Distinct Body Of Knowledge Research Articles

Halal-organic meat: a successful business and humanitarian model

This study develops a conceptual model that investigates how self-determination needs, religiosity, and features of halal-organic meat influence consumer satisfaction and meat-purchasing behavior; these in turn affect healthy life expectancy, health- and food-related quality, and tranquility of life. In Bangladesh, a Muslim-majority country, organic meat producers usually sell halal meat without certifying or labeling it as such. According to the study, if meat producers market products that are both halal and organic, they will appeal to Muslim customers in religious and health-related contexts. This may lead to a significant increase in meat sales, thereby assisting more businesses in profits. The study used Purposive sampling to collect 985 data points from consumers who buy organic meat through four marketing channels: supermarkets, municipality corporate markets, open-air markets, and online markets. The data were analyzed using SmartPls 3.0. The results confirm that five independent variables—autonomy, competency, relatedness, religiosity, and halal-organic food—directly and positively influence consumers’ satisfaction with and continuance of halal-organic meat-purchasing behavior. The study also suggests that consumer satisfaction positively impacts halal-organic meat-purchasing behavior. This positively and significantly influences three dependent variables: consumers’ desire to maintain a healthy life expectancy, health- and food-related quality, and tranquility of life. The findings further indicate that halal-organic meat-purchasing behavior mediates the relationships between the study’s five independent variables and three dependent variables. This study investigates the new, growing theory of self-determination in relation to organic and halal food-purchasing research, which few studies have investigated. Although the literature surrounding halal and organic meat is not new, this study is the first to combine these two fields into a distinct body of knowledge. Furthermore, this is the first study to introduce the constructs of tranquility and life expectancy in organic and halal food-purchasing behavioral research.

Creating the Discourse of Marginalized Limbu Community: A Foucauldian Analysis of Manglak’s Limbuni Gaaun [The Village of Limbu Woman

This paper attempts to analyze the poems “Limbuni Gaaun” (“The Village of Limbu Women”), “Aadaangme” (“My Honor”), “Limbuni Maayaa” (“Limbu Woman’s Love”), and “Diplomyaat Devataa” (“Diplomat God”) which are selected from Raj Manglak’s Limbuni Gaaun [The Village of Limbu Woman], the collection of Nepali poems. The poet portrays the day-to-day life experiences and cultures of the marginalized Limbu people who live in the eastern region of Nepal, particularly in hilly districts of Taplejung and Panchthar. This paper aims to explore the same Limbu people’s world and cultures. This study discusses the articulation of the lifestyles, socio-cultural rituals, values, and traditions of the ethnic Limbu community that form a discourse of the marginality to claim the identity and defines the body of knowledge, e.i. the knowledge about the world and culture of Limbu community. Michel Foucault’s concept of discourse has been used as theoretical tool to interpret the selected poems, and achieve the set objectives of this study. Foucault argues that discourse is a systematic way of expression that produces and defines a body of knowledge. From this theoretical stand, the selected poems have been analysed as the discourse of the marginalized Limbu people and culture that exposes and expresses the outshined world of the same community and the distinctive body of knowledge. This study gives insights to understand the marginalized world and cultures of the Limbu community in Nepal.

Thomas Drysdale Buchanan, MD, and the Birth of Academic Anesthesiology.

Thomas Drysdale Buchanan, MD (1876-1940), founding president of the American Board of Anesthesiology, was the first person in the United States to hold the title "Professor of Anesthesiology" in a medical school faculty position dedicated exclusively to the specialty. An 1897 graduate of New York Medical College, Dr Buchanan joined the faculty of his alma mater in 1902 in response to demands by medical students and recent graduates for a dedicated instructor in anesthesia. Within a decade, the instructorship had become a professorship, and Dr Buchanan was on his way to distinction as one of the founders of academic anesthesiology. This chapter in Dr Buchanan's early career illustrates how anesthesiology took shape as a distinct body of knowledge during the formative decades of modern medical education at the turn of the century, laying the groundwork for its recognition 30 years later as a specialty in its own right.

Reuniting Long Lost Cousins: a Novel Curriculum in Imaging Informatics for Clinical Informatics Fellows.

We developed a curriculum of imaging informatics for clinical informatics fellows. While imaging informatics and clinical informatics are related fields, they have distinct bodies of knowledge. The aim of this curriculum is to prepare clinical informatics fellows for questions regarding imaging informatics on the clinical informatics board certification examination, prepare fellows to handle issues and requests involving imaging informatics in their future roles as clinical informaticists, and develop sufficient knowledge and skills in order to interface with imaging and radiology domain experts. We mapped ACGME core competencies for clinical informatics and the clinical informatics skills and attributes to topics covered in this curriculum. Topics covered included orders vs. encounter-based workflow, understanding imaging informatics operations and the differences between an IT department leading digital image management and the radiology department, clinical decision support for radiology, procuring and integrating new modalities into a PACS system, troubleshooting slow application performance in a PACS environment, imaging sharing, artificial intelligence (AI) in imaging including AI bias, validation of models within home institution and regulatory issues, and structured reporting vs. Natural Language Processing to mine radiology report data. These topics were covered in interactive didactic sessions as well as a journal club. Future work will expand to include hands-on learning and a formal evaluation of this curriculum with current fellows and recent graduates.

Between wellness and fairness: The mediating role of autonomous human choice and social capital in OECD countries.

Theoretical arguments and empirical evidence have been provided in the literature for the role of fairness in wellness. In this paper, we explore the role of two potential mediating variables: autonomous human choice and social capital. Using aggregated panel data across countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), we compared the OECD Social Justice Index (SJI) with data on life satisfaction to test whether fairness has direct and indirect effects on wellness. Results from a series of Manifest Path Analyses with time as fixed effect, support the hypothesis that the OECD SJI is directly linked to country‐level life satisfaction, additionally revealing that its indirect effect operates primarily through people's autonomous choices in life and their country's level of social capital. Our results contribute to two distinct bodies of knowledge. With respect to community psychology, the findings offer empirical evidence for the synergistic effect of personal, relational, and collective factors in well‐being. With respect to the impact of economic inequality on wellness, we extend the literature by using social justice as a more comprehensive measure. Limitations and recommendations for future studies are discussed.

The First Publication of Dugald Stewart’s Lectures on Political Economy

Dugald Stewart’s contribution to the formation of political economy as a science in the early nineteenth century is ambiguous. The professor of moral philosophy at the University of Edinburgh was the first academic to teach an independent course on political economy. However, scholars often assign Stewart a rather indirect role on the formation of political economy as a distinct body of knowledge because he never published his innovative lectures. The article argues that the assumption that Stewart’s lectures were known only to a small group of students is mistaken. Between 1814 and 1815, the London-based journal The New Monthly Magazine published a series of anonymous essays under the titles “MS. Recollections of Lectures on Political Oeconomy” and “Recollections of the Unpublished Lectures of an Eminent Professor.” Comparing these essays with manuscript notes that students took on Stewart’s lectures, the article shows that these “Recollections” were taken from Stewart’s teaching and made its content available to a wider audience.

A review of methodological diversity within the domain of international entrepreneurship

Based on a review of articles published from 1990 to 2017, we provide insight into the overall positioning of the international entrepreneurship (IE) literature in terms of methodological issues and diversity. We also explore the impact of recommendations in earlier literature on methodology in subsequent research published after 2011. Finally, we evaluate methodological issues and diversity in studies undertaken to date in the context of emerging and developing countries. The research undertaken involved the review and analysis of one hundred and fifty eight studies. Methodologies were systematically analysed under different categories. We found that IE studies are to a great extent confined to mainstream international business and marketing journals. Our findings also demonstrate that IE studies focused on developed countries dominate those from emerging and developing countries, and remain highly skewed towards the European region. The preponderance of high-tech and knowledge-intensive firms as study samples is evident from our analysis. The subjective and objective ontological underpinnings remain the dominant philosophical stance among IE researchers. We also found that IE studies are almost equally dominated by both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The increasing popularity of case study over other data collection strategies is evident. Although our analysis demonstrates that the domain of IE is still fragmented with knowledge gaps remaining that stem from country context, industry or sector context, ontological diversity, research approach and data collection and interpretation techniques, some progress has been made to the development of IE as a distinct body of knowledge. The findings of our study provide important implications for improving methodological rigor in future IE scholarship.

Nursing knowledge: A middle ground exploration.

The discipline of nursing has long maintained that is has a unique contribution to make within the health care arena. This assertion of uniqueness lies in great part in the discipline's claim to a distinct body of knowledge. Nursing knowledge is characterized by diverse and multiple forms of knowing and underpins the work of all nurses, regardless of field of practice. Unfortunately, it has been challenging for the discipline to take full ownership of its epistemological diversity, largely due to factors such as competing worldviews, and ideological and binary positioning. A philosophical middle ground stance is proposed as a way for the discipline to contemplate, discuss and develop nursing knowledge; a middle space that provides the freedom to consider competing worldviews while still allowing for the discipline to fully express itself in all of its epistemological diversity. In being able to enact its multiple forms of knowledge in a creative and open space that is open to different ideas and worldviews, not only can nursing take full ownership of its practice and its unique knowledge, it can also demonstrate how best to navigate an increasingly polarized world. In a world that is increasingly fixated on binary solutions and dualistic points of view, it is time for nursing to celebrate its epistemological diversity.

Rethinking Perianesthesia Orientation

To discover the best orientation method for perianesthesia nurses. Pilot study comparing two approaches to orientation. Nurses in one group were each assigned to a single preceptor, whom they followed regardless of which of the three distinct areas-the preoperative unit, postanesthesia recovery unit, or Phase II discharge unit-the preceptor was scheduled to work. In the second group, trainees remained in one area, with various preceptors, until proficiency was achieved. All trainees (n = 25) were surveyed. New registered nurses in the perianesthesia department prefer to remain in a single area until competency is achieved. Perianesthesia nursing has a distinct body of knowledge. Although conventional wisdom suggests that using a single preceptor for nursing orientation leads to better outcomes, our study indicates that allowing orientees to remain in one area until a level of competency is achieved may be more effective.

Approaching Etuaptmumk – introducing a consensus-based mixed method for health services research

With the recognized need for health systems’ improvements in the circumpolar and indigenous context, there has been a call to expand the research agenda across all sectors influencing wellness and to recognize academic and indigenous knowledge through the research process. Despite being recognized as a distinct body of knowledge in international forums and across indigenous groups, examples of methods and theories based on indigenous knowledge are not well documented in academic texts or peer-reviewed literature on health systems. This paper describes the use of a consensus-based, mixed method with indigenous knowledge by an experienced group of researchers and indigenous knowledge holders who collaborated on a study that explored indigenous values underlying health systems stewardship. The method is built on the principles of Etuaptmumk or two-eyed seeing, which aim to respond to and resolve the inherent conflicts between indigenous ways of knowing and the scientific inquiry that informs the evidence base in health care. Mixed methods’ frameworks appear to provide a framing suitable for research questions that require data from indigenous knowledge sources and western knowledge. The nominal consensus method, as a western paradigm, was found to be responsive to embedding of indigenous knowledge and allowed space to express multiple perspectives and reach consensus on the question at hand. Further utilization and critical evaluation of this mixed methodology with indigenous knowledge are required.

Being human: Transdisciplinarity in nursing

Nursing as an academic discipline typically draws on a wide range of other disciplines. There is debate about whether this is a sound basis for the discipline, or whether nursing needs to develop a distinctive body of knowledge. The concept of transdisciplinarity, though little discussed in nursing, is of considerable value in understanding nursing as an academic discipline, and provides a possible resolution to the debate above. In order to get a better understanding of what transdisciplinarity might mean in a nursing context, we conducted a qualitative interview-based study of faculty in a UK school of nursing. The debate about nursing’s status as a discipline was reproduced by the interviewees. Despite these differences, a degree of consensus emerged about the concept of nursing as a transdisciplinary discipline. Transdisciplinarity in nursing offers an overarching approach that is applicable to a broader range of disciplines. This approach offers the possibility of moving beyond some of the major debates in nursing as an academic discipline. This broad and pragmatic approach grounds nursing knowledge in nursing practice, which means that as a transdisciplinary discipline it does not overstate its claims to knowledge, but instead explicitly acknowledges tacit and ‘craftsmanship’-type forms of knowledge.

Perspectives on the Formal Authority between Project Managers and Change Managers

Project management and change management both contribute to the management and delivery of changes to organizations; however, they are based on distinct bodies of knowledge, and practitioners of these disciplines have disparate views on how change should be managed. There is a lack of consensus about how these disciplines should work together to deliver organizational change projects, which may result in conflict. This research delves into practitioners' perspectives on formal authority, the reporting relationship between these disciplines, and also reveals the fundamental differences in how practitioners of these disciplines view the practice of organizational change.

Public Health as a Distinct Profession

This article reviews the elements consistent with the definition of a "profession" in the contemporary United States and argues that public health should be considered a distinct profession, recognizing that it has a unique knowledge base and career paths independent of any other occupation or profession. The Welch-Rose Report of 1915 prescribed education for public health professionals and assumed that, although at first the majority of students would be drawn from other professions, such as medicine, nursing, and sanitary engineering, public health was on its way to becoming "a new profession." Nearly a century later, the field of public health has evolved dramatically in the direction predicted. It clearly meets the criteria for being a "profession" in that it has (1) a distinct body of knowledge, (2) an educational credential offered by schools and programs accredited by a specialized accrediting body, (3) career paths that include autonomous practice, and (4) a separate credential, Certified in Public Health (CPH), indicative of self-regulation based on the newly launched examination of the National Board of Public Health Examiners. Barriers remain that challenge independent professional status, including the breadth of the field, more than one accrediting body, wide variation in graduate school curricula, and the newness of the CPH. Nonetheless, the benefits of recognizing public health as a distinct profession are considerable, particularly to the practice and policy communities. These include independence in practice, the ability to recruit the next generation, increased influence on health policy, and infrastructure based on a workforce of strong capacity and leadership capabilities.

Theorising the Interconnectivity between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Corporate Identity

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate identity (CI) concepts have grown over the years as distinct bodies of knowledge with seemingly divergent objectives. The recent rise in corporate social reporting among national and multinational business organisations suggests that both concepts have more in common that unite than divide them. This paper explores theoretical literature concerning the meaning of corporate identity and CSR, fusing these theoretical discourses into a cohesive construct – “CSR Identity”. It develops a working definition for the construct and explores the research and managerial implications of this emergent construct in relation to business competitiveness. It is hoped that this study will extend the current discourse in both CI and CSR and provide an innovative approach for constructing CSR Identity for firms in the business environment.

LOFIR: Introducing a framework for building midwifery-type questions

Midwifery is an evidence-based profession. Evidence is drawn from a wide range of disciplines and midwife researchers are increasingly generating a distinct body of knowledge to support high quality care for women and their babies. Every enquiry must begin with a good question. This is the first step in the evidence-based practice cycle but existing question-building tools have largely emerged from the paradigm of evidence-based medicine. The questions student midwives want to develop often relate to women's experiences, rather than a comparison of treatment options. A framework to support the development of midwifery-type questions has not previously been differentiated. The LOFIR (theoretical location, focus, intervention, result) tool offers an alternative framework to facilitate the development of effective midwifery-type questions.

Economic Geography. Places, Networks and Flows * Andrew Wood and Susan Roberts

If the proliferation of textbooks for students is a marker of the vitality of an academic discipline, then these are happy days for economic geography. A new addition to the growing pool of undergraduate texts in English language has now been provided by Andrew Wood and Susan Roberts, both based at the University of Kentucky, one of the economic geography teaching and research strongholds in the USA. The authors have two main aims they want this book to achieve, namely for the reader to gain insights into contemporary economic geographies, socio-economic and spatial unevenness and to gain an understanding of economic geography as an academic (sub)discipline as well as a distinct body of knowledge. As they emphasize in their introduction, three main themes are meant to provide guidance for this learning journey: first, a focus on the relationship between geographic fixity and mobility, i.e. the spaces of places and the spaces of flows; second, the analysis of relationships between structure and agency, strategies, identities and networks; and third, the investigation of the relationship between economic processes and practices at different geographical scales. This trinity of themes forms the backbone of the text and—although difficult to maintain sometimes—is used throughout the book to position specific topics within the bigger picture of economic-geographical reasoning.

Standing Center

In this article, I demonstrate an approach to fusing autoethnographic writing and solo dance performance, advocating for a place for the female performer to stand as creative practitioner and researcher. While contemporary ethnographers and autoethnographers have actively engaged with issues of methodology and representational forms, and have gained some recognition within qualitative research communities, artists engaged in contemporary performance research still struggle for acknowledgement of the methodological rigor and representational innovation in their work. As in other art forms, dance artists have distinct bodies of knowledge, unique methods specific to dance, and diverse embodied and representational options for sharing knowledge. Referring to creative processes utilized in developing a particular solo dance performance, I weave together descriptions of movement activities undertaken to enhance awareness, literature on human developmental movement and on performance ethnography and excerpts of creative writing. To represent my dancing in this article, I include images from the solo performance. In this weaving I offer a partial representation of embodied ways of knowing and make a call to qualitative researchers to reconnect with their own beginnings – to return home.

Reconsidering Models for Investigating Family Firms: Variants from China

Casual observers may view family business as a sub-discipline of entrepreneurship. Although there is considerable overlap of the fields, they consist of two distinct bodies of knowledge. As entrepreneurship is maturing through research contributions, family business is in an emergent stage. We contend that current dominant theories and models that frame family business research studies may result in misleading conclusions due to insufficient systems views. Despite the increase in international and cross-cultural studies, models have failed to address the variations caused by national context, ethnic, religious and other external influences. We discuss China as an example of the inadequacy of models developed within other societal environments.

Research Quality Rankings of Heterodox Economic Journals in a Contested Discipline

AbstractThis article argues that the discipline of economics consists of two subdisciplines: heterodox and mainstream economics. Being distinct bodies of knowledge, it is possible that the processes of building scientific knowledge are different enough so to generate distinctly different referencing and citation practices. Therefore, a specific impact contribution score is necessary for ranking heterodox journals in terms of their contribution to building heterodox economics. If properly developed such a metric could also be used to produce a single overall quality‐equality ranking of mainstream and heterodox journals. Utilizing citation data and peer evaluations of 62 heterodox economics journals, a research quality measure is developed and then used to rank the journals. The measure is then used in conjunction with the SSCI five‐year impact factor to produce a comparative research quality‐equality rankings of the 62 heterodox and the 192 mainstream journals in the SSCI.

Theorising the Interconnectivity between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Corporate Identity

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate identity (CI) concepts have grown over the years as distinct bodies of knowledge with seemingly divergent objectives. The recent rise in corporate social reporting among national and multinational business organisations suggests that both concepts have more in common that unite than divide them. This paper explores theoretical literature concerning the meaning of corporate identity and CSR, fusing these theoretical discourses into a cohesive construct - 'CSR Identity.' It develops a working definition for the construct and explores the research and managerial implications of this emergent construct in relation to business competitiveness. It is hoped that this study will extend the current discourse in both CI and CSR and provide an innovative approach for constructing CSR Identity for firms in the business environment.