Distinct Streams Research Articles

One name for two concepts: A systematic literature review about meta‐organizations

AbstractExisting literature on meta‐organization is divided into two distinct streams in organizational and management studies, with different definitions and boundaries, potentially leading to inconsistencies and theoretical misalignment. Can we disambiguate the conceptualizations of meta‐organizations, and what insights can be gleaned from this clarification? Using a systematic review of the meta‐organization literature, we propose a novel classification, distinguishing between meta‐organizations as ‘meta‐level actors’, rooted in the organizational perspective, and meta‐organizations as ‘orchestrated systems’, grounded in the management perspective. While synthesizing current knowledge about meta‐organizations, we highlight the commonalities, divergences and specificities of both perspectives. We contribute to the literature on meta‐organizations by bringing greater clarity to the field, by disambiguating the uses of meta‐organization, by outlining a state of the art for both new categories and by providing a detailed research agenda. We also provide fundamental insights about two distinct ways of meta‐organizing, that is creating order among and beyond single organizations through collectively decided social orders and orchestrated social orders.

Contrasting impact of single-year and multi-year El Niño on the Pacific–North American teleconnection pattern

Abstract Distinct Pacific-North American (PNA) teleconnection patterns and their associated climate impacts in North America have been observed during single-year El Niño events, as well as during both the first and second years of multi-year El Niño events. The research highlights the critical role of PNA-related North Pacific circulation anomalies, which shift northwestward during multi-year events and reach their peak intensity in the second year. Multiple dynamical diagnostic methods are employed to elucidate the reasons behind the diverse subtropical circulation responses. Differences in the anomalous tropical heat sources influence the formation of Rossby wave sources through adjustments in divergent wind anomalies, subsequently modulating the position and intensity of the PNA patterns. Additionally, variations in the meridional range of sea surface temperature anomalies affect the edge of tropospheric temperature through moist-adiabatic adjustment, leading to distinct subtropical jet stream responses. This, in turn, modifies the position of North Pacific circulation anomalies through the advection of anomalous kinetic energy. Furthermore, synoptic-scale transient eddies act as a feedback mechanism, helping to maintain and intensify these diverse atmospheric anomalies.

Carryover analysis by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in a multiproduct resin reuse context

The reuse of the same chromatography resin to purify multiple products is of high economic and ecologic interest in the pharmaceutical industry. An effective cleaning program to ensure no product carryover from one product to the subsequent is key to enable a multi-product use strategy. The methods utilised to assess product carryover during resin lifetime studies for a given product are not specific enough to detect carryover to support multi-product use. Here the proposed use of liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the analytical method of choice due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. A proof-of-concept study using protein A resin and two distinct IgG product streams produced by CHO cell lines was conducted. The experimental design was developed to determine any carryover from previous products after a multiple product Protein A resin reuse process, using LC-MS and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The capability of LC-MS coupled with bioinformatic analysis to detect carryover where CE with UV detection was not able to detect any carryover was demonstrated. The findings from this approach suggest that the acceptance of chromatographic resin reuse for multiple products will be dependent on the development of analytical/bioinformatics tools such as those proposed in this work.

Perceptual tri-stability, measured and fitted as emergent from a model for bistable alternations

The human auditory system in attempting to decipher ambiguous sounds appears to resort to perceptual exploration as evidenced by multi-stable perceptual alternations. This phenomenon has been widely investigated via the auditory streaming paradigm, employing ABA_ triplet sequences with much research focused on perceptual bi-stability with the alternate percepts as either a single integrated stream or as two simultaneous distinct streams. We extend this inquiry with experiments and modeling to include tri-stable perception. Here, the segregated percepts may involve a foreground/background distinction. We collected empirical data from participants engaged in a tri-stable auditory task, utilizing this dataset to refine a neural mechanistic model that had successfully reproduced multiple features of auditory bi-stability. Remarkably, the model successfully emulated basic statistical characteristics of tri-stability without substantial modification. This model also allows us to demonstrate a parsimonious approach to account for individual variability by adjusting the parameter of either the noise level or the neural adaptation strength.

Model-Assisted Optimization of Xylose, Arabinose, Glucose, Mannose, Galactose and Real Hemicellulose Streams Dehydration To (Hydroxymethyl)Furfural and Levulinic Acid.

Conversion of hemicellulose streams and the constituent monosaccharides, xylose, arabinose, glucose, mannose, and galactose, was conducted to produce value-added chemicals, including furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid and anhydrosugars. The study aimed at developing a kinetic model relevant for direct post-Organosolv hemicellulose conversion. Monosaccharides served as a tool to in detail describe the kinetic behavior and segregate contribution of hydrothermal decomposition and acid catalyzed dehydration at the temperature range of 120-190 °C. Catalyst free aqueous media demonstrated enhanced formation of furanics, while elevated temperatures led to significant saccharide isomerization. The introduction of sulfuric and formic acids maximized furfural yield and significantly reduced HMF concentration by facilitating its rehydration into levulinic acid (46 mol%). Formic acid additionally substantially enhanced formation of anhydrosaccharides. An excellent correlation between modeled and experimental data enabled process optimization to maximize furanic yield in two distinct hemicellulose streams. Sulfuric acid-containing hemicellulose stream achieved the highest furfural yield after 30 minutes at 238 °C, primarily due to the high Ea for pentose dehydration (150-160 kJ mol-1). Contrarily, formic acid-containing hemicellulose stream enabled maximal furfural yield at more moderate temperature and extended reaction time due to its lower Ea for the same reaction step (115-125 kJ mol-1).

Effects of slit geometric parameters on spray characteristics of double-slit pintle injectors

Pintle injectors have garnered significant research attention in recent years, particularly for their applicability in reusable launch vehicles, owing to their wide thrust control range and excellent combustion stability. While research has explored the characteristics of pintle injectors in the context of developing these components for actual engine applications, studies focusing on the effects of design parameters on injector performance have been limited. This study investigated the effects of slit geometric parameters, specifically the blockage factor (BF) and slit area ratio (γ), on the spray characteristics of double-slit pintle injectors. Cold-flow tests were conducted using planar pintle injectors with water and ethanol as simulants. The spray angle and Sauter mean diameter (SMD) were measured using the shadowgraph technique, and the distribution of mass flow rate and mixture ratio was analyzed using a mechanical patternator. The experimental results revealed that two distinct streams were injected at different angles from each row of slits, resulting in a division of spray shape, SMD, and mass flow distribution into three regions based on the two streams. These spray angles, termed primary and secondary spray angles, were quantified as functions of the local momentum ratio, determined by BF and γ. To correlate the spray characteristics with combustion performance, mixing quality and a representative droplet size metric, the integral Sauter mean diameter (ID32), were presented. The study found that higher values of BF and γ corresponded to improved mixing quality.

Comparing “Wandering through a Garden, Waking from a Dream” and “Ulysses” in Consciousness Stream Techniques

. “Ulysses” is one of the representative works of Irish writer James Joyce, and also a masterpiece of the writing technique known as “stream of consciousness,” which has had a significant impact on the world literary arena. “Wandering through a Garden, Waking from a Dream” is a novella created by Taiwanese writer Bai Xianyong which delicately exhibits the entire emotional flow and inner conflicts of the protagonist, Lady Qian, during her attendance at the banquet hosted by Lady Dou through the use of stream of consciousness technique. This paper compares these two classic works from the perspective of stream of consciousness, and analyzes the inspiration and creation of Bai Xianyong’s “Wandering through a Garden, Waking from a Dream” from “Ulysses”. The paper seeks to more profoundly unearth the profound literary value and social significance beneath the unique narrative style of “stream of consciousness” in the former. Based on his proficient mastery of Western stream of consciousness technique, Bai Xianyong fully exerts the creativity of an outstanding writer, forming a distinctive and unique Eastern stream of consciousness writing style rich in Chinese charm.

Exploring perceptual grouping by proximity principle in multistable dot lattices: Dissociation between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action.

Perceptual grouping, a fundamental mechanism in our visual system, significantly influences our interpretation of and interaction with the surrounding world. This study explores the impact of the proximity principle from the perspective of the Two Visual Systems (TVS) model. The TVS model argues that the visual system comprises two distinct streams: the ventral stream, which forms the neural basis for "vision-for-perception," and the dorsal stream, which underlies "vision-for-action." We designed a perceptual grouping task using dot lattices as well as a line-orientation discrimination task. Data were collected using vocal and mouse methods for the vision-for-perception mode, and joystick and pen-paper methods for the vision-for-action mode. Each method, except for vocal, included separate blocks for right and left hands. The proximity data were fitted using exponential and power models. Linear mixed-effects models were used for the statistical analyses. The results revealed similar line-orientation discrimination accuracy across all conditions. The exponential model emerged as the best fit, demonstrating adherence to the Pure Distance Law in both perceptual modes. Sensitivity to the proximity principle was higher in the vision-for-action mode compared to the vision-for-perception. In terms of orientation biases, a strong preference for vertical orientation was observed in the vision-for-perception mode, whereas a noticeable preference toward either of the oblique orientations was detected in the vision-for-action mode. Analysis of free-drawn lines demonstrated an affordance bias in the vision-for-action mode. This suggests a remarkable tendency to perceive organizations within specific orientations that offer more affordances due to the interaction between the body postures and tools.

Bibliometric Insights into Circular Economy Strategy: Mapping Key Research Streams

Abstract The circular economy is a modern and captivating subject, even though different areas remain inadequately explored. Creating a circular economy strategy involves transforming the traditional linear model of production and consumption into a system that is more sustainable and regenerative. In order to create a circular economy plan, a comprehensive approach is needed in order to identify connections with relevant areas of interest. This study analyzes in depth existing research on circular economy strategies, offering a detailed perspective on the relationship between various elements. The methodology consists of a bibliometric analysis of Web of Science data from 2016 to 2023. The paper is structured around three main objectives. The main objective is to determine the most widely read articles, significant publications and understand how did the topic evolve. Secondly, a examination of keywords was performed on the top 100 most referenced publications in order to ascertain the main subjects associated with circular economy initiatives. Thirdly, in order to identify the most discussed points when addressing strategies in the circular economy, a key words analysis and a qualitive analysis was conducted on the same most often cited papers. The primary conclusion is that circular economy solutions are a significant and interesting topic, prompting extensive scholarly investigation. Within research, distinct streams are identified: Circular Business model, Framework and Methodology, Key elements and Capabilities, Assessment and Indicator, Barriers and Enablers, Network and Collaboration, Technology and Innovation, Costumer behavior and perspective, and Industry specific.

The transnationalist nationalists: the joint curriculum of anti-immigration actors in Norway

ABSTRACT This article delves into the transnational ideational influences that shape the discourse and actions of actors who mobilize against migration to Norway. While anti-immigrant sentiments often revolve around the preservation of the nation-state, their inspirations frequently transcend national borders. Through interviews with a diverse array of Norwegian actors who mobilize against migration, from left-wing to right-wing, parliamentary to extra-parliamentary, this study uncovers the multifaceted web of transnational influences. Two distinct streams emerge: one drawn from exemplary entities, such as policies and politicians in other countries, and the other from ‘enlightening’ sources, like alternative media and ‘intellectual entrepreneurs. These influences, while interconnected, cast different shades upon the anti-immigration worldview, some emanating from ‘alternative’ sources, while others from the mainstream. This research not only deepens our understanding of non-relational ideational diffusion but also illuminates the mainstreaming of nationalist ideologies. The article underscores the significance of critical events and organic intellectuals in shaping the cultural understanding of unconnected actors. By encompassing a broad spectrum of anti-immigration actors, this study uncovers common threads that unite seemingly disparate actors, offering insights into the shared dynamics of transnationalism.

Perceptually salient differences in a species recognition cue do not promote auditory streaming in eastern grey treefrogs (Hyla versicolor).

Auditory streaming underlies a receiver's ability to organize complex mixtures of auditory input into distinct perceptual "streams" that represent different sound sources in the environment. During auditory streaming, sounds produced by the same source are integrated through time into a single, coherent auditory stream that is perceptually segregated from other concurrent sounds. Based on human psychoacoustic studies, one hypothesis regarding auditory streaming is that any sufficiently salient perceptual difference may lead to stream segregation. Here, we used the eastern grey treefrog, Hyla versicolor, to test this hypothesis in the context of vocal communication in a non-human animal. In this system, females choose their mate based on perceiving species-specific features of a male's pulsatile advertisement calls in social environments (choruses) characterized by mixtures of overlapping vocalizations. We employed an experimental paradigm from human psychoacoustics to design interleaved pulsatile sequences (ABAB…) that mimicked key features of the species' advertisement call, and in which alternating pulses differed in pulse rise time, which is a robust species recognition cue in eastern grey treefrogs. Using phonotaxis assays, we found no evidence that perceptually salient differences in pulse rise time promoted the segregation of interleaved pulse sequences into distinct auditory streams. These results do not support the hypothesis that any perceptually salient acoustic difference can be exploited as a cue for stream segregation in all species. We discuss these findings in the context of cues used for species recognition and auditory streaming.

Investigation of conjugate heat and mass transfer in a sleeve-type hollow fiber membrane for liquid desiccant dehumidification

In adiabatic conditions, the dehumidification capacity of hollow fibre membranes decreases as solution temperature rises. To address this limitation, this study proposed a novel approach based on sleeve-type hollow fibre membranes. The study focused on three distinct fluid streams and the sleeve-type hollow fibre membrane tube. A three-dimensional model of the dehumidifier was created, and the dehumidifier's heat transfer, mass transfer, and fluid flow characteristics were thoroughly analyzed and experimentally validated. The results showed that the average values of the Sherwood number and Nusselt number on the air side are significantly influenced by the Reynolds number. On the solution side of the sleeve-type hollow membrane, the average Nusselt number and Sherwood number are approximately 4.0 and 4.6, respectively. According to the research, 76 % of the resistance is accounted for by the mass transfer resistance on the membrane side. The study's conclusions provide insightful information for improving the design of sleeve-type hollow fibre membrane dehumidifiers.

Embracing Duality: Exploring the Synergy of Traditional and Religious HRM Practices to Enhance Volunteer Retention in Faith-Based Organizations

ABSTRACT Volunteer retention is critical for the sustainable functioning of faith-based organizations (FBOs). This qualitative study examines the interplay of two distinct streams of Human Resource Management (HRM) within FBOs: traditional HRM practices and religious HRM practices. Drawing on data from 33 interviews conducted across four Indonesian FBOs, we explore how the integration of these practices influences volunteer retention. Our findings reveal that FBOs employ traditional HRM practices, including recruitment, task design, training, supervision, rewards systems, and managing diversity, to retain volunteers. Additionally, strategically designed religious HRM practices, encompassing spiritual individual development, spiritual leadership, shaping organizational religious culture, and managing volunteers’ relations, augment volunteer commitment. This research contributes novel insights into the nexus between secular and spiritual dimensions in volunteer retention, offering a holistic framework for FBOs to optimize volunteer management strategies and sustain their impactful missions.

Initial development of perceptions of ability and intent factors of (un)trustworthiness in short‐term teams

SummaryIndividual perceptions of team trustworthiness are critical antecedents to the development of relationships within teams. Yet, clarity is needed regarding the focus of these individual perceptions and how they change, particularly at the outset of team interactions. Two distinct research streams have emerged regarding trustworthiness. One proposes a difference between perceived ability and intent, whereas the other proposes a difference between confident positive and negative expectations of others. Regardless of their structure, theory suggests that perceptions of team trustworthiness ought to develop across performance episodes as individuals identify more with their team and have more information about how they are performing. We explore these relationships across three distinct performance episodes in newly formed short‐term teams. Our results support a four‐factor model of trustworthiness within the context of short‐term, lab‐based teams. Further, perceptions regarding teammates' abilities tended to change quickly and curvilinearly while those regarding teammates' intents changed linearly. Positive team performance signals bolstered individual perceptions of team trustworthiness in ability and intent but not perceived team untrustworthiness. Negative team performance signals bolstered individual perceptions of team untrustworthiness in ability and intent while harming both types of individual perceptions of team trustworthiness. This study supports propositions from the model of trust over time and lays the groundwork for a comprehensive approach toward trust research within teams.

A conceptual model of artificial intelligence effects on circular economy actions

AbstractThe circular economy (CE) presents a contemporary approach to integrating economic activity and environmental well‐being sustainably, opposing the linear open‐ended system. However, implementing this paradigm poses challenges, needing a fundamental shift in companies' strategies and business models. Emerging technology can support companies in transition toward CE and in particular artificial intelligence (AI) can play a crucial role in facilitating this transition by supporting companies not only in specific CE activities but also in strategically redefining their entire business models. Recognizing the increasing importance of both AI and CE in management literature, our paper seeks to integrate these two distinct streams of literature. Starting from existing studies, it tries to provide a framework able to understand the role of AI technology into enhancing CE. Through a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis protocol, using keywords research on three databases, we identified 63 articles that concurrently address both CE and AI topics. Subsequent co‐occurrence and content analyses revealed how AI is utilized to bolster CE efforts leveraging the ReSOLVE framework (from the acronymous of Regenerate, Share, Optimise, Loop, Virtualise, and Exchange)—an operational tool for CE. The last step consists into the development of a conceptual framework outlining four stages of AI's engagement with the CE: namely System optimization, System redesign, Business Model redesign, and Ecosystem innovation. From our study emerges that while AI is already recognized for enhancing specific activities within CE, its potential as a strategic planning tool for business model redesign and ecosystem innovation remains largely unexplored.

Portraying Political Ideas of National Revolutionaries: A Case Study of Pandurang Mahadev Bapat

The term ‘revolutionary’ has a unique connotation in India’s struggle for national liberation. It refers to those freedom fighters who scrupulously believed in the efficacy of armed resistance to overthrow British rule in India and justified employing extremist techniques to achieve the objective. Consequently, national revolutionism creates a distinct stream of thinking in the Indian national movement from both the moderate and extremist currents in the movement. While there is no end to the literature on both moderate and extremist thinking in British India, the political philosophy of the revolutionaries has not been satisfactorily addressed by academia in a meaningful manner. While there are a few notable exceptions, social scientists in India have generally ignored the revolutionary political ideas because of the foundation of British authority over Indian land; the nation’s political development began to follow a pattern identical to the Western development model. Following that, some extensive Western influences were seen in education, economy, government organisation and administration, significantly impacting the intellectual development of the time. Moreover, the ideas of revolutionaries were, for the most part, immediate intellectual responses to the political challenges and crises that existed at the time of their birth. However, some of these topics were significant, such as formulating a critique of British imperialism, defining the national identity, reorganising Indian society and developing plans for national liberation. As a result, it will be necessary to examine and evaluate the political views of these revolutionaries in the context of the concerns and problems with which they were confronted at the time. This research explores and explains Bapat’s political thought and situates him in Maharashtra’s revolutionary and Hindu political traditions. Lastly, in the first instance, this research proposes a brief look at the development of Bapat’s political career, which played a vital role in shaping his political ideas. Then, it explores the significant politics of colonial and post-colonial times.

Negative aggregate accounting earnings and gross domestic product: A perspective of conditional accounting conservatism at the macroeconomic level

This study explores the role of corporate accounting earnings in predicting GDP growth at a macroeconomic level. It investigates whether negative aggregate accounting earnings are more effective predictors of GDP growth than positive earnings and how macroeconomic uncertainty affects this predictive ability. The two main novelties introduced in this study are the integration of two distinct streams of research, namely, the usefulness of accounting earnings and conditional accounting conservatism at the macroeconomic level and the consideration of the moderating role of macroeconomic uncertainty. Data from 22 countries from 2008 to 2022 are analyzed using moderated regression analysis. The findings support the theory that negative earnings are better predictors of GDP than positive earnings, aligning with the conditional accounting conservatism perspective. Furthermore, this study also reveals that macroeconomic uncertainty specifically weakens the predictive strength of negative aggregate accounting earnings and aggregate operating income on GDP growth. This comprehensive insight underscores the critical importance of considering economic conditions when employing accounting earnings to forecast economic trends, emphasizing that negative earnings are particularly significant indicators during uncertain economic times.

Analysis of quinoa roller millstreams: Physical, chemical, and functional properties

The objective of present study is to assess the performance of roller milling on quinoa grains, aiming to produce distinct mill stream fractions from perisperm and evaluate its composition and functionalities. During the roller milling process, quinoa yielded three break and three reduction flour streams, as well as coarse bran, fine bran, and germ. Among flour streams, C1 accounted for 49.61% while C2 represented 23.62% of total straight run flour (SRF). Notably, quinoa flour streams exhibited brighter colour and finer granulation similar to wheat flour. Content of ash, protein, and fat increased with successive break flour streams (B1 to B3), displaying a similar trend for reduction flour streams (C1 to C3). Starch damage was higher for last reduction flour streams. Roller milling of quinoa resulted in distinct flour streams from the perisperm, showing physical properties similar to wheat flour. These mill streams varied in yield, nutritional properties, and flour functionalities.

Dividing‐wall column for separating wide boiling mixture: Optimal design and servo control strategy

AbstractThe dividing‐wall column (DWC) stands as an energy‐efficient distillation technology designed to efficiently separate ternary systems into their pure components within a single column. Despite its efficiency, integrating two towers into a DWC poses challenges in controllability. Published studies have focused on developing controllers for disturbance rejection but have not addressed the issue of servo control. Addressing this, our study proposes a servo controller problem and a methodical approach to strategically select controlled variables that undergo consecutive set point step changes, aiming to track the purity of key products obtained from the DWC. To achieve this goal, we developed a dynamic model specifically tailored to the DWC. Determining the design parameters involved employing a genetic algorithm optimization technique, minimizing the total annual cost. Subsequently, we implemented three servo parallel proportional‐integral (PI) feedback controllers for three distinct product streams. The fine‐tuning of their controller gain and reset time is carried out by minimizing the integrated square error while adhering to valve opening constraints. Our investigation revealed a limitation: the introduction of simultaneous step changes in all three controlled variables proved unfeasible with the three active PI controllers. As an alternative, our findings recommend prioritizing two variables: the lightest (distillate) and heaviest (bottom) key components, alongside the middle component (side stream) and either the lightest or heaviest key component. This research underscores the complexities of implementing step changes in multiple controlled variables within a DWC, offering insights into optimal control strategies for enhancing the efficiency of this innovative distillation technology.

Detection of Forged Images Using a Combination of Passive Methods Based on Neural Networks

In the current era of social media, the proliferation of images sourced from unreliable origins underscores the pressing need for robust methods to detect forged content, particularly amidst the rapid evolution of image manipulation technologies. Existing literature delineates two primary approaches to image manipulation detection: active and passive. Active techniques intervene preemptively, embedding structures into images to facilitate subsequent authenticity verification, whereas passive methods analyze image content for traces of manipulation. This study presents a novel solution to image manipulation detection by leveraging a multi-stream neural network architecture. Our approach harnesses three convolutional neural networks (CNNs) operating on distinct data streams extracted from the original image. We have developed a solution based on two passive detection methodologies. The system utilizes two separate streams to extract specific data subsets, while a third stream processes the unaltered image. Each net independently processes its respective data stream, capturing diverse facets of the image. The outputs from these nets are then fused through concatenation to ascertain whether the image has undergone manipulation, yielding a comprehensive detection framework surpassing the efficacy of its constituent methods. Our work introduces a unique dataset derived from the fusion of four publicly available datasets, featuring organically manipulated images that closely resemble real-world scenarios. This dataset offers a more authentic representation than other state-of-the-art methods that use algorithmically generated datasets based on image patches. By encompassing genuine manipulation scenarios, our dataset enhances the model’s ability to generalize across varied manipulation techniques, thereby improving its performance in real-world settings. After training, the merged approach obtained an accuracy of 89.59% in the set of validation images, significantly higher than the model trained with only unaltered images, which obtained 78.64%, and the two other models trained using images with a feature selection method applied to enhance inconsistencies that obtained 68.02% for Error-Level Analysis images and 50.70% for the method using Discrete Wavelet Transform. Moreover, our proposed approach exhibits reduced accuracy variance compared to alternative models, underscoring its stability and robustness across diverse datasets. The approach outlined in this work needs to provide information about the specific location or type of tempering, which limits its practical applications.