Distinctive Characters Research Articles

Analysis of the Role of Costume Design in Shaping the Characters of Film and Television

With the development of the times and social progress, people begin to focus on the pursuit of spirituality after their material life is satisfied. As a popular art form, film and television dramas are favored by the audience, especially the younger generation. Among them, it has become one of the important ways to spread cultural information because of its audio-visual combination and strong intuitiveness. As a result, more and more directors are focusing on the distinctive characters in film and television dramas. How to express the status, character traits and emotional changes of the characters in the drama through costume modeling has become a key research topic for many scholars. This paper analyzes the positive effects and problems of the interdependence between costume design and film and television performance, in the hope that more scholars and practitioners will explore this field in greater depth.

Natural cube stone road pavements: design approach and analysis

Cube stone road pavements commonly are recognized for their historical, cultural, aesthetic and ecological value. This type of traditional paving is still present and diffuse in Italy in important historic centers as well as in smaller towns where, thanks to their distinctive characters (materials, setts, schemes, typologies) represents a heritage to be preserved. A part technical features, local distinctiveness and quality streetscapes must be considered among the main issues and values to be considered in design and reinstating paving schemes.Among cities, L'Aquila had a wide stone paved historic center partially dismantled due to damages caused by the earthquake of April 6, 2009 to the underground services.In this work a design approach based on the finite element method (FEM) was adopted.A catalog of cube stones streets was proposed in order to provide a decision tool to the technicians for the dimensioning of these pavements. To this purpose, porphyry (6-8 cm) and limestone (10-12 cm) cube stones pavements were investigated in order to provide different aesthetic and technical solutions. Between paving layers and materials a linear elastic behavior and as traffic load condition commercial light trucks (80%) and urban buses (20%) were assumed. The admissible strain-stress states for the surface, the mixed granular foundation, the gravel mixed cemented and concrete slab are reported.The catalog provides, for specific load conditions, the thicknesses of the various layers of the structure paving that have determined stress-strain states lower than those considered admissible and able to guarantee a nominal life at least of twenty years.The results show that best nominal life and safety, even in increasing traffic volume during time, are obtained using porphyry cube stones and gravel mixed concrete cemented or concrete slab substrates.

Globba amicitia (Zingiberaceae: Globbeae), a new species from Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area, Bolikhamxay Province, Laos

Globba amicitia (Zingiberaceae: Globbeae), a new species from Laos is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically most similar to G. larsenii, a species from Thailand, in having erect inflorescences and entirely yellow flowers without spots, but easily recognizable by its sessile cincinni and puberulent lateral staminodes. A proposed IUCN Red List assessment and notes on distinguishing characters are provided. A key to species of Globba subgenus Globba in the Indo-Chinese region is included.

Ревизия лишайников рода Micarea (Pilocarpaceae) в Беларуси, с ключом для определения видов

As a result of the revision of the herbarium material stored at the V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (MSK), 17 lichen species from the genus Micarea have been identified for Belarus, of which six are reported for the first time for the republic: M. byssacea, M. microareolata, M. nowakii, M. pusilla, M. pseudomicrococca, and M. soralifera. In addition, four other species are known for Belarus according to the literature. In general, the paper provides a list of 21 Micarea species. The distinguishing characters, differences from similar species, distribution in Belarus, as well as phytocoenotic and substrate confinement are discussed for each of them. A key for identification of Micarea species in Belarus is given.

Highly Anthropomorphic Finger Design With a Novel Friction Clutch for Achieving Human-Like Reach-and-Grasp Movements.

In the design of prosthetic hand fingers, achieving human-like movement while meeting anthropomorphic demands such as appearance, size, and lightweight is quite challenging. Human finger movement involves two distinct motion characters during natural reach-and-grasp tasks: consistency in the reaching stage and adaptability in the grasping stage. The former one enhances grasp stability and reduces control complexity; the latter one promotes the adaptability of finger to various objects. However, conventional tendon-driven prosthetic finger designs typically incorporate bulky actuation modules or complex tendon routes to reconcile the consistency and adaptability. In contrast, we propose a novel friction clutch consisting of a single tendon and slider, which is simple and compact enough to be configurated within the metacarpal bone. Through tactfully exploiting the friction force to balance the gravity effect on each phalanx during finger motion, this design effectively combines both consistency and adaptability. As a result, the prosthetic finger can maintain consistent motion unaffected by any spatial posture during reaching, execute adaptive motion during grasping, and automatically switch between them, resulting in human-like reach-and-grasp movements. Additionally, the proposed finger achieves a highly anthropomorphic design, weighing only 18.9 g and possessing the same size as an adult's middle finger. Finally, a series of experiments validate the theoretical effectiveness and motion performance of the proposed design. Remarkably, the mechanical principle of the proposed friction clutch is beneficial to achieve highly anthropomorphic design, providing not only a new strategy to prosthetic hand design but also great potential in hand rehabilitation.

Deep Convolutional Neural Network with a Stochastic Gradient Descent Optimizer (PDCNN-SGD) model for telugu character recognition

Telugu Character Recognition (TCR) has received significant attention because of the drastic increase in technological advancements such as multimedia, smartphones and iPods, and paper documents. Offline character recognition is the process of identifying Telugu characters from the scanned image or document whereas online character recognition enables to recognition of characters by the machine while the user writes. Several researchers have attempted to design online TCR models by the use of distinct classification models and feature extraction approaches. It is still necessary to construct automated and intelligent online TCR models, even if many studies have focused on offline TCR models. The Telugu character dataset construction and validation using an Inception and ResNet-based model are presented. The collection of 645 letters in the dataset includes 18 Achus, 38 Hallus, 35 Othulu, 34*16 Guninthamulu and 10 Ankelu. The proposed technique aims to efficiently recognize and identify distinctive Telugu characters online. This model's main preprocessing steps to achieve its goals include normalization, smoothing, and interpolation. Improved recognition performance can be attained by using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) to optimize the model's hyperparameters.

Enantioselective [3+2]-cycloaddition of 2,3-disubstituted cyclobutenones: vicinal quaternary stereocenters construction and skeletal functionalization.

Cycloaddition is a fundamental transformation, featuring the assembly of complex cyclic molecules with multiple stereocenters. We report here a silver-catalyzed [3+2]-cycloaddition of 2,3-disubstituted cyclobutenones with an array of azomethine ylide precursors iminoesters, furnishing azabicycles in good yields and enantioselectivities. Up to three contiguous all-carbon quaternary centers, including two angular stereocenters, could be constructed efficiently, due to high reactivity of strained cyclobutenones. Subsequent skeletal remodeling provided versatile molecules with distinct structural characters.

Simulating the propagation of rumours with spreaders of distinct characters

The occurrence of a disaster and the appearance of a new product are items of news that can reach many people rapidly. Decision-makers would like to know how many individuals will obtain such information. In this paper, we study the case in which there are spreaders who think that the news is true and others that claim it is false. We simulate the propagation of a rumour and propose an algorithm for estimating the parameters of the resulting dynamical system. The relation between the parameters defining the simulation and the dynamical system is also studied. We conclude that the simulation describes the phenomenon well, in particular when the method proposed in this paper is used to estimate the parameters.

Fine-Grained Image Classification by Class and Image-Specific Decomposition With Multiple Views

Fine-grained image classification attempts to accurately classify images that are similar to each other. Multiview information is often used to improve the classification accuracy. Although great progress has been made, fine-grained image classification methods still have two drawbacks. On the one hand, they often treat each image independently without considering image correlations within the same class along with the distinctive characters of each image. On the other hand, multiview correlations are often used during classifier training, leaving the correlations of different views unconsidered. To solve these two problems, in this paper, we propose a novel fine-grained image classification method by class and image-specific decomposition with multiviews (CISD-MV). For each view, we treat images of the same class jointly by decomposing the class and image-specific information. Since images of different classes are similar and correlated, we linearly model class correlations of images using decomposed low-rank parts. In addition, for each image, the representations of different views are correlated, and we use linear transformation to model view correlations. We jointly optimise for the class and image-specific components along with the class correlation and view correlation transformation matrixes. A testing image is assigned to the class that has the minimum summed reconstruction error. We conduct fine-grained image classification experiments on several public fine-grained image datasets. Experimental results and analysis show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

SIX-CHAMBERED VOLUTION OF THE MAASTRICHTIAN PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERAL PLUMMERITA SPECIES IN THE TETHYS

Brönnimann (1952), from Trinidad, was distinguished the last six-chambered volition of the genus Rugoglobigerina (R. reicheli, R. pustulata, R. hexacamerata) as a separate group from another last five-chambered volition with spine-like prolongation of ultimate and penultimate chambers Plummerita hantkeninoides group (P. hantkeninoides, P. costata, P. inflata). Later on, the Rugoglobigerina reicheli specimen belongs to the genus Plummerita due to its spine-like prolongation of ultimate and penultimate chambers, while the other two species R. hexacamerata and R. pustulata don’t have these distinguished characters of the genus Plummerita. In this study, added to P. reicheli of Brönnimann, three new species of the planktic foraminiferal assemblage of six-chamber volution of the Plummerita reicheli group are presented: Plummerita reicheli (Trinidad), P. caribbeanica (Porto Rico). P. spainica (Spain) and P. tunisica (Tunisia).

『실낙원』의 사탄과 『금강』의 신하늬

Creating an epic was the dream of Korean poets in their first developing period of 1920-1940. When they first encountered the western epical poem they were much shocked, and admired its beautiful, musical effects and the interesting story of its heroes and their actions. As such, Korean poets began to imitate the western epic, and the first trial was Night on the Border Land by Kim Tong-Hwan. However, it was not successful, because its hero was so private as an epic, even though it told the tragedy of poor people wandering on the northern border. Other Korean trials were also not so good until 1960s when the first successful epic, Keumkang, was published by Shin Dong-Yup. Keumkang is an epic about the Donghak Rebellion, an uprising by farmers who were defeated by strong foreign troops, and its hero is much more characteristic compared to those of other Korean epics. This study tries to compare the heroes of Keumkang and Paradise Lost, which is also a story of revolt in heaven, and the hero of which, Satan, is a distinguished character in the long history of British literature. Shin Hanee of Keumkang is not so heroic character as Satan at first but he became stronger and heroic as the poem progresses. At last he becomes a great symbol of Korean farmer rebellion. We can compare the two heroes of Paradise Lost and Keumkang and think about the British great epic tradition and how it has inspired Korean poets in turn.

PERANCANGAN TEKSTIL MARBLING PADA MATERIAL DENIM UNTUK PRODUK SEPATU BOOTS WANITA

ABSTRACTThe project background of this design final project is that the marbling technique has been widely known in the 15th century. This technique was initially applied to paper and now began to be applied to textile media. The marbling technique which has quite good potential in providing a variety of decorations to textiles has attracted the attention of the author to make technical innovations in exploring and innovating marbling techniques on denim material for women's boots.The purpose of designing this project is to produce marbling products on textile media with tapak dara flower visuals that can add variety to clothing complementary products that have distinctive and different characters with consideration of the function for textile motifs on women's boots.The method used in this design project is the design method. This method consists of 3 stages, namely the design method, design concept and visualization. The results of this design resulted in 8 motif designs, all of the motif designs processed the visual of the tapak dara flower as the main motif with the concept of coloring the forecasting trend 2019-2020: Cortex which produces bright colors.

Morphological Characterization and Recognition of New Traits of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill

Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) characterization of ninety recently evolved soybean genotypes including three national checks were carried out at JNKVV, Jabalpur, during Kharif 2021. Sixteen DUS traits were evaluated as described by National DUS test guidelines. Observations were made on Hypocotyl Pigmentation, Growth type, Growth habitat, Leaf shape, Leaf size, Leaf colour, Flower colour, Flower colour, Pod hairiness, Pod pub colour, Pod intensity of brown colour, Seed size, Seed shape, Seed coat colour, Hilum colour, Seed coat Lustre and Colour of funicle at various phases. It revealed that there was a lot of variation in the soybean genotypes for DUS characters. Frequency distribution of data exhibited that presence of Hypocotyl: anthocyanin pigmentation (65.55 %), Semi-Determinate Growth type (75.55 %), Semi-erect Growth habitat (90.0 %), Pointed Ovate Leaf shape (83.33 %), Pod hairiness pubescent (84.44%), Seed size medium (64.44%), Seed coat colour yellow (84.44%), Seed coat Lustre intermediate (77.77%) and Colour of funicle brown (100%) were dominating traits in present set of genotypes. This soybean germplasm has a wide range of features and morphological variation, which may assist a breeder in further improvement of soybean. This will be extremely helpful in identifying, conserving and developing ideal plant type on the basis of distinguishing morphological characters.

Macrolepiota capelariae (Agaricaceae, Basidiomycota): a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest with extended records to Argentina and Mexico

A new Macrolepiota species from Brazil, M. capelariae, is proposed here based on morphological and molecular evidence. The description and illustrations are based on specimens collected in a remnant of the Atlantic Rainforest in São Paulo, Southeast Brazil. Analyses of nrITS sequences supported the recognition of this new species, in combination with morphological evidence, and revealed its phylogenetic placement in Macrolepiota sect. Macrolepiota. Macrolepiota capelariae is characterized by its medium to large and very tall basidiomata, light brown to pale greyish brown, brownish orange or clay brown pileus surface, ellipsoid to oblong, dextrinoid basidiospores with a distinct germ pore, narrowly clavate to sometimes clavate cheilocystidia, a trichodermal pileus covering composed of mostly clavate to narrowly clavate, thick-walled terminal elements, and absence of clamp connections. Nomenclatural types are deposited at the herbarium SP from the ‘Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais’, São Paulo, Brazil. A comparison with allied species is provided. An earlier varietal name proposed based on a Brazilian material, viz. Lepiota procera var. vulpina Rick, could corresponds to a synonym of the new taxa, but the lack of nomenclatural type, extant original herbarium specimens, and the record of confident distinctive characters for this variety prevent a reliable correlation with the new species proposed.

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The family Chalcididae (Order: Hymenoptera) is known as one of the large chalcidoid wasps with some distinct morphological characters. The first occurrence of two parasitoid species belonging to this family was reported in the Al-Husayniya district Karbala Province, Iraq; which are: Brachymeria podagrica (Fabricius, 1787) and Chalcis myrifex (Sulzer, 1776). Both species were collected by using the sweeping net from orchards during July 2020.

Diversity and similarity of melon (Cucumis melo L.) groups and determination of distinguishing morphological characters

Abstract. Saputra HE, Syukur M, Suwarno WB, Sobir. 2022. Diversity and similarity of melon (Cucumis melo L.) groups and determination of distinguishing morphological characters. Biodiversitas 23: 6254-6261. Characterization is an important activity for the study of genotype diversity and similarity. The study was aiming at obtaining information about the diversity and similarity of melon groups and to determine morphological characters as differentiators between melon groups. The genotypes tested were IPB240, IPB283, IPBM21, IPBM23, IPBME5, IPBMETA9, UME20, UME38, UME39, UME90, UME91, UME98, UME99, UME100, UME101. Characterization was based on UPOV and IPGRI guidelines for qualitative and quantitative characters. Two qualitative characters showed no variation in all tested genotypes, namely sex expression (EK) and secondary skin color outside the groove (WKSDA). Qualitative characters that have high diversity were groove color (WA), maximum width between grooves (LMAA), groove color intensity (IWA), and flower stalk thickness (KTBN). The UME98 genotype had the most different color appearance from the other genotypes on the heatmap. The color and depth of fruit grooves are distinguishing characteristics of all genotypes. There were genotype differences in the inodorus and reticulatus types. Unlike the IPBMETA9 genotype, UME100, UME101, and UME38 formed the same clusters with the characteristics of the makuwa group. Melon group makuwa had different characteristics with the inodorus and reticulatus groups. The distinguishing characters for the makuwa type were groove depth, ratio length to diameter, the diameter of hermaphrodite flower stalks, fruit diameter, and fruit skin thickness. Melon groups in the inodorus and reticulatus groups had high similarities, making it difficult to find specific characters in all melon genotypes observed.

Base41: A proposal for printable encoding of bit strings

AbstractThis article presents the proposal of a novel encoding method for representing binary data in printable format. The encoding procedure reversibly transforms binary strings into printable letter sequences using a mapping from bit strings to an alphabet of 41 symbols taken from a subset of the English uppercase and lowercase letters. The decoding process reversibly recovers an original bit string from the encoded printable string. The encoding and decoding algorithms along with the properties of this coding are examined and discussed. In particular, the use of only URL‐safe and clearly visually distinguishable characters is emphasized.

Solving the mystery of the misunderstood Bensonella plicidens (Benson, 1849) (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Hypselostomatidae)

ABSTRACT The Asian land snail species Bensonella plicidens (Benson, 1849) is enigmatic due to its extremely disjunct distribution. That is, it has been reported from the Himalaya, in Eastern China and Japan, and one subspecies was described from Taiwan. This distribution type has not been reported in any other land snails. It is also notable that some specimens identified as B. plicidens have ‘normal’ plica-like apertural barriers, while others have hook-like projections in the middle of the interrupted barriers, and the hooks point to the outside of the aperture. We examined several Bensonella samples and arrived at the following conclusions: (1) Bensonella plicidens has normal plica-like apertural barriers without hooks, and the Himalayan species with hook-like barriers is a new species, Bensonella hooki Páll-Gergely sp. nov.; (2) the species with hooked barriers recorded from Japan, Taiwan and eastern China differs from both Himalayan species (i.e. Bensonella plicidens and B. hooki sp. nov.), and the name Bensonella lakainguta Hwang, 2014 is available for it; (3) hooked apertural barriers have evolved repeatedly in the Hypselostomatidae and therefore cannot be used as a distinguishing character for the genus Bensonella. Bifidaria (Bensonella) landourensis Pilsbry, 1915 and Boysidia (Bensonella) qingliangfengensis F. Fang, J. Wang and Y. Chen, 2015 are junior synonyms of B. plicidens and B. lakainguta, respectively. Since the type species of Paraboysidia Pilsbry, 1917 and Bensonella Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1900 are very similar in all important shell characters, we consider the former to be a junior synonym of the latter. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0E1DA12A-0ECA-4280-B9ED-C99A43B14686

Baldinia droopii sp. nov. (Suessiales, Dinophyceae), a new species from a small rainwater rock pool near Tvärminne, south-western Finland

ABSTRACT A dinoflagellate isolated from a small rainwater rockpool in Finland was found to be a new species of Baldinia, here described as B. droopii sp. nov. This is only the third formally described Baldinia species and the second described by modern methods. The new species had a complement of generic characters that clearly affiliated it to Baldinia: presence of an internal honeycomb structure, termed a lamellar body, a ventral fibre associated with the longitudinal basal body and a pentagonal resting cyst; and the absence of an apical structure, thecal plates and trichocysts. The most distinctive species-specific characters were the presence of a resting cyst with tubiform processes, a paratabulation matching the pattern of the motile cell, and a life cycle exhibiting a diel rhythm, alternating between motile and non-motile coccoid cells. Motile cells occurred during the light period, peaking after 3–4 h of light period, while practically no motile cells occurred during the dark period. LSU rDNA sequences confirmed B. droopii as a new species, showing c. 14% sequence difference compared to B. anauniensis. Asexual reproduction occurred primarily by binary fission or via a so-called division cyst. Sexual reproduction occurred in the culture indicating that D. droopii is homothallic. The zygote may form a resistant cyst with tubiform processes, but there were indications that this stage may be by-passed. Different stages of the asexual and putative sexual reproduction were observed and documented by video recordings.

Globisporangium coniferarum sp. nov., associated with conifers and Quercus spp.

During a survey of gardens in Shiraz County, Iran, aimed at identifying oomycetes associated with roots of ornamental trees, a species of Globisporangium with distinctive morphological characters separating it from other known species in this genus was recovered from conifers and occasionally from a Quercus sp. Five isolates of this species were characterised. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear (ITS and βtub) and mitochondrial (cox1 and cox2) loci using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses as well as their distinct morphological and cultural characteristics (e.g., abundant production of chlamydospores; globose, ellipsoid to ovoid sporangia; amorphous oogonia with a smooth wall; paragynous to rarely hypogynous antheridia and 1-5 antheridia per oogonium; mostly plerotic oospores) revealed that these isolates belong to a new Globisporangium species grouping in the phylogenetic clade G of Pythium sensu lato. This paper formally describes Globisporangium coniferarum sp. nov. as a new species and compares it with other phylogenetically related and already known Globisporangium species, including G. nagaii, G. violae, G. paddicum, G. okanoganense, G. iwayamae and G. canariense. Citation: Salmaninezhad F, Aloi F, Pane A, Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa R, Cacciola SO (2022). Globisporangium coniferarum sp. nov., associated with conifers and Quercus spp. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 10: 127-137. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2022.10.05.