Distinct Strategies Research Articles

Application of different counseling strategies for better adult asthma control

Objective We aimed to compare the effectiveness of three distinct counseling methods to determine the most effective approach. Methods In this prospective cohort study with a two-month follow-up, A group of non-smoking adults, aged 19-60 years, were randomly collected at outpatients clinic with prior asthma diagnosis, based on the forced expiratory volume in one seconds to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC) and the guidelines outlined by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), At the baseline assessment, all patients, underwent FEV1/FVC measurements, asthma symptom evaluations using Asthma Control Test (ACT), Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), and GINA symptoms control assessment questionnaire, and assessment of pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) usage. The patients were divided into three groups, each assigned a distinct counseling strategy: traditional verbal counseling, advanced counseling utilizing the Asthma smartphone-application, and a combination of advanced-verbal counseling. We conducted a two-month monitoring period for all three groups. Results Significant differences (p < .001) were observed among the three counseling groups in ACT, FEV1/FVC ratio, and GINA symptoms control assessment scores from the first month to the second month visit. Regarding ACQ, the study unveiled a noteworthy disparity in ACQ scores during the second week, with a significant difference (p = .025) observed between the verbal and advanced-verbal counseling groups. Similarly, a significant difference (p = .016) was noted between the advanced counseling group and the advanced-verbal counseling groups. Conclusion The study findings indicate that the combining advanced-verbal counseling by incorporating the Asthma smartphone-application alongside traditional verbal counseling is a more effective approach for improving asthma control in adults.

Comparative Analysis of International Health Policies: A Comparison of COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 Health Policies

This research paper discusses the dynamics of COVID-19 health policies, focusing on the strategies of China and Germany in managing the pandemic, and exploring the opportunities and challenges in enhancing healthcare policies in the post-COVID era. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the strengths and vulnerabilities of healthcare systems globally, underscoring the need for adaptable health policies. China and Germany employed distinct strategies in responding to the pandemic. The paper compares these strategies and their outcomes. The comparative assessment highlights the importance of early and sustained interventions, as China's aggressive suppression approach yielded better results than Germany's mitigation strategy. The lessons learned from China and Germany's pandemic responses provide valuable insights into the importance of preparedness and adaptability in healthcare policies. These lessons should guide future policies and actions to build a better global healthcare system.

Structural and Material-Based Approaches for the Fabrication of Stretchable Light-Emitting Diodes.

Stretchable displays, capable of freely transforming their shapes, have received significant attention as alternatives to conventional rigid displays, and they are anticipated to provide new opportunities in various human-friendly electronics applications. As a core component of stretchable displays, high-performance stretchable light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have recently emerged. The approaches to fabricate stretchable LEDs are broadly categorized into two groups, namely "structural" and "material-based" approaches, based on the mechanisms to tolerate strain. While structural approaches rely on specially designed geometries to dissipate applied strain, material-based approaches mainly focus on replacing conventional rigid components of LEDs to soft and stretchable materials. Here, we review the latest studies on the fabrication of stretchable LEDs, which is accomplished through these distinctive strategies. First, we introduce representative device designs for efficient strain distribution, encompassing island-bridge structures, wavy buckling, and kirigami-/origami-based structures. For the material-based approaches, we discuss the latest studies for intrinsically stretchable (is-) electronic/optoelectronic materials, including the formation of conductive nanocomposite and polymeric blending with various additives. The review also provides examples of is-LEDs, focusing on their luminous performance and stretchability. We conclude this review with a brief outlook on future technologies.

PHEE: Identifying influential nodes in social networks with a phased evaluation-enhanced search

How to identify a small fraction of users with the best capacity to influence other users is central to the research of social network analysis. This problem is termed influence maximization (IM) and is known for its extensive applications. IM can be formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem, which has been shown to be NP-hard under some diffusion models. Therefore, seeking for high-accuracy IM algorithms with acceptable running time has attracted much attention in literature. However, most of existing IM algorithms only adopt a uniform mechanism in the whole solution search process, which lacks of flexible response when the algorithms trap in local optimum. This paper proposes a phased evaluation-enhanced (PHEE) approach for IM, which utilizes two distinct strategies to search the optimal solutions: The first one is a random range division-based evolutionary algorithm for improving solution quality; the second is a fast convergence strategy for searching an optimal solution. Two PHEE-based algorithms, MDD-PHEE and GCI-PHEE, are generated and are evaluated on 10 real-world social networks of different sizes and types. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of PHEE; in particular, MDD-PHEE obtains the best influence spread on all networks compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms, and has a better performance than the time-consuming algorithm CELF on four datasets.

‘Listen Very Carefully, We Will Say This Only Once (Again)’ Dead Ends to Politicisation in Social Work

Abstract This article explores the significance of politicisation in social work and its role in challenging power dynamics and promoting transformative change. It is viewed as a means to challenge established power structures, raise awareness of issues and engage in political action. Three pitfalls are identified in the way politicisation is conceptualised and used. First, there is a tendency to define politicisation too broadly. The authors assert that politicisation should involve challenging the existing system rather than merely making modifications. Secondly, the belief in consensus thinking about democracy is criticised, as it overlooks power imbalances inherent in politics. The authors advocate for an agonistic politics approach, where ideological opponents engage in a struggle over competing values and interests within a shared democratic space. Lastly, the adoption of subpolitics as a politicising strategy, which focuses on individual actions, is deemed inadequate as it often fails to address structural inequalities. Instead, the authors propose prefigurative politics, which involves creating concrete collective interventions that anticipate and embody a different society in the present. In conclusion, this article underscores the importance of understanding its distinct meaning and strategies. The authors suggest agonistic and prefigurative politics as a promising framework for politicising practices in social work.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Pharmaceutical Sector: A Comprehensive Analysis of its Application from the Discovery Phase to Industrial Implementation

The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) technology into the pharmaceutical sector is a groundbreaking revolution, promising to enhance drug development significantly by boosting speed, efficiency, and effectiveness. This transformative journey encompasses several key facets, notably the sophisticated analysis of complex data, the optimization of drug delivery systems, the acceleration of drug discovery, the identification of valuable biomarkers and drug candidates, and the fine-tuning of treatment outcomes. Beyond these crucial strides, AI is reshaping healthcare at large, elevating decision-making processes, and deepening our understanding of diseases and pharmaceuticals. The broader domains within this AI-driven transformation encompass themes such as “Revolutionizing Pharmaceutical Product Development Through AI,” where AI platforms like the Chemputer successfully synthesize compounds and estimate granulation completion times, improving production efficiency. In “Transforming Pharmaceutical Manufacturing with AI, “AI optimizes manufacturing processes, further enhancing efficiency.” Enhancing Clinical Trial Design Through AI” harnesses AI to improve patient selection and adherence, utilizing genome and exposome profiles for precise and efficient clinical trials. AI also proves valuable in preclinical phases, predicting lead compounds. Moreover, AI extends its influence to brand recognition and market positioning of pharmaceutical products, leveraging technology and e-commerce platforms for distinct product identities and effective marketing strategies. In “Convergence of AI and Nanomedicine,” AI delves into complex formulation development, optimizing drug delivery methods via molecular analysis and simulation tools. Furthermore, AI’s role in addressing challenges in the pharmaceutical market, such as reducing financial burdens and risks related to virtual screening, is pivotal. The sector’s substantial growth and its integration into pharmaceutical companies’ strategies through collaborations signify a promising future for AI in healthcare.In summary, the incorporation of AI in the pharmaceutical industry holds immense potential for enhancing production processes, clinical trial design, market positioning, nanomedicine, and overall industry efficiency. These collective advancements mark a transformative era in pharmaceutical innovation and patient care.

Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım-Gelir Eşitsizliği Bağlamı ve Özümseme Kapasitesinin Rolü: Bir Sonlu Karışım Model Yaklaşımı

The income inequality-FDI nexus is ambiguous on theoretical grounds, as several opposing mechanisms relating FDI to inequality are put forward in the theoretical literature. Empirical studies also produce mixed results. It might suggest a heterogeneous response of income inequality to FDI inflows conditional on distinct characteristics in recipient countries. Although unobserved country-specific characteristics are considered by fixed or random effects modeling in panel regression applications, some studies incorporate observable country-specific factors such as absorptive capacity as a conditioning factor to explain the reasons for conflicting findings. Therefore, the existing studies employ threshold panel regression models that split the sample based on the outcome (supervised learning). Differently from the previous ones, this study takes a distinct empirical strategy by adopting a finite mixture model (FMM) as an unsupervised model-based clustering technique to scrutinize distributional heterogeneity in the linkage between FDI and income inequality. The study then questions the role of absorptive capacity as a conditioning factor with varying effects on the inequality of FDI. Our empirical results, based on panel data from 26 developing countries between 2004-2019, explain the varying effects of FDI on income inequality according to three different country clusters. FDI improves income inequality in the first cluster, while it does not significantly affect income inequality in the second and deteriorates income inequality in the third cluster. Furthermore, our empirical findings reveal that a country's high absorptive capacity, especially its high level of human capital, prevents the negative impact of FDI on income distribution.

Not all sweetness and light: Non‐structural carbohydrate storage capacity in tree stems is decoupled from leaf but not from root economics

ABSTRACT Non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC) are considered as indicators of the balance between tree carbon sources and sinks and reflect functional strategies throughout different biomes. However, little is known about the contribution of NSC to tree economics, and in particular, whether leaf, stem and coarse root traits co‐ordinate together into a whole‐tree economics spectrum. Twenty‐four functional traits (including NSC content) were measured in leaves, stem and coarse root xylem of up to 90 angiosperm tree species in temperate, Mediterranean and tropical climates. By performing principal component analysis and standardized major axis regression, we explored the relationships between NSC and other functional traits, as well as the effects of climate and phylogeny on these relationships. Our results revealed a covariation between leaf and coarse root NSC content and leaf economic traits, whereas stem NSC content was largely decoupled from the leaf economics spectrum that was mostly driven by leaf nitrogen content and leaf mass per area. Coarse root xylem traits were closely correlated with leaf traits, while most stem xylem traits were independent from the leaf economics spectrum but covaried with coarse root traits. Trade‐offs among traits in tropical species opposed those from other climates. Evolutionary history affected relationships among certain traits but did not change overall patterns. We conclude that due to leaf habit, an extended growing season and heightened defences, tropical species form distinct conservative resource acquisition strategies. Across all climates, as the stem must provide an efficient transport route between roots and leaves, while maintaining the display of branch and leaf organs, stem xylem design and NSC storage capacity lead to a stem economics spectrum that is largely independent from the leaf spectrum, but is coupled with that of coarse roots due to anatomical continuity. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

The family business CEO: A review of insights and opportunities for advancement

ABSTRACT Understanding chief executive officers (CEOs) is important because of their vast influence on the strategies and performance of organizations. With the growth of family business research, new insights about family firm CEOs have emerged. However, knowledge about family firm CEOs is dispersed across an array of disciplines that take different perspectives. These differences have led to an inconsistent understanding of family firm CEOs, particularly since they can be family or nonfamily members with varying levels of willingness, ability, and capability to select and implement distinctive strategies. To better understand CEOs in family firms, we reviewed 175 articles published between 1984 and 2021 using upper echelons theory to capture the relationships among CEO characteristics, strategic choices, and firm performance. Our integrative review synthesizes findings from entrepreneurship, management, finance, economics, and other disciplines to provide insights and future research directions on CEO characteristics, strategic choices, and firm performance in family firms.

Types of administrative burden reduction strategies: who, what, and how

Abstract This article contributes to the growing body of research on administrative burdens by providing a theoretically and empirically driven typology of governments’ burden reduction strategies. Despite the mounting interest in burden reduction, the literature still lacks a typology for systematically identifying and classifying such strategies. The article identifies three analytical dimensions of burden reduction: distributive (who bears the burden), intensiveness (what the level of burden is), and relational (how burden is experienced in bureaucratic encounters). Based on these dimensions, and drawing on a systematic analysis of the case of social security in Israel, we identify, define, and characterize seven distinct strategies of burden reduction: shifting, sharing, discarding, simplifying, expediting, communicating, and respecting. The article concludes with a discussion of these strategies, their applicability, practical implications, and directions for the research agenda on burden reduction.

Variation of Spoken Slovene in the Case of Geographically Mobile Speakers

Based on the pioneering variationist research on Slovene language material, the article explores the authentic language use of speakers of the Cerkno dialect who commute daily or weekly to work or school in Slovenia’s capital, Ljubljana. The research corpus comprises excerpts from informants’ full-day audio self-recordings, selected to represent variation of location, interlocutors, and conversation topic. Through a quantitative analysis of five phonological variables, the study reveals distinct language strategies with speakers of other varieties, resulting in a classification of one code-switcher, three code-mixers, and one dialect speaker language strategies employed by the informants when communicating with speakers of other varieties, resulting in a classification of code-switchers, code-mixers and dialect speakers. Furthermore, the qualitative data derived from interviews shed light on various sociopsycholo­gical aspects of the focal topic, such as the informants’ perception of their own speech behaviour, their experiences with language use, and their language attitudes, providing deeper insights into their language variability and highlighting the intricacies of language choice and interpersonal communication.

Targeting NPR1: a strategy went viral

Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related 1 (NPR1) acts as master regulator of plant immunity by promoting salicylic acid (SA) signalling. Some bacterial and fungal pathogens target NPR1 to inhibit SA-mediated immunity. Recently, Zhang et al. and Liu et al. demonstrated that a diverse spectrum of plant-infecting viruses have evolved distinct counter-defence strategies to weaken NPR1-mediated antiviral defence.

STRATEGIES OF LIFESPAN REGULATION WITHIN AND ACROSS SPECIES

Abstract Lifespan varies within and across species, but the general principles of its control remain unclear. We conducted multi-tissue RNA-seq analyses across mammalian species, identifying longevity signatures and examining their relationship with transcriptomic biomarkers of aging and established lifespan-extending interventions. Signatures of long-lived species were positively correlated with age-related changes and enriched for evolutionarily ancient essential genes. Conversely, lifespan-extending interventions counteracted aging patterns and affected younger, mutable genes enriched for energy metabolism. The identified biomarkers revealed new longevity interventions. We further developed a transcriptomic clock that quantifies progression through lifespan and reports the effects of longevity interventions. Overall, this work uncovers universal and distinct strategies of lifespan regulation within and across species and provides tools for quantifying aging and discovering longevity interventions.

Immigrant business in transnational contexts: a multifocal understanding of the breakout process

PurposeThis paper contributes to the development of an enhanced understanding of the breakout strategies of immigrant entrepreneurs within a transnational context. It develops a dynamic notion of breakout by placing it within a wider understanding of immigrant entrepreneurial strategy characterised by multifocal embeddedness within transnational space.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a qualitative research methodological approach. In-depth interviews were completed with 30 first- and second-generation UK-based Nigerian entrepreneurs and key informants, to provide data on business growth strategies of individual immigrant entrepreneurs in the context of opportunity structures across host, home and third countries.FindingsNigerian immigrant entrepreneurs adopted distinctive entrepreneurial strategies related to the complex and diverse transnational context within which they were embedded. Findings demonstrated how the realisation of diversification and differentiation strategies was particularly influenced by locational and spatial strategies, the specific contextual embeddedness of the entrepreneur and generational differences across entrepreneurs.Originality/valueConceptualising immigrant entrepreneurship from a standpoint of transnational, multifocal embeddedness produces a complex and multi-layered understanding of business breakout as a dynamic process. Drawing together the unifocal, bifocal and multifocal dimensions of embeddedness with findings on the breakout strategies being pursued by immigrant entrepreneurs, an original typology is presented which identifies different approaches to breakout across varied contexts. This has significant policy and practice implications for the content, targeting and access of business support and wider social issues, relating to the identities, social mobility and integration of immigrant entrepreneurs.

On some soliton structures for the perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation with Kerr law nonlinearity in mathematical physics

The most important physical structure that is assumed to illustrate the geometry of optical soliton replication in optical fiber theory is the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). Optical soliton generation in nonlinear optical fibers is a topic of great contemporary interest because of the numerous applications of ultrafast signal routing systems and short light pulses in communications. This analysis's main goal is to create a large number of soliton solutions for the dynamical model using a variety of contemporary analytical methods. This paper studies different soliton solutions to the perturbed NLSE with Kerr law nonlinearity using two sets of two distinct integration strategies: the mapping approach and the unified auxiliary equation method. The majority of solutions have been found as Jacobi elliptic functions with limiting ellipticity modulus values. Solitons like dark, bright, optical, lonely, and others are also retrieved. We were able to create various single‐type solutions with the help of these strategies. As a result, there is a variety of optical, bell‐shaped, single periodic, and multi‐periodic solutions. In order to validate the computations, the stability of the acquired findings must also be proven. The study provides a highly stunning and suitable strategy for combining numerous exciting wave demonstrations for more advanced models of the present era. Furthermore, we can assert that the outcomes reported here are unique and novel.

Comparative Study of the Structure and Height of CH4 Laminar Diffusion Flames: Effects of Fuel-Side versus Air-Side Dilution.

The strategy for introducing diluents is a critical practical concern in diluted combustion; however, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of fuel-side dilution versus air-side dilution is currently lacking. This numerical investigation systematically studied the effects of dilution strategies on methane coflow diffusion flames, with a focus on the flame structure and flame length. Common additives in practical combustion, specifically H2O and CO2, were introduced to either the fuel or the air streams, with dilution ratios (Z) ranging from 0 to 0.2, and the impacts of four dilution strategies were quantified and ranked. Detailed simulations were conducted using a well-validated two-dimensional (2D) flame code to gain a deep understanding of OH formation, flame attachment, temperature of the burner nozzle, and flame height. Systematic analyses in terms of heat transfer, molecular diffusion, and chemical kinetics were conducted. Results demonstrate that introducing diluents into the air stream exerts a more profound influence on suppressing OH formation compared with fuel-side dilution. Moreover, air-side dilution has a negligible influence on flame attachment, while increasing Z on fuel side significantly inhibits flame attachment, and the latter behavior is attributed to the diminished mass diffusion of CH4 toward the oxidizer side. As the flame attachment weakens, it causes a consequential reduction in heat transfer from the flame base to the burner. Accordingly, the nozzle temperature exhibits a more remarkable decrease with the fuel-side dilution ratio than with the air-side dilution ratio. Simultaneously, a more profound influence of Z on flame length was observed for fuel-side dilution than for air-side dilution, and the underlying mechanisms governing these two distinct dilution strategies were theoretically elucidated.

Bat winter foraging habitat use in working forests: a multispecies spatial occupancy approach

AbstractInsectivorous bats in temperate zones have evolved strategies such as migration or hibernation to overcome challenges of reduced resource availability and increased energy demand during winter. In the southeastern United States Coastal Plain, bats are either year‐round residents and remain active during winter or are migrants from colder areas seeking milder temperatures. Southeastern Coastal Plain forests also may represent important areas for remnant populations of species impacted by white‐nose syndrome. Working pine (Pinus spp.) forests comprise a large proportion of southeastern Coastal Plain forests, yet winter bat habitat associations and how forest management affects bat use remain understudied. Hence, we used hierarchical multispecies spatial occupancy models to evaluate factors influencing winter bat occupancy and foraging habitat associations in working forests of the southeastern Coastal Plain. From January to March 2020–2022, we deployed Anabat Swift acoustic detectors and measured site‐ and landscape‐level covariates on six working landscapes. We detected five species of bats and three species groups at 93% (224/240) of sites. We observed higher species richness at sites with high proportions of contiguous forest and low levels of basal area. At the species level, occupancy patterns were influenced by site and landscape covariates, which had varying effects on species with distinct foraging strategies. Temperature was an important predictor of detectability. Our findings offer new insights into the ecology of bats in working forest landscapes during winter, where we highlight positive responses in occupancy with contiguous forests and lower levels of basal area, as in previous summer work. By providing valuable information on winter community composition and foraging habitat associations, we hope to guide management decisions for forest attributes important to these species, thus increasing conservation opportunities within working forests.

The Fear of Inspirational Books

Banning books from public and school libraries has sharply increased in the USA in recent years. I analyze the phenomenon of book banning from the theoretical perspective of how books get ritualized in different textual dimensions. Book bans have a long cultural history in shaping literary and religious canons. Comparison with book burning shows some similar and some distinctive strategies behind book banning. Like book burning, book banning aims to draw public attention and to offend political opponents. In contrast to ritualized destruction of iconic books, however, book banning attacks the expressive dimension of reading texts by trying to prevent access to them. Whereas book burnings aim to offend opponents’ sensibilities, book bans aim to prevent inspiration to imagine different social arrangements and personal identities. That goal is apparent from the disproportionate focus on banning books with multi-cultural and LGBTQIA+ themes. The ban acts as a warning against embracing certain opinions and identities. However, analyzing book banning as ritual also draws attention to well-developed, ongoing traditions of counter-ritualizing by many libraries. They publicize banned book lists and encourage reading them during “Banned Books Week” and similar events. Through this ritual analysis of iconic and expressive texts, book banning emerges as a traditional site of cultural conflict over the means and goals of textual inspiration.

Non-A Non-B Acute Aortic Dissection: Is There Some Confusion in the Radiologist's Mind?

The aim of this study is to define and determine the rate of acute non-A-non-B aortic dissections, and to evaluate CT angiography findings and possible complications, as well as to discuss management strategies and currently available therapy. Non-A non-B type of aortic dissection is still a grey area in the radiologist's mind, such that it is not entirely clear what should be reported and completed in terms of this disease. A retrospective single-center study including 36 pre-treatment CT angiograms of consecutive patients (mean age: 61 years) between January 2012 and December 2022 with aortic dissection involving the aortic arch with/without the thoracic descending/abdominal aorta (type non-A non-B). According to the dissection anatomy, we identified three modalities of spontaneous acute non-A-non-B anatomical configurations. Configuration 1 (n = 25) with descending-entry tear and retrograde arch extension (DTA entry). Configuration 2 (n = 4) with Arch entry tear and isolated arch involvement (Arch alone). Configuration 3 (n = 7) with Arch entry and anterograde descending (±abdominal) aorta involvement (Arch entry). CT angiogram findings, management, and treatment options are described. Acute non-A non-B dissection represents an infrequent occurrence of aortic arch dissection (with or without involvement of the descending aorta) that does not extend to the ascending aorta. The complete understanding of its natural progression, distinct CT angiography subtypes, optimal management, and treatment strategies remains incomplete. Within our series, patients frequently exhibit a complex clinical course, often necessitating a more assertive approach to treatment compared to type B dissections.

Strategic Analysis for Advancing Smart Agriculture with the Analytic SWOT/PESTLE Framework: A Case for Turkey

In the contemporary discourse, smart agriculture (SA) stands out as a potent driver for sustainable economic growth. The challenges of navigating SA transition are notably intricate in developing nations. To effectively embark on this transformative journey, strategic approaches are imperative, necessitating a thorough examination of the prevailing agricultural ecosystem. This study seeks to formulate strategies that advance Turkey’s agricultural sector. The primary research questions focus on optimizing the benefits of SA by aligning strengths and opportunities with diverse socio-economic and environmental factors, while also exploring effective strategies to mitigate the impact of weaknesses and threats within the agricultural landscape. To achieve this objective, the utilization of the 2-Tuple linguistic (2TL) model integrated DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) methodology in conjunction with SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) and PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental) analyses is proposed. The integration of linguistic variables enhances the capacity to delve deeper into system analysis, aligning more closely with human cognitive processes. The research commences with SWOT and PESTLE analyses applied to Turkey’s agricultural sector. Subsequently, the 2TL-DEMATEL approach is employed to investigate interrelationships among analysis components. This inquiry aims to establish causal relations, facilitating the derivation of relevant strategies. The case study centers on Turkey, a developing country, with outcomes indicating that the highest-priority strategies revolve around addressing ‘environmental threats’ and ‘economic weaknesses’. The subsequent evaluation encompasses eight dimensions, resulting in the generation of fifteen distinct strategies, a process facilitated by collaboration with field experts. Importantly, both the results and strategies undergo rigorous validation, drawing upon insights from the recent literature and field experts. Significantly, these findings align seamlessly with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), substantiating the study’s broader significance in fostering a sustainable future for Turkey.