Distribution of mucopolysaccharides in fibroblast cultures

The mucopolysaccharide content of skin fibroblast cultures from patients and heterozygous carriers of cystic fibrosis was increased as compared to that from normal, non-carrier individuals. The distribution of mucopolysaccharides in these cultures (with the intracellular uronic acid similar to control cells and that in the extracellular matrix and medium increased) was markedly different from that seen in cultures derived from normals and patients with Hurler's syndrome.

Histochemical Studies of Alkaline Phosphatase in Epiphyseal Cartilage of Normal and Zinc-deficient Chicks

The object of this study was to compare histochemically the distribution of alkaline phosphatase, mucopolysaccharides and collagen in the epiphyseal plates of normal chicks, zinc-deficient chicks and zinc-deficient chicks fed histamine or indomethacin. A diet based on isolated soybean protein was used and manganesedeficient chicks were studied for comparison. Alkaline phosphatase in normal chick epiphysis was found in the proliferating cells near the maturing region, in maturing cells, and in degenerating cells which contained remnants of cellular elements. Little or no alkaline phosphatase was present in early proliferating cells or in fully degenerated cells, but it was again found in calcifying areas. The epiphyseal plate cells of zinc-deficient chicks showed this normal progression of alkaline phosphatase activity only if they were near blood vessels or in areas of calcification, where proximity to blood vessels had no effect and normal alkaline phosphatase activity was found. In the deficient chick, cells remote from blood vessels were much delayed in their development of alkaline phosphatase. No difference in distribution of mucopolysaccharides or collagen was found. The epiphysis from zinc-deficient chicks fed histamine or indomethacin showed the same distribution of alkaline phosphatase as did zinc-deficient tissue even though these agents grossly moderated the leg defect. Manganese deficiency did not affect the distribution of alkaline phosphatase in chick epiphyseal tissue. Alkaline phosphatase in noncalcifying chick epiphyseal plate tissue appeared to be necessary for normal cell maturation and degeneration, processes which were defective in the zinc-deficient chicks. This and other theories about alkaline phosphatase function are discussed.

Effect of prednisolone and hydrocortisone on distribution of mucopolysaccharides in the skin of rats

Effect of prednisolone and hydrocortisone on distribution of mucopolysaccharides in the skin of rats

Effect of age on the heparin content of rat skin.

IN 1955, Shetlar and Masters1 demonstrated a change with age in the composition of acid mucopolysaccharides of human cartilage. They found that both uronic acid and hexosamine decreased with age but the decrease in hexosamine was less striking, indicating a relative increase in some hexosamine-containing polysaccharide. Further evidence for a shift in the relative proportions of acid mucopolysaccharides in ageing cartilage was provided by Kuhn and Leppelmann2, who reported a decrease in the ratio of galactosamine to glucosamine. Recently, Kaplan and Meyer3 observed that the content of chondroitinsulphuric acid in human cartilage decreased and that of keratosulphate increased with age. On the basis of an increasing glucosamine to galactosamine ratio, Hallen4 concluded that the ratio of keratosulphate to chondroitinsulphuric acid in human nucleus pulposus increased with age. A difference in the distribution of mucopolysaccharides between embryonic and mature pig skin was reported by Loewi and Meyer5. They found that hyaluronic acid comprised 78 per cent of the total skin mucopolysaccharides in the embryo and only 30 per cent in the adult, whereas chondroitinsulphuric acid-B represented 5–12 per cent in embryonic skin and 64 per cent of total mucopolysaccharides in adult skin.

Presence and distribution of mucopolysaccharides in the synovial membrane in diseases of the knee joint

Es wurden Untersuchungen der Synovialis auf die Verteilung der nachweisbaren Mucopolysaccharide bei verschiedenen Gelenkaffektionen mit Hilfe der Toluidinblaufarbung durchgefuhrt. Die entzundeten Gelenke geben durchwegs eine starkere Metachromasie und auch die Ausbreitung der Mucopolysaccharide in der Synovialis ist im Vergleich zum normalen Gelenk groser. In Analogie zu den physikochemischen Untersuchungen der Synovia wird die Meinung vertreten, das die nachgewiesenen Mucopolysaccharide niedere Polymerisate sind. Besonders bei den chronischen Gelenkaffektionen wurden zahlreiche Mastzellen gefunden. Ihre Beziehungen zur Hyaluronsaure wurden erortert.