Distinct Circles Research Articles

Study on Spatialization and Spatial Pattern of Population Based on Multi-Source Data—A Case Study of the Urban Agglomeration on the North Slope of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, China

Study on Spatialization and Spatial Pattern of Population Based on Multi-Source Data—A Case Study of the Urban Agglomeration on the North Slope of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, China

Phase retrieval on circles and lines

Abstract Let f and g be analytic functions on the open unit disk ${\mathbb D}$ such that $|f|=|g|$ on a set A. We give an alternative proof of the result of Perez that there exists c in the unit circle ${\mathbb T}$ such that $f=cg$ when A is the union of two lines in ${\mathbb D}$ intersecting at an angle that is an irrational multiple of $\pi $ , and from this, deduce a sequential generalization of the result. Similarly, the same conclusion is valid when f and g are in the Nevanlinna class and A is the union of the unit circle and an interior circle, tangential or not. We also provide sequential versions of this result and analyze the case $A=r{\mathbb T}$ . Finally, we examine the most general situation when there is equality on two distinct circles in the disk, proving a result or counterexample for each possible configuration.

لاهور في قصص غلام عباس .. قصتي" اوور کوٹ: المعطف" و " کتبه: اللافتة" نموذجًا

Every writer has his or her narrative world, or distinct circle. It may be so broad or limited, but this does not matter as the success of the author draws on his or her talent and skill in presenting his or her art within this circle. This should be attained meticulously. Ghulam Abbas relied on his local environment while choosing his world of narration and his circle revolves around the city of Lahore, where he grew up witnessing its joys, sorrows, victories, and setbacks. With outstanding skill, he depicted its problems and cares for its people. Out of this local milieu, he attained worldwide fame through the extreme locality.
 In this respect, he resembles the Egyptian Najib Mahfouz, whose stories and novels took place inside the city of Cairo. The most prominent element in the stories of Ghulam Abbas is shedding light on the city’s cruelty to its people, especially the working class who show contrary to what they hide and try to coexist with that painful reality. This is evident through the “auwwarkaūt” and “katbah” stories. His stories also highlight the image of city life, crowds, high-rise buildings, buying and selling in the city hub, the image of street vendors over bridges, traffic, and jamming during rush hours of employees. The psychological state experienced by the residents of the city is depicted, too. Also handled are the crowded city, the psychological pressures on the simple employees, and the class disparity among the city's people, where the poor aspire to live on a level close to the rich of the city, but no way.. never

Intermedialita kaligrafických inspirací v poválečném umění a filosofickém diskursu

In this study, based on my dissertation thesis, I focus on the issues of circulation and various methods of appropriating calligraphic practices within the framework of transnational art history, predominantly in the context of the post-war European and North American art scenes. Due to the multi-layered and intermedia nature of the topic of calligraphic inspirations, I have chosen the motif of the circle as a certain unifying element, through which I attempt to reflect the given issue within two distinct circles. The first topic is the examination of the possibilities of artistic or philosophical expression of the ontological meaning of corporeality and the circularity of the body in the process of creation. The circle also reflects the issue of periodic renewal and regeneration of mythical and historical time. I examine the issue of the cyclical nature of time in the context of post-war art, when the necessity of a new beginning arose, which would not only enable a deeper intercultural dialogue, but also strengthen the need to re-examine the original artistic roots and sources.

How 2D and 3D built environments impact urban surface temperature under extreme heat: A study in Chengdu, China

Optimizing the built environment helps alleviate the adverse impact of extreme heat on public health and sustainable urban development. To this end, this study measured the daily land surface temperature (LST) in August 2022 (when extreme heat occurred) in Chengdu and introduced the 3D street view characteristics extracted from street view images. By employing OLS and spatial regression models, we probed the combined effects of 2D and 3D built environments on LST and their relationships under disparate circle spaces. The results show that: (1) compared with the 2D built environment, the 3D built environment presents a superior impact on LST. (2) urban land use that is 3D, compact, and has a high-floor area ratio diminishes LST, as evidenced by the finding that floor area ratio (FAR) reduces LST, but building density enhances it. (3) the green view index exhibits a stronger cooling effect than green space areas. (4) the built environment beneath distinct circle spaces displays a spatially varying impact on LST. For example, FAR is positively correlated with LST in the urban center, while in the urban periphery, it is prominently negative. Our empirical findings are conducive to formulating strategies from both 2D and 3D built environments for the formation and implementation of healthy urban design and development.

Distinct Distances on Non-Ruled Surfaces and Between Circles

We improve the current best bound for distinct distances on non-ruled algebraic surfaces in \({\mathbb {R}}^3\). In particular, we show that n points on such a surface span \(\Omega (n^{32/39-{\varepsilon }})\) distinct distances, for any \({\varepsilon }>0\). Our proof adapts the proof of Székely for the planar case, which is based on the crossing lemma. As part of our proof for distinct distances on surfaces, we also obtain new results for distinct distances between circles in \({\mathbb {R}}^3\). Consider two point sets of respective sizes m and n, such that each set lies on a distinct circle in \({\mathbb {R}}^3\). We characterize the cases when the number of distinct distances between the two sets can be \(O(m+n)\). This includes a new configuration with a small number of distances. In any other case, we prove that the number of distinct distances is \(\Omega (\min {\{m^{2/3}n^{2/3},m^2,n^2\}})\).

Classification of Generic Spherical Quadrilaterals

Generic spherical quadrilaterals are classified up to isometry. Condition of genericity consists in the requirement that the images of the sides under the developing map belong to four distinct circles which have no triple intersections. Under this condition, it is shown that the space of quadrilaterals with prescribed angles consists of finitely many open curves. Degeneration at the endpoints of these curves is also determined.

"Crying in My Uniform, For Sure": A Qualitative Thematic Analysis of Loss and Grief Among Soldiers After Losing a Comrade in Combat.

Recent studies investigate grief among soldiers who experienced combat loss, but little research exists on the qualitative lived experience of such an event. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with soldiers (n = 19) who lost a comrade (3-21 years ago) to delve into their bereavement process. The reflexive thematic analysis of soldiers' accounts identified six main themes: (1) an unexpected and shattering experience; (2) emotional dissociation; (3) detachment from the outside world; (4) group formation; (5) accommodating the bereaved family; and (6) life-long impact. These themes were positioned on four distinct circles relating to the self and the surrounding social systems, indicating how soldiers' grief unfolds and remains encapsulated and disenfranchised. The findings emphasize the value of peer support groups that should be facilitated and encouraged by official bodies-even years after-as part of providing social recognition.

Sisters and Rebels: A Struggle for the Soul of America by Jacquelyn Dowd Hall

Reviewed by: Sisters and Rebels: A Struggle for the Soul of America by Jacquelyn Dowd Hall Lisa Lindquist-Dorr Sisters and Rebels: A Struggle for the Soul of America. By Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. (New York and London: W. W. Norton and Company, 2019). Pp. xii, 690. Paper, $20.00, ISBN 978-0-393-35856-8; cloth, $39.95, ISBN 978-0-393-04799-8.) A preeminent scholar of southern women’s history, Jacquelyn Dowd Hall is the author of foundational studies such as Revolt Against Chivalry: Jessie Daniel Ames and the Women’s Campaign Against Lynching (New York, 1979) and Like a Family: The Making of Southern Cotton Mill World (Chapel Hill, 1987) that explore the intersection of gender, race, and class in southern history. As a teacher, scholar, mentor, and advisor to countless scholars and graduate students, she has defined and expanded southern history and women’s history in numerous ways. Sisters and Rebels: A Struggle for the Soul of America, a blended biography of Elizabeth, Grace, and Katharine Lumpkin, represents yet [End Page 143] another significant scholarly contribution and the culmination of a career of considerable significance. Sisters and Rebels explores the intellectual evolution of a remarkable set of sisters: Grace Lumpkin, a socialist activist and author of To Make My Bread (1932), one of the most significant examples of socially conscious literature in the twentieth century; Katharine Du Pre Lumpkin, best known for her memoir The Making of a Southerner (1947) but also the author of four other scholarly books; and Elizabeth Lumpkin Glenn, a well-known orator for the Lost Cause. They each took their origins in a prominent southern family in astonishingly different directions. Elizabeth’s intellectual trajectory was the most opaque of the three. She embraced the past and became a noticeable speaker at Confederate reunions. After her spectacle of a wedding, she withdrew into a more traditional domestic life. Grace and Katharine blazed more notorious trails. Grace moved north and embraced a socialist worldview, and until a midlife about-face, she was entrenched in leftist circles. Her novels used the “‘non-epic everyday,’” or a focus on family and domestic life, to bring the lives of the southern poor into view and to expand awareness of the problems of the working class, and especially of women (p. 146). Katharine followed a more academic route, beginning in college to question the racial mores and the class stratifications of her birthplace. She, too, left the South for a life of ideas and scholarship with a female companion at her side. Katharine’s and Grace’s lives were almost breathtaking in their scope. Unlike Elizabeth, who receded into a more traditional role, Grace and Katharine embarked on lives of almost unimaginable consequence, vitally engaged with the many social questions of race, class, government, and justice that consumed the 1920s and 1930s. Katharine especially, haunted by the South’s racial division and the poverty she witnessed among tenant farmers, sought throughout her career to get “‘the world’s work done,’” believing that study and reflection could lead southerners, and all Americans, to rid themselves of their biases and change the world (p. 182). Though operating in distinct circles, each sister was profoundly concerned with questions of gender, familial structure, and inequality, well before the development of feminist language to frame these issues. Those passions brought Grace to work in left-wing causes, including the cases of Sacco and Vanzetti and the Scottsboro Boys, and to write a steady stream of articles in leftist and progressive journals. Katharine, along with her partner Dorothy Douglas, were entrenched in women’s progressive networks and engaged in New Deal policy debates. Both sisters moved in circles filled with intellectuals, politicians, academics, and others. Their status as highly intellectual and educated white women, and their freedom from the traditional encumbrances of family, allowed them the privilege and independence in the 1920s and 1930s to devote their lives to ideas in action. Their enthusiastic participation in socialist circles in the 1930s reverberated through their lives to profound effect in the 1950s. Katharine’s partner Dorothy was accused of communist sympathies during the McCarthy era, upending their academic lives and ultimately pushing them apart...

Breaking process of boiling film around a solid hot sphere immersed in forced convection of sub-cooled water

Visualization experiments were conducted for the study of the breaking process of the boiling vapor film over the surface of a hot sphere immersed in sub-cooled forced convection. From the experimental results, a distinct circle of quenching front formed on the surface of the sphere during the breaking process. Through the analysis of the motion track of the quenching front, a few qualitative conclusions were drawn. The maximum heat flux occurs on the fully wetted area of the sphere surface after the quenching front passes through. The speed of the quenching front is fluctuated. When the quenching front moves to the middle of the sphere, its velocity increases first and then decreases. The movement of the quenching front on the sphere surface was affected by the temperature of the sphere, the flow rate of the liquid, the sub-cooling degree and the heat dissipation of the support rod. With the increase of liquid velocity or subcooling degree, the movement of the quenching front accelerates.

The Role of Retinal Vascular Density as a Screening Tool for Ageing and Stroke

Objectives: To measure the density of retinal vessels from digitized fundus photographs in patients with recent stroke and age-matched controls. To investigate whether the parameter retinal vascular density (RVD) served as a quantitative marker for cerebrovascular events. Methods: Digitized fundus photographs of n = 158 subjects with stroke or transient ischemic attack within 1 year at the time of examination and n = 1,250 age-matched controls without any remarkable medical history were examined. Sex, hypertension, and diabetes were considered to be cofactors. Measurement of RVD was performed with a computer-aided image-analyzing program by segmenting automatically all visible retinal vessels and measuring areas of vessels in distinct circles around the optic disk. Results: In controls RVD dwindles with increasing distance from the optic disk. RVD decreased significantly with age (p = 0.000). Stroke patients showed significantly lower values of RVD of –15% in comparison to age-matched controls. In old subjects, stroke in combination with hypertension is associated with a significant decreased RVD, and in middle-aged subjects diabetes and stroke are associated with a significant decreased RVD (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Age and stroke are significant risk factors for decreased RVD. Diabetes and arterial hypertension are additional significant risk factors in patients with stroke with respect to RVD.

Enhanced integration with treatment of Sprifermin (rhfgf18) in a cartilage injury-repair model

Enhanced integration with treatment of Sprifermin (rhfgf18) in a cartilage injury-repair model

“Spectral implies Tiling” for three intervals revisited

Abstract. Bose, Anil Kumar, Krishnan and Madan (2010) showed that “Tiling implies Spectral” holds for a union of three intervals and the reverse implication was studied under certain restrictive hypotheses on the associated spectrum. In this paper, we reinvestigate the “Spectral implies Tiling” part of Fuglede's conjecture for the three interval case. We first show that the “Spectral implies Tiling” for two intervals follows from the simple fact that two distinct circles have at most two points of intersections. We then attempt this for the case of three intervals and except for one situation are able to prove “Spectral implies Tiling”. Finally, for the exceptional case, we show a connection to a problem of generalized Vandermonde varieties.

Distinct timing mechanisms are implicated in distinct circle drawing tasks

That individual timing variability is correlated across some tasks but not others has instigated the notion of distinct timing processes, referred to as ‘event’ timing and ‘emergent’ timing for tasks with and without salient events, respectively. The delineation of the event-emergent framework owes much to the circle drawing task as it can be performed with or without such events, all other factors being equal. We investigated continuous and intermittent circle drawing from a principled perspective allowing for the classification of timing mechanisms based on mathematical theorems. We propose a one-dimensional dynamical model to portray the essential dynamics of circle drawing that exhibits either fixed point or oscillator dynamics, each associated with distinct timing mechanisms. Eight participants drew circles under three different instruction conditions (no specific instructions, to draw as a fast or as smoothly as possible) at seven frequencies ranging from 0.5 Hz to 3.5 Hz. We computed the angle between the circle drawing's horizontal and vertical component and reconstructed the corresponding vector fields prescribing the temporal evolution. Fixed point dynamics were present only in the ‘fast’ condition at low movement frequencies (i.e., in intermittent circle drawing representative of event timing). All other conditions were realized via oscillator dynamics representative of emergent timing. The transition between both dynamical mechanisms involved a saddle-node on invariant circle bifurcation, which was accompanied by increased trajectory variability, which is a key signature of phase transitions. These findings demonstrate the involvement of distinct timing mechanisms in different circle drawing tasks.

CLASSIFICATION OF LIFE BY THE MECHANISM OF GENOME SIZE EVOLUTION

We find that the global relationships among species should be of circular phylogeny, which is quite different from common sense based on phylogenetic trees. A domain can be defined by a distinct phylogenetic circle, which is a global and stable characteristic of the living system. The mechanism in genome size evolution has been clarified; hence the main component questions on C-value enigma can be explained. We find the intrinsic relationship between genome size evolution and protein length evolution; that is the genome size and non-coding DNA ratio can be calculated based on protein length distributions.

Termografia infravermelha em tempo real como método de avaliação da viabilidade do baço em modelo de esplenectomia parcial em porcos

To determine if infrared thermography is capable of precisely detecting loss of tissue perfusion in the spleen during a partial splenectomy. Five Landrace pigs, weighing between 12 and 15 kg, after intramuscular pre-anesthetic medication and intravascular infusion anesthesia, were submitted to four sequential vascular interruption steps of the arterial vessels to the lower splenic pole: 1-vessels of splenic ligament; 2-splenic artery branch to the lower pole; 3-arterial branch to the lower pole on the organ visceral surface; 4-splenic parenchyma, splitting the organ. The images were captured by a Therma CAM SC500 camera 50 centimeters from the organ surface. The parenchymal temperatures were measured from the proximal (irrigated) areas and from the distal (ischemic) areas in three distinct circle regions of each area using SAT Report software, before and after each vessels interruption step, establishing five groups of measurement times: time 0 = before interruption step 1; time 1 = after interruption step 1; time 2 = after interruption step 2; time 3 = after interruption step 3; time 4 = after interruption step 4. Proximal area temperatures (preserved vessels) remained stable during all the vessel interruption steps. The temperature of the distal area (compromised vessels), as compared to the proximal area, dropped continually throughout the sequential interruption steps and became statistically lower after interruption step 3 (time 3). There was a statistical difference between the proximal and distal temperatures of the organ as the vascular structures were being interrupted in each step. Infrared thermography is capable of precisely distinguishing irrigated splenic parenchyma from the ischemic areas and can contribute to the evaluation of solid organ viability.

A FDK-Based Reconstruction Method for Off-Centered Circular Trajectory Cone Beam Tomography

In the framework of post-genomic era, computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) systems were recently adapted to the new requirements of small animal imaging. In order to combine ideally anatomical and functional informations, simultaneous acquisitions of the two modalities are necessary. In this context, we studied the tomographic reconstruction required by a new prototype of PET/CT micro-system where the X-ray source has to be off-centered. In contrast to conventional micro-CT where the source and detector rotate in the same plane, our configuration imposes that the source point and its orthogonal projection on the detector plane describe two parallel distinct circles. To address this specific geometry, we derive a new general formulation of the Feldkamp (FDK) algorithm. This formula, called alpha-FDK, with alpha representing the off-center angle of the source, is evaluated using computer simulations. While the image quality obtained for small values of alpha(<17deg) is comparable to that obtained in standard circular cone beam geometry, strong artifacts appear for higher values. In order to interpret these degradations, we first analyze the projection/reconstruction system in terms of the impulse response and show the insufficiency of ramp filtering. Second, the missing data problem due to the off-centered geometry is analyzed in the Radon space

Incidences between Points and Circles in Three and Higher Dimensions

We show that the number of incidences between m distinct points and n distinct circles in ℝd, for any d ≥ 3, is O(m6/11n9/11κ(m3/n)+m2/3n2/3+m+n), where κ(n)=(log n)O(α(n))2 and where α(n) is the inverse Ackermann function. The bound coincides with the recent bound of Aronov and Sharir, or rather with its slight improvement by Agarwal et al., for the planar case. We also show that the number of incidences between m points and n unrestricted convex (or bounded-degree algebraic) plane curves, no two in a common plane, is O(m4/7n17/21+m2/3n2/3+m+n), in any dimension d ≥ 3. Our results improve the upper bound on the number of congruent copies of a fixed tetrahedron in a set of n points in 4-space and the lower bound for the number of distinct distances in a set of n points in 3-space. Another application is an improved bound for the number of incidences (or, rather, containments) between lines and reguli in three dimensions. The latter result has already been applied by Feldman and Sharir to obtain a new bound on the number of joints in an arrangement of lines in three dimensions.

Reconstructing the global topology of the universe from the cosmic microwave background

If the universe is multiply connected and sufficiently small, then the last scattering surface wraps around the universe and intersects itself. Each circle of intersection appears as two distinct circles on the microwave sky. This paper shows how to use the matched circles to explicitly reconstruct the global topology of space.

Robert Fludd and the End of the Renaissance (review)

BOOK REVIEWS 12 3 Truth), written, probably, between t677 and t69o, ~ and also in a letter to Varignon dated February 2, 17o2. a Leibniz believed Euclid's Elements to be a model of knowledge, but still open to criticism and perfectible. While Sanches excelled in criticism, Leibniz labored throughout his whole life upon the improvement of the Elements. Contrasting this mathematical model with Cartesian universal doubt, Leibniz invariably held that the latter was a rhetorical device.4 Sanches at least pointed out real faults of Leibniz's model of knowledge.5 This is only one reason we have for explaining Leibniz's strange respect for Sanches. Another could be that, as Borges said, great writers create their own precursors. EZEQUIEL DE OLASO National Council for Scientific Research, Argentina William H. Huffman. Robert Fludd and the End of the Renaissance. London: Routledge, t988. Pp. xii + 252. $49.5 o. Robert Fiudd ought not to be seen as an oddity of the Scientific Revolution, but, argues William Huffman, as the foremost spokesman of an altogether valid world view in the early seventeenth century. Fludd's monumental, yet incomplete, Utriusque cosmi... historica (16 t 7-1621), his Medicina Catholica (1629- t 631), and his later MosaicaU Philosophy (1638) represent the culmination of Renaissance Christian Platonism. Yet, however valuable his writings, Fludd's written works reveal only part of his involvement in the intellectual and social life of the mid-seventeenth century. What has been missing in studies focused on Fludd, Huffman contends, is the personal context of friends, associates , and patrons. Looking here reveals that Fludd was anything but the occult eccentric that subsequent centuries made him out to be. Rather, he was accepted as an important, well-established intellectual figure and medical practitioner during his own time. In establishing the social and intellectual legitimacy of Fludd's ideas, Huffman shows that Fludd was associated with at least three distinct circles. The first, formed around John Thornborough, Bishop of Worcester, was a center of alchemical activity. A second circle included several prominent English scholars and antiquaries, and a third was made up of medical colleagues. Beyond these, Fludd also enjoyed royal patronage, writing for James I an unpublished manuscript, the "Declaratio Brevis," which defended his apology of the Rosicrucian brotherhood, and gaining a royal patent for making steel in 162o. It was, Huffman suggests, Fludd's legitimate success in both medicine and chemistry that earned him respect from colleagues and patronage 55- ' Cf. Opusculesetfragments in~ditsde Leibniz, ed. L. Couturat (Paris: Alcan, 19o3), 191. 3 Cf. LeibnizensmathematischeSchriften, ed. C. I. Gerhardt (Berlin/Halle, 1849-63), 4:92-93 9 4 Cf. G. W. Leibniz. DiephilosophischenSchriften, ed. C. I. Gerhardt (Berlin, 1875-9o), 4: 3545 Cf. my study "Francisco Sanches e Leibniz," Analyse4 (Lisbon, 1986): 37-74- 124 JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY 29:~ JANUARY 1991 from the crown, and it is against this background, not against the hostile assaults of mechanical philosophers, that his written works should be considered. Huffman's survey of the literature of the Platonic Renaissance is sound and well informed. In terms of that literature, Fludd's work amounts to a "grand systematic synthesis" of Neoplatonic, Pythagorean, Gnostic, Stoic, and hermetic thinking. But to these occult views of nature Fludd also added his own ideas, discussing the process of creation as beginning with the appearance of "Hyle" ("an infinite mass or darke fog"), which is formed into a primeval Chaos by divine light, and deciding on the basis of Genesis that earth, air, fire, and water are actually secondary elements having their origins in a primary element, water. Fludd also added to the Neoplatonic tradition by creating images through which occult knowledge, especially the harmonies of the universe and the relation between spirit and matter, could be grasped. Huffman's description of Fludd's thinking, especially in the Mosaicall Philosophy, is instructive. However, it would have been even more helpful if Fludd's ideas had been compared to others that formed the larger arena of hermetic-Paracelsian philosophy. The concept of "Hyle," for instance, a central concept in Fludd's History of the Macrocosm (the first volume of his Utriusque cosmi.., historica) stems from Hermes and is criticized...